Anchoring device and method for lunar heavy equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an anchoring device and method for lunar surface heavy equipment, and relates to the technical field of intelligent construction of deep space engineering. The anchoring device comprises a flywheel energy storage device, an anchor rod device, a supporting device and a moving device. Wherein the flywheel energy storage device provides power for enabling the anchor rod device to drill holes; the anchor rod device is used for drilling into lunar soil; the supporting device moves downwards along with deepening of a drill hole in the drilling process to provide supporting. The moving device is used for suspending the flywheel energy storage device. The device is simple in structure, convenient to construct and capable of carrying out construction activities in the lunar surface environment with low consumption, high frequency and long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of deep space engineering intelligent construction technology, and specifically provides an anchoring device and method for lunar heavy equipment. Background Art

[0002] Lunar exploration is a hot spot in the international deep space exploration competition in the future. Various countries have successively announced their own lunar exploration plans and ideas in different forms. Although the lunar planning ideas of various countries are different, the overall goal is to establish a lunar base, and through the lunar base, achieve the progress of basic science and exploration technology and explore deeper space. The lunar base is mainly composed of the lunar base center system, lunar surface transportation system, cis-lunar space transportation system, resource development and utilization system, take-off and landing system and energy system. Although it is determined to use in-situ resource utilization technology to supply the medium- and long-term tasks and long-term operation of the lunar base, the initial construction of the lunar base is inseparable from the application of ground engineering equipment. The engineering equipment and related buildings of the lunar base must ensure that the lunar soil below has sufficient bearing capacity to achieve its own structural stability.

[0003] In order to more efficiently improve the carrying capacity of soft lunar soil, research on deep space engineering intelligent construction technology has been carried out worldwide, and some research results have been produced, but all of them have deficiencies to varying degrees, as recorded in the following public patents:

[0004] The publication number is CN110450985A, and its name is A microwave sintered pile composite lunar base for lunar surface construction and its construction method. The invention mainly designs a combined load-bearing system consisting of microwave surface sintering and in-hole sintering, which effectively improves the load-bearing capacity of the natural lunar soil layer. However, the heating equipment of this method is complicated, and the temperature required for microwave sintering of lunar soil is about 700~1000℃, which consumes a large amount of lunar surface energy, and the thermal conductivity of the lunar soil is poor, which cannot ensure that the microwave sintered piles reach the required load-bearing capacity.

[0005] According to existing research, lunar soil is a soft weathering material covering the lunar surface with varying thicknesses. The average thickness of lunar soil in the lunar sea is about 5.3m, and the average thickness of lunar soil in the highlands is about 10.7m. Its average particle size is about 72μm, and its particle morphology is diverse. Its special particle morphology causes the lunar soil to exhibit mechanical properties such as low tensile strength, large friction angle, low pressure expansion, and strength attenuation under high pressure conditions, and it has good grading effect and sedimentation ability. In summary, the surface structure of the lunar soil is soft, with poor mechanical properties and low bearing capacity. It cannot meet the structural stability requirements of heavy equipment and lunar surface buildings, and the existing anchoring methods cannot adapt to the bearing capacity of the lunar soil. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an anchoring device and method for heavy equipment on the lunar surface in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The device uses an energy storage flywheel as a power source, has a simple structure, is easy to construct, and can carry out construction activities in the lunar environment with low consumption, high frequency, and long life. The present invention also provides a lunar surface impact anchoring method, which uses a lunar surface anchoring device to penetrate an anchor pipe into the surface lunar soil, introduces an explosive impact force to insert a built-in anchor rod into the deep lunar soil, and then uses an explosive ball anchor to improve the pull-out resistance of the anchor rod, gradually forming a combined anchoring system of three impact anchor rods, a lunar soil bearing layer, and an equipment base. The present invention is designed based on the mechanical properties of the lunar surface lunar soil, and is adapted to the high vacuum and low gravity environment of the lunar surface. It can improve the bearing capacity of the lunar soil, prevent the lunar surface from sinking, and ensure the structural stability of lunar surface buildings and heavy equipment. The present invention achieves the solution to the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means:

[0007] On the one hand, the present invention provides an anchoring device for heavy equipment on the lunar surface, comprising: a flywheel energy storage device, an anchor rod device, a supporting device, and a moving device; wherein the flywheel energy storage device provides power for the anchor rod device to drill holes; the anchor rod device is used to drill holes into the lunar soil; the supporting device moves downward as the hole deepens during the drilling process to provide support; and the moving device is used to suspend the flywheel energy storage device.

[0008] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an anchoring method for heavy equipment on the lunar surface, comprising the following steps: Step S1: determine the diameter, length, spacing and arrangement of the toothed anchor pipe and the built-in anchor rod; use an anchoring device to fix them above the required drilling position, install the toothed anchor pipe under the flywheel energy storage device, start the motor, and the toothed anchor pipe continues to penetrate into the loose lunar soil on the lunar surface along with the step drill bit, and the lunar soil residue is discharged along the groove. When the toothed anchor pipe is completely penetrated into the surface lunar soil, the motor stops drilling.

[0009] Step S2: Fix the upper anchoring device of the lunar soil, insert the fixing nail into the hole, fix the position of the main top plate, and then start the blasting device. The built-in anchor rod is inserted into the deep lunar soil under the impact force inside the toothed anchor tube;

[0010] Step S3: After the built-in anchor rods have impacted the deep lunar soil, the explosive structure inside the explosive ball anchor is activated, and the internal ball anchor rods thereof rush out to the surroundings under the impact of the explosion, further compacting the deep lunar soil;

[0011] Step S4: Based on the determined spacing and arrangement of the toothed anchor pipes and the internal anchor rods, the anchoring device is used to cycle through steps S2 and S3, and the joint system formed by the same toothed anchor pipes is drilled in sequence, so as to interact and squeeze the surrounding lunar soil in the loose lunar soil to form a stable and non-sinking lunar base structure;

[0012] Step S5: Determine the interface parameters of the equipment base according to the parameters of the lunar surface equipment interface, and connect and fix the anchor pipe interface of the equipment base to the built-in anchor rod in the lunar soil.

[0013] Step S6: Based on the data of lunar-based structures and lunar surface equipment, for lunar surface structures and small equipment with low requirements for lunar-based stability, no anchoring agent is added, and the equipment base is directly fixed with bolts; while for lunar surface structures and heavy equipment with high requirements for lunar-based stability, high-pressure grouting equipment is selected.

[0014] Step S6: According to the data of lunar-based buildings and lunar surface equipment, lunar surface buildings and small equipment with low requirements for lunar-based stability do not need to add anchoring agents, and the equipment base can be directly fixed with bolts; while lunar surface buildings and heavy equipment with high requirements for lunar-based stability can choose high-pressure grouting equipment, connect the grouting joint with the anchor pipe interface, and inject the anchoring agent into the surface drill hole through the anchor pipe interface to make the anchoring agent fully contact with the serrated anchor pipe and lunar soil, thereby enhancing the adhesion of the serrated anchor pipe and improving the pull-out resistance of the serrated anchor pipe. After the grouting is completed, the equipment base is fixed with bolts, and the equipment can be connected through the equipment interface.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are as follows: the anchoring device and method for lunar heavy equipment provided by the present invention, (1) adopts an energy storage flywheel suitable for the lunar environment as the power source of the anchoring device to construct a lunar anchoring device, which has a simple structure and is easy to construct, and can carry out construction activities in the lunar environment with low consumption, high frequency and long life. (2) Combining the engineering principle of ground friction piles and the lunar soil conditions of low tensile strength and large friction angle, a lunar impact anchor rod is designed. The fast response impact allows the anchor rod and explosive ball anchor rod to quickly compact the surrounding lunar soil, effectively improving the anti-sinking ability and bearing capacity of the lunar soil layer. (3) A new lunar anchoring method is proposed, and a joint anchoring system formed by three impact anchor rods, a lunar soil bearing layer and an equipment base is designed, which can provide a stable and reliable interface for lunar-based buildings and lunar equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lunar surface anchoring device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a combined anchoring system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the equipment base;

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the medium explosion ball anchor;

[0020] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the process of forming a combined anchoring system by an anchoring device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1-single rope hoist, 2-rear steel frame, 3-connector, 4-main body slider, 5-main body top plate, 6-top bearing, 7-motor, 8-flywheel rotor, 9-magnetic bearing, 10-bottom bearing, 11-flywheel slider, 12-blasting device, 13-built-in anchor rod, 14-toothed anchor pipe, 15-step drill bit, 16-fixing nail, 17-front support leg, 18-conical foot, 19-equipment base, 20-explosive ball anchor, 21-lunar surface equipment interface, 22-anchor pipe interface, 23-ball anchor rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in each embodiment of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.

[0023] like Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an anchoring device for lunar heavy equipment of the present invention, which includes: a flywheel energy storage device, an anchor rod device, a support device, and a moving device. The flywheel energy storage device provides power for the anchor rod device to drill holes; the anchor rod device is used to drill holes into the lunar soil; the support device moves downward as the hole deepens during the drilling process to provide support; and the moving device is used to suspend the flywheel energy storage device.

[0024] The flywheel energy storage device is the power source of the equipment. Its technical features of high power, fast response, high frequency and long life are suitable for the lunar drilling system, including the main body top plate 5, top bearing 6, motor 7, flywheel rotor 8, magnetic bearing 9 and bottom bearing 10. The main body top plate 5 is installed below the connector 3, and the top bearing 6 and motor 7 are embedded inside. The left and right parts of the main body top plate 5 are respectively connected to the main body slider 4, and can move up and down on the guide rail with the main body slider 4; the top bearing 6, motor 7, flywheel rotor 8, magnetic bearing 9 and bottom bearing 10 are the basic structure of the flywheel energy storage device, the top is connected to the main body top plate 5, and the left and right parts of the basic structure of the flywheel energy storage device are respectively connected to the flywheel slider 11, and the overall structure can move downward on the guide rail with the flywheel slider 11 during the drilling process.

[0025] like Figure 2As shown, the anchor device is a device for squeezing and stabilizing the equipment in the lunar soil, including a blasting device 12, a built-in anchor rod 13, a toothed anchor pipe 14, a stepped drill bit 15, an explosive ball anchor 20, and a ball anchor anchor rod 23. The toothed anchor pipe 14 is hollow inside, with a built-in anchor rod 13 placed in the middle, connected to the blasting device 12 at the top, and connected to the stepped drill bit 15 at the bottom. The toothed protrusion structure is evenly distributed on the outside, which can provide better traction during the construction process, increase the contact area between the anchor pipe and the lunar soil and slurry, enhance the adhesion of the anchor pipe, and improve the pull-out resistance of the anchor pipe; the blasting device 12 can provide a small impact force and is installed inside the toothed anchor pipe 14. When the anchor pipe penetrates the lunar soil to the designed depth, and the support on the surface of the lunar soil When the support device is fixed, start the blasting device 12, and the downward impact force provided will insert the built-in anchor rod 13 into the deep lunar soil to form a friction pile structure; the built-in anchor rod 13 is installed inside the toothed anchor tube 14, and a buckle with a radius slightly lower than the toothed anchor tube 14 is provided on the top to prevent the built-in anchor rod 13 from being separated from the toothed anchor tube 14 during the process of penetrating into the lunar soil due to excessive impact force; the stepped drill bit 15 has a stepped structure, and the overall radius is larger than the toothed anchor tube 14, and the surface is provided with grooves for the movement of the lunar soil, which is convenient for drilling. The explosive ball anchor 20 is installed at the bottom of the built-in anchor rod 13, and the installation position is flush with the stepped drill bit 15. The interior is also provided with an explosive structure and 6 ball anchor rods 23, such as Figure 4 As shown, when the built-in anchor rod 13 penetrates into the lunar soil and squeezes the surrounding lunar soil, the explosion structure inside the explosive ball anchor 20 provides impact force, causing the six ball anchor rods 23 to rush out from the explosive ball anchor 20, further squeezing the lunar soil around the rod, increasing the contact area with the lunar soil, thereby improving the friction strength and pull-out resistance.

[0026] The support device includes a rear steel frame 2, a fixing nail 16, a front support leg 17, and a conical foot 18. The rear steel frame 2 has a stable and strong structure, and its left and right parts are respectively provided with rigid guide rails, which can make the flywheel energy storage device move downward as the drilling hole deepens during the drilling process, and a conical foot 18 is provided at the bottom; the top of the front support leg 17 is connected to the main body top plate 5, and when the main body top plate 5 moves downward, the front support leg 17 begins to shrink. When the anchor pipe is completely penetrated into the surface lunar soil, the fixing nail 16 is inserted into the hole, and the front support leg 17 stops shrinking. The bottom is provided with a conical foot 18; the conical structure of the conical foot 18 can be inserted into the loose lunar soil on the lunar surface, and the fixing device can make the overall structure stable.

[0027] The moving device includes a single rope hoist 1, a connector 3, a main body slider 4, and a flywheel slider 11. The single rope hoist 1 is placed on the top of the rear steel frame 2, and the flywheel energy storage device can be suspended by connecting the connector 3 at the top of the main body top plate 5; the main body slider 4 and the flywheel slider 11 can facilitate the flywheel energy storage device to move up and down.

[0028] In this example, Figure 5 A method for anchoring heavy equipment on the lunar surface is introduced, including the following steps:

[0029] Step S1: According to the requirements of the lunar surface project to be carried out, combined with the interface parameters of the lunar-based buildings and lunar surface equipment, the geological conditions of the lunar-based site selection area are investigated to determine the diameter, length, spacing and arrangement of the toothed anchor pipe 14 and the built-in anchor rod 13. The anchor device is fixed above the required drilling position, the toothed anchor pipe 14 is installed below the flywheel energy storage device, and the motor is started. The toothed anchor pipe 14 continues to penetrate the loose lunar soil on the lunar surface with the stepped drill bit, and the lunar soil residue is discharged with the groove. When the toothed anchor pipe 14 is completely penetrated into the surface lunar soil, the motor stops drilling.

[0030] Step S2: Fix the upper anchoring device of the lunar soil, insert the fixing nail 16 into the hole, fix the position of the main top plate 5, and then start the blasting device 12. Under the action of the impact force inside the toothed anchor tube 14, the built-in anchor rod 13 is quickly inserted into the deep lunar soil, squeezing the surrounding lunar soil to produce a friction pile effect.

[0031] Step S3: After the built-in anchor rod 13 completes the impact on the deep lunar soil, the internal explosion structure of the explosive ball anchor 20 is activated. The internal ball anchor rod 23 rushes out to the surroundings under the action of the explosion impact, further compacting the deep lunar soil and increasing the contact area with the lunar soil, thereby improving the friction strength and pull-out resistance.

[0032] Step S4: Based on the determined spacing and arrangement of the serrated anchor tubes 14 and the built-in anchor rods 13, the anchoring device is used to cycle steps S2 and S3, and two identical serrated anchor tubes 14 are drilled in sequence. The combined system formed by the three serrated anchor tubes 14 interacts with each other in the loose lunar soil to squeeze the surrounding lunar soil, forming a stable and non-sinking lunar-based structure.

[0033] Step S5: Determine the interface parameters of the equipment base 19 according to the parameters of the lunar-based structure and the lunar surface equipment interface 21, and connect and fix the anchor pipe interface 22 of the equipment base 19 to the built-in anchor rod 13 in the lunar soil.

[0034] Step S6: According to the data of lunar-based buildings and lunar surface equipment, lunar surface buildings and small equipment with low requirements for lunar-based stability do not need to add anchoring agents, and the equipment base can be directly fixed with bolts; while lunar surface buildings and heavy equipment with high requirements for lunar-based stability can choose high-pressure grouting equipment, connect the grouting joint with the anchor pipe interface, and inject the anchoring agent into the surface drill hole through the anchor pipe interface to make the anchoring agent fully contact with the serrated anchor pipe and lunar soil, thereby enhancing the adhesion of the serrated anchor pipe and improving the pull-out resistance of the serrated anchor pipe. After the grouting is completed, the equipment base is fixed with bolts, and the equipment can be connected through the equipment interface.

[0035] like Figure 3As shown, the equipment base 19 includes an equipment interface 21 and an anchor pipe interface 22. The triangular stable structure can be configured with three anchor pipe interfaces 22, and the number of anchor pipe interfaces 22 can also be adjusted according to the required stability of the equipment. The equipment interface 21 is set in the middle, and the equipment and the base are connected by bolt fixing.

[0036] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchoring device for heavy equipment on the lunar surface, characterized in that: include: Flywheel energy storage device, anchor device, support device, moving device; Wherein, the flywheel energy storage device provides the power for the anchor device to drill holes; The anchor device is used to drill holes into the lunar soil; The support device moves downward as the hole deepens during the drilling process to provide support; The moving device is used to suspend the flywheel energy storage device.

2. The anchoring device for heavy equipment facing the lunar surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flywheel energy storage device includes a main body top plate, a top bearing, a motor, a flywheel rotor, a magnetic bearing, and a bottom bearing; the main body top plate is installed below the connector, and the top bearing and the motor are embedded inside; the left and right parts of the main body top plate are respectively connected to the main body slider, and move up and down on the guide rail with the main body slider; the top bearing, the motor, the flywheel rotor, the magnetic bearing, and the bottom bearing are the basic structure of the flywheel energy storage device, the top of the basic structure of the flywheel energy storage device is connected to the main body top plate, and the left and right parts of the basic structure of the flywheel energy storage device are respectively connected to the flywheel slider, and move downward on the guide rail with the flywheel slider during the drilling process.

3. The anchoring device for heavy equipment facing the lunar surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anchor device includes a blasting device, a built-in anchor, a serrated anchor pipe, a step drill bit, an explosive ball anchor, and a ball anchor anchor; the serrated anchor pipe is hollow inside, with a built-in anchor placed in the middle, connected to the blasting device at the top, and connected to the step drill bit at the bottom, with serrated protrusion structures evenly distributed on the outside; the blasting device provides a small impact force and is installed inside the serrated anchor pipe. When the serrated anchor pipe penetrates the lunar soil to the designed depth, the blasting device is started, and the downward impact force provided inserts the built-in anchor into the deep lunar soil to form a friction pile structure; the built-in anchor is installed inside the serrated anchor pipe, and a buckle with a radius lower than that of the serrated anchor pipe is provided on the top.

4. The anchoring device for heavy equipment facing the lunar surface according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step drill bit has a stepped structure, with a radius larger than the toothed anchor tube, and a groove on the surface for the movement of lunar soil to facilitate hole drilling; the explosive ball anchor is installed at the bottom of the built-in anchor rod, and the installation position is flush with the step drill bit. An explosive structure and multiple ball anchor rods are provided inside. When the built-in anchor rod penetrates into the lunar soil and squeezes the surrounding lunar soil, the explosive structure inside the explosive ball anchor provides impact force, causing multiple ball anchor rods to rush out of the explosive ball anchor.

5. The anchoring device for heavy equipment facing the lunar surface according to claim 4, characterized in that: The supporting device comprises a rear steel frame, fixing nails, front supporting legs and conical feet; the left and right parts of the rear steel frame are respectively provided with rigid guide rails, so that the flywheel energy storage device moves downward as the drilling hole deepens during the drilling process, and a conical foot is provided at the bottom; the top of the front supporting leg is connected to the main body top plate, and when the main body top plate moves downward, the front supporting leg begins to shrink. When the anchor pipe is completely penetrated into the surface lunar soil, the fixing nail is inserted into the hole, and the front supporting leg stops shrinking, and a conical foot is provided at the bottom.

6. The anchoring device for heavy equipment facing the lunar surface according to claim 4, characterized in that: The moving device includes a single-rope hoist, a connector, a main body slider, and a flywheel slider; the single-rope hoist is placed on the top of the rear steel frame, and the flywheel energy storage device is suspended by connecting the connector on the top of the main body top plate; the main body slider and the flywheel slider enable the flywheel energy storage device to move up and down.

7. A method for anchoring heavy equipment on the lunar surface, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Determine the diameter, length, spacing and arrangement of the toothed anchor pipe and the built-in anchor rod; use an anchor device to fix them above the desired drilling position, install the toothed anchor pipe below the flywheel energy storage device, start the motor, and the toothed anchor pipe continues to penetrate the loose lunar soil on the lunar surface with the stepped drill bit, and the lunar soil residue is discharged along the groove. When the toothed anchor pipe is completely penetrated into the surface lunar soil, the motor stops drilling; Step S2: Fix the upper anchoring device of the lunar soil, insert the fixing nail into the hole, fix the position of the main top plate, and then start the blasting device. The built-in anchor rod is inserted into the deep lunar soil under the impact force inside the toothed anchor tube; Step S3: After the built-in anchor rods have impacted the deep lunar soil, the explosive structure inside the explosive ball anchor is activated, and the internal ball anchor rods thereof rush out to the surroundings under the impact of the explosion, further compacting the deep lunar soil; Step S4: Based on the determined spacing and arrangement of the toothed anchor pipes and the internal anchor rods, the anchoring device is used to cycle through steps S2 and S3, and the joint system formed by the same toothed anchor pipes is drilled in sequence, so as to interact and squeeze the surrounding lunar soil in the loose lunar soil to form a stable and non-sinking lunar base structure; Step S5: Determine the interface parameters of the equipment base according to the parameters of the lunar surface equipment interface, and connect and fix the anchor pipe interface of the equipment base to the built-in anchor rod in the lunar soil; Step S6: Based on the data of lunar-based structures and lunar surface equipment, for lunar surface structures and small equipment with low requirements for lunar-based stability, no anchoring agent is added, and the equipment base is directly fixed with bolts; while for lunar surface structures and heavy equipment with high requirements for lunar-based stability, high-pressure grouting equipment is selected.

8. A lunar surface impact anchoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The arrangement method is chosen to be an equilateral triangle arrangement.

9. A lunar surface impact anchoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The equipment base includes an equipment interface and an anchor pipe interface. The triangular stable structure is configured with three anchor pipe interfaces, or the number of anchor pipe interfaces is adjusted according to the required stability of the equipment. The equipment interface is set in the middle, and the equipment and the base are connected by bolts.

10. A lunar surface impact anchoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific method of grouting is: connect the grouting joint and the anchor pipe interface, inject the anchor into the surface drill hole through the anchor pipe interface, so that the anchor is in full contact with the serrated anchor pipe and the lunar soil. After the grouting is completed, use bolts to fix the equipment base and connect the equipment through the equipment interface.

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