Fruit multi-pose pneumatic conveying automatic monitoring and collecting device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a fruit multi-pose pneumatic conveying automatic monitoring and collecting device. Comprising a rack, a collecting assembly and a conveying assembly are arranged on the rack, a fan assembly is arranged behind the rack, the rear end of the conveying assembly is communicated with the front end of the collecting assembly, the rear end of the collecting assembly is communicated with the fan assembly, and the fan assembly can generate airflow and form negative pressure in the collecting assembly; according to the fruit conveying device, fruits are conveyed in a pneumatic conveying mode, the movement state of the fruits, the conveying time and the air speed in the conveying pipeline can be recorded in the conveying process, and therefore the air speed in the conveying pipeline can be adjusted in real time according to the conveying effect of the fruits; the structural design of the collecting assembly can reduce damage to the fruits in the collecting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to an automatic monitoring and collecting device for pneumatic conveying of fruits in multiple postures. Background Art

[0002] China has a long tradition of fruit tree planting and rich fruit resources. In recent years, due to the rapid development of the fruit industry, the annual output of fruits has continued to rise. In the post-harvest processing of fruits, transportation is an important link. The common way of fruit transportation is electric conveyor belt transportation. However, on the one hand, due to the complex structure and high cost of electric conveyor belts, the conveying speed is limited by the motor speed; on the other hand, the conveyed fruits are prone to fall and damage when falling into the collection box. Therefore, a new type of fruit conveying device with low cost, high efficiency and low damage is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fruit multi-posture pneumatic conveying automated monitoring and collection test device and control method to solve the problems of fruit conveying: how to quickly convey fruit, how to monitor the state of fruit during conveyance, how to adjust the air force according to the fruit conveying state, how to collect the conveyed fruit, and how to reduce damage during the collection process.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A fruit multi-position pneumatic conveying automatic monitoring and collecting device comprises a frame, a collecting component and a conveying component are arranged on the frame, a fan component is arranged at the rear of the frame, the rear end of the conveying component is connected with the front end of the collecting component, and the rear end of the collecting component is connected with the fan component, and the fan component can generate airflow and form negative pressure in the collecting component;

[0006] The collecting assembly comprises a bottomless box body formed by an upper front plate, a lower front plate, a side plate, an upper plate, and a rear plate. Inside the box body, the upper plate is fixedly connected to a vertically arranged isolation plate A, the isolation plate A is fixedly connected at its bottom to an isolation plate B inclined toward the rear plate, the isolation plate B is fixedly connected at its bottom to an isolation plate C also inclined toward the rear plate, and the inclination angle of the isolation plate C is greater than the inclination angle of the isolation plate B;

[0007] The lower front plate and the upper front plate are both arranged vertically, the lower front plate is closer to the rear plate than the upper front plate, a vertical middle partition is arranged inside the box, the top end of the middle partition is located below the top end of the lower front plate, the top end of the middle partition is provided with an upper blade that can rotate with the top end of the middle partition as the center of a circle, the top end of the lower front plate is fixedly connected with an inclined plate inclined downward, and in an initial state, the movable end of the upper blade falls on the upper surface of the inclined plate;

[0008] Horizontal lower blades are respectively provided on both sides of the middle partition, and the lower blades can rotate in a vertical plane with their midpoints as the center of the circle. The height of the lower blades in a horizontal state is higher than the bottom end of the middle partition, and the spacing between the two lower blades and the lower front plate / rear plate, as well as the spacing between each lower blade and the middle partition are sufficient to prevent fruits from passing through;

[0009] The spacing between the isolation plate A, isolation plate B, isolation plate C, the upper blade, and the two lower blades and the two side plates is sufficient to prevent fruits from passing through;

[0010] A proximity switch A is also provided in the box, and the proximity switch A is used to assist the upper blade to rotate 90°;

[0011] A fruit frame is provided below the box body.

[0012] Further, the conveying assembly comprises a conveying pipeline, and the rear end of the conveying pipeline is mounted on the upper front plate;

[0013] An electric clamp for clamping fruits is arranged at the front end of the conveying pipeline.

[0014] Furthermore, a wind speed sensor is provided on the conveying pipeline, and the wind speed sensor senses the wind speed in the conveying pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, a high-speed camera is provided on the conveying pipeline, and the high-speed camera obtains real-time images of the fruit when it is conveyed in the conveying pipeline.

[0016] Furthermore, a photoelectric switch is provided at the rear end of the conveying pipeline, and the photoelectric switch obtains a time signal when the fruit leaves the conveying pipeline, and the electric clamp sends a time signal when the fruit enters the conveying pipeline.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention uses pneumatic conveying to transport fruits, and can record the movement state of the fruits, the conveying time and the wind speed in the conveying pipeline during the conveying process, so that the wind speed in the conveying pipeline can be adjusted in real time according to the conveying effect of the fruits. The structure of the collecting component can reduce the damage suffered by the fruits during the collection process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a fan assembly of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3-Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection component of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5-Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the rotation of blades in the collection assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the conveying assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9-11 It is a schematic diagram of the process of pneumatically conveying fruit bunches when the inlet of the conveying pipeline of the present invention is at different heights;

[0025] Reference numerals: 1-fan assembly; 2-collection assembly; 3-conveying assembly; 4-frame; 5-fan; 6-motor; 7-fan frame; 8-intake duct; 9-flange A; 10-flange B; 11-connection block; 12-box frame connection block; 13-upper plate; 14-upper front plate; 15-lower front plate; 16-transverse plate; 17-inclined plate; 18-rear plate; 19-side plate; 20-isolation plate A; 21-isolation plate B; 22-isolation plate C; 23-upper blades; 24-lower blade; 25-bearing seat; 26-proximity switch A; 27-proximity switch B; 28-57 stepper motor; 29-57 stepper motor seat; 30-86 stepper motor; 31-86 stepper motor seat; 32-coupling; 33-middle partition; 34-fruit frame; 35-conveying pipeline; 36-wind speed sensor; 37-high-speed camera; 38-photoelectric switch; 39-conveying pipeline rack; 40-electric gripper; 41-electric gripper rack; 42-computer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1-11 As shown, the fruit multi-position pneumatic conveying automatic monitoring and collecting device described in the present invention includes a frame 4, on which a conveying component 3 and a collecting component 2 are sequentially arranged, and a fan component 1 is also arranged at the rear of the frame 4.

[0028] The fan assembly 1 includes a fan 5, a motor 6, a fan frame 7 and an air intake duct 8, wherein the fan 5 is transmission-connected to the motor 6, the motor 6 is mounted on the fan frame 7 by bolts, and the air intake duct 8 is directly sleeved on the fan 5, thereby the fan 5 can provide air power for the whole machine.

[0029] The collecting assembly 2 includes flange A9, flange B10, connecting block 11, box frame connecting block 12, upper plate 13, upper front plate 14, lower front plate 15, transverse plate 16, inclined plate 178, rear plate 18, side plate 19, isolation plate A20, isolation plate B21, isolation plate C22, upper blade 23, lower blade 24, bearing seat 25, proximity switch A26, proximity switch B27, 57 stepper motor 28, 57 stepper motor seat 29, 86 stepper motor 30, 86 stepper motor seat 31, coupling 32, middle partition 33 and fruit frame 34.

[0030] Specifically, the upper front panel 14 , the lower front panel 15 , the side panel 19 , the rear panel 18 and the upper panel 13 together form a bottomless box structure, wherein the lower front panel 15 is retracted a certain distance toward the inside of the box compared to the upper front panel 14 , and the bottom of the upper front panel 14 and the top of the lower front panel 15 are connected by a cross panel 16 .

[0031] Flange A9 is bolted to the top of the upper plate 13, flange B10 is bolted to the outside of the upper front plate 14, and side plates 19 are bolted to the left and right sides of the upper plate 13 through connecting blocks 11. Inside the box, a vertically arranged isolation plate A20 is installed on the upper plate 13, and the isolation plate A20 is fixedly connected to an isolation plate B21 tilted toward the rear plate 18 at the bottom, and the isolation plate B21 is fixedly connected to an isolation plate C22 tilted toward the rear plate 18 at the bottom, wherein the tilt angle of isolation plate C22 is greater than the tilt angle of isolation plate B21. Isolation plates A20, B21, and C22 are also connected to side plates 19 through connecting blocks 11.

[0032] Three bearing seats 25 are also provided in the housing. The first bearing seat 25 is located in the middle of the lower front plate 15 and the rear plate 18, and its height does not exceed the bottom end of the isolation plate C22. The second and third bearing seats 25 are located on both sides of the first bearing seat 25 at equal intervals. The upper blade 23 is installed on the first bearing seat 25, and there are two lower blades 24, which are installed on the second and third bearing seats 25 respectively. The difference is that the upper blade 23 is installed on the bearing seat 25 at the end, while the lower blade 24 is installed on the bearing seat 25 in the middle. Therefore, the upper blade 23 can rotate with the first bearing seat 25 as the center, and the lower blade 24 can rotate with the second / third bearing seat 25 as the center.

[0033] The inclined plate 17 is provided at the top end of the lower front plate 15 , and is inclined downward so that the outer ends of the upper blades 23 can just rest on the upper surface of the inclined plate 17 in the initial state.

[0034] The proximity switch A26 is installed on the inner side of the side panel 19, and its position is close to the isolation plate C22. It is mainly used to assist the upper blade 23 to rotate 90°, so that when the upper blade 23 rotates 90° from the initial position toward the direction of the proximity switch A, the distance between the upper blade 23 and the isolation plate C22 cannot pass the fruit.

[0035] There are two proximity switches B27, which are respectively installed on the inner side of the lower front plate 15 and the rear plate 18, and are respectively used to assist the rotation of the two lower blades 24. In the initial state, the two lower blades 24 block the bottom of the box, that is, their lengths are sufficient to basically cover the distance between the lower front plate 15 / rear plate 18 and the middle partition 33, so that the fruit cannot pass through. With the assistance of the proximity switch B27, the lower blades 24 can rotate 360°, so that the fruit can pass through the second / third bearing seat 25 to reach the bottom of the box.

[0036] The 57 stepper motor 28 is mounted on the 57 stepper motor seat 29 by bolts, the 57 stepper motor 28 is connected to the upper blade 23 by a coupling 32, and the 57 stepper motor seat 29 is mounted on the frame 4 by bolts. The 86 stepper motor 30 is mounted on the 86 stepper motor seat 31 by bolts, and the 86 stepper motor 30 is connected to the lower blade 24 by a coupling 32. The 86 stepper motor seat 31 is also mounted on the frame 4 by bolts.

[0037] The conveying assembly 3 includes a conveying pipe 35, which is connected to the flange A9. An electric gripper 40 for gripping fruits is provided at the front end of the conveying pipe 35. A wind speed sensor 36 and a high-speed camera 37 are also provided on the conveying pipe 35. The wind speed sensor 365 is used to sense the wind speed in the conveying pipe 35, and the high-speed camera 37 is used to obtain a real-time image of the fruit when it is transported in the conveying pipe 35. The conveying pipe frame 39 is sleeved on the end of the conveying pipe 35 and fixed to the frame 4 by bolts. The electric gripper 40 is connected to the electric gripper frame 41 by bolts, and the electric gripper frame 41 is connected to the frame 4 by bolts. An external human-machine interaction device, such as a computer 42, can also be set on the frame 4.

[0038] like Fig. 9 , 10 As shown in Figures 11, by replacing the conveying pipe 35 and adjusting the inlet pipe of the conveying pipe 35, the pneumatic conveying state of the fruit in different postures can be studied.

[0039] A photoelectric switch 38 is provided at the rear end of the conveying pipe 35 , which is used to obtain a time signal when the fruit leaves the conveying pipe 35 . At the same time, the electric clamp 40 can send a time signal when the fruit enters the conveying pipe 35 .

[0040] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0041] First, place the fruit on the electric clamp 40, turn on the fan assembly 1, detect the wind speed in the conveying pipeline 35 through the wind speed sensor 36, and adjust the fan assembly 1 so that the wind speed reaches the target value. Then open the electric clamp 40 to release the fruit, and obtain and send a time signal when the fruit enters the conveying pipeline. The high-speed camera 37 shoots the conveying state of the fruit in the conveying pipeline 35, and the photoelectric switch 38 obtains the time when the fruit leaves the conveying pipeline 35. According to the time signal of the fruit entering the conveying pipeline 35 and the time signal of leaving the conveying pipeline 35, the conveying time of the fruit in the conveying pipeline 35 is obtained. The conveying time of the fruit in the conveying pipeline 35 and the image during the conveying are displayed by computer visualization, and the conveyed fruit is counted.

[0042] After the fruit is transported to the collection assembly 2 by air force, the fruit first hits the isolation plate A20, isolation plate B21 and isolation plate C22. Since the three have a certain inclination angle, the fruit can be prevented from directly hitting the wall of the collection assembly 2, reducing the collision force. Subsequently, the fruit slides along the upper blade 23 to the lower blade 24 on one side. The cooperation of the upper blade 23 and the lower blade 24 reduces the falling height of the fruit. The upper blade 23 and the lower blade 24 can be provided with ventilation slots, so that the fruit can be cushioned by airflow.

[0043] When the fruits are fully collected in the collection assembly 2, the proximity switch A26 rotates 90°, and the upper blade 23 is positioned by the proximity switch A26 so that it rotates to a predetermined position. Subsequently, the fully collected fruits will fall along the upper blade 23 onto the lower blade 24 on the other side, and the lower blade 24 rotates 360° to release the fruits into the fruit frame 34. The lower blade 24 can be positioned by the proximity switch B27 so that it rotates to a predetermined position. The cooperation between the upper blade 23 and the lower blade 24 can make the fruits fall evenly into the fruit frame 34.

Claims

1. An automatic monitoring and collecting device for pneumatic conveying of fruits in multiple positions, characterized in that: The machine comprises a frame, a collecting assembly and a conveying assembly are arranged on the frame, a fan assembly is arranged at the rear of the frame, a rear end of the conveying assembly is connected to a front end of the collecting assembly, and a rear end of the collecting assembly is connected to the fan assembly, and the fan assembly can generate airflow and form a negative pressure in the collecting assembly; The collecting assembly comprises a bottomless box body formed by an upper front plate, a lower front plate, a side plate, an upper plate, and a rear plate. Inside the box body, the upper plate is fixedly connected to a vertically arranged isolation plate A, the isolation plate A is fixedly connected at its bottom to an isolation plate B inclined toward the rear plate, the isolation plate B is fixedly connected at its bottom to an isolation plate C also inclined toward the rear plate, and the inclination angle of the isolation plate C is greater than the inclination angle of the isolation plate B; The lower front plate and the upper front plate are both arranged vertically, the lower front plate is closer to the rear plate than the upper front plate, a vertical middle partition is arranged inside the box, the top end of the middle partition is located below the top end of the lower front plate, the top end of the middle partition is provided with an upper blade that can rotate with the top end of the middle partition as the center of a circle, the top end of the lower front plate is fixedly connected with an inclined plate inclined downward, and in an initial state, the movable end of the upper blade falls on the upper surface of the inclined plate; Horizontal lower blades are respectively provided on both sides of the middle partition, and the lower blades can rotate in a vertical plane with their midpoints as the center of the circle. The height of the lower blades in a horizontal state is higher than the bottom end of the middle partition, and the spacing between the two lower blades and the lower front plate / rear plate, as well as the spacing between each lower blade and the middle partition are sufficient to prevent fruits from passing through; The spacing between the isolation plate A, isolation plate B, isolation plate C, the upper blade, and the two lower blades and the two side plates is sufficient to prevent fruits from passing through; A proximity switch A is also provided in the box, and the proximity switch A is used to assist the upper blade to rotate 90°; A fruit frame is arranged below the box body.

2. The automatic monitoring and collecting device for pneumatic conveying of fruits in multiple positions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The conveying assembly comprises a conveying pipeline, the rear end of which is mounted on the upper front plate; An electric clamp for clamping fruits is arranged at the front end of the conveying pipeline.

3. The automatic monitoring and collecting device for pneumatic conveying of fruits in multiple positions according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The conveying pipeline is also provided with a wind speed sensor, which senses the wind speed in the conveying pipeline.

4. The automatic monitoring and collecting device for pneumatic conveying of fruits in multiple positions according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The conveying pipeline is also provided with a high-speed camera, which obtains real-time images of the fruit when it is conveyed in the conveying pipeline.

5. The automatic monitoring and collecting device for pneumatic conveying of fruits in multiple positions according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A photoelectric switch is provided at the rear end of the conveying pipeline, and the photoelectric switch obtains a time signal when the fruit leaves the conveying pipeline, and the electric clamp sends a time signal when the fruit enters the conveying pipeline.

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