High-frequency breaking hammer and environment-friendly tunnel excavation method

Abstract

The invention provides a high-frequency breaking hammer and an environment-friendly tunnel excavation method. The high-frequency breaking hammer and the environment-friendly tunnel excavation method are used for solving the problem that in the prior art, backward centrifugal force of an eccentric block of a vibration exciter is not reasonably utilized. The device comprises an outer box body, a vibration exciter, a hammer head, a first energy absorption mechanism, a connecting rod and a plurality of spray heads, a water bag is arranged in a first energy absorption mechanism, a plurality of nozzles are arranged at the front end of an outer box body, and negative pressure is formed in the water bag by utilizing forward centrifugal force of an eccentric block of a vibration exciter, so that water is absorbed into the water bag; the water bag is compressed by utilizing the backward centrifugal force of the eccentric block of the vibration exciter, so that the pressure in the water bag is increased, and the water in the water bag is sprayed on a corresponding stone or an object needing to be crushed through the spray head; on one hand, the backward centrifugal force of the eccentric block of the vibration exciter is dissipated, on the other hand, the dust falling effect is achieved, and dust is prevented from disturbing the view of operators and affecting the body health of the operators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction, and in particular relates to a high-frequency breaker and an environmentally friendly tunnel excavation method. Background Art

[0002] The principle of high-frequency breaker is: the hydraulic motor drives the eccentric block to rotate and generate exciting force, and the box of the exciter transmits the vibration to the hammer head, and the vibrating hammer head does work on the object, thereby achieving the purpose of crushing. When working, the high-frequency breaker is driven by the working arm of the tunnel boring machine to perform excavation operations. The working arm of the tunnel boring machine drives the working tip of the high-frequency breaker to always be close to the part to be crushed, and the impact force of the exciter is used to impact the part to be crushed. Among them, the impact force of the exciter comes from the centrifugal force generated when the eccentric block makes a circular motion. The eccentric block makes a circular motion when working, and the direction of the centrifugal force it generates changes cyclically in the circumferential direction. Among them, the centrifugal force toward the front is an effective impact operation power, and the centrifugal force toward the rear cannot be used for impact operations, and needs to be buffered by a buffer structure to avoid excessive vibration.

[0003] In the prior art, the buffer structure is usually implemented by airbags, springs and other structures. During the use of the high-frequency breaker, the centrifugal force of the eccentric wheel of the vibrator to the rear can be absorbed by the buffer structure, thereby dissipating energy and reducing the impact on the boom of the tunnel boring machine. However, the centrifugal force of the eccentric block of the vibrator to the rear also has strong kinetic energy. Although the buffer structure can play a role in vibration reduction, it also indirectly causes the waste of this part of energy. Therefore, how to reasonably utilize the centrifugal force of the eccentric block of the vibrator to the rear is of great significance. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-frequency breaker and an environmentally friendly tunnel excavation method, which are used to solve the problem that the centrifugal force of the eccentric block of the exciter to the rear is not reasonably utilized in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present invention provides a high-frequency breaker, including: an outer box, an exciter, a hammer head, a first energy absorbing mechanism, a connecting rod, and a plurality of nozzles; the exciter is arranged in the outer box, and the hammer head is arranged at the front end of the exciter; the connecting rod is arranged on the outer box and connected to the exciter; the first energy absorbing mechanism is arranged in the outer box, and one end of the first energy absorbing mechanism is connected to the inner wall of the outer box, and the other end is connected to the rear end of the exciter; a plurality of nozzles are arranged at intervals on one end of the outer box close to the hammer head; the first energy absorbing mechanism includes a water bag, the water bag includes a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is connected to a water source, and the water outlet is connected to the nozzle; when the exciter drives the hammer head to move forward, the water bag is stretched, and water enters the water bag through the water inlet; when the exciter drives the hammer head to move backward, the water bag is compressed, and the water in the water bag is sprayed out through the nozzle.

[0006] Optionally, the first energy absorption mechanism includes a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate, a water inlet switch assembly and a water outlet switch assembly; the first mounting plate is arranged on the rear end of the vibrator, and the second mounting plate is arranged on the outer box body; one end of the water bag is arranged on the first mounting plate, and the other end is arranged on the second mounting plate; the water inlet and the water outlet are arranged on the second mounting plate; the water inlet switch assembly is arranged in the water bag, one end of which is connected to the first mounting plate, and the other end is connected to the second mounting plate, for opening or closing the water inlet; the water outlet switch assembly is arranged on the second mounting plate for opening or closing the water outlet; when the vibrator drives the hammer head to move forward, the water bag is stretched, and the water inlet switch assembly opens the water inlet; when the vibrator drives the hammer head to move forward a first distance, the water inlet switch assembly closes the water inlet; when the vibrator drives the hammer head to move backward, the water bag is compressed, and the water outlet switch assembly opens the water outlet.

[0007] Optionally, the water inlet switch assembly includes two first clamping members, a first elastic member, a sealing member, a trigger member, a sleeve and a second elastic member; the sleeve is a hollow cylindrical structure with an open end and a closed end, and the open end is connected to the water inlet; a first boss is arranged in the open end of the sleeve; two relatively arranged avoidance openings are arranged on the outer surface of the sleeve, and the extension direction of the avoidance openings is the same as the extension direction of the sleeve; the sealing member is arranged in the sleeve for abutting against the first boss to seal the open end of the sleeve; two first clamping parts are arranged at intervals on the sealing member, and the first clamping part, the avoidance opening and the first clamping member are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the end of the first clamping part away from the sealing member passes through the avoidance opening and is connected to the first clamping member; the first elastic member is arranged in the sleeve, one end of which is connected to the closed end of the sleeve, and the other end is connected to the sealing member, so that the sealing member maintains the open end of the sealing sleeve; the two first clamping parts are arranged at intervals on the first mounting plate, And it is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate; one end of the first clamping piece away from the first mounting plate is provided with a second clamping piece for connecting to the first clamping part; the first clamping piece is also provided with a triggering part for connecting to the triggering piece, and the triggering piece is arranged on the second mounting plate and is used to connect to the triggering part so that the first clamping part is disengaged from the second clamping part; one end of the second elastic piece is connected to one of the first clamping pieces, and the other end is connected to the other first clamping piece, and the second elastic piece is used to keep the two first clamping pieces in a state that can be clamped with the first clamping part; when the exciter drives the hammer head to move forward, the water bag is stretched, the second clamping part of the first clamping piece is connected to the first clamping part, and drives the sealing piece to move forward, so that water can enter the water bag through the water inlet and the avoidance hole; when the exciter drives the hammer head to move forward a first distance, the triggering piece is connected to the triggering part to disengage the second clamping part from the first clamping part, thereby causing the sealing piece to close the water inlet.

[0008] Optionally, a first guide column is also provided at the closed end of the sleeve, and the first guide column is a hollow columnar structure; a second guide column is provided on the sealing member, and the second guide column is slidably connected to the first guide column; a first elastic member is sleeved on the second guide column, one end of which is connected to the sealing member, and the other end is connected to the first guide column; a first sealing member is also provided in the first guide column, and the first sealing member is used to abut against the outer side surface of the second guide column to prevent water from entering the first guide column; and / or, the water outlet switch assembly includes a sealing sleeve, a baffle and a third elastic member; the sealing sleeve is arranged in the water outlet of the second mounting plate, a second boss is provided at one end of the sealing sleeve, and a third boss is provided at the other end; the baffle and the third elastic member are arranged in the sealing sleeve, one end of the third elastic member is connected to the third boss, and the other end is connected to the baffle, and the end of the baffle away from the third elastic member is used to abut against the second boss. Optionally, a third guide column is also provided on the second mounting plate, and the third guide column is a hollow columnar structure; the fourth guide column is a hollow columnar structure; the outer wall of the fourth guide column is slidably connected to the inner wall of the third guide column; the trigger member is provided on the outer surface of the third guide column; a second sealing member is also provided in the third guide column, and the second sealing member is used to abut against the outer side surface of the fourth guide column to prevent water from entering the third guide column.

[0009] Optionally, a fifth guide column is also provided in the third guide column, the fifth guide column is a hollow columnar structure, and the fifth guide column is connected to the second mounting plate; a fourth elastic member and a first sliding column are provided in the fifth guide column, one end of the fourth elastic member is connected to the second mounting plate, and the other end is connected to the first sliding column; a sixth guide column is also provided in the fourth guide column, the sixth guide column is a hollow columnar structure, the sixth guide column is connected to the first mounting plate, and the outer side wall of the sixth guide column is slidably connected to the outer side wall of the fifth guide column; a second sliding column and a fifth elastic member are provided in the sixth guide column, one end of the fifth elastic member is connected to the first mounting plate, and the other end is connected to the second sliding column; a sixth elastic member is also provided in the sixth guide column, one end of the sixth elastic member is connected to the second sliding column, and the other end is connected to the first sliding column; the elastic coefficient of the sixth elastic member is smaller than the elastic coefficients of the fourth elastic member and the fifth elastic member.

[0010] Optionally, a plurality of first protrusions are arranged at intervals on the outer side surface of the first sliding column, a plurality of first sliding grooves are arranged on the inner side wall of the fifth guide column, and the first sliding grooves and the first protrusions are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; a plurality of second protrusions are arranged on the outer side surface of the sixth guide column, and the second protrusions and the first sliding grooves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; a plurality of third protrusions are arranged on the outer side wall of the second sliding column, and a plurality of second sliding grooves are arranged on the inner side wall of the sixth guide column, and the third protrusions and the second sliding grooves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0011] Optionally, multiple second energy absorbing mechanisms are also included; the second energy absorbing mechanisms are arranged on the inner side wall of the outer box body and are located on the excitation path of the hammer head. The second energy absorbing mechanisms are used to abut against the exciter when the hammer head moves backward beyond a second distance to absorb the backward force of the hammer head; and / or, when the hammer head moves forward beyond a third distance, the second energy absorbing mechanism abuts against the exciter to absorb the forward force of the hammer head.

[0012] Optionally, the second energy absorption mechanism includes a third mounting plate, a fourth mounting plate and a seventh elastic member; the third mounting plate is connected to the inner wall of the outer box body, the fourth mounting plate is slidingly connected to the outer box body, one end of the seventh elastic member is connected to the fourth mounting plate, and the other end is connected to the third mounting plate.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an environmentally friendly tunnel excavation method, including a tunnel boring machine using a high-frequency breaker as described above, and also including: an upper step section excavation step: using the tunnel boring machine using the high-frequency breaker to excavate the upper step section from bottom to top; a lower step section excavation step: after the excavation of the upper step section is completed, using the tunnel boring machine using the high-frequency breaker to excavate forward at one time to a distance similar to the total footage of the upper step section. As described above, a high-frequency breaker and an environmentally friendly tunnel excavation method of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects: a water bag is arranged in the first energy absorbing mechanism, and a plurality of nozzles are arranged at the front end of the outer box body, and the centrifugal force of the eccentric block of the vibrator toward the front is used to form a negative pressure in the water bag, thereby completing the absorption of water into the water bag; the centrifugal force of the eccentric block of the vibrator toward the rear is used to compress the water bag, so that the pressure in the water bag is increased, and the water in the water bag is sprayed onto the corresponding stone or object to be broken through the nozzle; on the one hand, the centrifugal force of the eccentric block of the vibrator toward the rear is dissipated to prevent the centrifugal force from damaging the mechanical arm due to repeated force, thereby extending the service life of the equipment; on the other hand, the dust reduction effect is achieved to prevent dust from interfering with the operator's field of vision and affecting the operator's health. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency breaker hammer according to the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram showing a high-frequency breaker according to the present invention, in which the side plate on one side of the outer casing is omitted.

[0016] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a first energy absorbing mechanism of a high-frequency breaker according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the first energy absorption mechanism of a high-frequency breaker according to the present invention, omitting the water bag.

[0018] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional view at an angle of the first energy absorbing mechanism of a high-frequency breaker according to the present invention after omitting the water bag.

[0019] Figure 6 Shown as the present invention Figure 5 An enlarged schematic diagram of point A in FIG.

[0020] Figure 7 Shown as the present invention Figure 5 An enlarged schematic diagram of point B in FIG.

[0021] Figure 8 Shown is a partial structural schematic diagram of a first energy absorbing mechanism of a high-frequency breaker hammer of the present invention.

[0022] Fig. 9 Shown is another partial structural schematic diagram of the first energy absorbing mechanism of a high-frequency breaker hammer of the present invention.

[0023] Fig.10 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a second energy absorbing mechanism of a high-frequency breaker according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by means of specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0025] Please refer to all the following drawings. It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0026] The following embodiments are only for illustration purposes and can be combined with each other, and are not limited to the contents presented in the following single embodiments.

[0027] See also Figure 1-3The present invention provides a high-frequency breaker, comprising: an outer box 100, a vibration exciter 200, a hammer head 300, a first energy absorbing mechanism 400, a connecting rod 500, and a plurality of nozzles 600; the vibration exciter 200 is arranged in the outer box 100, and the hammer head 300 is arranged at the front end of the vibration exciter 200; the connecting rod 500 is arranged on the outer box 100 and connected to the vibration exciter 200; the first energy absorbing mechanism 400 is arranged in the outer box 100, and one end of the first energy absorbing mechanism 400 is connected to the inner side wall of the outer box 100, and the other end is connected to the vibration exciter 200. The rear end of the vibrator 200 is connected; a plurality of nozzles 600 are spaced apart at one end of the outer box 100 close to the hammer head 300; the first energy absorbing mechanism 400 includes a water bag 1, and the water bag 1 includes a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is connected to the water source, and the water outlet is connected to the nozzle 600; when the vibrator 200 drives the hammer head 300 to move forward, the water bag 1 is stretched, and water enters the water bag 1 through the water inlet; when the vibrator 200 drives the hammer head 300 to move backward, the water bag 1 is compressed, and the water in the water bag 1 is sprayed out through the nozzle 600.

[0028] The vibrator 200 may include a hydraulic motor and an eccentric block. The hydraulic motor is connected to the hydraulic system of the tunnel boring machine to drive the eccentric block to rotate, thereby driving the hammer head 300 to move forward or backward. When the hammer head 300 moves forward, the centrifugal force generated by the vibrator 200 acts on the corresponding stone or object to be crushed through the hammer head 300 to complete the crushing operation; when the hammer head 300 moves backward, the hammer head 300 is away from the stone or the object to be crushed to facilitate the next crushing operation. The vibrator 200 is connected to the outer box 100 through the connecting rod 500, so that the vibrator 200 drives the hammer head 300 to move relative to the outer box 100. The specific structure and working principle of the vibrator 200, the connecting rod 500, the nozzle 600 and the hammer head 300 are prior art, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0029] The water bag 1 can be made of elastic materials such as rubber. Elastic materials such as rubber have good elasticity and flexibility and can be repeatedly stretched and compressed during the reciprocating motion of the exciter 200 without permanent deformation or damage.

[0030] In this embodiment, a water bag 1 is arranged in the first energy absorbing mechanism 400, and a plurality of nozzles 600 are arranged at the front end of the outer box body 100. The centrifugal force of the eccentric block of the vibrator 200 toward the front is used to form a negative pressure in the water bag 1, so as to absorb water into the water bag 1. The centrifugal force of the eccentric block of the vibrator 200 toward the rear is used to compress the water bag 1, so that the pressure in the water bag 1 is increased, and the water in the water bag 1 is sprayed onto the corresponding stone or object to be broken through the nozzle 600. On the one hand, the centrifugal force of the eccentric block of the vibrator 200 toward the rear is dissipated, so as to prevent the centrifugal force from damaging the mechanical arm due to repeated force, thereby extending the service life of the equipment. On the other hand, the dust reduction effect is achieved to prevent dust from interfering with the operator's field of vision and affecting the operator's health.

[0031] See also Figure 3-5 The first energy absorbing mechanism 400 may include a first mounting plate 2, a second mounting plate 3, a water inlet switch assembly and a water outlet switch assembly 5; the first mounting plate 2 is arranged at the rear end of the vibrator 200, and the second mounting plate 3 is arranged on the outer box body 100; one end of the water bag 1 is arranged on the first mounting plate 2, and the other end is arranged on the second mounting plate 3; the water inlet and the water outlet are arranged on the second mounting plate 3; the water inlet switch assembly is arranged in the water bag 1, one end of which is connected to the first mounting plate 2, and the other end is connected to the second mounting plate The mounting plate 3 is connected and is used to open or close the water inlet; the water outlet switch assembly 5 is arranged on the second mounting plate 3 and is used to open or close the water outlet; when the vibrator 200 drives the hammer head 300 to move forward, the water bag 1 is stretched, and the water inlet switch assembly opens the water inlet; when the vibrator 200 drives the hammer head 300 to move forward a first distance, the water inlet switch assembly closes the water inlet; when the vibrator 200 drives the hammer head 300 to move backward, the water bag 1 is compressed, and the water outlet switch assembly 5 opens the water outlet.

[0032] The first mounting plate 2 can be fixed to the rear end of the vibrator 200 by bolts or screws, and the corresponding second mounting plate 3 can also be fixed to the side wall of the outer box 100 by bolts or screws. Two through holes are provided on the side wall to which the second mounting plate 3 is fixed, and the two through holes are respectively provided corresponding to the water inlet and the water outlet, so that the water inlet pipe passes through the through hole to connect with the water inlet; the water outlet pipe passes through the through hole to connect with the nozzle 600. The water inlet pipe can be connected to a water tank provided on the tunnel boring machine, or to a water tank or a water reservoir provided on the construction site, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0033] See also Figure 3-9Specifically, the water inlet switch assembly may include two first clamping parts 41, a first elastic part 42, a sealing part 43, a trigger part 44, a sleeve 45 and a second elastic part 46; the sleeve 45 is a hollow cylindrical structure with an open end and a closed end, and its open end is connected to the water inlet; a first boss 451 is arranged in the open end of the sleeve 45; two oppositely arranged avoidance openings 452 are arranged on the outer surface of the sleeve 45, and the extension direction of the avoidance opening 452 is the same as the extension direction of the sleeve 45.

[0034] The seal 43 is arranged in the sleeve 45, and is used to abut against the first boss 451 to seal the open end of the sleeve 51. The first boss 451 can be an annular structure protruding from the inner side wall of the sleeve 45. The seal 43 is a disc structure, which is used to abut against the first boss 451, so as to play the role of sealing the open end of the sleeve 51. The seal 43 can be provided with two first clamping parts 431 at intervals. The first clamping parts 431, the avoidance opening 452, and the first clamping part 41 are arranged one by one. The first clamping part 431 can be a strip structure, one end of which is connected to the outer side wall of the seal 43, and the other end passes through the avoidance opening 452 and is connected to the first clamping part 41. The first elastic member 42 is arranged in the sleeve 45, one end of which is connected to the closed end of the sleeve 45, and the other end is connected to the seal 43, and is used to make the seal 43 maintain the open end of the sealing sleeve 51. In this embodiment, the first elastic member 42 is a spring. In other implementations, the first elastic member 42 may also be other structures, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0035] Two first clamping members 41 are arranged at intervals on the first mounting plate 2 and are rotatably connected to the first mounting plate 2; specifically, a rotating shaft can be arranged on the first clamping member 41, and a mounting seat for connecting with the rotating shaft can be arranged on the first mounting plate 2, so as to realize the rotatable connection between the first clamping member 41 and the first mounting plate 2. A second clamping portion 411 for connecting with the first clamping portion 431 is arranged at one end of the first clamping member 41 away from the first mounting plate 2. The second clamping portion 411 can be a buckle structure, which is used to hook the first clamping portion 431 when in use. Of course, the second clamping portion 411 can also be other structural forms, which is not limited in this embodiment. A first inclined surface is arranged on the second clamping portion 411, and a second inclined surface is arranged on the first clamping portion 431, so as to facilitate the connection between the first clamping portion 431 and the second clamping portion 411.

[0036] The first clamping member 41 is further provided with a triggering portion 412 for connecting with the triggering member 44. The triggering portion 412 may be provided on one side opposite to the two first clamping members 41 and protrude from the first inclined structure of the first clamping member 41. The inclined surface of the first inclined structure is provided toward the first mounting plate 2. The first inclined structure may be integrally formed with the first clamping member 41, or may be separately formed and fixed to the first clamping member 41 by screws or clamping.

[0037] The trigger member 44 can be fixedly mounted on the second mounting plate 3 by means of a supporting column or other structure. In this embodiment, the trigger member 44 is arranged on the outer side of the third guide column 31 on the second mounting plate 3. There are two trigger members 44, which are respectively arranged corresponding to the trigger portion 412 of one of the first clamping members 41, and the trigger member 44 is arranged between the two first clamping members 41. The trigger member 44 is provided with a third inclined surface and a non-inclined surface on the side opposite to the corresponding first clamping member 41. The non-inclined surface is arranged close to the first mounting plate 2, and the third inclined surface is arranged away from the first mounting plate 2, and the third inclined surface is arranged gradually away from the corresponding first clamping member 41 from the connection with the non-inclined surface. The third inclined surface is used to abut against the trigger portion 412, that is, the above-mentioned first inclined structure abuts, so that the two first clamping members 41 are respectively rotated with the connection point of the first mounting plate 2 as the center of the circle, so that the second clamping portion 411 and the first clamping portion 431 are separated.

[0038] One end of the second elastic member 46 is connected to one of the first clamping members 41, and the other end is connected to the other first clamping member 41. The second elastic member 46 is used to keep the two first clamping members 41 in a state where they can be clamped with the first clamping portion 431. Figure 4 The vertical state shown is the state when the extension direction of the first clamping member 41 is parallel to the central axis of the third guide column 31. The second elastic member 46 can be an elastic structure such as a tension spring or a spring, and of course can also be other structures, which are not limited in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the second elastic member 46 is a tension spring, and its two ends are respectively connected to a first clamping member 41. When the two first clamping members 41 are in Figure 4 When the first clamping member 41 is in a state where it can be clamped with the first clamping portion 431, the tension spring is not compressed or stretched, so that the tension spring is used to maintain this state. In one implementation, when the first clamping member 41 is in a state where it can be clamped with the first clamping portion 431, the non-inclined surface of the trigger member 44 abuts against the side surface of the corresponding first clamping member 41, so that the two first clamping members 41 will not rotate in a direction close to each other, so as to maintain their vertical state. It can be understood that at this time, the second elastic member 46 acts to prevent the two second clamping members from rotating in a direction away from each other.

[0039] The working principle of the water inlet switch assembly is as follows: when the hammer head 300 is in the backward movement, at the critical point of the forward movement, the second clamping part 411 of the first clamping part 41 is connected to the first clamping part 431. When the exciter 200 drives the hammer head 300 to move forward, the water bag 1 is gradually stretched. Since the second clamping part 411 of the first clamping part 41 is connected to the first clamping part 431, the seal 43 is driven to move forward. Since the seal 43 moves forward a certain distance, the seal 43 is separated from the first boss 451, so that water can enter the water bag 1 through the water inlet and the avoidance hole, and the first elastic member 42 is compressed at this time.

[0040] After the vibrator 200 drives the hammer 300 to move forward for a certain distance, the trigger member 44 is connected to the trigger portion 412, specifically, the third inclined surface of the trigger member 44 gradually contacts the first inclined structure, and at this time, the first clamping member 41 rotates with the connection point with the first mounting plate 2 as the center. When the vibrator 200 drives the hammer 300 to move forward to the first distance, the second clamping portion 411 is disengaged from the first clamping portion 431, and then the sealing member 43 is abutted against the first boss 451 under the elastic force of the first elastic member 42, thereby closing the water inlet. It can be understood that the first distance can be the displacement amount of the hammer 300 driven forward by the vibrator 200 when the water bag 1 is filled with water. Of course, in other implementations, the first distance can also be the displacement amount of the hammer 300 driven forward by the vibrator 200 when the water bag 1 is filled with a certain volume of water, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0041] The closed end of the sleeve 45 is also provided with a first guide column 453, which is a hollow columnar structure; the seal 43 is provided with a second guide column 432, which is slidably connected to the first guide column 453; the first elastic member 42 is sleeved on the second guide column 432, one end of which is connected to the seal 43, and the other end is connected to the first guide column 453. Specifically, the closed end of the sleeve 45 is provided with a sleeve 45 cap, the sleeve 45 is provided with an internal thread, and the closed end of the sleeve 45 is provided with an external thread. The sleeve 45 cap is connected to the sleeve 45 through a thread to close the closed end of the sleeve 45, so as to facilitate the setting of the closure member in the sleeve 45. The first guide column 453 is provided in the sleeve 45 cap, and a cavity for accommodating the second guide column 432 is provided in the first guide column 453. The second guide column 432 is arranged at one end of the seal 43 away from the first boss 451. The first elastic member 42 can be a structure made of elasticity. The first elastic member 42, the first guide column 453 and the second guide column 432 are provided to guide the movement of the seal 43. A first seal 4531 is also provided in the cavity of the first guide column 453. In this embodiment, the first seal 4531 is an O-ring, which is fixedly provided in the cavity of the first guide column 453 to prevent water from entering the cavity of the first guide column 453, thereby preventing the pressure in the cavity from increasing due to the water entering the cavity, and limiting the forward movement of the seal 43.

[0042] The second mounting plate 3 is also provided with a third guide column 31, which is a hollow columnar structure; the first mounting plate 2 is also provided with a fourth guide column 21, which is a hollow columnar structure, and the outer wall of the fourth guide column 21 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the third guide column 31; the trigger member 44 is provided on the outer surface of the third guide column 31. The third guide column 31 is provided with a cavity for accommodating the fourth guide column 21, and the trigger member 44 can be fixed on the outer surface of the third guide column 31 by a screw structure. The third guide column 31 and the fourth guide column 21 are provided to guide the movement of the first mounting plate 2, so as to prevent the water bag 1 from being offset during the movement. A second seal 311 is also provided in the third guide column 31. In this embodiment, the second seal 311 is an O-type seal 43, which is fixedly provided in the cavity of the third guide column 31 to prevent water from entering the cavity of the third guide column 31, and to avoid the pressure in the cavity increasing due to water entering the cavity, so as to limit the forward movement of the fourth guide column 21. In one implementation, a fourth inclined surface is provided at one end of the fourth guide column 21 close to the first mounting plate 2, and the fourth inclined surface is arranged toward the first mounting plate 2, so as to reduce the water resistance when the first mounting plate 2 moves close to the second mounting plate 3.

[0043] See also Figure 5 , 7The water outlet switch assembly 5 includes a sealing sleeve 51, a baffle 52 and a third elastic member 53; the sealing sleeve 51 is arranged in the water outlet of the second mounting plate 3, one end of the sealing sleeve 51 is provided with a second boss 511, and the other end is provided with a third boss 512; the baffle 52 and the third elastic member 53 are arranged in the sealing sleeve 51, one end of the third elastic member 53 is connected to the third boss 512, and the other end is connected to the baffle 52, and the end of the baffle 52 away from the third elastic member 53 is used to abut against the second boss 511. Specifically, the baffle 52 is a circular baffle 52, the inner diameter of the inner ring of the second boss 511 is smaller than the outer diameter of the baffle 52, and the inner diameter of the inner ring of the third boss 512 is also smaller than the outer diameter of the baffle 52, so as to prevent the baffle 52 from sliding out of the sealing sleeve 51. The third elastic member 53 is an elastic structure. In the present embodiment, the third elastic member 53 is a spring, which is used to reset the baffle 52 so as to make it abut against the second boss 511 .

[0044] The working principle of the water outlet switch assembly 5 is as follows: when the hammer head 300 is in the process of moving forward and when the hammer head 300 is at the critical point of moving backward after moving forward, the baffle 52 always abuts against the second boss 511, thereby sealing the water outlet. When the hammer head 300 moves backward, the pressure in the water bag 1 increases, so that under the action of the water pressure, the baffle 52 and the second boss 511 are disengaged, so that water flows out through the inner circle of the second boss 511, the gap between the baffle 52 and the inner side wall of the sealing sleeve 51, and the inner circle of the third boss 512, so that the water is transmitted to the nozzle 600 to achieve the effect of dust reduction. When the hammer head 300 is at the critical point of moving forward after moving backward, because the water in the water bag 1 has flowed out through the water outlet at this time, the baffle 52 abuts against the second boss 511 under the action of the third elastic member 53, thereby sealing the water outlet.

[0045] A fifth guide column 32 is also arranged inside the third guide column 31. The fifth guide column 32 is a hollow columnar structure and is connected to the second mounting plate 3. A fourth elastic member 321 and a first sliding column 322 are arranged inside the fifth guide column 32. A plurality of first protrusions are arranged at intervals on the outer side surface of the first sliding column 322. A plurality of first sliding grooves 323 are arranged on the inner side wall of the fifth guide column 32. The first sliding grooves 323 and the first protrusions are arranged one by one. The extension direction of the first protrusion and the first sliding groove 323 is the same as the extension direction of the fifth guide column 32, so as to guide the first sliding column 322 and prevent it from rotating relative to the fifth guide column 32. One end of the fourth elastic member 321 is connected to the second mounting plate 3, and the other end is connected to the first sliding column 322.

[0046] A sixth guide column 22 is also provided in the fourth guide column 21. The sixth guide column 22 is a hollow columnar structure. The sixth guide column 22 is connected to the first mounting plate 2, and the outer wall of the sixth guide column 22 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fifth guide column 32; a plurality of second protrusions 221 are provided on the outer surface of the sixth guide column 22, and the second protrusions 221 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the first slide groove 323; the extension direction of the second protrusion 221 is the same as the extension direction of the sixth guide column 22. The second protrusion 221 and the first slide groove 323 are provided to guide the sixth guide column 22 to prevent the sixth guide column 22 from rotating relative to the fifth guide column 32. The second sliding column 23 and the fifth elastic member 24 are arranged in the sixth guide column 22. A plurality of third protrusions are arranged on the outer wall of the second sliding column 23. A plurality of second slide grooves 222 are arranged on the inner wall of the sixth guide column 22. The third protrusions and the second slide grooves 222 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The extension direction of the third protrusion and the second slide groove 222 is the same as the extension direction of the sixth guide column 22, so as to guide the second sliding column 23 and prevent it from rotating relative to the sixth guide column 22. One end of the fifth elastic member 24 is connected to the first mounting plate 2, and the other end is connected to the second sliding column 23. The sixth guide column 22 also has a sixth elastic member 25, one end of the sixth elastic member 25 is connected to the second sliding column 23, and the other end is connected to the first sliding column 322.

[0047] The fourth elastic member 321, the fifth elastic member 24 and the sixth elastic member 25 are elastic structures. In this embodiment, the fourth elastic member 321, the fifth elastic member 24 and the sixth elastic member 25 are springs, which are used to absorb the backward force of the hammer head 300, and further achieve the effect of energy absorption. The elastic coefficient of the sixth elastic member 25 is less than the elastic coefficient of the fourth elastic member 321 and the fifth elastic member 24. In specific implementation, the elastic coefficients of the fourth elastic member 321 and the fifth elastic member 24 can be the same or different, as long as the elastic coefficients of the fourth elastic member 321 and the fifth elastic member 24 are greater than the elastic coefficient of the sixth elastic member 25. In this embodiment, the fourth elastic member 321 and the fifth elastic member 24 are of the same structure, that is, the material, elastic coefficient and length are the same.

[0048] During use, since the elastic coefficient of the sixth elastic member 25 is smaller than the elastic coefficients of the fifth elastic member 24 and the sixth elastic member 25, the sixth elastic member 25 is compressed first during the backward movement of the hammer head 300. At this time, the water in the water bag 1 can quickly flow out through the water outlet and be sprayed on the construction area of ​​the hammer head 300 through the nozzle 600, thereby achieving the purpose of dust reduction. As the hammer head 300 continues to move backward, the sixth elastic member 25, the fourth elastic member 321 and the fifth elastic member 24 are also compressed, so that the three can be used to absorb the backward force of the hammer head 300 and prevent the exciter 200 from colliding with the outer box 100. It can be understood that during the backward movement of the hammer head 300, the water bag 1 also plays an energy-absorbing role.

[0049] In addition, the hammer head 300 often encounters a hollow hammer phenomenon during use. The hollow hammer phenomenon refers to that the front end of the hammer head 300 moves forward for a long time when it does not abut against an object. Correspondingly, during the backward movement of the hammer head 300, due to the effects of centrifugal force and inertia, the displacement of the backward movement will also increase, and it may even happen that the limit position of the backward movement is greater than the limit position of the backward movement when it abuts against an object with greater hardness, which will aggravate the fatigue of the first energy absorption mechanism 400 and cause damage to the first energy absorption mechanism 400.

[0050] See also Figure 2 , 10 In this embodiment, the high-frequency breaker further includes a plurality of second energy absorbing mechanisms 700; the second energy absorbing mechanisms 700 are arranged on the inner side wall of the outer box 100 and are located on the excitation path of the hammer head 300. The second energy absorbing mechanisms 700 are used to abut against the exciter 200 when the hammer head 300 moves backwards beyond the second distance, so as to absorb the backward force of the hammer head 300. The second energy absorbing mechanism 700 can also be used to abut against the exciter 200 when the hammer head 300 moves forwards beyond the third distance, so as to absorb the forward force of the hammer head 300.

[0051] Specifically, the second energy absorbing mechanism 700 is arranged on the inner side of the top side wall of the outer box body 100. Of course, the second energy absorbing mechanism 700 can also be arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the outer box body 100 or on the inner side of the side walls on both sides. In this embodiment, the plurality of second energy absorbing mechanisms 700 are divided into two groups, each group of which is two second energy absorbing mechanisms 700, one of which is arranged on the inner side of the top side wall of the outer box body 100, and the other group of second energy absorbing mechanisms 700 is arranged on the inner side of the bottom side wall of the outer box body 100. The second energy absorbing mechanisms 700 of each group are arranged at intervals on the corresponding side walls, so that when the hammer head 300 moves backward beyond the second distance, the second energy absorbing mechanism 700 abuts against the exciter 200, thereby absorbing the backward force of the hammer head 300; or when it moves forward beyond the third distance, the second energy absorbing mechanism 700 abuts against the exciter 200, thereby absorbing the forward force of the hammer head 300.

[0052] The second distance referred to herein may be the maximum distance the hammer head 300 moves backward when the hammer head 300 does not move in a hollow hammer motion, or may be a value greater than the middle value of the distance the hammer head 300 moves backward when the hammer head 300 does not move in a hollow hammer motion. For example, when the hammer head 300 does not move in a hollow hammer motion, the distance it moves backward is 10 cm, and the second distance may be greater than 5 cm and less than or equal to 10 cm, and may be 6 cm, 7 cm, 8 cm, 9 cm, or 10 cm. When the hammer head 300 moves backward beyond the second distance, the second energy absorbing mechanism 700 and the first energy absorbing mechanism 400 work together to absorb the force of the hammer head 300 continuing to move backward, thereby preventing the first energy absorbing mechanism 400 from being damaged due to excessive force. In addition, when the hammer head 300 moves backward, the second energy absorbing mechanism 700 does not abut against the vibrator 200 in the early stage, so that the backward force of the hammer head 300 acts on the first energy absorbing mechanism 400, thereby facilitating the water in the water bag 1 of the first energy absorbing mechanism 400 to be sprayed out through the nozzle 600, thereby achieving the effect of dust reduction.

[0053] The third distance may be the maximum distance the hammer head 300 moves forward when no empty hammer movement occurs, or may be the maximum distance of the forward movement defined according to the actual use range of the high-frequency breaker. For example, according to the construction area of ​​the high-frequency breaker, when there are sensitive water bodies or buildings such as tunnels that have been opened to traffic in the construction area, in order to reduce the impact on the constructed buildings or sensitive water bodies, the third distance generated after the hammer head 300 moves forward is limited.

[0054] The second energy absorbing mechanism 700 includes a third mounting plate 6, a fourth mounting plate 7 and a seventh elastic member 8; the third mounting plate 6 is connected to the inner side wall of the outer box 100, the fourth mounting plate 7 is connected to the outer box 100 by sliding, one end of the seventh elastic member 8 is connected to the fourth mounting plate 7, and the other end is connected to the third mounting plate 6. Specifically, the third mounting plate 6 is fixedly connected to the top inner side wall or the bottom inner side wall of the outer box 100, and the third mounting plate 6 may also be provided with a reinforcing rib, and the provision of the reinforcing rib is to increase the stability of the third mounting plate 6. The seventh elastic member 8 is an elastic structure. In this embodiment, the seventh elastic member 8 is a spring, one end of the seventh elastic member 8 is connected to the third mounting plate 6, and the other end is connected to the fourth mounting plate 7, which is used to absorb the backward force of the hammer head 300. In addition, the sliding connection between the fourth mounting plate 7 and the outer box 100 enables the outer box 100 to provide an installation place for the fourth mounting plate 7, thereby preventing the seventh elastic member 8 and the fourth mounting plate 7 from deviating from the movement path of the hammer head 300, resulting in the inability to achieve the effect of vibration reduction.

[0055] The sliding connection between the fourth mounting plate 7 and the side wall of the outer box 100 can be: T-slots 9 are provided on the top side wall and the bottom side wall of the outer box 100, the extension direction of the T-slots 9 is the same as the movement path of the hammer head 300, and the small end of the T-slots 9 is arranged toward the exciter 200. A T-block 71 is provided on the fourth mounting plate 7, the small end of the T-block 71 is connected to the fourth mounting plate 7, and the small end is partially located in the T-slot 9, and the large end is at least partially located in the T-slot 9, so that the fourth mounting plate 7 can be slidably connected to the outer box 100. At this time, the T-slot 9 limits the T-block 71 and utilizes the function of the seventh elastic member 8, so that the movement path of the fourth mounting plate 7 and the hammer head 300 will not deviate, and it can also ensure that the second energy absorption mechanism 700 can play an energy absorption role.

[0056] In order to further ensure that the movement paths of the seventh elastic member 8, the fourth mounting plate 7 and the hammer head 300 will not be offset, a seventh guide column is provided on the third mounting plate 6, and the seventh guide column is a hollow columnar structure. An eighth guide column is provided on the fourth mounting plate 7. The seventh elastic member 8 is sleeved on the eighth guide column, one end of which abuts against the fourth mounting plate 7, and the other end abuts against the seventh guide column, thereby limiting the movement direction of the fourth mounting plate 7 and the seventh elastic member 8.

[0057] Another aspect of the present invention provides an environmentally friendly tunnel excavation method, comprising a tunnel boring machine using the high-frequency breaker hammer as described above, and further comprising: The excavation steps of the upper step section are as follows: the upper step section is excavated from bottom to top using a roadheader equipped with a high-frequency breaker. The roadheader equipped with a high-frequency breaker excavates the upper step section from bottom to top by using the roadheader to excavate the bottom free surface of the upper step section, and then excavate the left arch foot and the right arch foot. After the arch foot is excavated, the right or left tunnel face can be excavated. When the left tunnel face or the right tunnel face is excavated, the excavator or loader enters the corresponding excavated tunnel face to transfer the slag out, thereby improving the efficiency of tunnel excavation.

[0058] In addition, when excavating the upper step section, an excavator, loader or truck can be used behind the tunnel boring machine to directly receive the material and transport the cut slag to a designated location, such as transporting the slag to a stockpile yard.

[0059] After a cycle of excavation (e.g. 1 to 2 arches) of the upper step section, the TBM retreats to the rear, and the support trolley, shotcrete equipment, etc. are moved to the face to carry out the arch erection and grouting operations. After the support is completed, the TBM moves to the face and performs the upper step excavation and slag removal operations again. In this way, the excavation, slag removal and support cycle operations are repeated until the total footage of the upper step reaches a certain step distance, and the TBM retreats to the lower step for operation.

[0060] Steps for excavating the lower step section: After the excavation of the upper step section is completed, use a tunnel boring machine equipped with a high-frequency breaker to excavate forward at one time to a distance similar to the total footage of the upper step section.

[0061] After the excavation of the upper step section, the remaining sections are all the lower step excavation sections. The tunnel boring machine with a high-frequency breaker is used to advance forward to a distance close to the total footage of the upper step section at one time. The excavator, loader or truck is used to directly receive the materials at the rear and transport the cut slag to the designated location. When the lower step is excavated, the support trolley, shotcrete equipment, etc. are moved to the upper step face, and arch frame and shotcrete operations are carried out simultaneously. When the excavation of the lower step is completed, an inclined access road is left for the multifunctional tunnel boring machine to move to the upper level for operation. After the excavation of the lower step is completed, the tunnel boring machine moves to the upper step through the inclined access road. The support trolley, shotcrete equipment, etc. are moved to the lower step face, and arch frame and shotcrete operations are started.

[0062] After the tunnel boring machine reaches the upper step, it will again carry out excavation and slag removal operations on the upper step, and the upper and lower steps will be operated alternately in this way to complete the excavation construction of the entire large-section tunnel.

[0063] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high frequency breaker, characterized in that: include: Outer box, vibrator, hammer head, first energy absorbing mechanism, connecting rod, and multiple nozzles; The vibration exciter is arranged in the outer box, and the hammer head is arranged at the front end of the vibration exciter; The connecting rod is arranged on the outer box body and connected to the vibration exciter; The first energy absorbing mechanism is disposed in the outer box, and one end of the first energy absorbing mechanism is connected to the inner side wall of the outer box, and the other end is connected to the rear end of the exciter; A plurality of the nozzles are arranged at intervals on one end of the outer box body close to the hammer head; The first energy absorbing mechanism comprises a water bag, the water bag comprises a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is connected to a water source, and the water outlet is connected to a nozzle; When the vibrator drives the hammer head to move forward, the water bag is stretched, and water enters the water bag through the water inlet; When the vibrator drives the hammer head to move backward, the water bag is compressed, and the water in the water bag is sprayed out through the spray head.

2. A high frequency breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first energy absorbing mechanism includes a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate, a water inlet switch assembly and a water outlet switch assembly; The first mounting plate is arranged at the rear end of the vibration exciter, and the second mounting plate is arranged on the outer box body; One end of the water bag is arranged on the first mounting plate, and the other end is arranged on the second mounting plate; The water inlet and the water outlet are arranged on the second mounting plate; The water inlet switch assembly is arranged in the water bag, one end of which is connected to the first mounting plate, and the other end of which is connected to the second mounting plate, and is used to open or close the water inlet; The water outlet switch assembly is arranged on the second mounting plate, and is used to open or close the water outlet; When the vibrator drives the hammer to move forward, the water bag is stretched, and the water inlet switch assembly opens the water inlet; when the vibrator drives the hammer to move forward a first distance, the water inlet switch assembly closes the water inlet; When the vibrator drives the hammer head to move backward, the water bag is compressed, and the water outlet switch assembly opens the water outlet.

3. A high frequency breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water inlet switch assembly includes two first clamping parts, a first elastic part, a sealing part, a trigger part, a sleeve and a second elastic part; The sleeve is a hollow columnar structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the open end is connected to the water inlet; a first boss is arranged in the open end of the sleeve; two avoidance openings arranged opposite to each other are arranged on the outer surface of the sleeve, and the extending direction of the avoidance openings is the same as the extending direction of the sleeve; The sealing member is arranged in the sleeve and is used to abut against the first boss to seal the opening end of the sleeve; two first clamping parts are arranged at intervals on the sealing member, and the first clamping parts, the avoidance opening, and the first clamping member are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and one end of the first clamping part away from the sealing member passes through the avoidance opening and is connected to the first clamping member; The first elastic member is disposed in the sleeve, one end of which is connected to the closed end of the sleeve, and the other end is connected to the sealing member, so that the sealing member maintains sealing the open end of the sleeve; Two first clamping members are arranged on the first mounting plate at intervals and are rotatably connected to the first mounting plate; a second clamping portion for connecting to the first clamping portion is arranged at one end of the first clamping member away from the first mounting plate; the first clamping member is also provided with a triggering portion for connecting to a triggering member, and the triggering member is arranged on the second mounting plate and is connected to the triggering portion to disengage the first clamping portion from the second clamping portion; One end of the second elastic member is connected to one of the first clamping members, and the other end is connected to another first clamping member, and the second elastic member is used to keep the two first clamping members in a state of being able to be clamped with the first clamping portion; When the vibrator drives the hammer to move forward, the water bag is stretched, the second clamping portion of the first clamping member is connected to the first clamping portion, and drives the sealing member to move forward, so that water can enter the water bag through the water inlet and the avoidance hole; when the vibrator drives the hammer to move forward a first distance, the trigger member is connected to the trigger portion to disengage the second clamping portion from the first clamping portion, thereby causing the sealing member to close the water inlet.

4. A high frequency breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that: The closed end of the sleeve is also provided with a first guide column, and the first guide column is a hollow columnar structure; The sealing member is provided with a second guide post, and the second guide post is slidably connected to the first guide post; The first elastic member is sleeved on the second guide column, one end of the first elastic member is connected to the sealing member, and the other end of the first elastic member is connected to the first guide column; A first sealing member is further provided in the first guide column, and the first sealing member is used to abut against the outer side surface of the second guide column to prevent water from entering the first guide column; And / or, the water outlet switch assembly includes a sealing sleeve, a baffle and a third elastic member; the sealing sleeve is arranged in the water outlet of the second mounting plate, a second boss is arranged at one end of the sealing sleeve, and a third boss is arranged at the other end; the baffle and the third elastic member are arranged in the sealing sleeve, one end of the third elastic member is connected to the third boss, and the other end is connected to the baffle, and the end of the baffle away from the third elastic member is used to abut against the second boss.

5. A high frequency breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second mounting plate is also provided with a third guide column, and the third guide column is a hollow columnar structure; The first mounting plate is also provided with a fourth guide column, which is a hollow columnar structure; the outer side wall of the fourth guide column is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the third guide column; The trigger member is arranged on the outer side surface of the third guide column; A second sealing member is also provided in the third guide column, and the second sealing member is used to abut against the outer side surface of the fourth guide column to prevent water from entering the third guide column.

6. A high frequency breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fifth guide column is further disposed inside the third guide column, the fifth guide column is a hollow columnar structure, and the fifth guide column is connected to the second mounting plate; A fourth elastic member and a first sliding member are disposed in the fifth guide column, one end of the fourth elastic member is connected to the second mounting plate, and the other end is connected to the first sliding member; A sixth guide column is further disposed inside the fourth guide column, the sixth guide column is a hollow columnar structure, the sixth guide column is connected to the first mounting plate, and the outer side wall of the sixth guide column is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the fifth guide column; A second sliding column and a fifth elastic member are arranged in the sixth guide column, one end of the fifth elastic member is connected to the first mounting plate, and the other end is connected to the second sliding column; A sixth elastic member is further disposed in the sixth guide column, one end of the sixth elastic member is connected to the second sliding column, and the other end of the sixth elastic member is connected to the first sliding column; The elastic coefficient of the sixth elastic member is smaller than the elastic coefficients of the fourth elastic member and the fifth elastic member.

7. A high frequency breaker according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of first protrusions are arranged at intervals on the outer side surface of the first sliding column, a plurality of first sliding grooves are arranged on the inner side wall of the fifth guide column, and the first sliding grooves and the first protrusions are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; A plurality of second protrusions are arranged on the outer side surface of the sixth guide column, and the second protrusions are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first sliding grooves; A plurality of third protrusions are arranged on the outer side wall of the second sliding column, a plurality of second sliding grooves are arranged on the inner side wall of the sixth guide column, and the third protrusions and the second sliding grooves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

8. A high frequency breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of second energy absorbing mechanisms; the second energy absorbing mechanisms are arranged on the inner side wall of the outer box body and are located on the excitation path of the hammer head, and the second energy absorbing mechanisms are used for abutting against the exciter when the hammer head moves backwards beyond a second distance to absorb the backward force of the hammer head; And / or, when the hammer moves forward more than a third distance, the second energy absorbing mechanism abuts against the exciter to absorb the forward force of the hammer.

9. A high frequency breaker according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second energy absorption mechanism includes a third mounting plate, a fourth mounting plate and a seventh elastic member; the third mounting plate is connected to the inner side wall of the outer box body, the fourth mounting plate is slidably connected to the outer box body, one end of the seventh elastic member is connected to the fourth mounting plate, and the other end is connected to the third mounting plate.

10. An environmentally friendly tunnel excavation method, characterized in that: A tunneling machine comprising a high-frequency breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising: Steps for excavating the upper step section: excavate the upper step section from bottom to top using a tunnel boring machine equipped with a high-frequency breaker; Steps for excavating the lower step section: After the excavation of the upper step section is completed, use a tunnel boring machine equipped with a high-frequency breaker to excavate forward at one time to a distance similar to the total footage of the upper step section.

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