Medicament for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in ardealite and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in ardealite, the agent is composed of feldspar ore, inorganic alkali and polyacrylic acid, the mass ratio of feldspar ore to inorganic alkali to polyacrylic acid is 1: 1-3: 3-5, polyacrylic acid is of a porous structure, the surface of polyacrylic acid is provided with a nanofiltration layer, and the agent has a good adsorption effect on phosphorus and fluorine elements in ardealite washing water. Wherein the feldspar ore and the inorganic base are proportioned according to a specific proportion, cations can react with phosphate radicals and fluorine acid to generate precipitates and generate a chemical adsorption effect, functional groups in the organic matter polypropylene can also react with phosphorus and fluorine to generate an adsorption effect, and the porous structure has a large specific surface area, so that physical adsorption is facilitated; and the nanofiltration layer can more efficiently filter impurity elements in water, so that the elements can be conveniently recycled and utilized. The medicament prepared by the invention can realize efficient capture of phosphorus and fluorine elements, the treatment process is simple to operate, the applicability is wide, and the maximization of resource recovery can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of resource and environmental technology, and in particular to an agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum. Background Art

[0002] Phosphogypsum is a by-product of wet-process phosphoric acid production and is a phosphorus-based industrial solid waste, along with yellow phosphorus slag. Every ton of phosphoric acid produced produces approximately 5 tons of phosphogypsum. my country's annual phosphogypsum production is approximately 6,000 to 8,000 million tons. 4 Tons of phosphogypsum are produced annually, accounting for approximately 40% of the world's total, with a low utilization rate of only around 30%. The storage and direct discharge of phosphogypsum not only occupies a large amount of land, but also seriously pollutes the surrounding environment and groundwater, endangering human health. Therefore, effective treatment and utilization are necessary. Dihydrate gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O), the primary component of phosphogypsum, also contains small amounts of impurities such as phosphorus, fluorine, and organic matter. Phosphorus and fluorine significantly affect the performance of phosphogypsum products, such as hardened strength and setting time. Therefore, research on the removal of phosphorus and fluorine impurities from phosphogypsum is of great practical significance for its comprehensive utilization. At present, the main methods for removing phosphorus and fluorine from phosphogypsum include water washing, flotation, acid leaching, calcination, screening, etc. Among them, the water washing method is simple to operate and has high impurity removal efficiency. It is an effective method for removing water-soluble phosphorus and water-soluble fluorine from phosphogypsum. However, the washing method consumes a lot of water and consumes a lot of energy. In addition, it is necessary to solve the problem of secondary pollution caused by the washing water during the washing process. The soluble phosphorus in phosphogypsum is mainly in the form of H3PO4 and H2PO4. - and HPO4 2- Soluble fluorine exists in the form of NaF and KF. Appropriate reagents are added to the washing water to efficiently recover phosphorus and fluorine elements in the water. At the same time, the washing water is purified and then recycled for reuse or discharged in compliance with the standards, reducing environmental pollution while optimizing resource recovery. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Technical problem to be solved: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum.

[0004] Technical solution: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum, composed of feldspar ore, inorganic alkali, and polyacrylic acid. The mass ratio of feldspar ore, inorganic alkali, and polyacrylic acid is 1:1~3:3~5. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure, covers the feldspar ore-inorganic alkali composite powder, and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface. Preferably, the preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and the inorganic base are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - inorganic base composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and the acrylic acid monomer were added to an organic solvent in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. An initiator was added and heated to 70 to 90 ° C. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven and heated to 120 to 150°C to evaporate the organic solvent to obtain a porous structure of the agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 is placed in an aqueous solution and an oily solution in turn for interfacial polymerization to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface. Preferably, the inorganic base includes any one or more of calcium hydroxide, ferric hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide. Preferably, the organic solvent in step S2 includes any one or more of toluene, xylene, and chlorobenzene. Preferably, the initiator in step S2 includes any one of potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and the molar ratio of the acrylic acid monomer to the initiator is 100:1-2. Preferably, the mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate and water in the aqueous phase solution of step S4 is 1-2:0.1-0.2:97.8-98.9; the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution is 0.3-0.7:99.3-99.7. Preferably, the nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 80 to 120 μm and a pore size of <2 nm. Preferably, the method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Phosphogypsum is added to water in proportion, stirred thoroughly and filtered to obtain phosphogypsum washing water; S12. The phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent and the sulfuric acid were mixed in proportion, placed in a reactor and stirred until the reaction was complete, and the precipitate was filtered; S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Preferably, the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to water in step S11 is 1:3-5. Preferably, the mass ratio of the washing water, the reagent and the sulfuric acid in step S12 is 100:0.5-1.5:0.2-0.4, the stirring conditions are normal temperature and pressure, and the stirring time is 0.8-1.2 h. Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics: The agent of the present invention is made by mixing inorganic feldspar ore, inorganic base and organic polyacrylic acid in a specific ratio. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-inorganic base composite powder, and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface, which can perform physical and chemical dual adsorption to achieve efficient recovery and separation of phosphorus and fluorine elements. The water-soluble phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum mainly exist in the form of phosphate and fluoride, such as H3PO4, H2PO4 - 、HPO4 2- and F - These ions can react with Ca 2+ 、Fe 3+ 、Al 3+ Cationic reactions such as precipitation occur. Therefore, inorganic bases and feldspar ore are selected as cation sources and combined with organic matter in a specific ratio to prepare a collecting agent. This is added to the phosphogypsum washing water or leaching agent, and stirred to allow the ions to fully react and precipitate, achieving efficient enrichment and recovery of phosphorus and fluorine. Polyacrylic acid is a highly hydrophilic polymer material commonly used in fields such as water absorption, moisture absorption, and ion adsorption. Its surface contains functional groups such as carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, which can exchange with a variety of ions or form complexes, effectively adsorbing fluorine and phosphorus in water. Polyacrylic acid is prepared into a porous structure with a large specific surface area, which has good physical adsorption effects. Simultaneously, feldspar ore and inorganic base are loaded on the porous material, allowing physical and chemical adsorption to proceed simultaneously, improving adsorption efficiency and optimizing adsorption effects. Furthermore, the polyacrylic acid surface has a nanofiltration layer, which can achieve efficient separation of impurity elements from water. The positively charged surface of the nanofiltration layer can filter electronegative phosphate and fluoride ions through electrostatic interaction without an external electric field. In addition, adding a small amount of sulfuric acid to the washing water to adjust the pH value and make the solution weakly acidic can ensure that the acrylic acid remains in a gel state in the solution, facilitating filtration and separation after adsorption. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects: The invention realizes the recovery of phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum by using a mixed preparation of inorganic and organic substances in a specific ratio, and has simple operation and high recovery efficiency. The medicament prepared by the present invention has a porous structure, a high specific surface area, and a nanofiltration layer with nanopore diameter on the surface, which can improve the adsorption efficiency of phosphorus and fluorine elements. The agent prepared by the present invention is suitable for phosphorus- and fluorine-containing liquids produced by different treatment methods, and the water produced after element recovery can be refluxed for reuse or discharged in compliance with standards, which is environmentally friendly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION In order to further understand the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to examples. Specific preferred examples are as follows: Example 1: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid in a mass ratio of 1:2:3. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on its surface. The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of phosphogypsum to water of 1:3, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid of 100:0.5:0.2, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Example 2: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid in a mass ratio of 1:2:4. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on its surface. The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous phase solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of phosphogypsum to water of 1:3, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid of 100:0.5:0.2, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Example 3: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid, wherein the mass ratio of feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid is 1:2:5. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on its surface. The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of phosphogypsum to water of 1:3, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid of 100:0.5:0.2, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Example 4: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, comprising feldspar ore, aluminum hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid in a mass ratio of 1:2:4. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-aluminum hydroxide composite powder and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on its surface. The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and aluminum hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - aluminum hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of phosphogypsum to water of 1:3, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid of 100:0.5:0.2, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Example 5: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, comprising feldspar ore, ferric hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid, wherein the mass ratio of feldspar ore, ferric hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid is 1:2:4. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-ferric hydroxide composite powder and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on its surface. The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and ferric hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - ferric hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of phosphogypsum to water of 1:3, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid of 100:0.5:0.2, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Example 6: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid in a mass ratio of 1:2:4. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on its surface. The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to xylene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 150°C to evaporate the xylene to obtain a porous structure of the agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of phosphogypsum to water of 1:3, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid of 100:0.5:0.2, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Example 7: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid in a mass ratio of 1:2:4. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on its surface. The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to chlorobenzene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven and heated to 140°C to volatilize the chlorobenzene to obtain a porous structure of the agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of phosphogypsum to water of 1:3, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid of 100:0.5:0.2, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Example 8: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid in a mass ratio of 1:2:4. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on its surface. The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to a toluene / chlorobenzene mixed solvent in a certain proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven and heated to 140°C to evaporate the mixed solvent to obtain a porous structure of the drug; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of phosphogypsum to water of 1:3, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid of 100:0.5:0.2, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Example 9: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid in a mass ratio of 1:2:4. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on its surface. The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of 1:4, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of 100:0.5:0.2, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Example 10: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid in a mass ratio of 1:2:4. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on its surface. The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water at a mass ratio of phosphogypsum to water of 1:5, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid at a mass ratio of washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid of 100:0.5:0.2, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Example 11: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid in a mass ratio of 1:2:4. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on its surface. The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of 1:4, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of 100:0.75:0.25, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Example 12: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid in a mass ratio of 1:2:4. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on its surface. The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water at a mass ratio of 1:4, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid at a mass ratio of 100:1.0:0.3, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Example 13: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid in a mass ratio of 1:2:4. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on its surface. The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of 1:4, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of 100:1.25:0.35, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Example 14: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid in a mass ratio of 1:2:4. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on its surface. The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of phosphogypsum to water of 1:4, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid of 100:1.5:0.4, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Example 15: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid in a mass ratio of 1:2:4. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on its surface. The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 80 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of 1:4, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of 100:1.25:0.35, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Example 16: A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid in a mass ratio of 1:2:4. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure that covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide-free composite powder and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on its surface. The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 120 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of 1:4, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of 100:1.25:0.35, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. In order to further illustrate the technical effects of the present invention, the present invention also provides comparative examples, which are as follows: Comparative Example 1: A reagent, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid, wherein the mass ratio of feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid is 1:1:2, wherein the polyacrylic acid has a porous structure, covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder, and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the medicament comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of phosphogypsum to water of 1:3, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid of 100:0.5:0.2, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Comparative Example 2: A reagent, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid, wherein the mass ratio of feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid is 1:2:6. The polyacrylic acid has a porous structure, covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder, and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the medicament comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of phosphogypsum to water of 1:3, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid of 100:0.5:0.2, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Comparative Example 3: A reagent, comprising feldspar ore, sodium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid, wherein the mass ratio of feldspar ore, sodium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid is 1:2:4, wherein the polyacrylic acid has a porous structure, covers the feldspar ore-sodium hydroxide composite powder, and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and sodium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - sodium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the medicament comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of phosphogypsum to water of 1:3, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid of 100:0.5:0.2, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Comparative Example 4: A reagent, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid, wherein the mass ratio of feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid is 1:2:4, wherein the polyacrylic acid has a porous structure, covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder, and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the medicament comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of 1:2, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of 100:0.5:0.2, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Comparative Example 5: A reagent, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid, wherein the mass ratio of feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid is 1:2:4, wherein the polyacrylic acid has a porous structure, covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder, and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the medicament comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water at a mass ratio of phosphogypsum to water of 1:4, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water with a reagent at a mass ratio of washing water to reagent to sulfuric acid of 100:0.5, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Comparative Example 6: A reagent, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid, wherein the mass ratio of feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid is 1:2:4, wherein the polyacrylic acid has a porous structure, covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder, and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 100 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the medicament comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of 1:4, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of 100:0.25:0.15, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Comparative Example 7: A reagent, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid, wherein the mass ratio of feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid is 1:2:4, wherein the polyacrylic acid has a porous structure, covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder, and has a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; S4. The agent prepared in S3 was successively placed in an aqueous solution and an oil phase solution for interfacial polymerization. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium lauryl sulfate, and water in the aqueous solution was 1.5:0.1:98.4, and the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution was 0.5:99.5, to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface; The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 140 μm and a pore size of <2 nm; The method for using the medicament comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of 1:4, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of 100:1.25:0.35, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. Comparative Example 8: A reagent, comprising feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid, wherein the mass ratio of feldspar ore, calcium hydroxide, and polyacrylic acid is 1:2:4, wherein the polyacrylic acid has a porous structure and covers the feldspar ore-calcium hydroxide composite powder; The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and calcium hydroxide are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - calcium hydroxide composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and acrylic acid monomer were added to toluene in proportion and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly. Potassium persulfate initiator was added and heated to 80°C. The molar ratio of acrylic acid monomer to initiator was 100:2. The mixture was stirred until the reaction was complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel. S3. The wet gel prepared in S2 was freeze-dried and then placed in an oven heated to 120°C to evaporate the toluene to obtain a porous structure of the pharmaceutical agent; The method for using the medicament comprises the following steps: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in a mass ratio of 1:4, stir thoroughly, and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water. S12. Mix the phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent, and sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of 100:1.25:0.35, place the mixture in a reactor, stir at room temperature and pressure for 1 hour until the reaction is complete, and filter to obtain a precipitate. S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein. The P and F element contents of the phosphogypsum before and after washing and before and after mixing the washing water with the reagent in each embodiment and comparative example were tested respectively, and the element removal rate of the phosphogypsum and the element adsorption rate of the washing water were calculated. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 6. Table 1 Effects of different reagent ratios on element removal and adsorption effects Table 2 Effects of different inorganic base types on element removal and adsorption Table 3 Effects of different solvent types on element removal and adsorption Table 4 Effect of different solid-liquid ratios on element removal and adsorption Table 5 Effects of different ratios of washing water to reagent on element removal and adsorption Table 6 Effects of different nanofiltration layer thicknesses on element removal and adsorption In summary, the agent prepared by the present invention has a good adsorption effect on phosphorus and fluorine elements in phosphogypsum washing water, and the use conditions are simple, the applicability is wide, and it can maximize resource recovery.

Claims

1. A reagent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum, characterized in that: The agent is composed of feldspar ore, inorganic base and polyacrylic acid, wherein the mass ratio of feldspar ore, inorganic base and polyacrylic acid is 1:1-3:3-5, wherein the polyacrylic acid is a porous structure, covers the feldspar ore-inorganic base composite powder, and has a nanofiltration layer with positive charge on the surface.

2. The agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the medicament comprises the following steps: S1. The feldspar ore and the inorganic base are configured in proportion and subjected to high-energy ball milling to obtain a feldspar ore - inorganic base composite powder; S2. The composite powder prepared in S1 and the acrylic acid monomer are added to an organic solvent in proportion, ultrasonically dispersed uniformly, an initiator is added and heated to 70 to 90° C., stirred until the reaction is complete and filtered to obtain a wet gel; S3. freeze-drying the wet gel prepared in S2, and then placing it in an oven and heating it to 120 to 150° C. to volatilize the organic solvent to obtain a porous structure of the drug; S4. The agent prepared in S3 is placed in an aqueous solution and an oil solution successively for interfacial polymerization to obtain an agent with a positively charged nanofiltration layer on the surface.

3. The agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic base includes any one or more of calcium hydroxide, ferric hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide.

4. The agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum according to claim 2, characterized in that: The organic solvent in step S2 includes any one or more of toluene, xylene, and chlorobenzene.

5. The agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum according to claim 2, characterized in that: The initiator in step S2 includes any one of potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and the molar ratio of the acrylic acid monomer to the initiator is 100:1-2.

6. The agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the mass ratio of polyethyleneimine, sodium dodecyl sulfate and water in the aqueous phase solution is 1-2: 0.1-0.2: 97.8-98.9; the mass ratio of trimesoyl chloride and n-hexane in the organic phase solution is 0.3-0.7: 99.3-99.

7.

7. The agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nanofiltration layer in step S4 has a thickness of 80 to 120 μm and a pore size of <2 nm.

8. The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S11. Add phosphogypsum to water in proportion, stir thoroughly and filter to obtain phosphogypsum washing water; S12. The phosphogypsum washing water, the reagent and the sulfuric acid are mixed in proportion, placed in a reactor and stirred until the reaction is complete, and the precipitate is filtered; S13. The precipitate obtained in S12 is further processed to recover phosphorus and fluorine elements therein.

9. The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S11, the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to water is 1:3-5.

10. The method for using the agent for enriching phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S12, the mass ratio of washing water, reagent and sulfuric acid is 100: 0.5-1.5: 0.2-0.4, the stirring conditions are normal temperature and pressure, and the stirring time is 0.8-1.2h.

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