Automatic production equipment for low-speed shaft machining and feeding and discharging method thereof

Abstract

The low-speed shaft machining automatic production equipment comprises a truss (1), and a first lathe (2) and a second lathe (3) which are used for machining different shaft sections are correspondingly arranged at the two ends of the truss (1) respectively; the equipment further comprises a material table (4), the material table (4) is arranged between the first lathe (2) and the second lathe (3), a grabbing manipulator (5) is arranged on a track of the truss (1), an overturning table (6) is arranged on the side portion of one supporting column of the truss (1), a spot check table (7) is arranged on the side portion of the other supporting column of the truss (1), and the spot check table (7) is located between the material table (4) and the second lathe (3). The whole size is small, the device layout is compact, the working rhythm and the working time of a grabbing manipulator are reduced, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0002] The invention relates to the field of machining production lines, and in particular to a low-speed shaft machining automated production device and a loading and unloading method thereof. Background Art

[0003] The low-speed shaft is a key component in the reducer or transmission system for transmitting power from the high-speed shaft to the load end. The shaft body is processed by a lathe. The existing processing form is implemented in the form of a production line. For example, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN109396863A discloses a cutting processing intelligent manufacturing production line and its working method. The production line includes an industrial robot unit, a digital three-dimensional material warehouse, a processing unit and an intelligent production line master control system. The processing unit includes at least one processing equipment with a numerical control system. The industrial robot unit includes an industrial robot. The industrial robot includes a robot body and a robot fixture connected to the robot body. The digital three-dimensional material warehouse includes multiple bins, each bin is provided with an RFID electronic tag for recording the processing information of the bin workpiece, and the robot fixture is provided with an RFID read-write head for reading and writing RFID electronic tag information. The processing equipment, the industrial robot and the RFID read-write head are all connected to the intelligent production line master control system signal. In this type of manufacturing production line, the industrial robot is placed side by side with the machine tool, and the material table is set on one side of the industrial robot, which makes the entire production line occupy a larger space. This increases the movement rhythm of the industrial robot during operation, thereby increasing the movement time and reducing production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-speed shaft processing automated production device and a loading and unloading method thereof. The present invention has a small overall volume and a compact device layout, reduces the working beat and working time of the grabbing manipulator, and greatly improves production efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a low-speed shaft processing automated production equipment, comprising a truss, wherein a first lathe and a second lathe for processing different shaft segments are respectively arranged at both ends of the truss; the equipment also comprises: A material table, arranged between the first lathe and the second lathe, the material table being used to place the rough parts and finished parts of the low-speed shaft; A grabbing manipulator is arranged on the track of the truss, and the grabbing manipulator is used for loading and unloading workpieces in the first lathe and the second lathe; A turning table is arranged on the side of a supporting column of the truss, and the turning table is located between the material table and the first lathe, and the turning table is used to turn over the axis after processing on the first lathe; The sampling inspection table is arranged on the side of another supporting column of the truss, and the sampling inspection table is located between the material table and the second lathe. The sampling inspection table is used for sampling inspection of the quality of the shaft body after processing on the second lathe.

[0006] In the above-mentioned low-speed shaft processing automated production equipment, the material table includes a table arranged between a first lathe and a second lathe, a first sliding assembly is provided on both sides of the table, a second sliding assembly is provided on the table and between the first sliding assemblies on both sides, a first placing table for placing shaft blanks is provided on the moving end of the first sliding assembly, and a second placing table for placing shaft finished products is provided on the moving end of the second sliding assembly.

[0007] In the aforementioned low-speed shaft processing automated production equipment, the grasping robot includes a robot moving seat arranged on a truss, and the robot moving seat is provided with a transverse moving part and a longitudinal moving part; a moving adjustment component is provided at the end of the longitudinal moving part, and a steering component is provided at the moving end of the moving adjustment component, and workpiece clamps are provided at both ends of the steering part.

[0008] In the aforementioned low-speed shaft processing automated production equipment, the movable adjustment component includes a fixed plate group arranged at the end of the longitudinal moving part, a slider is provided under the fixed plate group, the lower part of the slider is cooperated and connected with a slide rail part, and the steering part is connected to the slide rail part; a cylinder fixed angle part is provided on the side of the fixed plate group, and an adjusting cylinder is provided at one end of the cylinder fixed angle part, and the protruding end of the adjusting cylinder is connected to the slide rail part via a connecting part.

[0009] In the aforementioned low-speed shaft processing automated production equipment, the steering part includes a side plate connected to the side of the slide rail part, a steering cylinder is provided at the lower part of the side plate, and a control rod group is connected to the protruding end of the steering cylinder; a positioning seat is provided at the lower part of the slide rail part, and a rotatable clamping jaw seat is connected to the lower end of the positioning seat via a bearing, and the workpiece clamping jaw is arranged in the clamping jaw seat; the control rod group is connected to the rotating shaft of the clamping jaw seat via a gear rack structure.

[0010] In the aforementioned low-speed shaft processing automated production equipment, both the first lathe and the second lathe are provided with automatic opening and closing doors.

[0011] In the aforementioned low-speed shaft processing automated production equipment, the automatic opening and closing door includes a fixed frame arranged on the upper part of the lathe, an opening and closing cylinder is provided on the side of the fixed frame, an opening and closing plate is provided at the opening of the fixed frame through a sliding assembly, and a rod group connecting seat is provided on the upper part of the opening and closing plate, and the protruding end of the opening and closing cylinder is connected to one end of the rod group connecting seat.

[0012] In the aforementioned loading and unloading method of the low-speed shaft processing automated production equipment, the specific steps are as follows: Step 1, the grabbing manipulator on the truss moves to the material table to grab the shaft blank, moves the shaft blank to the first lathe, and the shaft is processed for a period of time. The grabbing manipulator grabs the shaft workpiece that has completed a period of processing and replaces it with a new shaft blank. The shaft workpiece that has completed a period of processing is moved to the turning table to realize the rotation reversal of the shaft; Step 2, the grabbing robot moves the shaft on the turning table to the second lathe for second-stage processing of the shaft. After the processing is completed, the grabbing robot takes down the finished product and replaces it with the workpiece that has completed the first stage of processing. The finished product is placed on the material table; Step 3: During the entire processing and production process, the grabbing robot will grab the finished product and place it on the sampling inspection table for random inspection of product quality.

[0013] In the aforementioned loading and unloading method for automated production of low-speed shaft machining, when the first lathe and the second lathe are loading and unloading the shaft, the automatic opening and closing door will open, and after the workpiece is clamped, the grasping robot will move out and the automatic opening and closing door will close.

[0014] In the aforementioned loading and unloading method for automated production of low-speed shaft processing, during the entire processing process, the shaft blank is always placed on the first placement table of the material table, and the first placement table is position-adjusted through the moving end of the first sliding component, which is convenient for the grasping robot to perform grasping operations; the processed finished parts are placed on the second placement table of the material table, and the second placement table is position-adjusted through the moving end of the second sliding component, which is convenient for the storage and subsequent handling of the finished products.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. In the present invention, the grabbing robot on the truss moves to the material table to grab the shaft blank, moves the shaft blank to the first lathe, the shaft undergoes a stage of processing, the grabbing robot grabs the shaft workpiece that has completed a stage of processing, and replaces it with a new shaft blank, the shaft workpiece that has completed a stage of processing moves to the turning table to realize the rotation reversal of the shaft, the grabbing robot moves the shaft on the turning table to the second lathe for the second stage of processing of the shaft, after the processing is completed, the grabbing robot will take down the finished product, and then replace it with the workpiece that has completed a stage of processing, and the finished product is placed on the material table; the grabbing robot adopts the form of moving above the lathe, the spatial layout reduces the overall volume, and at the same time is more compact in structure, reducing the working beat and working time of the grabbing robot, and greatly improving production efficiency.

[0016] 2. The automatic opening and closing of the door can achieve a better sealing effect on the machine tool, and can prevent iron chips from flying out during shaft processing.

[0017] 3. In the existing lathe, the upper end of the chuck has a raised horizontal edge, and the workpiece clamp will touch the horizontal edge when entering longitudinally. Therefore, the position of the workpiece clamp can be moved by moving the adjustment component to avoid the horizontal edge and improve the flexibility of use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material platform; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the manipulator moving seat; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a steering member; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a mobile adjustment component; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an automatic opening and closing door; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a steering cylinder; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the positioning seat.

[0019] Explanation of the marks in the accompanying drawings: 1. Truss; 2. First lathe; 3. Second lathe; 4. Material table; 5. Grasping robot; 6. Turning table; 7. Inspection table; 8. Automatic opening and closing door; 41. Stand; 42. First sliding assembly; 43. Second sliding assembly; 44. First placement table; 45. Second placement table; 51. Robot moving seat; 52. Lateral moving member; 53. Longitudinal moving member; 54. Moving adjustment assembly; 55. Steering member; 56. Workpiece clamp; 541. Fixed plate group; 542. Sliding block; 543. Slide rail member; 544. Cylinder fixed angle member; 545. Adjusting cylinder; 551. Side plate; 552. Steering cylinder; 553. Control rod group; 554. Positioning seat; 555. Clamp seat; 81. Fixed frame; 82. Opening and closing cylinder; 83. Opening and closing plate; 84. Rod group connecting seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Embodiment: An automated production equipment for processing low-speed shafts includes a truss 1, and two ends of the truss 1 are respectively provided with a first lathe 2 and a second lathe 3 for processing different shaft segments; the equipment also includes: The material table 4 is arranged between the first lathe 2 and the second lathe 3. Figure 1 As shown, the material table 4 is used to place the rough parts and finished parts of the low-speed shaft; the material table 4 includes a stand 41 arranged between the first lathe 2 and the second lathe 3, as shown in the attached Figure 2As shown, a first sliding assembly 42 is provided on both sides of the platform 41, and a second sliding assembly 43 is provided between the first sliding assemblies 42 on both sides of the platform 41, and a first placement table 44 for placing the shaft blank is provided on the moving end of the first sliding assembly 42, and a second placement table 45 for placing the shaft finished part is provided on the moving end of the second sliding assembly 43, and the blank and the finished part are placed separately, and the height of the first placement table is higher than that of the second placement table. The positions of the first placement table and the second placement table are continuously changed by the sliding assembly, and the grasping manipulator is cooperated to grasp the blank or place the finished part. The placement table is provided with ribs with the same interval, and the shaft is mounted between adjacent ribs.

[0022] The grabbing manipulator 5 is arranged on the track of the truss 1, and the grabbing manipulator 5 is used for loading and unloading workpieces in the first lathe 2 and the second lathe 3; Figure 3 As shown, the grabbing robot 5 includes a robot moving seat 51 arranged on the truss 1, and a lateral moving member 52 and a longitudinal moving member 53 are installed on the robot moving seat 51. The lateral moving member and the longitudinal moving member adopt a gear rack structure to realize the movement of the parts; a moving adjustment component 54 is installed at the end of the longitudinal moving member 53, and a steering member 55 is installed at the moving end of the moving adjustment component 54. Workpiece clamps 56 are installed at both ends of the steering member 55. There are two bayonet holes in the workpiece clamp. The shaft sections grasped by the workpiece clamp in the first process and the second process are different, and the diameters of the two shaft sections are different. Therefore, two bayonet holes are set in the workpiece clamp, which can be suitable for the diameters of workpieces at different shaft sections, thereby improving the stability of grasping; the moving adjustment component 54 includes a fixed plate group 541 arranged at the end of the longitudinal moving member 53, as shown in the attached Figure 5 As shown, a slider 542 is installed under the fixed plate group 541, and a slide rail member 543 is connected to the lower part of the slider 542, and the steering member 55 is connected to the slide rail member 543; a cylinder fixed angle member 544 is installed on the side of the fixed plate group 541, and an adjusting cylinder 545 is installed at one end of the cylinder fixed angle member 544, and the protruding end of the adjusting cylinder 545 is connected to the slide rail member 543 via a connecting member. Because in the existing lathe, the upper end of the chuck has a raised horizontal edge, the workpiece clamp will touch the horizontal edge when entering longitudinally, so the position of the workpiece clamp can be moved by moving the adjusting component, thereby avoiding the horizontal edge and improving the flexibility of use. The specific action is to adjust the cylinder to drive the slide rail member to move, so that the position of the rotating member and the workpiece clamp moves, so as to avoid interference between the workpiece clamp and the horizontal edge.

[0023] The steering member 55 includes a side plate 551 connected to the side of the slide rail member 543. Figure 4 As shown, a steering cylinder 552 is installed at the lower part of the side plate 551. Figure 7As shown, the extended end of the steering cylinder 552 is connected to a control rod group 553; the lower part of the slide rail member 543 is provided with a positioning seat 554, as shown in the attached Figure 8 As shown, the lower end of the positioning seat 554 is connected to a rotatable clamping jaw seat 555 via a bearing, and the workpiece clamping jaw 56 is arranged in the clamping jaw seat 555; the control rod group 553 is connected to the rotating shaft of the clamping jaw seat 555 via a gear rack structure. The steering cylinder rotates the clamping jaw seat 90 degrees through the gear rack structure. The double workpiece clamping jaws are mainly used to facilitate the replacement of the shaft body, improve the convenience of loading and unloading the shaft body, and save the time of loading and unloading the shaft body.

[0024] The turning table 6 is arranged on the side of a supporting column of the truss 1, and the turning table 6 is located between the material table 4 and the first lathe 2. The turning table 6 is used to turn over the axis after the processing on the first lathe 2; the turning table mainly includes a supporting table connected to the side of a supporting column of the truss, a cylinder support is installed on the supporting table, a rotating cylinder is installed on the cylinder support, and a pneumatic gripper is installed on the rotating end of the rotating cylinder. After the grasping manipulator grasps a workpiece that has been processed, it is placed in the pneumatic gripper, and then the rotating cylinder rotates, the workpiece is turned over, and the second lathe will clamp the completed processed axis end; The sampling inspection table 7 is arranged on the side of another supporting column of the truss 1, and the sampling inspection table 7 is located between the material table 4 and the second lathe 3. The sampling inspection table 7 is used for sampling inspection of the quality of the shaft body after processing on the second lathe 3. The sampling inspection table is mainly composed of a mobile platform and a shaft frame. The semi-finished shaft body will be placed on the shaft frame, and then the mobile platform will move the shaft body outward to conduct quality inspection on the shaft body.

[0025] The first lathe 2 and the second lathe 3 are both provided with an automatic opening and closing door 8; the automatic opening and closing door 8 comprises a fixed frame 81 arranged on the upper part of the lathe, as shown in the attached Figure 6 As shown, an opening and closing cylinder 82 is installed on the side of the fixed frame 81, and an opening and closing plate 83 is installed at the opening of the fixed frame 81 through a sliding assembly. A rod group connecting seat 84 is installed on the upper part of the opening and closing plate 83. The protruding end of the opening and closing cylinder 82 is connected to one end of the rod group connecting seat 84. The opening and closing cylinder can control the movement of the opening and closing plate to open or close the opening in the fixed frame, thereby effectively sealing the processing space in the lathe and reducing the splash of iron filings or liquids.

[0026] The specific steps of the loading and unloading method of the low-speed shaft processing automated production equipment are as follows: Step 1, the grabbing robot 5 on the truss 1 moves along the track to the material table 4, grabs the shaft blank placed on the first placement table 44 of the material table 4 through its workpiece clamp 56, and then the grabbing robot 5 moves according to the preset path to transfer the shaft blank to the first lathe 2; after the shaft completes a section of processing in the first lathe 2, the grabbing robot 5 moves again, uses the workpiece clamp 56 to grab the shaft workpiece that has completed a section of processing, and at the same time places the new shaft blank to the clamping position of the first lathe 2; thereafter, the grabbing robot 5 transfers the shaft workpiece that has completed a section of processing to the turning table 6, and the rotating cylinder of the turning table 6 drives the pneumatic clamp to drive the shaft to rotate 180° to achieve the rotation reversal of the shaft; Step 2: After the shaft reversing operation is completed, the grabbing robot 5 transfers the shaft on the turning table 6 to the second lathe 3 for the second stage of processing of the shaft; after the second lathe 3 completes the processing, the grabbing robot 5 takes the processed finished product and places it on the second placement table 45 of the material table 4, and then grabs the workpiece that has completed the first stage of processing from the material table 4 and places it in the second lathe 3 for subsequent processing; Step 3. During the entire processing and production process, according to the preset sampling rules, the grabbing robot 5 will grab the semi-finished shaft body and transfer it to the shaft frame of the sampling inspection table 7 after completing the unloading operation of the second lathe 3. The mobile platform of the sampling inspection table 7 moves the semi-finished shaft body outward to carry out quality sampling inspection on the shaft body.

[0027] When the first lathe 2 and the second lathe 3 are performing the shaft loading and unloading operation, the opening and closing cylinder 82 of the automatic opening and closing door 8 of the lathe drives the opening and closing plate 83 to open the automatic opening and closing door 8. After the grabbing manipulator 5 places the shaft blank or the workpiece that has been processed for a period of time at the lathe clamping position and completes the clamping operation, the grabbing manipulator 5 moves out of the lathe processing area along the track. At this time, the opening and closing cylinder 82 of the automatic opening and closing door 8 drives the opening and closing plate 83 in the reverse direction to close the automatic opening and closing door 8 and seal the lathe processing area.

[0028] During the entire processing flow, the shaft blank is always placed on the first placement table 44 of the material table 4, and the first placement table 44 is position-adjusted through the moving end of the first sliding component 42, which is convenient for the grasping robot 5 to perform grasping operations; the processed finished parts are placed on the second placement table 45 of the material table 4, and the second placement table 45 is position-adjusted through the moving end of the second sliding component 43, which is convenient for the storage and subsequent handling of the finished products.

[0029] To sum up, the present invention adopts a grasping robot with a truss structure, and the grasping robot moves above the lathe, which reduces the volume of the overall device, makes the layout more compact, reduces the working rhythm and working time of the grasping robot, and greatly improves production efficiency.

Claims

1. An automated production equipment for processing low-speed shafts, comprising a truss (1), wherein two ends of the truss (1) are respectively provided with a first lathe (2) and a second lathe (3) for processing different shaft sections; the equipment is characterized in that: The device also includes: A material table (4) is arranged between the first lathe (2) and the second lathe (3), and the material table (4) is used to place the rough parts and finished parts of the low-speed shaft; A grabbing robot (5) is arranged on a track of the truss (1), and the grabbing robot (5) is used for loading and unloading workpieces in the first lathe (2) and the second lathe (3); A turning table (6) is arranged on the side of a supporting column of the truss (1), and the turning table (6) is located between the material table (4) and the first lathe (2), and the turning table (6) is used to turn over the axis after processing on the first lathe (2); The sampling inspection table (7) is arranged on the side of another supporting column of the truss (1), and the sampling inspection table (7) is located between the material table (4) and the second lathe (3). The sampling inspection table (7) is used for sampling and inspecting the quality of the shaft body after processing on the second lathe (3).

2. The low-speed shaft processing automation production equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material table (4) comprises a platform (41) arranged between the first lathe (2) and the second lathe (3), first sliding assemblies (42) are arranged on both sides of the platform (41), a second sliding assembly (43) is arranged on the platform (41) and between the first sliding assemblies (42) on both sides, a first placement table (44) for placing a shaft blank is arranged on the movable end of the first sliding assembly (42), and a second placement table (45) for placing a shaft finished product is arranged on the movable end of the second sliding assembly (43).

3. The low-speed shaft processing automation production equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The grabbing robot (5) comprises a robot moving seat (51) arranged on the truss (1), and a transverse moving member (52) and a longitudinal moving member (53) are provided on the robot moving seat (51); a moving adjustment component (54) is provided at the end of the longitudinal moving member (53), a steering member (55) is provided at the moving end of the moving adjustment component (54), and workpiece clamping claws (56) are provided at both ends of the steering member (55).

4. The low-speed shaft processing automation production equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The movable adjustment component (54) comprises a fixed plate group (541) arranged at the end of the longitudinal movable member (53); a slider (542) is arranged below the fixed plate group (541); a slide rail member (543) is cooperatively connected to the lower portion of the slider (542); and the steering member (55) is connected to the slide rail member (543); a cylinder fixed angle member (544) is arranged on the side of the fixed plate group (541); an adjusting cylinder (545) is arranged at one end of the cylinder fixed angle member (544); and a protruding end of the adjusting cylinder (545) is connected to the slide rail member (543) via a connecting member.

5. The low-speed shaft processing automation production equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The steering member (55) comprises a side plate (551) connected to the side of the slide rail member (543); a steering cylinder (552) is provided at the lower part of the side plate (551); the extended end of the steering cylinder (552) is connected to a control rod group (553); a positioning seat (554) is provided at the lower part of the slide rail member (543); the lower end of the positioning seat (554) is connected to a rotatable clamping claw seat (555) via a bearing; the workpiece clamping claw (56) is arranged in the clamping claw seat (555); and the control rod group (553) is connected to the rotating shaft of the clamping claw seat (555) via a gear rack structure.

6. The low-speed shaft processing automation production equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first lathe (2) and the second lathe (3) are both provided with automatic opening and closing doors (8).

7. The low-speed shaft processing automation production equipment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The automatic opening and closing door (8) comprises a fixed frame (81) arranged on the upper part of the lathe, an opening and closing cylinder (82) is provided on the side of the fixed frame (81), an opening of the fixed frame (81) is provided with an opening and closing plate (83) via a sliding assembly, a rod group connecting seat (84) is provided on the upper part of the opening and closing plate (83), and a protruding end of the opening and closing cylinder (82) is connected to one end of the rod group connecting seat (84).

8. The loading and unloading method of the low-speed shaft processing automated production equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1, the grabbing manipulator on the truss moves to the material table to grab the shaft blank, moves the shaft blank to the first lathe, and the shaft is processed for a period of time. The grabbing manipulator grabs the shaft workpiece that has completed a period of processing and replaces it with a new shaft blank. The shaft workpiece that has completed a period of processing is moved to the turning table to realize the rotation reversal of the shaft; Step 2, the grabbing robot moves the shaft on the turning table to the second lathe for second-stage processing of the shaft. After the processing is completed, the grabbing robot takes down the finished product and replaces it with the workpiece that has completed the first stage of processing. The finished product is placed on the material table; Step 3: During the entire production process, the gripping robot will grab the semi-finished shaft and place it on the sampling inspection table for random inspection of product quality.

9. The loading and unloading method for automated production of low-speed shaft machining according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the first lathe and the second lathe are loading and unloading the shaft, the automatic opening and closing door is opened. After the workpiece is clamped, the grabbing robot is moved out and the automatic opening and closing door is closed.

10. The loading and unloading method for automated production of low-speed shaft machining according to claim 8, characterized in that: During the entire processing flow, the shaft blank is always placed on the first placement table of the material table, and the first placement table is position-adjusted through the moving end of the first sliding component, which is convenient for the grasping robot to perform grasping operations; the finished parts are placed on the second placement table of the material table, and the second placement table is position-adjusted through the moving end of the second sliding component, which is convenient for the storage and subsequent handling of the finished products.

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