Conversion anchoring type building external wall thermal insulation structure and construction method

Abstract

The conversion anchoring type building outer wall heat preservation structure is arranged on the outer side of a building outer wall and comprises a heat preservation plate and a facing layer, a conversion layer is arranged between the heat preservation plate and the building outer wall, the conversion layer is connected with the building outer wall through structural ground anchors, and the conversion layer is of an on-site pouring forming structure; the insulation board is connected with the transfer layer through insulation board anchors; the structural anchor comprises a nail head, a nail body and a nail cap, the nail head penetrates into the wall body of the building outer wall and is firmly combined with the wall body of the building outer wall, threads are arranged on the nail body, and the nail head is a T-shaped nail cap and is located in the conversion layer. The heat insulation board anchoring nail comprises a heat insulation nail rod, a heat insulation nail head and a heat insulation nail cap, the heat insulation nail head is poured in the conversion layer, and the heat insulation board anchoring nail is matched with a corresponding construction method through the structure, and a heat insulation structure technical measure suitable for a newly-built building wall and suitable for an existing building wall is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention provides a device for creating a conversion anchoring type building exterior wall thermal insulation structure and a construction method, belonging to the technical field of exterior wall thermal insulation and building energy conservation. Background Art

[0002] With the gradual improvement of my country's building energy-saving standards, the thickness of the exterior wall insulation layer is getting thicker and thicker, and the anchoring requirements of the insulation layer and the base wall are increasing year by year. Whether it is the energy-saving renovation of the exterior walls of existing buildings or the laying of the insulation layer of new buildings, my country is facing the problem of increased additional loads on the building walls. The anchoring of the building wall base is an important technical measure related to the overall building quality and safety.

[0003] Existing exterior wall insulation structure and construction technology in my country:

[0004] 1. Thin plastering process: The insulation layer is fully spread on the exterior wall of the building and bonded to the exterior wall. At the same time, the insulation nails penetrate into the base wall for anchoring, commonly known as the bonding and anchoring process. After the insulation layer is fully bonded to the wall, plastering and leveling are carried out, and then the surface is finished.

[0005] 2. Bonding and anchoring composite insulation board process: The insulation layer is first occupied with the hard decorative panel to form a composite insulation board. During construction, the large middle surface of the insulation board is bonded to the wall, and the decorative panels around it are then anchored to the wall.

[0006] Technical defects of existing exterior wall insulation structures and construction techniques in my country:

[0007] 1. Rock wool thin plastering process:

[0008] New buildings: The specification requires that the bonding surface between the insulation layer and the wall be 70%, that is, there is a gap between the insulation layer and the wall, which increases the wind pressure and is prone to water leakage; the insulation nails anchored to the wall are expansion bolt type, that is, the anchor section is a plastic sleeve, which is prone to slippage and deformation, and it is very easy to cause the insulation layer to fall off;

[0009] Old building renovation: The newly added insulation layer increases the external load of the original insulation layer, making it more likely for the insulation layer to fall off as a whole; the insulation nails anchored to the base wall are still plastic expansion bolts, which are longer and have a greater external load. The base anchoring section is more likely to slip and deform, making it more likely for the insulation layer to fall off;

[0010] 2. External insulation board technology: Whether it is a newly built building or an old building renovation, the point bonding technology will result in more and larger gaps between the insulation layer and the base wall, which is more likely to produce adverse additional wind loads; the use of expansion bolts to anchor the base wall will also cause the problem of easy falling off.

[0011] In short, the core defect of the original process is a series of problems caused by the loose bonding between the insulation layer and the base wall and the loose anchoring. The point bonding method will definitely produce gaps, and the expansion bolt anchor is a post-anchoring process, which will definitely cause slippage and deformation. Summary of the invention

[0012] The invention provides a conversion anchoring type building exterior wall insulation structure and construction method, which is suitable for both newly built building walls and existing building walls insulation technical measures, and solves the common problem of easy falling off of building exterior wall insulation layers.

[0013] The invention is realized through the following technical scheme: a conversion anchoring type building exterior wall insulation structure, which is arranged on the outside of the building exterior wall, includes an insulation board and a finishing layer, a conversion layer is arranged between the insulation board and the building exterior wall, the conversion layer is connected to the building exterior wall through a structural anchor, and the conversion layer is a field cast-in-place structure; the structural anchor includes a nail head, a nail body and a nail cap, the nail head penetrates into the wall of the building exterior wall and is firmly combined with the wall of the building exterior wall, the nail body is provided with a thread, and the nail head is a T-shaped nail cap, which is located in the conversion layer.

[0014] The thermal insulation board comprises a thermal insulation material, a back plate and a coating. The back plate and the thermal insulation material are compositely formed, and holes are reserved on the back plate for strengthening the bonding and anchoring force.

[0015] A leveling layer is provided between the outer side of the insulation board and the finishing layer.

[0016] The insulation board is provided with an insulation board anchor nail, and the insulation board anchor nail includes an insulation nail rod, an insulation nail head, and an insulation nail cap; the insulation nail rod passes through the insulation board and is inserted into the conversion layer, and a thread is provided on the top. The insulation nail cap is disc-shaped and is arranged in the leveling layer of the outer layer of the insulation board. The insulation nail head is a dumbbell structure with an internal thread. The insulation nail head is combined with the insulation nail rod to press the insulation board, and the height of the insulation nail head is the same as the thickness of the conversion layer.

[0017] Temporary fixing anchor nails for the insulation board are arranged around the insulation board. The temporary fixing anchor nails for the insulation board pass through the conversion layer and are inserted into the outer wall of the building for temporarily fixing the insulation board.

[0018] The back plate is provided with an H-shaped clamp, and the two sides of the H-shaped clamp respectively clamp the back plates of the adjacent insulation plates to ensure the overall flatness; the H-shaped clamp is arranged at the plate seams of the insulation plates to seal the plate seams.

[0019] A compartment strip is arranged in the conversion layer, one end of the compartment strip is in contact with the building exterior wall, and the other end is in contact with the insulation board.

[0020] A conversion layer reinforcement net is arranged in the conversion layer.

[0021] The construction method of the conversion anchor type building exterior wall insulation structure comprises the following steps:

[0022] B) Accessories preparation: Preparation steps A) Spare parts required before on-site construction

[0023] C) Preparation of insulation board:

[0024] C1) Preparation of insulation layer: Select insulation materials according to design requirements and relevant national regulations;

[0025] C2) Prepare backboard: determine the material and specifications of the backboard according to the design requirements;

[0026] C3) Factory compounding;

[0027] C4) Lamination;

[0028] C5) Packing and delivery.

[0029] A) On-site construction:

[0030] A1) Clean the building exterior walls;

[0031] A2) Arrange structural anchors according to design requirements: adjust the number and location of structural anchors according to the region and building height;

[0032] A2.1) Positioning lines;

[0033] A2.2) Wall drilling; Anchor installation: The exposed size of the nail head shall not be larger than the designed thickness of the transfer layer;

[0034] A3)Insulation board installation and temporary fixation:

[0035] A3.1) Marking and positioning;

[0036] A3.2) Install the transfer layer reinforcement net;

[0037] A3.3) Install the insulation board anchor nails: 6-8 insulation nails per square meter, and the insulation nail heads and insulation nail caps clamp the insulation board;

[0038] A3.4) Insulation board in place: Insulation nail heads press against the wall;

[0039] A3.5) Install H-type clamps;

[0040] A3.6) Install the insulation board bolts and anchors;

[0041] A3.7) Install compartment strips;

[0042] A4) Casting of conversion layer: Stirring the material and pouring it into compartments to the designed height;

[0043] A5) The insulation boards are installed layer by layer from bottom to top and the conversion layer is poured compartment by compartment;

[0044] A6) Seal the joints of the insulation layer

[0045] A7) Leveling layer construction;

[0046] A8) Construction of finishing layer;

[0047] A9)Completed.

[0048] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0049] 1. Wide scope of application: applicable to both new buildings and existing buildings;

[0050] 2. The conversion layer adopts the pouring process, so that the insulation layer and the base wall are 100% bonded, eliminating the influence of negative wind pressure on the insulation layer and the building wall, that is, eliminating the hidden danger of the insulation layer and the wall falling off, and solving the problem of wall leakage;

[0051] 3. The transfer layer and the base wall are anchored with structural anchors, which meets the national standards for structural reinforcement. That is, from the perspective of force, the transfer layer is part of the wall structure;

[0052] 4. The insulation board anchor nails are cast in the transfer layer, which is pre-buried and combined with the wall, eliminating the slip and deformation risks of traditional insulation nails, that is, eliminating the risk of insulation layer falling off;

[0053] 5. The accessories are easy to prepare and the construction operation is simple;

[0054] 6. Low project cost;

[0055] 7. Meet all relevant national standards for exterior wall insulation design, construction and acceptance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the invention;

[0057] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the insulation layer structure;

[0058] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of structural anchor structure;

[0059] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the anchor structure of the insulation board;

[0060] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the connection between the keel and the structural anchor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. When describing the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the invention. Instead, they are only examples of devices consistent with some aspects of the invention as detailed in the attached claims.

[0062] Embodiment 1:

[0063] like Figure 1 A conversion anchoring building exterior wall insulation structure is shown, in which a building exterior wall 1, a conversion layer 2, an insulation board 3, a leveling layer 4 and a finishing layer 5 are sequentially arranged on the outside of the building exterior wall 1. In the figure, D1 is the wall thickness of the building exterior wall 1; D2 is the design thickness of the conversion layer 2; and D3 is the design thickness of the insulation board including the insulation layer and the back plate.

[0064] The building exterior wall 1 is a concrete wall or a masonry wall.

[0065] The core structure of the conversion layer 2 of the present invention has one side firmly connected to the building wall through the structural anchor 6, forming a part of the stable wall structure and serving as an anchoring layer for the insulation board to take root. The conversion layer 2 is formed by high-strength materials poured at the construction site, and the poured materials can be high-strength concrete, epoxy resin, etc. The conversion layer 2 is poured on site, so that the insulation board 3 is seamlessly attached to the wall structure, better resisting external loads such as wind pressure, and greatly avoiding the phenomenon of easy detachment of the insulation layer.

[0066] like Figure 2 The insulation board 3 shown is made of traditional materials and processes, and is generally an insulation material that meets national standards, such as rock wool. The insulation board 3 is connected to the conversion layer 2 through the insulation board anchor 7. The insulation board 3 includes an insulation material 3-1, a backboard 3-2 and a coating 3-3. The insulation material 3-1 is generally made of lightweight materials, such as rock wool. The backboard 3-2 is made of high-strength materials, such as cement boards, ceramic boards, steel plates, etc., which are composited with the insulation material 3-1 to form an insulation block with certain strength and rigidity; to increase the composite effect, the backboard 3-2 can be pre-drilled with some holes to strengthen the bonding and anchoring force of the insulation board. The coating 3-3 is a conventional process. D31 is the design thickness of the insulation material 3-1: it is determined by thermal calculation according to different materials. D32 is the design thickness of the backboard 3-2: it is determined according to mechanical calculations to ensure that the casting mold expansion phenomenon does not occur when the edge support is stable. And, D31+D32=D3.

[0067] After the insulation board 3 and the conversion layer 2 are anchored and connected, the surface of the leveling layer 4 needs to be leveled. In traditional technology, it is generally treated with glue powder mortar, etc. The finishing layer 5 is a traditional finishing panel.

[0068] like Figure 3 The structural anchor 6 shown is one of the core technical measures of the present invention. The so-called structural anchor is an anchor that meets the requirements of relevant national specifications and can be firmly combined with the wall base, such as expansion bolts, chemical bolts, etc. The structural anchor 6 includes a nail head 6-1, a nail body 6-2 and a nail cap 6-3. The nail head 6-1 penetrates into the base wall and is firmly combined with the base wall by mechanical means such as expansion bolt tube or chemical means such as epoxy injection material. The nail body 6-2 is threaded to enhance the anchoring force. The nail cap 6-3 is a special design of this patent. The nail cap is located in the conversion layer 2. Compared with the traditional straight rod, the T-shaped nail cap has a better anchoring effect with the conversion layer.

[0069] The insulation board 3 is provided with an insulation board anchor nail 7. Figure 4 As shown, it is made of traditional plastic materials to avoid cold bridges. The insulation board anchor nail 7 includes an insulation nail rod 7-1, an insulation nail head 7-2, and an insulation nail cap 7-3; the diameter and strength of the insulation nail rod 7-1 meet the requirements of national standards, and the head is threaded, which is convenient for connecting with the insulation nail head 7-2 and clamping the insulation board 3. The insulation nail head 7-2 is cast in the conversion layer 2. The insulation nail head 7-2 is a dumbbell-shaped structure with an internal thread. Its first function is to combine with the insulation nail rod 7-1 to clamp the insulation board 3; its second function is to limit, that is: the total height of the insulation nail head 7-2 is the thickness D2 of the conversion layer 2. The insulation nail cap 7-3 is disc-shaped, and its diameter and strength meet the requirements of relevant national standards. D2: The height of the nail head, which is also the design thickness of the conversion layer 2; D3: The design thickness of the insulation board 3.

[0070] Temporary fixing anchors 8 are provided around the insulation board 3. The temporary fixing anchors 8 are standard parts and are used to temporarily fix the insulation board around. The number is determined by the design to ensure that the insulation board 3 does not move when the conversion layer is poured.

[0071] An H-shaped clamp 9 is provided on the back plate 3-2. The H-shaped clamp 9 is a traditional standard part. The two sides of the H-shaped clamp respectively clamp the adjacent insulation board back plates 3-2 so that the positions of adjacent insulation boards are consistent to ensure the overall flatness. At the same time, the H-shaped clamp can also seal the insulation board seams to prevent leakage when the conversion layer is poured.

[0072] The conversion layer 2 is provided with compartment strips 10, which are made of flexible materials and can be round or square. The first function is to divide the compartments, so that the operation is convenient when the conversion layer 2 is poured; the second function is that after the compartments are divided, the conversion layer will not affect the overall rigidity of the building wall.

[0073] A transfer layer reinforcement mesh 11 is provided in the transfer layer 2, which may be a steel mesh or a glass fiber mesh, to enhance the overall strength and rigidity of the transfer layer.

[0074] An insulation layer joint seam 12 is provided between the insulation layers 3 and the insulation layers 3, which is a temporary gap formed during the process and needs to be sealed later.

[0075] During the specific construction:

[0076] 1) Accessories preparation: structural anchors 6, insulation board anchors 7, H-shaped clips, compartment strips 10, etc.

[0077] 2) Preparation of insulation board 3:

[0078] 2.1) Preparation of insulation layer: Select insulation materials according to design requirements and relevant national regulations;

[0079] 2.2) Backplane preparation: Determine the backplane material and specifications according to design requirements;

[0080] 2.3) Factory compounding: traditional technology;

[0081] 2.4) Lamination: traditional process;

[0082] 2.5) Packing and shipment.

[0083] 3) On-site construction:

[0084] 3.1) Wall base cleaning: traditional technology;

[0085] 3.2) Arrange structural anchors 6 according to design requirements: Arrange the number and location of structural anchors according to different regions, building heights and other factors; mark positioning; drill holes on the wall. Anchor installation: traditional technology, pay attention to the exposed size of the nail head shall not be greater than the design thickness of the transfer layer D2;

[0086] 3.3) Installation and temporary fixation of insulation board: Marking and positioning; Installing the transition layer reinforcement net; Installing insulation board anchor nails 7: At present, the national standard requires 6-8 insulation nails per square meter, and the nail heads and nail caps clamp the insulation board 3; Insulation board 3 in place: The insulation board anchor nail heads 7-2 are pressed against the wall; Installing H-shaped clamps 9; Installing insulation board bolt fixing anchor nails 8: The position and quantity are implemented according to the design requirements; Installing compartment strips 10: The position of the compartment strips is determined according to the on-site conditions, for example, three insulation boards can be used as a casting compartment, or five insulation boards can be used as a casting compartment;

[0087] 3.4) Casting conversion layer 2:

[0088] Mix the material; pour the water into the compartments to the designed height; install the insulation boards layer by layer from bottom to top and pour the conversion layer into each compartment; seal the joints of the insulation layer 12: just seal with the corresponding insulation material; construct the leveling layer: traditional process; construct the finishing layer: traditional process; completion.

[0089] Embodiment 2:

[0090] The other structures are the same as those in Example 1. The structural anchors 6 are arranged in a dispersed manner and are anchored to the conversion layer 2 through the nail heads 6-1. The keel can also be pre-anchored. The keel can be used to reinforce the original exterior wall insulation layer for the house renovation project; for the new construction project, it can improve the flatness of the exterior wall. The keel 13 is connected to the conversion layer 2, and the structure is as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0091] The thickness of the conversion layer 2 is controlled by the nail head 7-2 of the insulation board anchor nail 7. If the thickness of the conversion layer 2 is controlled by other methods, such as the keel described in the previous paragraph, the total height of the nail head should be less than the thickness of the conversion layer 2. The temporary fixing anchor nail 8 directly penetrates the wall 1. If the above-mentioned keel method is used, it can be directly anchored on the keel.

[0092] In addition, the outer side of the insulation board 3 has a leveling layer 4 and a finishing layer 5, which is a conventional "thin plastering" process. The "insulation and decorative integrated board" process can also be adopted, that is, the insulation board 3 has its own finishing layer, and there is no need to make a leveling layer 4 and a finishing layer 5.

Claims

1. A conversion anchoring type building exterior wall insulation structure, arranged on the outside of a building exterior wall (1), comprising an insulation board (3) and a facing layer (5), characterized in that: A conversion layer (2) is provided between an insulation board (3) and an exterior wall (1) of a building. The insulation board (3) is connected to the conversion layer (2) via insulation board anchors (7). The conversion layer (2) is connected to the exterior wall (1) of the building via structural anchors (6). The conversion layer (2) is an on-site cast-in-place structure. The structural anchor (6) comprises a nail head (6-1), a nail body (6-2) and a nail cap (6-3). The nail head (6-1) penetrates into the wall of the exterior wall (1) of the building and is firmly combined with the wall of the exterior wall (1). The nail body (6-2) is provided with a thread. The nail head (6-1) is a T-shaped nail cap and is located in the conversion layer (2).

2. The conversion anchoring building exterior wall insulation structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The insulation board (3) comprises an insulation material (3-1), a back plate (3-2) and a coating (3-3); the back plate (3-2) and the insulation material (3-1) are compositely formed; holes are reserved on the back plate (3-2) for strengthening the bonding and anchoring force.

3. The conversion anchoring building exterior wall insulation structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: A leveling layer (4) is provided between the outer side of the thermal insulation board (3) and the finishing layer (5).

4. The conversion anchoring building exterior wall insulation structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The insulation board (3) is provided with an insulation board anchor nail (7), and the insulation board anchor nail (7) comprises an insulation nail rod (7-1), an insulation nail head (7-2), and an insulation nail cap (7-3); the insulation nail rod (7-1) passes through the insulation board (3) and is inserted into the conversion layer (2), and a thread is provided on the top; the insulation nail cap (7-3) is disc-shaped and is arranged in the leveling layer (4) of the outer layer of the insulation board (3); the insulation nail head (7-2) is a dumbbell structure with an internal thread; the insulation nail head (7-2) is combined with the insulation nail rod (7-1) to press the insulation board (3); the insulation nail head (7-2) is cast in the conversion layer (2), and the height of the insulation nail head (7-2) is the same as the thickness of the conversion layer (2).

5. The conversion anchoring building exterior wall insulation structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: Temporary fixing anchor nails (8) for the insulation board are arranged around the insulation board (3). The temporary fixing anchor nails (8) for the insulation board pass through the conversion layer (2) and are inserted into the building exterior wall (1) for temporarily fixing the insulation board.

6. The conversion anchoring building exterior wall insulation structure according to claim 2 is characterized by: The back plate (3-2) is provided with an H-shaped clamp (9), and the two sides of the H-shaped clamp (9) respectively clamp the back plates (3-2) of the adjacent insulation plates to ensure the overall flatness; the H-shaped clamp (9) is arranged at the plate seam of the insulation plate (3) to seal the plate seam.

7. The conversion anchoring building exterior wall insulation structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The conversion layer (2) is provided with a compartment strip (10), one end of the compartment strip (10) is in contact with the building exterior wall (1), and the other end is in contact with the insulation board (3).

8. The conversion anchoring building exterior wall insulation structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: A conversion layer reinforcement net (11) is provided in the conversion layer (2).

9. A construction method for a conversion anchored building exterior wall insulation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps are: A) On-site construction: A1) Clean the building exterior walls; A2) Arrange the structural anchors (6) according to the design requirements: adjust the number and positions of the structural anchors (6) according to the region and building height; A2.1) Positioning lines; A2.2) Drilling holes in the wall; Anchor installation: The exposed size of the nail head (6-1) shall not be larger than the designed thickness of the transfer layer (2); A3) Installation and temporary fixing of insulation board (3): A3.1) Marking and positioning; A3.2) Install the transfer layer reinforcement net (11); A3.3) Install the insulation board anchor nails (7): 6-8 insulation nails per square meter, and the insulation nail heads (7-2) and insulation nail caps (7-3) clamp the insulation board (3); A3.4) Put the insulation board (3) in place: The insulation nail heads (7-2) are pressed against the wall surface; A3.5) Install the H-type clamp (9); A3.6) Install the insulation board bolt fixing anchors (8); A3.7) Install compartment strips (10); A4) Casting of transfer layer (2): Stirring the material and pouring it into compartments to the designed height; A5) The insulation board (8) is installed layer by layer from bottom to top and the conversion layer (2) is poured compartment by compartment; A6) Seal the joints of the insulation layer (12) A7) Construction of leveling layer (2); A8) Construction of finishing layer (5); A9)Completed.

10. A construction method for a conversion anchored building exterior wall insulation structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: A) Before the on-site construction, the following steps are also included: B) Accessories preparation: Preparation steps A) Spare parts required before on-site construction C) Preparation of insulation board (3): C1) Preparation of insulation layer (3-1): Select insulation materials according to design requirements and relevant national regulations; C2) Prepare backboard (3-2): Determine the material and specifications of the backboard according to the design requirements; C3) Factory compounding; C4) Lamination; C5) Packing and delivery.

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