Preparation method of titanium bronze alloy wire

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of copper alloy preparation, and relates to a preparation method of a titanium bronze alloy wire, raw materials comprise the following elements in percentage by mass: 1.75-2.25 wt% of Ti, 0.4-0.6 wt% of Cr and the balance of copper; comprising the following steps: S1, preparing materials; s2, vacuum casting; s3, forging; s4, hot extrusion; s5, drawing is conducted; s6, solid solution treatment; s7, cold wire drawing; and S8, annealing. The titanium bronze alloy wire which is good in strength and plasticity, high in dimensional precision, smooth and uniform in appearance, stable in mechanical property and capable of meeting the requirements of wires for copper alloy welding forming is prepared, the preparation method is simple and suitable for large-scale industrial production, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of copper alloy preparation, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a titanium bronze alloy wire. Background Art

[0002] Titanium bronze alloy is a copper alloy material with high strength, hardness and elasticity. Its performance is comparable to that of beryllium bronze. It has the advantages of excellent wear resistance, fatigue resistance, heat resistance and corrosion resistance. It can withstand pressure processing in hot and cold states. Therefore, it is widely used in electrical switches, relay components, vacuum tube sockets, precision gears, etc.

[0003] In view of the excellent performance of titanium bronze, titanium bronze wire, as a special product, can be used in the fields of marine development, weapons and equipment, aerospace, etc. with high strength, hardness and conductivity. At present, the mass fraction of titanium element in the American standard C19900 / C19910 titanium bronze is 2.9-3.5w%. It can achieve higher strength through work hardening and precipitation hardening, but it is easy to have problems such as cracks and broken wires in wire processing. Chinese invention patent CN112458332A discloses a titanium bronze alloy rod and its preparation method and application. This titanium bronze alloy has good comprehensive performance, but this method cannot obtain titanium bronze wire below Φ5.0mm.

[0004] Therefore, a method for preparing titanium bronze alloy wire is needed to prepare titanium bronze alloy wire with high dimensional accuracy, smooth and uniform appearance, and stable mechanical properties, which can meet the requirements of copper alloy welding forming wire. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a titanium bronze alloy wire. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0006] A method for preparing a titanium bronze alloy wire, wherein the mass percentage of each element of the raw material is 1.75-2.25wt% Ti, 0.4-0.6wt% Cr, and the balance is copper;

[0007] The steps include: S1 material preparation; S2 vacuum melting and casting; S3 forging; S4 hot extrusion; S5 drawing; S6 solutionizing; S7 cold drawing; and S8 annealing.

[0008] The present invention adopts low titanium components to avoid the generation of oxidation slag during the smelting process due to excessive titanium content, resulting in component segregation. A small amount of Cr is added to hinder the growth of grains during hot working heating, refine the grains, and improve the cold working performance. The present invention can prepare titanium bronze wires with a diameter of less than Φ5.0mm, which have good strength and plasticity, can meet the requirements of copper alloy automatic welding forming wires, and the preparation method is simple and suitable for large-scale industrial production.

[0009] Furthermore, the method for preparing the titanium bronze alloy wire specifically comprises the following steps:

[0010] S1 Material preparation: clean and dry the raw materials, mix them according to the element mass percentage, clean and dry the inner wall of the crucible and the casting mold, spray the casting mold with a release agent and bake it for later use;

[0011] S2 Vacuum melting and casting: The raw materials are vacuum melted, and after slagging, the molten copper is introduced into the tundish in the vacuum casting chamber, and then the molten copper is poured into the mold, and after cooling and solidification, the mold is demolded to obtain a copper alloy ingot;

[0012] S3 forging: After the riser and the bottom of the copper alloy ingot are cut off, the copper alloy ingot is heated and kept warm before forging to obtain a copper alloy billet;

[0013] S4 hot extrusion: remove the oxide scale from the copper alloy bar blank, perform hot extrusion, and cool in water to obtain a copper alloy bar;

[0014] S5 drawing: cold drawing the copper alloy rod to obtain a copper alloy wire blank;

[0015] S6 solid solution: solid solution of copper alloy wire billet, water cooling, and then peeling to remove oxide scale;

[0016] S7 cold wire drawing: the copper alloy wire billet that has been peeled and descaled is subjected to pass drawing to obtain a copper alloy wire material;

[0017] S8 annealing: annealing the copper alloy wire in a protective atmosphere.

[0018] In the preparation of titanium bronze alloy wire, the casting and pouring processes are carried out in a vacuum environment, which can reduce the burning and oxidation of elements and ensure the accuracy of the composition; a forging process is added before hot extrusion to avoid defects such as cracks caused by coarse cast grains during hot extrusion or wire drawing.

[0019] Furthermore, the raw materials are electrolytic copper plates, chromium-copper alloys, and titanium-copper alloys.

[0020] Furthermore, in the step S1, the baking temperature of the casting mold is ≥200°C, the thickness of the sprayed release agent is 1-3mm, and the release agent is a zircon powder release agent.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S2, when the raw materials are vacuum smelted, the electrolytic copper plate and the chromium-copper alloy are first melted, and then the titanium-copper alloy is added and heated to 1250-1280°C and stirred to melt. The vacuum degree of vacuum smelting is -0.1MPa and the melting temperature is 1250-1280°C; the vacuum degree of the vacuum casting chamber is -0.1MPa, and the pouring temperature is 1200-1210°C.

[0022] Furthermore, in the step S3, the heating and heat preservation temperature is 850-900°C, and the heating and heat preservation time is 1-2h; and the forging adopts three upsetting and three drawing.

[0023] In the preparation of the titanium bronze alloy wire material, the invention adopts multiple upsetting and drawing processes to refine the grains, improve the uniformity of the structure, and further avoid defects such as cracks caused by coarse grains of the cast structure during hot extrusion or wire drawing.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S4, the hot extrusion temperature is 850-900° C., the holding time is 1-2 h, the extrusion speed is 0.8-2 m / s, and the extrusion ratio is 18-35%.

[0025] Furthermore, in the step S5, the single deformation amount of the cold drawing is 20-40%.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S6, the solution temperature is 800-850° C., and the holding time is 20-45 min.

[0027] Furthermore, in step S7, the cold drawing is performed at room temperature, single-mode or multi-mode multi-pass drawing, and the deformation of each pass is 20-40%. After single-mode or multi-mode multi-pass drawing, the diameter Φ of the copper alloy wire can reach 1.0-2.0 mm.

[0028] Furthermore, in the step S8, the annealing temperature is 400-500° C., the holding time is 6-8 hours, and the protective atmosphere is nitrogen.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] The invention prepares titanium bronze alloy wire material with good strength and plasticity, high dimensional accuracy, smooth and uniform appearance, stable mechanical properties, and capable of meeting the requirements of copper alloy welding forming wire. The preparation method is simple, suitable for large-scale industrial production, and reduces production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the preparation of titanium bronze alloy wire;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of a product according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a metallographic diagram of a product according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a physical picture of the product of the comparative example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with embodiments. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0036] Example:

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing a titanium bronze alloy wire comprises the following steps:

[0038] S1 Material preparation: clean and dry the raw materials of electrolytic copper plate, chromium-copper alloy and titanium-copper alloy, and mix them according to the weight percentage of the following elements: Ti1.85%, Cr0.4%, and the balance copper; clean and dry the inner wall of the crucible and the casting mold, then spray the inner wall of the casting mold with a uniform zircon powder release agent of about 2 mm thickness, and then bake it at a baking temperature of 200-300°C.

[0039] S2 Vacuum melting and casting: melt the raw materials in a vacuum induction furnace, vacuum -0.1MPa, melting temperature 1270℃, after slagging, introduce molten copper into the tundish in the vacuum casting chamber, vacuum -0.1MPa, pour the molten copper into the mold, pouring temperature 1210℃, demold after cooling and solidification to obtain copper alloy ingot.

[0040] S3 forging: After the riser and the bottom of the copper alloy ingot are cut off, it is heated to 900℃ in a box-type heating furnace and kept warm for 2 hours. It is hot forged in an air hammer with a final forging temperature of 840℃. The upsetting and drawing are performed 3 times each to obtain a copper alloy bar blank.

[0041] S4 hot extrusion: After the copper alloy bar blank is turned to remove the oxide scale, hot extrusion is performed on a 2800T horizontal extruder at a hot extrusion temperature of 890°C, a holding time of 1.5h, an extrusion speed of 1.5m / s, an extrusion ratio of 19%, and water seal cooling to obtain a copper alloy bar.

[0042] S5 drawing: The copper alloy rod is drawn on a 50T drawing machine with a single deformation of 30% to obtain a copper alloy wire billet.

[0043] S6 solution treatment: The copper alloy wire billet is solution treated in a box-type heating furnace at a temperature of 850°C for 30 minutes, cooled with water, and then peeled to remove the oxide scale.

[0044] S7 cold wire drawing: The copper alloy wire billet that has been peeled and descaled is drawn in an inverted wire drawing machine and a pulley wire drawing machine in succession to obtain copper alloy wire material. The deformation of a single drawing pass is ≤40%. The billet size of the inverted wire drawing machine changes from Φ20 to Φ7mm, and the billet size of the pulley wire drawing machine changes from Φ7 to Φ1.6mm.

[0045] S8 annealing: heat the copper alloy wire to 460°C in a vertical bell furnace, keep it warm for 8 hours, and complete annealing under nitrogen protection.

[0046] Comparative Example:

[0047] A method for preparing a titanium bronze alloy wire comprises the following steps:

[0048] S1 Material preparation: clean and dry the raw materials of electrolytic copper plate, chromium-copper alloy and titanium-copper alloy, and mix them according to the weight percentage of the following elements: Ti1.85%, Cr0.4%, and the balance copper; clean and dry the inner wall of the crucible and the casting mold, then spray the inner wall of the casting mold with a uniform zircon powder release agent of about 2 mm thickness, and then bake it at a baking temperature of 200-300°C.

[0049] S2 non-vacuum melting and casting: melt the raw materials in a vacuum induction furnace with a vacuum of -0.1MPa and a melting temperature of 1270°C. After slag removal, introduce molten copper into the tundish in the casting chamber and pour the molten copper into the mold at a pouring temperature of 1210°C. After cooling and solidification, demold the raw materials to obtain a copper alloy ingot.

[0050] S3 hot extrusion: After the copper alloy ingot is turned to remove the oxide scale, it is hot extruded in a 2800T horizontal extruder with a hot extrusion temperature of 890°C, a holding time of 1.5h, an extrusion speed of 1.5m / s, an extrusion ratio of 19%, and water seal cooling to obtain a copper alloy rod.

[0051] S4 drawing: The copper alloy rod is drawn on a 50T drawing machine with a single deformation of 30% to obtain a copper alloy wire billet.

[0052] S5 solution treatment: The copper alloy wire billet is solution treated in a box-type heating furnace at a temperature of 890°C for 30 minutes, cooled with water, and then peeled to remove the oxide scale.

[0053] S6 Cold Wire Drawing: The copper alloy wire billet that has been peeled and descaled is drawn in an inverted wire drawing machine and a pulley wire drawing machine in succession to obtain copper alloy wire material. The deformation of a single drawing pass is ≤40%. The billet size of the inverted wire drawing machine changes from Φ20 to Φ7mm, and the billet size of the pulley wire drawing machine changes from Φ7 to Φ1.6mm.

[0054] S7 annealing: heat the copper alloy wire to 460°C in a vertical bell furnace, keep it warm for 8 hours, and complete annealing under nitrogen protection.

[0055] The titanium bronze alloy wires obtained in the examples and comparative examples were subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0056] Table 1 Performance test results of embodiments and comparative examples

[0057]

[0058] “-” means not measured because the comparative product has crack defects.

[0059] It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that, compared with the improved process of the embodiment and the comparative example, the titanium bronze alloy wire of the present invention has good strength, plasticity, electrical conductivity and other characteristics. Figure 2 It can be seen that the surface of the titanium bronze alloy wire of the present invention is smooth and uniform, without defects such as cracks and broken wires; Figure 3 It can be seen that after aging, the grains are refined, the chromium-titanium compound is evenly distributed between the grains, and there are no defects such as cracks and inclusions. It can be seen that the titanium bronze alloy wire prepared by the present invention can meet the requirements of copper alloy welding forming wire, and the preparation method is simple and suitable for large-scale industrial production.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a titanium bronze alloy wire, characterized in that: The mass percentage of each element of the raw material is 1.75-2.25wt% Ti, 0.4-0.6wt% Cr, and the balance is copper; The steps include: S1 material preparation; S2 vacuum melting and casting; S3 forging; S4 hot extrusion; S5 drawing; S6 solutionizing; S7 cold drawing; and S8 annealing.

2. The method for preparing the titanium bronze alloy wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S1 Material preparation: clean and dry the raw materials, mix the ingredients according to the element mass percentage, clean and dry the inner wall of the crucible and the casting mold, spray the casting mold with a release agent and bake it for later use; S2 Vacuum melting and casting: The raw materials are vacuum melted, and after slagging, the molten copper is introduced into the tundish in the vacuum casting chamber, and then the molten copper is poured into the mold, and after cooling and solidification, the mold is demolded to obtain a copper alloy ingot; S3 forging: After the riser and the bottom of the copper alloy ingot are cut off, the copper alloy ingot is heated and kept warm before forging to obtain a copper alloy billet; S4 hot extrusion: remove the oxide scale from the copper alloy bar blank, perform hot extrusion, and cool in water to obtain a copper alloy bar; S5 drawing: cold drawing the copper alloy rod to obtain a copper alloy wire blank; S6 solution treatment: the copper alloy wire billet is solution treated, water cooled, and then peeled to remove the oxide scale; S7 cold wire drawing: the copper alloy wire blank which has been peeled and descaled is subjected to pass drawing to obtain a copper alloy wire material; S8 annealing: annealing the copper alloy wire in a protective atmosphere.

3. The method for preparing the titanium bronze alloy wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: The raw materials are electrolytic copper plate, chromium copper alloy and titanium copper alloy.

4. The method for preparing the titanium bronze alloy wire according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step S1, the baking temperature of the casting mold is ≥200°C, the thickness of the sprayed release agent is 1-3mm, and the release agent is a zircon powder release agent.

5. The method for preparing the titanium bronze alloy wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, when the raw materials are vacuum smelted, the electrolytic copper plate and the chromium-copper alloy are first melted, and then the titanium-copper alloy is added and heated to 1250-1280°C and stirred to melt. The vacuum of the vacuum smelting is -0.1MPa and the melting temperature is 1250-1280°C; the vacuum of the vacuum casting chamber is -0.1MPa and the pouring temperature is 1200-1210°C.

6. The method for preparing the titanium bronze alloy wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step S3, the heating and heat preservation temperature is 850-900°C, and the heating and heat preservation time is 1-2h; the forging adopts three upsetting and three drawing.

7. The method for preparing the titanium bronze alloy wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the hot extrusion temperature is 850-900° C., the heat preservation time is 1-2 hours, the extrusion speed is 0.8-2 m / s, and the extrusion ratio is 18-35%.

8. The method for preparing the titanium bronze alloy wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step S6, the solution temperature is 800-850° C., and the holding time is 20-45 min.

9. The method for preparing the titanium bronze alloy wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step S7, the cold wire drawing is performed at room temperature, with single-mode or multi-mode multi-pass wire drawing, and the deformation amount of a single pass is 20-40%.

10. The method for preparing the titanium bronze alloy wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step S8, the annealing temperature is 400-500° C., the holding time is 6-8 hours, and the protective atmosphere is nitrogen.

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