Automatic speed changing assembly and electric capstan with automatic speed changing function

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic speed changing assembly and an electric capstan with an automatic speed changing function. The automatic speed changing assembly can be achieved by controlling a planetary gear mechanism or a fixed shaft gear mechanism through a mechanical mechanism, power can be transmitted through a transmission mechanism with the small transmission ratio when the load is small, and high efficiency is obtained on the premise that the dynamic property is met. When the load is large, power is transmitted through the transmission mechanism with the large transmission ratio, speed reduction and torque increase are achieved to the maximum extent, and the working requirement is met. According to the automatic speed changing assembly and the electric capstan with the automatic speed changing function, the automatic speed changing function can be achieved under the condition that no electric control element is used, and reliability is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of transmission or traction equipment, in particular to an automatic speed change component and an electric winch with automatic speed change function. Background Art

[0002] Gear transmission is widely used. Usually, in order to reduce the power requirement to be too high, a gear mechanism with a large transmission ratio is used when the load is heavy, and a gear mechanism with a small transmission ratio is used when the load is light. In load-changing scenarios, a large transmission ratio is also used based on the principle of the highest ratio to meet the requirements of heavy load conditions.

[0003] Electric winch is a machine that uses a motor to drive a drum through a gear mechanism to wind a wire rope or nylon rope around the drum to complete the traction operation. Electric winches are commonly used in construction sites, ship docks, car traction, fire rescue and other fields.

[0004] Most of the existing electric winches do not have a speed-changing function, and the few electric winches with a speed-changing function require manual or remote control operation to achieve the speed-changing effect, which is relatively inconvenient to use. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to at least partially overcome the defects of the prior art and to provide an automatic transmission assembly that can adaptively adjust the transmission ratio according to different loads, thereby automatically changing speeds.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is also to provide an electric winch with an automatic speed change function, which can work with a small transmission ratio when the load is small, quickly reel in or release the rope, and improve efficiency according to different working conditions and loads of the winch, and automatically switch to a large transmission ratio when the load is large to meet the load requirements.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose or one of the purposes, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An automatic transmission assembly, comprising: an inner drive element and an outer drive element, wherein the inner drive element is configured to be connected to an actuating device for inputting an actuating force; the outer drive element is sleeved on the inner drive element, and the outer drive element and the inner drive element are movably connected, so that the outer drive element can be driven to rotate under the drive of the inner drive element, and the movably connected outer drive element and the inner drive element allows the outer drive element to move axially along the longitudinal axis of the inner drive element between a first position and a second position relative to the inner drive element; A gear shift assembly, a power output element, the gear shift assembly comprises an input element and an output element, the input element of the gear shift assembly is arranged on one side of the outer drive element along the longitudinal axis of the inner drive element, and is movably connected with the outer drive element, so that under the drive of the outer drive element, the input element of the gear shift assembly can be driven to rotate, and the movably connected input element of the gear shift assembly and the outer drive element allows the outer drive element to move axially along the longitudinal axis of the inner drive element between a first position and a second position relative to the inner drive element; the output element of the gear shift assembly is configured to be separated from the power output element at the first position of the outer drive element and to be combined with the power output element at the second position of the outer drive element; A drive disc, the drive disc is arranged on the other side of the outer drive element along the longitudinal axis of the inner drive element, and the drive disc is movably connected to the outer drive element so that the drive disc can be driven to rotate under the drive of the outer drive element, and the drive disc is configured to be able to combine with the power output element at a first position of the outer drive element and to be separated from the power output element at a second position of the outer drive element.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner driving element comprises a central portion and at least one protruding portion protruding outward from the central portion, and the outer driving element is provided with a central groove and a groove portion corresponding to the protruding portion, the central groove is used to accommodate the central portion, and the groove portion is used to accommodate the protruding portion; The dimension of the groove portion along the circumference of the outer driving element is greater than the dimension of the protrusion portion along the circumference of the inner driving element, so that the protrusion can rotate around the axis of the inner driving element in the groove portion.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner driving element comprises a plurality of protrusions which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner driving element; correspondingly, the outer driving element comprises a plurality of grooves which are evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the protruding portions is three, and the number of the recessed portions is three.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protrusion includes at least a first curved surface, and the groove portion includes at least a second curved surface at a position corresponding to the first curved surface of the protrusion, and the shapes of the first curved surface and the second curved surface match, so that the rotational movement of the protrusion in the groove portion around the axis of the inner driving element can cause the outer driving element to move axially along the longitudinal axis of the inner driving element.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first curved surface / second curved surface is arranged on the surface of the protruding portion / grooved portion, including the end surface, the side surface, etc.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first curved surface / second curved surface is a slope, a plane, a sphere, an ellipsoid, a cylinder, a cone, a parabola, a spiral surface, a hyperboloid, or a combination of the above curved surfaces.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an elastic element A is provided on a side of the drive disc facing the inner drive element, and the elastic element A biases the drive disc toward the power output element.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the elastic element A is a wave spring, a disc spring, a coil spring, or a rubber elastic member.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the movable connection between the drive plate and the outer drive element allows the drive plate to move axially relative to the inner drive element along the longitudinal axis of the inner drive element.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an elastic element B is provided on a side of the outer driving element facing the input member of the gear transmission assembly, and the elastic element B biases the outer driving element toward the inner driving element; a connecting portion including a separation feature is provided on an end surface of the outer driving element on a side facing the driving disk, and a matching connecting portion including a separation feature is provided on the driving disk, the connecting portion on the outer driving element can be combined with the connecting portion on the driving disk, so that the driving disk can be driven to rotate under the drive of the outer driving element, and can move axially relative to the inner driving element along the longitudinal axis of the inner driving element; the separation feature enables the axial movement of the outer driving element from the first position to the second position to be divided into two parts, a first part in which the driving disk maintains an axial position unchanged while the outer driving element moves axially, and a second part in which the outer driving element drives the driving disk to move axially at the same time.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes an elastic element C; a connecting portion is provided on the end surface of the outer driving element on the side facing the driving disk, and a matching connecting portion is provided on the driving disk, the connecting portion on the outer driving element can be combined with the connecting portion on the driving disk, so that the driving disk can be driven to rotate under the drive of the outer driving element, and can move axially relative to the inner driving element along the longitudinal axis of the inner driving element; the elastic element C is arranged between the connecting portion of the outer driving element and the connecting portion of the driving disk, the generatrix of the connecting portion includes a straight line segment and a curved line segment, the elastic element C is configured to be able to elastically deform at the intersection of the straight line segment and the curved line segment of the connecting portion, so that the outer driving element stably works in the first position, when the outer driving element moves from the first position to the second position, the elastic element C further elastically deforms and enters the curved line segment until it is stuck between the connecting portion of the outer driving element and the connecting portion of the driving disk, and then the outer driving element drives the driving disk to move together through the stuck elastic element C.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a coupling element, which is configured to be able to rotate freely around its own axis and is relatively fixed to the outer drive element in the axial direction of the outer drive element; there is a coupling portion on the coupling element, the power output element is provided with a coupling portion on the side facing the coupling element, and the output member of the gear change assembly is provided with a coupling portion on the side facing the coupling element; the coupling portion is configured so that in a first position of the outer drive element, the coupling element is engaged with the power output element, and the coupling element is separated from the output member of the gear change assembly, and in a second position of the outer drive element, the coupling element remains engaged with the power output element and the coupling element is engaged with the output member of the gear change assembly; the coupling portion allows the coupling element to move axially relative to the power output element along the longitudinal axis of the coupling element; the coupling portion of the coupling element is chamfered on the side facing the output member of the gear change mechanism, and the coupling portion of the output member of the gear change mechanism is chamfered on the side facing the coupling element.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the output member of the gear change assembly is provided with an elastic element D and a friction disk on the side facing the coupling element; the friction disk is configured to be relatively fixed with the output member of the gear change assembly in the circumferential direction of the output member of the gear change assembly, and can only move in the direction away from the coupling element in the axial direction; the elastic element D biases the friction disk toward the coupling element; the coupling element is provided with a pressure plate feature on the side facing the output member of the gear change assembly, and the pressure plate feature is configured to not contact the friction disk in the first position of the external drive element, and when the external drive element moves from the first position to the second position, the pressure plate feature first contacts the friction disk and generates pressure, and when the coupling element rotates synchronously with the friction disk, the engaging portion of the coupling element begins to engage with the engaging portion of the output member of the gear change assembly.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the movable connection allowing axial movement described in the present invention, including the movable connection between the outer drive element and the input member of the gear change assembly, the movable connection between the outer drive element and the drive disk, the movable connection between the coupling element and the power output element, and the movable connection between the coupling element and the output member of the gear change assembly, are all sliding connections, specifically including sliding connections with keys or splines, sliding connections with pin-hole fit, or sliding connections with similar structures and functions such as curved surfaces / curved surface combinations with non-circular cross-sections.

[0022] An electric winch with automatic speed change function, characterized in that: the electric winch adopts the automatic speed change assembly as described in any one of claims 1-9, and also includes a power input unit, which generates power through an actuator and transmits it to the internal drive element; a roller, which is directly or indirectly connected to the power output element; and a shell, which provides overall installation support and shell protection.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gear speed change assembly is a fixed-axis gear speed change assembly or a planetary gear speed change assembly; the drum is directly connected to the power output element or is connected to the power output element via a fixed-axis / planetary gear mechanism. The actuating device is a motor, and the power input unit includes a transmission and brake unit and a power input shaft, the transmission and brake unit is in transmission connection with the power input shaft, and the power input shaft is in transmission connection with the internal drive element.

[0024] The automatic speed change assembly and the electric winch with automatic speed change function of the present invention have the following advantages: The automatic transmission assembly of the present invention has an automatic transmission function, and can automatically adjust the transmission ratio in a mechanical manner according to the load change on the power output element. When applied to an electric winch, it becomes an electric winch with an automatic transmission function. When the winch is unloaded and releasing or collecting the rope, the mechanical transmission part automatically works in a small transmission ratio mode to achieve a fast rope releasing / collecting function and improve efficiency; when the rope is released or collected under load and the load exceeds a certain limit, the mechanical transmission part automatically works in a large transmission ratio to meet the working requirements of large loads.

[0025] The change of transmission ratio is completely completed mechanically and automatically according to the load size, without the need for additional manual operation or electronic devices to participate in the control work. The automatic speed change function has no effect on the operation of the electric winch, nor on the working process of the electric winch, such as the adaptive braking of the drum. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of an electric winch with automatic speed change function of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the automatic speed change component part in the first embodiment of the electric winch with automatic speed change function of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the automatic transmission assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the active connection between the outer driving element and the driving disc in the automatic transmission assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the active connection between the outer driving element and the driving disc in the automatic transmission assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the active connection between the outer driving element and the driving disc in the automatic transmission assembly of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the active connection between the inner driving element and the outer driving element in the automatic transmission assembly of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the movable connection between the inner driving element and the outer driving element in the automatic transmission assembly of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements. In addition, in the detailed description below, for ease of explanation, many specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of the disclosed embodiments. However, it is apparent that one or more embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details. In other cases, known structures and devices are embodied in a schematic manner to simplify the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an electric winch with automatic speed change function using the automatic speed change assembly of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the electric winch includes an automatic transmission assembly 500, a gear transmission mechanism 400, a gear transmission assembly 600, a drum assembly 300, a transmission and brake unit 200, a motor 100 and a housing to support and install various components. The motor 100 is an actuating device that generates power and outputs it to the outside. The transmission and brake unit 200 and the power input shaft 201 constitute a power input unit that receives the power of the motor 100 and transmits it to the internal drive element 510. The power input shaft 201 is connected to the internal drive element 510. The drum assembly 300 is connected to the power output element 506 of the automatic transmission assembly 500 through the gear transmission mechanism 400. Of course, the drum assembly 300 can also be directly connected to the power output element 506 of the automatic transmission assembly 500, depending on the working conditions of the electric winch.

[0031] Figure 2 This is the first embodiment of the automatic transmission assembly in the above-mentioned electric winch, which adopts a planetary gear type gear transmission assembly. Specifically, the sun gear 620 is the input part of the gear transmission assembly, the planet carrier 630 is the output part of the gear transmission assembly, and the ring gear is fixed to the housing as a whole (not shown in the figure). The sun gear 620 includes a gear part 601 and a connecting part 602. The gear part 601 is the central sun gear of the planetary gear assembly, which meshes with the planetary gears (not shown) of the planetary gear assembly. The connecting part 602 is movably connected to the connecting part of the outer drive element 520. A spline connection is used here to allow the outer drive element 520 to move along the axial direction. Similar connection methods such as sliding flat keys and pin hole matching can also be used to achieve the same function. The outer drive element 520 is a hollow annular structure, which is mounted on the inner drive element 510. The inner drive element 510 is connected to the power input shaft 201 in transmission, and is the active part and power source of the automatic transmission assembly 500. The inner drive element 510 is at least partially placed in the hollow part of the outer drive element 520. See. Figure 2 and Figure 7The inner driving element 510 includes a central portion and at least one protrusion protruding outward from the central portion, and the outer driving element 520 is provided with a central groove corresponding to the central portion and a groove portion corresponding to the protrusion, the central groove is used to accommodate the central portion, and the groove portion is used to accommodate the protrusion; the circumferential dimension of the groove portion along the outer driving element 520 is larger than the circumferential dimension of the corresponding protrusion along the inner driving element 510, so that the protrusion can rotate around the axis of the inner driving element 510 in the groove portion.

[0032] Preferably, the inner driving element 510 includes a plurality of protrusions uniformly distributed in the circumference of the inner driving element 510 ; and the outer driving element 520 includes a plurality of grooves uniformly distributed in the circumference of the outer driving element 520 . Figure 2 In the embodiment, a triangular groove composed of a plurality of curved surfaces is provided on the protruding portion of the inner driving element 510. Figure 4 and Figure 7 In the embodiment, a triangular boss composed of a plurality of curved surfaces is provided in the groove of the outer driving element 520. The groove and the boss correspond to and match with each other, corresponding to the matching of the first curved surface and the second curved surface, so as to realize that when the inner driving element 510 rotates, the outer driving element 520 can be driven to rotate by the matching of the curved surfaces, and an axial force component is generated at the same time, so that the inner driving element 510 and the outer driving element 520 have an axial relative movement trend. When the axial force component exceeds a certain value, the axial movement trend is converted into the relative axial movement of the inner driving element 510 and the outer driving element 520, that is, the inner driving element 510 drives the outer driving element 520 to rotate and also moves axially relative to each other, and during the entire axial movement process, the axial force always exists and the curved surfaces always match. The first curved surface on the inner driving element 510 and the second curved surface on the outer driving element 520 can be one of the curved surfaces such as an inclined surface, a plane, a sphere, an ellipsoid, a cylinder, a cone, a parabola, a spiral surface, a hyperboloid, or a combination of the above curved surfaces. The first curved surface and the second curved surface may be arranged on the end surface of the protruding portion and the groove portion, may be arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the protruding portion and the groove portion, and may be arranged on the side surface of the protruding portion and the groove portion. Figure 7 As shown, the central groove 521 of the outer driving element 520 is used to accommodate the central part 511 of the inner driving element 510, the groove part 522 is used to accommodate the protrusion 512 / 513, the curved surface 514 and the like penetrates the protrusion, dividing the protrusion into two parts 512 and 513, and the groove part 522 includes a structure formed by the curved surface 523 and the like corresponding to the curved surface features of the protrusion. Figure 8 As shown, the curved surface 514 is disposed on the side of the protruding portion 512 , and the curved surface 523 is also disposed on the side of the recessed portion 522 . Figure 8 In the embodiment, it can also be understood that the curved surface is arranged on the end surfaces of the protruding portion and the recessed portion.

[0033] One side of the outer drive element 520 is movably connected to the input member 620 of the gear transmission assembly 600, and the other side is provided with a connection portion including a separation feature, which is movably connected to the drive disc 540. Under the drive of the outer drive element 520, the drive disc 540 can be driven to rotate, and the drive disc 540 is configured to be able to be combined with the power output element 506 at the first position of the outer drive element 520 and to be separated from the power output element 506 at the second position of the outer drive element 520. Specifically, the outer drive element 520 is provided with a connection portion on the side facing the drive disc 540, and the drive disc 540 is provided with a corresponding connection portion. Preferably, a sliding shaft 524 with a boss is provided on the outer driving element 520, that is, 524 includes a small cylindrical section and a large cylindrical section. Correspondingly, a stepped hole is provided on the driving disk 540, including a large cylindrical hole 543 and a small cylindrical hole 541, which respectively match the large cylindrical section and the small cylindrical section on the sliding shaft 524, and the length of the small cylindrical hole 541 is less than the length of the small cylindrical section on the sliding shaft 524, and the length of the large cylindrical hole 543 is greater than the length of the large cylindrical section on the sliding shaft 524. Figure 4 As shown. The sliding shaft here can also be arranged on the driving disk, and the matching hole can also be arranged on the external driving element. Preferably, a sliding inner spline 525 with a retaining ring groove is arranged on the external driving element 520, and correspondingly, a sliding outer spline 544 is arranged on the driving disk 540, and the thickness of the sliding outer spline 544 on the driving disk 540 is smaller than the thickness of the sliding inner spline 525 on the external driving element 520 within the retaining ring groove, that is, when the driving disk 540 is installed in the external driving element 520 and the end faces of the two elements are in contact, there is a certain gap between the retaining ring 802 installed in the retaining ring groove and the outer end face of the driving disk 540, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown. The internal spline here can also be provided on the drive disk, and the matching external spline can also be provided on the external drive element. In the above embodiment, a spring element 507 is provided on the side of the external drive element 520 facing the input member 620 of the gear speed change assembly, and the elastic element 507 biases the external drive element 520 toward the internal drive element 510, so that the external drive element 520 can stably work in the first position. When the external drive element 520 moves from the first position to the second position, due to the size difference of the large cylinder or the thickness difference of the spline, in the first part of the movement, only the gap caused by the size difference is eliminated, at this time, the external drive element 520 moves while the drive disk 540 maintains the axial position; and when the gap is completely eliminated, the external drive element 520 drives the drive disk 540 to move together.

[0034] In another embodiment of the present invention, there is no need to provide a spring element on the side of the outer drive element 520 facing the input member 620 of the gear shift assembly. Figure 6As shown. A sliding shaft 524 with a curved groove is provided on the outer driving element 520, that is, the generatrix of 524 includes a straight segment and a curved segment. Correspondingly, there is a stepped hole on the driving disk 540, including a large cylindrical hole 543 and a small cylindrical hole 541, and there is a conical hole 542 between the large cylindrical hole 543 and the small cylindrical hole 541, connecting the large cylindrical hole 543 and the small cylindrical hole 541, that is, the generatrix of the connecting part on the driving disk 540 includes a straight segment and a curved segment. The opening elastic element 801 is installed at the groove position of the sliding shaft 524. When the outer driving element 520 is in the first position, the inner ring of the opening elastic element 801 does not match the groove, the outer ring is in elastic contact with the large cylindrical hole, and the side is limited by the conical hole 542. Through the elastic deformation of the opening elastic element 801 at this position, the outer driving element 520 can stably work in the first position. When the outer driving element 520 moves from the first position to the second position, the opening elastic element 801 is further elastically deformed and enters the conical hole 542. At this time, the outer driving element 520 moves while the driving disk 540 maintains the axial position. As the size change of the opening elastic element 801 in the conical hole 542 gradually reaches the limit, that is, it gets stuck between the sliding shaft and the cylindrical hole, and then the outer driving element 520 drives the driving disk 540 to move together.

[0035] An elastic element 505 is provided on one side of the driving disc 540 facing the external driving element, and a power output element 506 is provided on the other side, and the elastic element 505 biases the driving disc 540 toward the power output element 506. According to the technical concept of the present invention, a friction plate is provided on the end surface of the driving disc 540 facing the power output element 506; and / or a friction plate is provided on the surface of the power output element 506 facing the driving disc 540, so that when the load on the power output element 506 is less than a predetermined load, the driving disc 540 and the power output element 506 are combined and rotated together, and when the load on the power output element 506 is greater than the predetermined load, the driving disc 540 and the power output element 506 are disengaged until they are separated.

[0036] Figure 2In the embodiment, the coupling element 530 is circumferentially floatingly mounted on the outer driving element 520 in a ring groove matching manner, is limited in the axial direction of the outer driving element 520, cannot move relative to the outer driving element 520 along the axial direction, and can freely rotate around the axis of the outer driving element 520. There is a coupling portion 532 on the coupling element 530, and there is a pressure plate feature 531 on the side facing the output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly. The coupling portion 532 has a chamfer on the side facing the output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly, and there is a coupling portion including a chamfer on the side facing the coupling element 530 of the output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly. The power output element 506 has a coupling portion on the side facing the coupling element 530, and the coupling portion adopts a sliding connection to allow axial movement and drive rotation at the same time. The output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly also includes a spring element 632 and a friction disk 633 on the side facing the coupling element 530. The friction disc 633 matches the groove portion on the output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly through the protrusion on the circumferential outer edge, so that the friction disc 633 is fixed relative to the output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly in the circumferential direction, and can only move in the direction away from the coupling element 530 in the axial direction. The elastic element 632 biases the friction disc 633 toward the side of the coupling element 530. According to the technical concept of the present invention, a friction plate is provided on the end surface of the friction disc 633 on the side facing the pressure plate feature 531; and / or a friction plate is provided on the surface of the pressure plate feature 531 facing the friction disc 633. When the outer drive element 520 is located at the first position, the engaging portion 532 of the coupling element 530 engages with the engaging portion of the power output element 506 and is separated from the engaging portion on the output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly. At this time, the pressure plate feature 531 of the coupling element 530 does not contact the friction plate 633 on the output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly. When the outer drive element 520 is located at the second position, the engaging portion 532 of the coupling element 530 engages with the engaging portion of the power output element 506 and the engaging portion on the output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly. When the outer drive element 520 moves from the first position to the second position, the pressure plate feature 531 of the coupling element 530 first contacts with the friction plate 633 on the output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly and generates pressure. As the pressure increases, the rotation speeds of the coupling element 530 and the output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly gradually synchronize. After synchronization, the engaging portion 532 of the coupling element 530 engages with the engaging portion of the output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly.

[0037] Importantly, by adopting the above technical means, the output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly is configured to be separated from the power output member 506 by the coupling member 530 at the first position of the outer drive member 520 and to be coupled to the power output member 506 by the coupling member 530 at the second position of the outer drive member 520. At the same time, the drive disc 540 is configured to be able to be coupled to the power output member 506 at the first position of the outer drive member 520 and to be separated from the power output member 506 at the second position of the outer drive member 520.

[0038] The following is combined with Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 And attached Figure 4-8 Describe the working process of the electric winch with automatic speed change function of the present invention: When the drum assembly 300 is unloaded or has a low load, the motor 100 transmits power to the inner drive element 510 through the transmission and brake unit 200 and the power input shaft 201. At this time, due to the action of the spring element 507 or the action of the open elastic element 801, the outer drive element is located in the first position, and the curved surface of the inner drive element 510 contacts the curved surface of the outer drive element 520, while the side surfaces do not contact. The drive disc 540 presses the power output element 506 under the action of the spring element 505, and friction is generated on the contact surface. The coupling element 530 is engaged with the power output element 506 and separated from the output member 630 of the gear speed change assembly, and the friction disc 633 is also not in contact with the pressure plate feature 531. The outer drive element 520 is driven to rotate by the inner drive element 510, driving the input member 620 of the gear speed change assembly connected to the movable connection to rotate synchronously, and at the same time driving the drive disc 540 to rotate through the movable connection on the other side, and the drive disc 540 drives the power output element 506 to rotate through the friction of the contact surface, and the power output element 506 drives the drum assembly 300 to rotate through the gear transmission mechanism 400 to achieve the rope collection or rope release action. Since the load is relatively low at this time, the axial component force generated by the inner drive element 510 and the outer drive element 520 on the curved surface matching is relatively small, which is not enough to overcome the spring element 507 or the open elastic element 801 to further deform it, so it remains in the first position, the electric winch works at a relatively small transmission ratio, the drum assembly 300 has a relatively high speed, and the working efficiency is relatively high.

[0039] When the load of the roller assembly 300 increases, the axial component force generated by the inner driving element 510 and the outer driving element 520 on the curved surface cooperation increases, causing the spring element 507 or the open elastic element 801 to further deform, and the outer driving element 520 moves from the first position to the second position. The pressure plate feature 531 of the coupling element 530 first contacts the friction plate 633 on the output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly and generates pressure. As the pressure increases, the rotation speeds of the coupling element 530 and the output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly gradually synchronize. At the same time, the driving plate 540 and the power output element 506 generate a rotation speed difference due to synchronous rotation, and the speed difference gradually increases. Figure 4 / 5 to eliminate the gap or attach Figure 6 The middle opening elastic element 801 enters the stuck state, and the outer driving element 520 drives the driving disk 540 to move together, so that the driving disk 540 is separated from the power output element 506. At the same time, after the rotation speed of the coupling element 530 is synchronized with the output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly, the engaging portion 532 of the coupling element 530 is engaged with the engaging portion of the output member 630 of the gear transmission assembly. The side of the protrusion of the inner driving element 510 and the side of the groove of the outer driving element 520 gradually approach and finally contact, and the outer driving element enters the second position. At this time, the power is transmitted to the outer driving element 520 via the inner driving element 510, and then transmitted to the output member 630 via the input member 620 of the gear transmission assembly 600, and then transmitted to the power output element 506 via the coupling element 530, and the roller 300 is driven to work after the gear transmission mechanism 400 changes speed and torque. At this time, the transmission ratio increases, and the load capacity of the roller 300 is enhanced to meet the requirements of heavy load work.

[0040] When the load of the drum assembly 300 changes from large to small, the elastic force of the spring element 505 and the spring element 507 or the open elastic element 801 exceeds the axial component force between the inner drive element 510 and the outer drive element 520, so that the outer drive element 520 moves from the second position to the first position, that is, the drive disc 540 moves toward the power output element 506, and the friction disc 633 and the coupling element 530 (that is, the power output element 506) gradually go from synchronization to separation, and the drive disc 540 and the power output element 506 go from separation to engagement and gradually enter a synchronous state, and the electric winch automatically returns to a working state with a large transmission ratio when the load becomes smaller.

[0041] Attached Figure 3 Another embodiment of the automatic transmission assembly of the present invention is provided with the attached Figure 2The difference between the embodiments is that a fixed-axis gear speed change assembly is adopted, so the coupling element 730 is arranged side by side with the external drive element 520, connected and driven via the fork member 706, the coupling element 730 can rotate freely around its own axis, is connected to the external drive element 520 through the fork member 706, and is fixed relative to the external drive element 520 in the axial direction. When the external drive element 520 moves, the coupling element 730 can be driven to move synchronously through the fork member 706. The specific structural features are: an inner driving element 510, an outer driving element 520, an input member 710 of a gear change assembly (including a gear portion 711 and a connecting portion 712), an output member 720 of a gear change assembly (including a gear portion 721, a spring element 722, a friction disc 723, a connecting portion 724, wherein the friction disc 723 is slidably connected with 720 through a non-circular cross section and is axially unidirectionally limited), a coupling element 730 (including a coupling portion 733 and a pressure plate feature 732), a gear shaft 705, a primary power output element 740 (including a gear portion 742 and a coupling portion 741) mounted on the gear shaft 705, and also including a secondary power output gear 707 meshing with the primary power output gear and an end cover 708, and spring elements 505, 507. Preferably, the gear shaft 705 and the output member 720, the coupling element 730, and the primary power output element 740 coaxial with the gear shaft 705 are more than one group and are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction.

[0042] Attached Figure 3 The specific working process of the embodiment and the attached Figure 2 The embodiments are basically the same. Figure 6 The structure shown does not require the provision of the spring element 507, and can also achieve operation with a large transmission ratio when the load is large, and with a small transmission ratio when the load is small, which will not be repeated here.

[0043] The above-mentioned working process, that is, the transmission ratio change process, is completely automatically realized by mechanical means. The transmission ratio is automatically adjusted according to the size of the load, without the need for additional manual operation, etc., and the specific working process does not affect the original working requirements at all, such as reeling in or releasing the rope under load, reeling in or releasing the rope in a no-load state, or maintaining the braking effect of the electric winch through the transmission and braking unit 200, etc.

[0044] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of application of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic transmission assembly, characterized in that: The automatic transmission assembly comprises: an inner drive element and an outer drive element, wherein the inner drive element is configured to be connected to an actuating device for inputting an actuating force; the outer drive element is sleeved on the inner drive element, and the outer drive element is movably connected to the inner drive element, so that the outer drive element can be driven to rotate under the drive of the inner drive element, and the movably connected outer drive element and the inner drive element allows the outer drive element to move axially along the longitudinal axis of the inner drive element between a first position and a second position relative to the inner drive element; A gear shift assembly, a power output element, the gear shift assembly comprising an input element and an output element, the input element of the gear shift assembly being arranged on one side of the outer drive element along the longitudinal axis of the inner drive element and being movably connected with the outer drive element, so that under the drive of the outer drive element, the input element of the gear shift assembly can be driven to rotate, and the movably connected between the input element of the gear shift assembly and the outer drive element allows the outer drive element to move axially along the longitudinal axis of the inner drive element between a first position and a second position relative to the inner drive element; the output element of the gear shift assembly is configured to be separated from the power output element at the first position of the outer drive element and to be combined with the power output element at the second position of the outer drive element; A drive disc, wherein the drive disc is arranged on the other side of the outer drive element along the longitudinal axis of the inner drive element, and the drive disc is movably connected to the outer drive element so that the drive disc can be driven to rotate under the drive of the outer drive element, and the drive disc is configured to be able to be combined with the power output element at a first position of the outer drive element and to be separated from the power output element at a second position of the outer drive element.

2. The automatic transmission assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner driving element comprises a central portion and at least one protruding portion protruding outward from the central portion, and the outer driving element is provided with a central groove and a groove portion corresponding to the protruding portion, wherein the central groove is used to accommodate the central portion, and the groove portion is used to accommodate the protruding portion; The dimension of the groove portion along the circumference of the outer driving element is greater than the dimension of the protrusion portion along the circumference of the inner driving element, so that the protrusion can rotate around the axis of the inner driving element in the groove portion.

3. The automatic transmission assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protrusion includes at least a first curved surface, and the groove portion includes at least a second curved surface at a position corresponding to the first curved surface of the protrusion, and the shapes of the first curved surface and the second curved surface match, so that the rotational movement of the protrusion in the groove portion around the axis of the inner driving element can cause the outer driving element to move axially along the longitudinal axis of the inner driving element.

4. The automatic transmission assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic element A is arranged on a side of the driving disc facing the inner driving element, and the elastic element A biases the driving disc toward the power output element.

5. The automatic transmission assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The articulation of the drive plate with the outer drive element permits axial movement of the drive plate relative to the inner drive element along the longitudinal axis of the inner drive element.

6. The automatic transmission assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: An elastic element B is provided on the side of the outer driving element facing the input member of the gear transmission assembly, and the elastic element B biases the outer driving element toward the inner driving element; a connecting portion including a separation feature is provided on the end surface of the outer driving element facing the driving disk, and a matching connecting portion including a separation feature is provided on the driving disk; the connecting portion on the outer driving element can be combined with the connecting portion on the driving disk, so that the driving disk can be driven to rotate under the drive of the outer driving element, and can move axially relative to the inner driving element along the longitudinal axis of the inner driving element; The separation feature enables the axial movement of the outer drive element from the first position to the second position to be divided into two parts, a first part in which the drive disk maintains an unchanged axial position while the outer drive element moves axially, and a second part in which the outer drive element drives the drive disk to move axially at the same time.

7. The automatic transmission assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The invention also includes an elastic element C; a connecting portion is provided on the end surface of the outer driving element on the side facing the driving disk, and a matching connecting portion is provided on the driving disk, the connecting portion on the outer driving element can be combined with the connecting portion on the driving disk, so that the driving disk can be driven to rotate under the drive of the outer driving element, and can move axially relative to the inner driving element along the longitudinal axis of the inner driving element; the elastic element C is arranged between the connecting portion of the outer driving element and the connecting portion of the driving disk; the generatrix of the connecting portion includes a straight line segment and a curved line segment, and the elastic element C is configured to be able to elastically deform at the intersection of the straight line segment and the curved line segment of the connecting portion, so that the outer driving element stably works in the first position; when the outer driving element moves from the first position to the second position, the elastic element C further elastically deforms and enters the curved line segment until it is stuck between the connecting portion of the outer driving element and the connecting portion of the driving disk, and then the outer driving element drives the driving disk to move together through the stuck elastic element C.

8. The automatic transmission assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a coupling element, which is configured to be able to rotate freely around its own axis and is relatively fixed to the outer drive element in the axial direction of the outer drive element; there is a coupling portion on the coupling element, the power output element is provided with a coupling portion on the side facing the coupling element, and the output member of the gear change assembly is provided with a coupling portion on the side facing the coupling element; the coupling portion is configured so that in a first position of the outer drive element, the coupling element is engaged with the power output element, and the coupling element is separated from the output member of the gear change assembly, and in a second position of the outer drive element, the coupling element remains engaged with the power output element and the coupling element is engaged with the output member of the gear change assembly; the coupling portion allows the coupling element to move axially relative to the power output element along the longitudinal axis of the coupling element; the coupling portion of the coupling element is chamfered on the side facing the output member of the gear change mechanism, and the coupling portion of the output member of the gear change mechanism is chamfered on the side facing the coupling element.

9. The automatic transmission assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: The output member of the gear change assembly is provided with an elastic element D and a friction disc on the side facing the coupling element; the friction disc is configured to be relatively fixed with the output member of the gear change assembly in the circumferential direction of the output member of the gear change assembly, and can only move in the direction away from the coupling element in the axial direction; the elastic element D biases the friction disc toward the coupling element; the coupling element is provided with a pressure plate feature on the side facing the output member of the gear change assembly, and the pressure plate feature is configured to not contact the friction disc in the first position of the external drive element, and when the external drive element moves from the first position to the second position, the pressure plate feature first contacts the friction disc and generates pressure, and when the coupling element rotates synchronously with the friction disc, the engaging portion of the coupling element begins to engage with the engaging portion of the output member of the gear change assembly.

10. An electric winch with automatic speed change function, characterized in that: The electric winch adopts an automatic transmission assembly as described in any one of claims 1-9, and also includes a power input unit, which generates power through an actuator and transmits it to the internal drive element; a roller, which is directly or indirectly connected to the power output element; and a shell, which provides overall installation support and outer shell protection.

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