Automatic coupling type integrated biomass charcoal-steam combined production device

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic coupling type integrated biomass charcoal-steam combined production device which is composed of a material basket 1, a drying area 2, a carbonization area 3, a cooling area 4, a main combustion area 5, a breathable thermal insulation device 6, a slide way system 7, a boiler system 8, a coupling control system 9 and an induced draft system 10. Drying, pyrolysis, product carbon cooling, liquid-phase and gas-phase product combustion and a boiler system in the biomass pyrolysis and product utilization process are integrally arranged, high integration is achieved, the technological process is short, the system is simpler, and the comprehensive energy efficiency level is higher; the device can simultaneously adapt to biomass raw materials with different sizes and shapes such as powdery, granular, sheet-shaped, blocky and log-shaped biomass raw materials, the original shape of the product carbon can be kept in the production process, and the blank in the prior art is filled; the device can be switched between a self-heating type pyrolysis system and an external heating type pyrolysis system through simple replacement of the material basket.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of biomass carbonization and clean utilization of products, and in particular to an automatic coupling type integrated biomass carbon and steam cogeneration device. Background Art

[0002] Biomass is a renewable, zero-carbon energy source with abundant reserves in my country. However, due to its dispersed distribution and low energy density, most of it has not been effectively utilized.

[0003] Biomass pyrolysis charcoal production is one of the effective ways to realize its resource utilization. The gas phase products, liquid phase products and waste heat of product charcoal produced in the pyrolysis charcoal production process can be used as by-products of hot water or steam for heating or industrial production, so as to realize the high-value utilization of biomass. According to whether the pyrolysis heat is provided by the active combustion of biomass raw materials or by external heat sources, the biomass pyrolysis process is divided into two categories: self-heating pyrolysis system and external heating pyrolysis system. At present, mainstream technologies generally cannot quickly switch the pyrolysis system mode.

[0004] In order to improve the process of high-value utilization of biomass, in recent years, many scientific research teams have carried out a large number of technical research on biomass pyrolysis and charcoal-heat cogeneration. The technical route is mainly based on fluidized bed, vertical fixed bed or rotary kiln, and the subsequent equipment such as boilers used for waste heat recovery are arranged independently. The technical process is long, the intermediate energy consumption is high, and the synergy of charcoal and heat production capacity is poor. The core equipment in the existing technical route, fluidized bed, fixed bed or rotary kiln, is mainly suitable for small-sized biomass raw materials such as powder, granular and flake. It is poorly matched with large-sized biomass raw materials in the form of blocks or logs represented by fruit branches, and it is difficult to produce log-shaped biochar. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems that conventional biomass pyrolysis equipment cannot adapt to large-sized biomass raw materials, cannot produce log-like biochar, the equipment is independent, the technical route process is long, the coordination of charcoal and heat production is difficult, and the pyrolysis system mode is difficult to switch quickly, the present invention discloses an automatic coupling integrated biomass charcoal and steam cogeneration device.

[0006] The automatic coupling integrated biomass charcoal and steam cogeneration device of the present invention is composed of a material basket 1, a drying area 2, a carbonization area 3, a cooling area 4, a main combustion area 5, a breathable and thermal insulation device 6, a slide system 7, a boiler system 8, a coupling control system 9, and an induced draft system 10. The drying area 2, the carbonization area 3, the cooling area 4, the main combustion area 5, and the boiler system 8 are arranged adjacent to each other according to the raw material and product flow, and the main combustion area 5 is arranged adjacent to the drying area 2 and the boiler system 8 at the same time. The drying area 2, the carbonization area 3, and the cooling area 4 are connected through the slide system 7. The material basket 1 carries the biomass raw material and uses the slide system 7 to sequentially pass through the drying area 2, the carbonization area 3, and the cooling area 4 to complete the drying, pyrolysis, and cooling of the product charcoal of the biomass raw material, thereby producing qualified biochar. The biochar is not crushed or directly mechanically transported, and its appearance can remain in its original state. The gaseous and liquid products produced by the biomass raw materials carried by the material basket 1 in the carbonization zone 3 enter the main combustion zone 5 through the air-permeable insulation device 6 under the action of the induced draft system 10 to burn, and the chemical energy of the products is converted into thermal energy. Part of the thermal energy provides heat for the adjacent drying zone 2, and part enters the adjacent boiler system 8 to generate hot water, saturated steam or superheated steam for heating or industrial production. The coupling control system 9 calculates the production capacity of steam or hot water and the corresponding amount of biomass raw materials by monitoring the flow, temperature and pressure parameters of the steam or hot water produced by the boiler system 8, and then controls the slide system 7, the burners of the carbonization zone 3 and the main combustion zone 5 work together to adjust and maintain the temperature of the carbonization zone 3 and the main combustion zone 5.

[0007] The present invention is developed based on the goal of direct pyrolysis and high-value utilization of large-sized biomass raw materials, and is also suitable for small-sized biomass raw materials. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: Beneficial effects:

[0008] 1. The present invention integrates the drying, pyrolysis, product charcoal cooling, liquid and gas product combustion in the biomass pyrolysis and product utilization process, and the boiler system is integrated, highly integrated, with a short process flow and a simpler system.

[0009] 2. The integrated structure of the present invention eliminates the cooling process of gas and liquid products, and fully recovers the chemical heat of the carbonization process and the sensible heat of the product carbon, resulting in a higher comprehensive energy efficiency level.

[0010] 3. The present invention adopts a reasonable integrated structure and a material basket to load biomass raw materials. It is suitable for biomass raw materials of different sizes and shapes such as powder, granular, flake, block, log, etc. The product charcoal has no direct mechanical transportation, and the original shape of the product charcoal is maintained, filling the gap in the prior art.

[0011] 4. The present invention can easily switch the device to a self-heating or external heating pyrolysis system by changing the material basket structure to an open basket structure or a closed plate structure with air holes.

[0012] 5. The present invention designs a coupling control system based on the integrated layout, realizes the load coupling of the product char and the product hot water or steam, increases the adaptability of the system, and improves the overall safety and stability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a typical structural diagram of the automatic coupling integrated biomass charcoal and steam cogeneration device described in the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 for Figure 1 KK view.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a basket type material drum.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a closed material drum.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a typical steam-water system diagram of the automatic coupling integrated biomass charcoal-steam cogeneration device described in the present invention.

[0018] Description of the accompanying drawings:

[0019] 1-Material basket; 1A-Basket material drum; 1B-Closed material drum;

[0020] 2-drying area; 2A-material inlet; 2B-drying area shell; 2C-drying gas outlet;

[0021] 3-carbonization zone; 3A-carbonization zone shell; 3B-carbonization zone burner;

[0022] 4-cooling zone; 4A-cooling zone shell; 4B-cooling air inlet; 4C-cooling air outlet; 4D-cooling water inlet; 4E-cooling water outlet;

[0023] 5-main combustion zone; 5A-main combustion zone shell; 5B-main combustion zone burner;

[0024] 6-Breathable and thermal insulation device;

[0025] 7-slideway system; 7A-slideway; 7B-slideway partition; 7C-isolation door; 7D-material basket limit device;

[0026] 8- boiler system; 8A- boiler shell; 8B- feed water pipe; 8C- economizer heating surface; 8D- economizer outlet pipe; 8E- boiler drum; 8F- main body steam-water pipe system; 8G- evaporation heating surface; 8H- superheater connecting pipe; 8J- superheater; 8K- steam outlet;

[0027] 9-coupling control system; 9A-coupling controller; 9B-main steam flow signal F; 9C-main steam temperature signal T; 9D-main steam pressure signal P; 9E-main combustion zone temperature signal T1; 9F-carbonization zone temperature signal T0; 9G-signal transmission device;

[0028] 10-Induced air system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention and its implementation modes are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following description is intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention and does not have any limiting effect on it.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, the professional terms used in this article have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The professional terms used in this article are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 :

[0032] The automatic coupling integrated biomass charcoal and steam cogeneration device of the present invention consists of a material basket 1, a drying area 2, a carbonization area 3, a cooling area 4, a main combustion area 5, a breathable insulation device 6, a slide system 7, a boiler system 8, a coupling control system 9, and an induced draft system 10.

[0033] The material basket 1 is preferably a basket-type material drum, a closed material drum or a square material basket.

[0034] The drying zone 2 is preferably composed of a material inlet 2A, a drying zone shell 2B, and a drying gas outlet 2C.

[0035] The carbonization zone 3 is preferably composed of a carbonization zone shell 3A and a carbonization zone burner 3B.

[0036] The cooling zone 4 is preferably composed of a cooling zone shell 4A, a cooling air inlet 4B, a cooling air outlet 4C, a cooling water inlet 4D, and a cooling water outlet 4E.

[0037] The main combustion zone 5 is preferably composed of a main combustion zone shell 5A and a main combustion zone burner 5B.

[0038] The slide system 7 is preferably composed of a slide 7A, a slide partition 7B, an isolation door 7C, and a material basket limiting device 7D.

[0039] The boiler system 8 is preferably composed of a boiler shell 8A, a water supply pipe 8B, an economizer heating surface 8C, an economizer outlet pipe 8D, a boiler drum 8E, a main steam-water pipe system 8F, an evaporator heating surface 8G, a superheater connecting pipe 8H, a superheater 8J, and a steam outlet 8K. When the product is hot water, there is no need to configure the superheater connecting pipe 8H and the superheater 8J, and the steam outlet 8K is changed to a hot water outlet directly connected to the boiler drum 8E; when the product is saturated steam, there is no need to configure the superheater connecting pipe 8H and the superheater 8J, and the steam outlet 8K is directly connected to the boiler drum 8E.

[0040] The coupling control system 9 is preferably composed of a coupling controller 9A, a main steam flow signal F 9B, a main steam temperature signal T 9C, a main steam pressure signal P 9D, a main combustion zone temperature signal T1 9E, a carbonization zone temperature signal T0 9F, and a signal transmission device 9G.

[0041] Combination Figure 1 :

[0042] The drying zone 2, carbonization zone 3 and cooling zone 4 are arranged adjacent to each other and connected through a slide system 7 to form a biomass raw material reaction zone. The material basket 1 loaded with biomass raw materials enters the device from the material inlet 2A, rolls or slides on the slide system 7 or moves synchronously with the slide system 7, and passes through the drying zone 2, carbonization zone 3 and cooling zone 4 in turn to complete the carbonization process of the biomass raw materials. The slide system 7 is provided with an isolation door 7C and a material basket limiting device 7D, which are used to isolate the drying zone 2, carbonization zone 3, cooling zone 4 and the cooling zone 4 from the outside, and at the same time control the movement speed of the material basket 1 on the slide system and the residence time in each area to control the reaction product.

[0043] The cooling zone 4 uses a combination of cooling air and a heating surface to cool the product char and recover its sensible heat. The cooling zone shell 4A is a water-cooled wall structure, which wraps the cooling zone. The cooling air enters from the cooling air inlet 4B, sweeps the product char in the material basket 1 from bottom to top, exchanges heat with the product char, reduces the temperature of the product char, heats itself and transfers heat to the cooling zone shell 4A, and then leaves the cooling zone from the cooling air outlet 4C and enters the boiler system to continue to release heat or bring heat to other systems.

[0044] The main combustion zone 5 is arranged adjacent to the upper part of the carbonization zone 3, and the main combustion zone 5 is connected to the carbonization zone 3 through a breathable insulation device 6. The gas and liquid products generated by the pyrolysis of the biomass raw material in the carbonization zone 3 enter the main combustion zone 5 through the breathable insulation device 6 under the action of the induced draft system 10 to adiabatically burn and release heat, while treating tar and other substances in the pyrolysis liquid products that have a negative impact on heat exchange. The main combustion zone 5 is also arranged adjacent to the drying zone 2 to fully utilize the heat of the main combustion zone 5 to dry the biomass raw material.

[0045] Burners are arranged on the outer shells of the carbonization zone 3 and the main combustion zone 5, using natural gas or coal or biomass solid fuel or biomass gasification fuel or waste heat flue gas as heat sources to provide startup heat for the carbonization zone 3 and stable combustion load for the main combustion zone 5. The load is adjusted according to the instructions of the coupling control system 9 to control the temperature of the carbonization zone 3 and the main combustion zone 5.

[0046] The heat released by the combustion of the gaseous and liquid products produced by the pyrolysis in the main combustion zone 5 enters the boiler system 8 arranged adjacent to the main combustion zone 5 in the form of hot flue gas to produce hot water, saturated steam or superheated steam for heating or industrial production.

[0047] The coupling control system 9 calculates the production capacity of steam or hot water and the required amount of biomass raw materials by monitoring the flow, temperature and pressure parameters of the steam or hot water produced by the boiler system 8, and then controls the slide system 7, the burners of the carbonization zone 3 and the main combustion zone 5 to work together to adjust and maintain the temperature of the carbonization zone 3 and the main combustion zone 5.

[0048] Combination Figure 2 :

[0049] The slide baffle 7B in the slide system 7 divides the interior of the drying zone 2, the carbonization zone 3 and the cooling zone 4 into a plurality of parallel channels, restricting the material basket 1 from lateral displacement across the parallel channels in the device, so as to maintain orderly movement of the material basket 1 in the device.

[0050] Combination Figure 5 :

[0051] The drying zone shell 2B, carbonization zone shell 3A, cooling zone shell 4A, main combustion zone shell 5A and slideway 7A in the automatic coupling integrated biomass charcoal and steam cogeneration device described in the present invention are preferably water-cooled structures, which are connected to the boiler system 8 through the main steam-water pipe system 8F to recover the heat generated during the carbonization reaction or dry the biomass raw materials.

[0052] When the boiler system 8 produces superheated steam, it is preferred Figure 5The steam-water flow: the boiler water enters the cooling zone shell 4A from the cooling water inlet 4D to recover the waste heat of the product char, and then enters the economizer heating surface 8C from the cooling water outlet 4E and the water supply pipe 8B, and then enters the drum 8E through the economizer outlet pipe 8D. The drum 8E is connected with the boiler evaporation heating surface 8G, the drying zone shell 2B, the carbonization zone shell 3A, the cooling zone shell 4A, the main combustion zone shell 5A, and the slide 7A through the main steam-water pipe system 8F. The heating surface of the drying zone shell 2B releases heat to the biomass raw material, and the heat of the water or steam-water mixture in the drum 8E is used to dry the biomass raw material; the saturated steam generated by the carbonization zone shell 3A, the cooling zone shell 4A, the main combustion zone shell 5A, and the slide 7A after absorbing heat is collected in the drum 8E, and the saturated steam enters the superheater 8J through the superheater connecting pipe 8H for secondary heating, and then leaves the system through the steam outlet 8K for use by the external system. When the boiler system 8 produces hot water, there is no need to configure the superheater connecting pipe 8H and the superheater 8J, and the steam outlet 8K is changed to a hot water outlet and connected to the boiler drum 8E; when the boiler system 8 produces saturated steam, there is no need to configure the superheater connecting pipe 8H and the superheater 8J, and the steam outlet 8K is connected to the boiler drum 8E.

[0053] The above description is only an application example of the present invention, and does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure made using the contents of this specification and drawings, directly or indirectly used in the relevant technical field, is also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic coupling integrated biomass charcoal and steam cogeneration device, comprising a material basket (1), a drying zone (2), a carbonization zone (3), a cooling zone (4), a main combustion zone (5), a ventilation and temperature insulation device (6), a slideway system (7), a boiler system (8), a coupling control system (9), and an induced draft system (10), characterized in that: The drying zone (2), the carbonization zone (3), the cooling zone (4), the main combustion zone (5), and the boiler system (8) are arranged in close proximity according to the raw material and product flow. The main combustion zone (5) is arranged in close proximity to the drying zone (2) and the boiler system (8). The drying zone (2), the carbonization zone (3), and the cooling zone (4) are connected through a slide system (7). The material basket (1) carries the biomass raw material and uses the slide system (7) to sequentially pass through the drying zone (2), the carbonization zone (3), and the cooling zone (4) to complete the reaction of the biomass raw material and the cooling of the product charcoal. The gaseous and liquid products produced by the biomass raw materials carried by the material basket (1) in the carbonization zone (3) enter the main combustion zone (5) through the air-permeable insulation device (6) under the action of the induced draft system (10) to burn, thereby providing heat for the drying zone (2) and the boiler system (8). The boiler system (8) uses the combustion heat of the gaseous and liquid products to prepare hot water, saturated steam or superheated steam. The coupling control system (9) adjusts the operating status of the device by monitoring the operating parameters of the carbonization zone (3), the main combustion zone (5) and the boiler system (8).

2. According to claim 1, the automatic coupling integrated biomass charcoal and steam cogeneration device is characterized by: The material basket (1) is an open basket structure or a closed plate structure with air holes. The shape of the material basket (1) is round or square. The movement of the material basket (1) on the slide system (7) in the device is rolling, sliding or synchronous movement with the slide system (7).

3. According to claim 1, the automatic coupling integrated biomass charcoal and steam cogeneration device is characterized by: The drying zone (2) is composed of a material inlet (2A), a drying zone shell (2B), and a drying gas outlet (2C); the drying zone shell (2B) is a water-cooled wall or furnace wall structure.

4. The automatic coupling integrated biomass charcoal and steam cogeneration device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The carbonization zone (3) is composed of a carbonization zone shell (3A) and a carbonization zone burner (3B). The carbonization zone shell (3A) is a water-cooled wall or furnace wall structure. The carbonization zone burner (3B) is installed on the carbonization zone shell (3A). The fuel of the carbonization zone burner (3B) is natural gas or coal or biomass solid fuel or biomass gasification fuel or waste heat flue gas.

5. According to claim 1, the automatic coupling integrated biomass charcoal and steam cogeneration device is characterized by: The cooling zone (4) is composed of a cooling zone shell (4A), a cooling air inlet (4B), a cooling air outlet (4C), a cooling water inlet (4D), and a cooling water outlet (4E). The cooling zone shell (4A) is a water-cooled structure. The cooling zone shell (4A), the cooling air inlet (4B), and the cooling air outlet (4C) form a cooling air channel. The cooling air is nitrogen, argon, or low-temperature flue gas.

6. The automatic coupling integrated biomass charcoal and steam cogeneration device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The main combustion zone (5) is an insulated combustion chamber, which is composed of a main combustion zone shell (5A) and a main combustion zone burner (5B). The main combustion zone shell (5A) is a water-cooled wall or furnace wall structure. The main combustion zone shell (5A) is provided with insulating material inside. The main combustion zone burner (5B) is installed on the main combustion zone shell. The fuel of the main combustion zone burner (5B) is natural gas or coal or biomass solid fuel or biomass gasification fuel or waste heat flue gas.

7. The automatic coupling integrated biomass charcoal and steam cogeneration device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The air-permeable insulation device (6) is a water-cooled wall or furnace wall structure, the air-permeable insulation device (6) is provided with air holes, and the air-permeable insulation device (6) is provided with insulation material on one side of the main combustion zone (5).

8. The automatic coupling integrated biomass charcoal and steam cogeneration device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The slide system (7) is composed of a slide (7A), a slide partition (7B), an isolation door (7C), and a material basket limiting device (7D). The slide (7A) is a water-cooled wall or a flat steel plate or a brickwork or cast structure. The slide (7A) is arranged obliquely or horizontally. The slide (7A) has air holes in the carbonization zone (3) and the cooling zone (4). The slide partition (7B) divides the drying zone (2), the carbonization zone (3) and the cooling zone (4) into a plurality of parallel channels, thereby limiting the lateral displacement of the material basket (1) across the parallel channels in the device. The isolation door (7C) is arranged between the drying zone (2) and the carbonization zone (3), between the carbonization zone (3) and the cooling zone (4), and at the exit of the cooling zone (4). The isolation door (7C) is an automatic door driven by gravity, electricity, hydraulic pressure or magnetism.

9. The automatic coupling integrated biomass charcoal and steam cogeneration device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The coupling control system (9) is composed of a coupling controller (9A), a main steam flow signal F (9B), a main steam temperature signal T (9C), a main steam pressure signal P (9D), a main combustion zone temperature signal T1 (9E), a carbonization zone temperature signal T0 (9F), and a signal transmission device (9G). The coupling controller (9A) collects one, two or three of the main steam flow signal F (9B), the main steam temperature signal T (9C) and the main steam pressure signal P (9D) through the signal transmission device (9G), calculates the steam or hot water production capacity and the biomass raw material consumption demand, and then controls the temperature of the main combustion zone (5) and the carbonization zone (3) by adjusting the opening speed of the isolation door (7C) and the material basket limit device (7D) in the slide system (7), the carbonization zone burner (3B), and the main combustion zone burner (5B). The signal transmission device (9G) transmits signals by wired transmission or wireless transmission.

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