Wind power sorting equipment for household garbage

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage sorting, in particular to household garbage wind power sorting equipment which comprises a sorting bin, a feeding port, a first discharging port, a second discharging port and an air blowing port are formed in the sorting bin, the second discharging port is formed in the top of the sorting bin, and the air blowing port and the second discharging port are oppositely arranged; an air channel is formed between the air blowing opening and the second discharging opening; the material guiding plate can ventilate, and the material guiding plate is located below the feeding port and the first discharging port; the air inlet hopper is arranged below the material guiding plate and blows air towards the material guiding plate; the flow guide plate is connected with the inner wall of the sorting bin, a flow guide face is arranged on the flow guide plate, a flow guide channel is formed between the flow guide face and the inner side wall of the sorting bin, and the flow guide channel communicates with the air duct; and the backflow prevention device is arranged in the air duct, and the sectional area of the flow guide prevention device in the air duct is smaller than that of other positions of the air duct. By arranging the flow guide plate and the anti-backflow equipment, the operation stability of the separation equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste sorting, and in particular to a device for wind-powered sorting of domestic waste. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous growth of population, the amount of domestic waste is increasing, and the problem of waste disposal is becoming increasingly serious. Traditional waste disposal methods, such as landfill and incineration, fail to achieve the recycling of useful components in domestic waste and are difficult to meet the requirements of sustainable development. Therefore, waste classification and resource recycling have become important topics at present. In this context, the development of efficient waste sorting equipment is particularly important. At present, the application of wind sorting equipment in the field of waste disposal has gradually received attention. The equipment uses the characteristics of air flow to effectively separate garbage of different densities and shapes, and has the advantages of simple operation, low energy consumption and environmental protection.

[0003] The wind field intensity in existing wind-powered sorting equipment is relatively single. When the incoming materials fluctuate, it is not possible to accurately sort out light components such as plastics in domestic waste, resulting in a high mismatch rate between light and heavy components, affecting resource recovery and reuse. Existing wind-powered sorting equipment often has unstable phenomena during operation, such as channeling, dead zones, and backmixing. These problems not only affect the sorting effect, but also reduce the long-term operating reliability of the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing wind-powered sorting equipment often suffers from unstable sorting during operation, resulting in poor sorting effect.

[0005] The invention provides a domestic waste wind-powered sorting device, which improves the operating stability of the sorting device by arranging a guide plate and a backflow prevention device.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0007] A domestic waste wind sorting device, comprising:

[0008] A sorting bin, wherein the sorting bin is provided with a feed port, a first discharge port, a second discharge port and an air blowing port, wherein the second discharge port is provided at the top of the sorting bin, the air blowing port is arranged opposite to the second discharge port, and an air duct is formed between the air blowing port and the second discharge port;

[0009] A material guide plate, the material guide plate is air permeable and is located below the material feed port, the first material discharge port, and the second material discharge port;

[0010] An air inlet hopper is arranged below the material guide plate and blows air toward the material guide plate;

[0011] A guide plate, the guide plate is connected to the inner wall of the sorting bin, a guide surface is provided on the guide plate, a guide channel is formed between the guide surface and the inner wall of the sorting bin, and the guide channel is connected to the air duct;

[0012] The backflow prevention device is arranged in the air duct, and the cross-sectional area at the anti-flow guiding device in the air duct is smaller than that at other positions in the air duct.

[0013] Furthermore, the backflow prevention device is arranged near the connection point between the air duct and the guide channel.

[0014] Furthermore, a flow blocking surface is provided on the backflow prevention device, and the flow blocking surface is an arc-shaped surface protruding toward the other side of the connection surface between the backflow prevention device and the air duct.

[0015] Furthermore, the cross section of the guide channel gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0016] Furthermore, the guide surface is configured as a parabola-like curved surface protruding toward the material guiding plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the material guide plate is arranged obliquely in the sorting bin, the highest point of the material guide plate is arranged close to the feed port, and the lowest point of the material guide plate is arranged close to the first discharge port.

[0018] Furthermore, the angle between the guide plate and the horizontal plane is 15-25°.

[0019] Furthermore, a plurality of air inlet scoops are provided, and an end of the air inlet scoop with a larger end surface area is arranged toward the material guide plate.

[0020] Furthermore, an air distribution chamber is formed between each of the air inlet scoops and the material guide plate, and each of the air distribution chambers is equipped with a plurality of electromagnetic vibrators acting on the material guide plate.

[0021] Furthermore, a plurality of air guide plates are arranged in the air inlet hopper, and the upper ends of the air guide plates are inclined toward the direction of the feed inlet.

[0022] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, by adopting the synergistic effect of gradient wind force and the vibration of the air distribution plate, the equipment can significantly improve the sorting efficiency of light components such as plastics, thereby accelerating the processing speed of domestic garbage and meeting the high efficiency requirements for garbage treatment. Secondly, the present invention adopts electromagnetic excitation vibration technology to effectively enhance the looseness between materials, ensure that lightweight materials can be accurately separated during the sorting process, and avoid waste of resources caused by incomplete sorting. At the same time, through the design of the excitation flexible gas distribution plate, the clogging of materials in the sieve holes is effectively prevented, ensuring the smooth flow of air. Finally, the equipment is equipped with an anti-backflow device to reduce the generation of undesirable fluidization phenomena such as residual garbage, dead zones, and back mixing in the wind sorting equipment, ensure the uniformity and stability of the sorting environment, improve the operating reliability of the equipment, and reduce the probability of failure. Through the combination of these innovative designs, we strive to achieve efficient sorting and resource recovery of domestic garbage and contribute positive forces to sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Blowing unit; 11. Blower; 12. Air bag; 13. Air inlet pipe; 14. Connecting pipe; 15. Flow meter; 16. Pressure gauge; 17. Butterfly valve; 2. Sorting unit; 21. Sorting bin; 211. Feed inlet; 212. First discharge outlet; 213. Second discharge outlet; 214. Blowing outlet; 22. Feed guide plate; 23. Guide plate; 231. Air guide surface; 232. Guide surface; 24. Air inlet hopper; 25. Discharge port; 26. Guide channel; 27. Air duct; 28. Air guide plate; 3. Anti-backflow device; 31. Blocking surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] A domestic waste wind-powered sorting device comprises an air blowing unit, a sorting unit 2 and a backflow prevention device 3.

[0030] The sorting unit 2 includes a sorting bin 21, a feed guide plate 22, a guide plate 23, an air inlet scoop 24 and an anti-backflow device 3. The sorting bin is configured as a cylindrical body. The feed guide plate 22 is connected in the sorting bin 21. The feed guide plate 22 is tilted. The angle between the feed guide plate 22 and the horizontal plane is 15 to 25 degrees. The feed guide plate 22 is air-permeable. The feed guide plate 22 is an excitation-type flexible gas distribution plate. The sieve hole diameter of the excitation-type flexible gas distribution plate is 2 mm to 8 mm. A sorting chamber is provided in the sorting bin 21. The sorting chamber is located above the feed guide plate 22.

[0031] The air inlet scoop 24 is arranged in the sorting bin 21 and is located below the material guide plate 22. There are multiple air inlet scoops 24. The end of the air inlet scoop 24 with a larger end face area is arranged toward the material guide plate 22. An air distribution chamber is formed between each air inlet scoop 24 and the material guide plate 22. Each air distribution chamber is equipped with multiple electromagnetic vibrators for the material guide plate 22. The number of electromagnetic vibrators in each air distribution chamber is one to three. A plurality of air guide plates 28 are arranged in the air inlet hopper 24. The upper end of the air guide plate 28 is inclined toward the direction of the feed port 211, and the angle between the air guide plate 28 and the vertical plane is 0 to 10 degrees. The air guide plates 28 are arranged in the air inlet hopper 24. On the one hand, since the wind input into the air inlet hopper 24 is large and the wind speed is fast, the wind force may be concentrated in a certain area. The air guide plates 28 are added to prevent the wind force from being too concentrated and improve the uniformity of the air distribution. On the other hand, the air guide plates 28 blow the wind toward the feed port, thereby reducing the speed of the garbage moving along the guide plate 22 on the basis of ensuring that the garbage moves toward the top of the sorting bin 21, thereby improving the sorting effect.

[0032] The sorting bin 21 is provided with a feed port 211, a first discharge port 212 and a second discharge port 213, which are all arranged above the guide plate 22, wherein the feed port 211 is arranged near the highest point of the guide plate 22, the first discharge port 212 is arranged near the lowest point of the guide plate 22, and the second discharge port 213 is arranged at the top of the sorting bin 21, and is located on the same side of the sorting bin 21 as the first discharge port 212. The guide plate 22 is arranged tilted so that the garbage particles move along the guide plate 22 toward the first discharge port at a suitable speed, which can not only prevent the garbage from accumulating on the guide plate 22, but also enable the garbage to be fully sorted on the guide plate 22.

[0033] The sorting bin 21 is provided with a blowing port 214, and the sorting bin 21 is connected with a blower 11, the blower 11 is opposite to the blowing port 214, and the blowing port 214 is opposite to the second discharge port 213, and the line between the blowing port 214 and the second discharge port 213 is the blowing route, that is, the blowing port 214 and the feed port 211 are located on the same side of the sorting bin 21. The guide plate 23 is arranged in the sorting chamber 21, and the guide plate 23 is located between the feed port 211 and the second discharge port 213. The guide plate 23 is fixedly connected to the side of the sorting chamber where the feed port 211 is arranged. The guide plate 23 is provided with a guide surface 232 and a wind guide surface 231. The guide surface 232 is arranged as a parabolic arc surface protruding toward the guide plate 22. The wind guide surface 231 is parallel to the blowing route. The wind guide surface 231 is connected to one side of the sorting chamber where the feed port 211 is arranged, and the other end is connected to the guide surface 232. The end of the guide surface 232 away from the wind guide surface 231 is connected to the side of the sorting chamber where the feed port 211 is arranged. An air duct 27 with the blowing port 214 as the input end and the second discharge port 213 as the output end is formed between the air guide surface 231 and the top of the sorting chamber 21; a guide channel 26 with a cross-sectional area gradually decreasing from bottom to top is formed between the guide surface 232 and the inner wall of the sorting chamber 21, and a discharge port 25 for forming the guide channel 26 is arranged between the guide plate 23 and the side wall of the sorting chamber on which the second discharge port 213 is arranged.

[0034] The parabolic material guide plate 23 realizes the diameter change of the sorting chamber. The diameter of the sorting chamber becomes smaller as it moves upwards. The Bernoulli principle is used to realize that the light component material moves upward faster, which reduces the accumulation of light component materials inside the cylindrical sorting chamber and improves the stability of equipment operation.

[0035] The backflow prevention device 3 is connected to the top of the sorting bin 21. The backflow prevention device 3 is a quasi-circular block. The backflow prevention device 3 is located in the air duct 27 and is arranged close to the discharge port 25. A blocking surface 31 is arranged on the backflow prevention device 3. The blocking surface 31 is an arc-shaped surface protruding toward the discharge port 25. The cross-sectional area of ​​the anti-flow device in the air duct 27 is smaller than that of other positions of the air duct 27.

[0036] The blowing unit includes a blower 11, an air bag 12 and an air inlet pipe 13. A transmission pipe is connected between the blower 11 and the air bag 12. An air inlet pipe 13 is connected to the smaller end of each air inlet hopper 24. The air inlet pipe 13 runs through the sorting bin 21. Multiple air inlet pipes 13 are connected to the air bag 12 through the same connecting pipe 14. A butterfly valve 17 is connected to the connecting pipe 14 and each air inlet pipe 13. A flow meter 15 is connected to the connecting pipe 14, and a pressure gauge 16 is connected to the air inlet pipe 13.

[0037] The implementation principle of this application is:

[0038] First, the two blowers 11 are turned on to blow air toward the second discharge port 213 and the guide plate 22, respectively. Specifically, the blower 11 blows air toward the second discharge port 213 through the air duct 27; the blower 11 blows air toward the guide plate 22 through the air bag 12 and the air inlet hopper 24. Under the action of the air guide plate 28, the wind flows in the direction opposite to the flow direction of the garbage along the guide plate 22, which produces a certain resistance to the movement of the garbage toward the second discharge port 213, thereby slowing down the movement speed of the garbage and blowing the light garbage toward the discharge port 25.

[0039] The wind pressure gradient entering each wind pressure distribution unit is controlled by adjusting the butterfly valve 17, and the pressure condition is observed by the pressure gauge 16. The compressed gas enters the air distribution chamber and forms a uniform and stable wind pressure on the air guide plate 28 inside the pressure-stabilizing air distribution chamber.

[0040] It should be noted that under the action of the electromagnetic vibrator in each air distribution chamber, the guide plate 22 vibrates, and the vibration strengthens the dispersion between the light component materials and the heavy material components of domestic waste, reducing the chance of particle adhesion and agglomeration. At the same time, under the action of vibration, the covered light component materials are prompted to enter the surface of the domestic waste layer, thereby improving the recovery efficiency of the light material.

[0041] The light component materials such as plastic with a lower density float up, while the heavy component materials such as glass with a higher density move along the guide plate 22 and are discharged from the first discharge port 212, thereby realizing the efficient sorting of domestic waste materials; the light component materials obtained after sorting move toward the discharge port 25 along the parabolic material guide plate 23 arranged in the cylindrical shape, and under the action of the backflow prevention device 3, the light material will not move along the air duct 27 toward the blowing port 214 through the light group, but will be quickly discharged toward the second discharge port 213, thereby reducing the light component materials in the sorting process. The accumulation inside the chamber effectively reduces the generation of adverse sorting environments such as channel flow, dead zones, and back mixing, ensures a uniform and stable sorting environment, and improves the sorting accuracy. In addition, the cross-sectional area of ​​the air duct 27 at the baffle surface 31 is small, thereby enhancing the wind speed in the air duct 27 and improving the sorting speed. At the same time, the parabolic guide surface 232 realizes the diameter change of the sorting chamber. The further to the upper part of the sorting chamber, the smaller the diameter of the sorting chamber. The Bernoulli principle realizes that the light component material moves upward at a greater speed, which reduces the accumulation of light component materials inside the cylindrical sorting chamber and improves the stability of equipment operation.

[0042] In summary, multiple air distribution chambers are set in this application, and each air distribution chamber is individually provided with a corresponding pressure gauge 16 and a butterfly valve 17, so that the wind pressure input to the sorting chamber can be accurately adjusted according to the material characteristics, so as to achieve fine sorting of lightweight materials of different densities and shapes, and effectively avoid the problems of incomplete sorting and easy blockage of sorting. At the same time, electromagnetic excitation vibration is used to loosen the materials, which is conducive to the sorting of lightweight materials and heavy materials; electromagnetic excitation vibration can effectively prevent fine particles in domestic garbage from clogging the sieve holes of the excitation flexible gas distribution plate, and ensure the stable operation of the wind sorting equipment.

[0043] The setting of the parabolic protruding guide surface 232 on the guide plate 23 realizes the diameter change of the sorting chamber, strengthens the sorting wind pressure in the sorting chamber from bottom to top, and can realize the rapid discharge of light component materials; the guide plate 23 plays a role in guiding the light component materials to move along a predetermined path in the sorting chamber and be discharged from the second discharge port 213.

[0044] In addition, an anti-backflow unit is arranged in the air duct 27 to form a high wind pressure area between the anti-backflow port and the anti-backflow device 3, which effectively prevents the light component materials from accumulating in the upper left part of the wind sorting equipment, effectively reduces the generation of adverse sorting environments such as channel flow, dead zone, and back mixing, ensures a uniform and stable sorting environment, improves the sorting accuracy, solves the problem of poor stability of the wind sorting machine, reduces the accumulation of light component materials in the wind sorting equipment, and is beneficial to ensure the stable operation of the equipment; at the same time, the wind force generated by the anti-backflow blower 11 forms a negative pressure area in the front section of the light component material discharge port through the anti-backflow device, further enhancing the rapid discharge of light component materials.

[0045] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A domestic waste wind sorting device, characterized in that: include, A sorting bin (21), wherein the sorting bin (21) is provided with a feed port (211), a first discharge port (212), a second discharge port (213) and an air blowing port (214), wherein the second discharge port (213) is arranged at the top of the sorting bin (21), the air blowing port (214) is arranged opposite to the second discharge port (213), and an air duct (27) is formed between the air blowing port (214) and the second discharge port (213); A material guide plate (22), the material guide plate (22) is air permeable, and the material guide plate (22) is located below the material feed port (211), the first material discharge port (212), and the second material discharge port (213); An air inlet scoop (24), the air inlet scoop (24) being arranged below the material guide plate (22) and blowing air toward the material guide plate (22); a guide plate (23), the guide plate (23) being connected to the inner wall of the sorting bin (21), the guide plate (23) being provided with a guide surface (232), a guide channel (26) being formed between the guide surface (232) and the inner wall of the sorting bin (21), and the guide channel (26) being in communication with an air duct (27); A backflow prevention device (3), wherein the backflow prevention device (3) is arranged in an air duct (27), and the cross-sectional area at the anti-flow device in the air duct (27) is smaller than that at other positions in the air duct (27).

2. The domestic waste wind sorting equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The backflow prevention device (3) is arranged near the connection point between the air duct (27) and the flow guide channel (26).

3. The domestic waste wind sorting equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The backflow prevention device (3) is provided with a flow blocking surface (31), and the flow blocking surface (31) is an arc-shaped surface protruding toward the other side of the connection surface between the backflow prevention device (3) and the air duct (27).

4. The domestic waste wind sorting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the guide channel (26) gradually decreases from bottom to top.

5. The domestic waste wind sorting equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flow guide surface (232) is configured as a parabola-like arc surface protruding toward the material guide plate (22).

6. The domestic waste wind separation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide plate (22) is arranged obliquely in the sorting bin (21), the highest point of the guide plate (22) is arranged close to the feed port (211), and the lowest point of the guide plate (22) is arranged close to the first discharge port (212).

7. The domestic waste wind separation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the guide plate (22) and the horizontal plane is 15-25 degrees.

8. The domestic waste wind-powered sorting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of air inlet scoops (24) are provided, and an end of the air inlet scoop (24) with a larger end surface area is arranged toward the material guide plate (22).

9. The domestic waste wind-powered sorting equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: An air distribution chamber is formed between each of the air inlet scoops (24) and the material guide plate (22), and each of the air distribution chambers is provided with a plurality of electromagnetic vibrators acting on the material guide plate (22).

10. The domestic waste wind separation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of air guide plates (28) are arranged in the air inlet hopper (24), and the upper ends of the air guide plates (28) are arranged to be inclined in the direction of the feed port (211).

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