Building lifting method for underground space development under existing building
Through anchor static piles and lifting jack systems, the early existing buildings in the central urban area were lifted and leveled, and the underground space was developed in combination with foundation pit support technology, which solved the problems of building settlement and urban waterlogging, and achieved the improvement of building functions and construction convenience.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510189719.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-11
AI Technical Summary
Due to the long-term construction of existing buildings in the central urban area, there were settlement problems in soft soil areas, resulting in uneven loads, overall inclination and low-lying ground, affecting building safety and urban flooding problems. The existing technology has problems of cumbersome technology and equipment and poor applicability in improving leveling and underground space development.
The anchor static pile and lifting jack system are adopted to lift and level the existing building through steel strands and reaction beams to form a pallet structure to support the development of underground space, and the basement structure is completed in conjunction with foundation pit support technology.
The overall improvement and leveling of existing buildings has been achieved, the safety of the building and the improvement of construction conditions have been ensured, the convenient underground space development environment has been provided, the building functions have been improved, and the construction technology and equipment use have been simplified.
Smart Images
Figure CN119801292A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of repair and reconstruction of existing buildings in urban renewal, and in particular to a technology for combining the reconstruction of existing buildings in central urban areas with the development of underground spaces below them. Background Art
[0003] The early existing buildings in the central urban area often use shallow foundation forms such as brick-built large footings. Due to the long construction period, in soft soil areas represented by Shanghai, large settlements have often accumulated. If the upper load of the existing building is uneven or the stratum distribution is uneven, such existing buildings usually have problems such as large differential settlement and overall tilt. On the one hand, the above problems affect the safety of the existing buildings themselves, and on the other hand, the area is relatively low-lying compared with the surrounding newly built blocks, and the problem of urban waterlogging is significant in rainy weather. In urban renewal and reconstruction, there is often a need to lift and level existing buildings. At the same time, in the process of developing underground space under existing buildings, if the existing buildings cannot be moved, the first problem to be solved is to replace the foundation of the existing buildings to ensure the safety of the buildings during the excavation of the lower earthwork. On this basis, appropriate lifting of existing buildings to create a certain construction space can provide great convenience for the underground space construction process.
[0004] At present, the construction process of lifting and leveling existing buildings is relatively complicated, and the construction equipment is relatively large. In the case of low floor height and limited internal space of existing buildings, the lifting height is limited. In the large-scale development of underground space under existing buildings, especially in the narrow and low clearance conditions, the technical means of lifting and leveling existing buildings are not mature yet. Summary of the invention
[0005] The present invention provides a building lifting method for developing underground space under existing buildings, which is particularly suitable for developing underground space under existing buildings with shallow foundations that were built a long time ago under limited construction sites in central urban areas. The construction method can firstly realize the overall lifting of existing buildings and leveling of the overall tilt of the building. On this basis, combined with foundation pit support technology, it is possible to develop and construct underground space under existing buildings, thereby achieving the purpose of improving building functions.
[0006] The specific construction steps of a building lifting method for developing underground space under an existing building are as follows:
[0007] Step 1: First, widen and reinforce the shallow foundation of the existing building to form a tray structure to support the entire existing building. The tray structure is equipped with holes for pile driving and pre-buried vertical steel strands. Anchor ends are set at the bottom of the steel strands to connect with the tray structure. Connectors are set at the top of the steel strands, and anchor static piles are pressed into the pile holes.
[0008] Step 2: Install a reaction beam on the top of the anchor static pressure pile, install a lifting jack on the top of the reaction beam, extend the steel strand through a connector, and pass through the reserved holes on the reaction beam to connect with the lifting jack; each lifting jack is connected to the hydraulic control system through an oil pipe.
[0009] Step 3: Start the hydraulic control system, push the lifting jack up through the oil pipe, and then drive the pallet structure and the existing building upward through the steel strands; the specific steps are:
[0010] Step 1 is the initial state. The lifting jack includes a plunger, a cylinder, a steel shell, an upper limit plate, an upper clamp, a lower limit plate, a lower clamp and a lower cover.
[0011] The upper clamp is a cone with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion. The upper clamp can be inserted into the upper limit plate to form an upper limit device; the upper limit device is arranged at the top of the lifting jack, above the plunger; the steel strand passes through the upper clamp to realize a unidirectional limit function in which the steel strand can only pass through the upper limit device upwards but cannot pass through the upper limit device downwards.
[0012] The lower clamp is a cone with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion. The lower clamp can be inserted into the lower limit plate to form a lower limit device. The lower limit device is arranged at the bottom of the lifting jack and the lower part of the oil cylinder. A lower cover plate is arranged on the upper part of the lower limit device, and the lower cover plate limits the lower clamp from detaching from the lower limit plate upward. After the steel strand passes through the lower clamp and the lower cover plate, the one-way limit function of the steel strand can be realized, that is, the steel strand can only pass through the lower limit device upward, but cannot pass through the lower limit device downward. At the same time, the lower clamp will not move upward synchronously with the upward movement of the steel strand.
[0013] Step 2 is the lifting state. The hydraulic control system squeezes oil into the cylinder through the oil pipe to push the plunger to move upward. The upper limit device composed of the upper clamp and the upper limit plate moves upward with the plunger. Due to the existence of the upper limit device, the steel strand cannot be displaced downward relative to the upper limit device, so the steel strand also moves upward, thereby driving the pallet structure and the existing building to move upward, thereby realizing the lifting of the existing building.
[0014] Step 3 is the pressure relief and retraction state, the oil pressure control system pumps oil out of the cylinder through the oil pipe, and the plunger falls downward; the upper limit plate and the upper clamp are separated, the upper limit plate falls downward with the plunger, and the upper clamp and the steel strand are fixed in the position after lifting in Step 2; at this time, due to the existence of the lower limit device and the lower cover plate, the steel strand will not move downward with the pressure relief and retraction of the lifting jack.
[0015] Remove the upper clip and insert it back into the upper limit plate to restore it to the initial state, and repeat Step 1 to Step 3 until the existing building is lifted to the set height.
[0016] Step 4: Construct the supporting piles of the foundation pit project, and then construct the basement top slab; place the existing building on the basement top slab; fill the gap between the tray structure and the basement top slab with high-strength grouting material.
[0017] Step 5: Dismantle anchor static pressure piles, steel strands, reaction beams, lifting jacks, oil pipes and hydraulic control systems, excavate underground space, complete the structural floor slabs and foundation slabs of each basement level, and then complete the entire basement structure.
[0018] Based on the above technical features: If an existing building has an overall tilt problem, during the lifting process, the hydraulic control system can be used to control each lifting jack to lift to different heights, thereby achieving leveling of the existing building while lifting.
[0019] Based on the above technical features: in step 4, after taking out the lower clamp, the existing building can be placed on the basement ceiling.
[0020] The conception of the above technical solution is: for existing buildings with shallow foundations, the building load is mainly borne by the foundation soil at the bottom. After lifting, the existing building will be separated from the foundation soil, so the bearing problem of the building after lifting must be solved first. The foundation of the existing building is reinforced to form an overall pallet structure. Through steel strands, reaction beams and other structures, the load of the existing building and the pallet structure is transferred to the anchor static pressure piles to complete the first load conversion. On this basis, a lifting jack is set on the reaction beam, and the existing building is lifted upward by pulling the steel strand by the jack. The lifting system consists of multiple groups of jacks, and each jack can be controlled to lift to different heights through a hydraulic control system to achieve leveling of the existing building.
[0021] The lifting stroke of the lifting jack is limited, and the lifting stroke is generally about 10cm. It cannot be lifted into place at one time. Therefore, one-way limit devices are set at the top and bottom of the lifting jack. When the jack is in the pressurized lifting state, the jack can drive the steel strand upward through the lower limit device and the upper limit device, thereby driving the building upward; when the jack is in the pressure relief and retraction state, the lower limit device and the upper limit device will lock the steel strand so that it cannot move downward, thereby ensuring that the building will not fall back. At this time, the plunger at the top of the jack is no longer stressed, and the load of the existing building is directly transmitted to the lower limit device at the bottom through the steel strand, and then transmitted to the anchor static pressure pile. Repeat the above process until the existing building is lifted to the predetermined height. On this basis, the foundation pit support technology can be used to excavate and construct the basement structure. After the basement top plate is completed, the lower clamp of the lower limit device can be removed, and the building can be lowered back to the top plate using the lifting jack. The load of the existing building is eventually transferred to the main structure pile foundation through the basement roof. At this point, the entire lifting device can be removed and the remaining basement structure completed.
[0022] The present invention can realize the overall lifting of existing buildings and level the overall tilt of the building through the building lifting method used for the development of underground space under existing buildings. On this basis, combined with the foundation pit support technology, it can realize the development and construction of underground space under existing buildings, thereby achieving the goal of improving building functions, which plays an important role in urban renewal projects.
[0023] In addition, the lifting device is generally set in the first floor space of an existing building, which has limited floor height and building area. The existing construction technology is relatively complicated, and the construction equipment is relatively large. When the first floor height of an existing building is low and the internal space is limited, the lifting height is limited. The lifting device adopted in the technical solution of the present invention is easy to operate, light in weight, simple in operation, and is particularly suitable for lifting existing buildings under narrow and low headroom conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of step one in the present invention.
[0025] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of step two in the present invention.
[0026] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of step three in the present invention.
[0027] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the initial state during the lifting process of an existing building in the present invention.
[0028] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the lifting state of an existing building during the lifting process of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 6 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the pressure relief and retraction state during the lifting process of an existing building in the present invention.
[0030] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of step four in the present invention.
[0031] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of step five in the present invention.
[0032] The numbers in the figure are as follows: existing building 1; tray structure 2; pile pressure hole 3; steel strand 4; anchor end 5; connector 6; anchor static pressure pile 7; reaction beam 8; lifting jack 9; perforation 10; oil pipe 11; oil pressure control system 12; plunger 13; cylinder 14; steel shell 15; upper limit plate 16; upper clamp 17; lower limit plate 18; lower clamp 19; supporting pile column 20; basement top plate 21; high-strength grouting material 22; structural floor slabs of each basement layer 23; foundation bottom plate 24, lower cover plate 25. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0035] Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, “plurality” means two or more.
[0036] The present invention provides a building lifting method for the development of underground space under existing buildings, which is particularly suitable for the development of underground space under the condition of limited construction sites in central urban areas and existing buildings with shallow foundations. This construction method can achieve the overall lifting of existing buildings and level the overall tilt of the building. On this basis, combined with foundation pit support technology, it is possible to develop and construct underground space under existing buildings, thereby achieving the goal of improving building functions. Combined with the accompanying drawings, the specific description is as follows.
[0037] The construction steps of the present invention are as follows Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a building lifting method for developing underground space under an existing building, the foundation of the existing building 1 is a shallow foundation, and the specific construction steps are as follows:
[0038] Steps as Figure 1 As shown, firstly, the shallow foundation of the existing building 1 is widened and reinforced to form a tray structure 2. A pile hole 3 is reserved on the tray structure 2, and a vertical steel strand 4 is pre-buried. An anchor end 5 is arranged at the bottom of the steel strand 4 to form a better connection with the tray structure 2, and a connector 6 is arranged at the top of the steel strand 4. Anchor static piles 7 are pressed into the pile hole 3.
[0039] Step 2 Figure 2 As shown, a reaction beam 8 is installed on the top of the anchor static pressure pile 7, and a lifting jack 9 is installed on the top of the reaction beam 8. The steel strand 4 is extended by a connector 6 and passes through a through hole 10 reserved on the reaction beam 8 to connect with the lifting jack 9. Each lifting jack 9 is connected to a hydraulic control system 12 through an oil pipe 11.
[0040] Step 3 Figure 3As shown, the oil pressure control system 12 is started, and the lifting jack 9 is pushed up through the oil pipe 11, and then the tray structure 2 and the existing building 1 are driven to be lifted upward through the steel strand 4.
[0041] Step 3: The specific building lifting process is as follows Figures 4 to 6 shown.
[0042] Step 1 The initial state is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the lifting jack 9 includes a plunger 13, a cylinder 14, a steel shell 15, an upper limit plate 16, an upper clamp 17, a lower limit plate 18, a lower clamp 19 and a lower cover plate 25. The upper clamp 17 is inserted into the upper limit plate 16 to form an upper limit device. The upper limit device is arranged at the top of the lifting jack 9, above the plunger 13. The upper clamp 17 is in the shape of a cone with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion. After the steel strand 4 passes through the upper limit device composed of the upper clamp 17 and the upper limit plate 16, the steel strand 4 can only pass through the upper limit device upward. Since the shape of the upper clamp 17 is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, when the steel strand 4 is downward, the conical upper clamp 17 will clamp the steel strand 4 downward, thereby realizing the one-way limit function that the steel strand 4 cannot pass through the upper limit device downward. Similarly, the lower limit plate 18 and the lower clamping piece 19 form a lower limit device with the same unidirectional limit function, which is arranged at the bottom of the lifting jack 9 and the lower part of the oil cylinder 14. The lower cover plate 25 covers the lower limit plate 18, and its function is to limit the lower clamping piece 19 to move upward synchronously with the upward movement of the steel strand 4.
[0043] Step2 Improve the status Figure 5 As shown, the hydraulic control system 12 squeezes the oil into the cylinder 14 through the oil pipe 11, pushing the plunger 13 to move upward. The upper limit device composed of the upper clamp 17 and the upper limit plate 16 moves upward with the plunger 13. Due to the existence of the upper limit device, the steel strand 4 cannot be relatively displaced downward with the upper limit device, so the steel strand 4 also moves upward, thereby driving the pallet structure 2 and the existing building 1 to move upward, thereby achieving building lifting. At this time, the load transfer path of the existing building 1 is as follows: existing building 1→pallet structure 2→steel strand 4→upper limit plate 16→plunger 13→oil cylinder 14→reaction beam 8→anchor static pressure pile 7. The lifting stroke of the lifting jack 9 is limited at a single time, and the building cannot be lifted into place at one time. The single lift is generally about 10cm.
[0044] Step 3: The jack is in the state of pressure relief and retraction. Figure 6As shown, the oil pressure control system 12 draws the oil out of the cylinder 14 through the oil pipe 11, and the plunger 13 falls back downward. The upper limit plate 16 and the upper clamp 17 are disengaged, and the upper limit plate 16 falls back downward with the plunger 13, and the upper clamp 17 and the steel strand 4 are fixed in place, that is, the position after lifting in the above Step 2. At this time, due to the existence of the lower limit device composed of the lower limit plate 18 and the lower clamp 19, the steel strand 4 and the existing building 1 connected to it will not move downward as the jack is depressurized and retracted. In this state, the load transfer path of the existing building 1 is as follows: existing building 1→tray structure 2→steel strand 4→lower limit plate 18→reaction beam 8→anchor static pressure pile 7.
[0045] The upper clamp 17 is removed and inserted back into the upper limit plate 16 to restore to the initial lifting state.
[0046] Repeat Step 1 to Step 3 until the existing building 1 is lifted to the set height. If the existing building 1 has an overall tilt problem, during the lifting process, the hydraulic control system 12 can be used to control each lifting jack 9 to lift to different heights, and the existing building 1 can be leveled while lifting.
[0047] Step 4 Figure 7 As shown, the supporting piles 20 of the foundation pit project are constructed, and then the basement top plate 21 is constructed. After removing the lower clamp 19, the existing building 1 can be placed on the basement top plate 21. The tray structure 2 and the basement top plate 21 are generally not completely fitted, and the gap between them is filled with high-strength grouting material 22.
[0048] Step 5 Figure 8 As shown, the relevant lifting and leveling devices are disassembled, including anchor static pressure piles 7, steel strands 4, reaction beams 8, lifting jacks 9 with upper and lower limit devices, oil pipes 11 and oil pressure control systems 12. The underground space is excavated and constructed using relevant technical means of foundation pit support, and the structural floor slabs 23 and foundation bottom slabs 24 of each basement are completed, thereby completing the entire basement structure.
[0049] In summary, this technology uses anchor static pressure piles as the vertical support structure in the process of lifting existing buildings, and uses a system composed of lifting jacks, limit devices, steel strands, hydraulic control systems, reaction beams, etc. to lift and level the building. On this basis, combined with foundation pit support technology, it can realize the development and construction of underground space under existing buildings. Under the premise of ensuring the safety of existing buildings, the goal of improving building functions can be achieved.
[0050] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A building lifting method for developing underground space under an existing building, characterized in that: Step 1: First, widen and reinforce the shallow foundation of the existing building (1) to form a tray structure (2) to support the entire existing building (1), the tray structure (2) is reserved with pile holes (3) and pre-buried vertical steel strands (4), the bottom of the steel strand (4) is provided with an anchor end (5) connected to the tray structure (2), the top of the steel strand (4) is provided with a connector (6), and an anchor static pile (7) is pressed into the pile hole (3); Step 2: A reaction beam (8) is installed on the top of the anchor static pressure pile (7), and a lifting jack (9) is installed on the top of the reaction beam (8); the steel strand (4) is extended by the connector (6) and passes through the reserved through-hole (10) on the reaction beam (8) to be connected to the lifting jack (9); each lifting jack (9) is connected to the oil pressure control system (12) through an oil pipe (11); Step 3: Start the oil pressure control system (12), push the lifting jack (9) up through the oil pipe (11), and then drive the tray structure (2) and the existing building (1) to lift upward through the steel strand (4); the specific steps are: Step 1 is the initial state, the lifting jack (9) comprises a plunger (13), a cylinder (14), a steel housing (15), an upper limit plate (16), an upper clamping piece (17), a lower limit plate (18), a lower clamping piece (19) and a lower cover plate (25); The upper clamping piece (17) is in the shape of a cone with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion. The upper clamping piece (17) is inserted into the upper limit plate (16) to form an upper limit device. The upper limit device is arranged at the top of the lifting jack (9), above the plunger (13). The steel strand (4) passes through the upper clamping piece (17) to realize a one-way limit function in which the steel strand (4) can only pass through the upper limit device upwards, but cannot pass through the upper limit device downwards. The lower clamp (19) is in the shape of a cone with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion. The lower clamp (19) is inserted into the lower limit plate (18) to form a lower limit device. The lower limit device is arranged at the bottom of the lifting jack (9) and the lower portion of the oil cylinder (14). The lower cover plate (25) is arranged at the upper portion of the lower limit device, and the lower cover plate (25) limits the lower clamp (19) from detaching from the lower limit plate (18) upward. After the steel strand (4) passes through the lower clamp (19) and the lower cover plate (25), the steel strand (4) can realize a one-way limit function that allows the steel strand (4) to only pass through the lower limit device upward, but not downward. At the same time, the lower clamp (19) will not move upward synchronously with the upward movement of the steel strand (4). Step 2 is a lifting state, wherein the oil pressure control system (12) squeezes oil into the oil cylinder (14) through the oil pipe (11), pushing the plunger (13) to move upward; the upper limit device composed of the upper clamp (17) and the upper limit plate (16) moves upward following the plunger (13); due to the existence of the upper limit device, the steel strand (4) cannot move downward relative to the upper limit device, so the steel strand (4) also moves upward, thereby driving the tray structure (2) and the existing building (1) to move upward, thereby achieving the lifting of the existing building (1); Step 3 is the pressure relief and retraction state, the oil pressure control system (12) draws oil out of the oil cylinder (14) through the oil pipe (11), and the plunger (13) falls back downward; the upper limit plate (16) and the upper clamp (17) are separated, the upper limit plate (16) falls back downward with the plunger (13), and the upper clamp (17) and the steel strand (4) are fixed to the position after lifting in Step 2; at this time, due to the existence of the lower limit device and the lower cover plate (25), the steel strand (4) will not move downward with the pressure relief and retraction of the lifting jack; The upper clamp (17) is removed and inserted back into the upper limit plate (16) to restore to the initial state, and Step 1 to Step 3 are repeated until the existing building (1) is lifted to a set height; Step 4: construct supporting piles (20) of the foundation pit project, and then construct the basement top plate (21); place the existing building (1) on the basement top plate (21); fill the gap between the tray structure (2) and the basement top plate (21) with high-strength grouting material (22); Step 5: Dismantle the anchor static pressure piles (7), the steel strands (4), the reaction beams (8), the lifting jacks (9), the oil pipes (11) and the oil pressure control system (12), excavate and construct the underground space, complete the structural floor slabs (23) and foundation slabs (24) of each basement level, and then complete the entire basement structure.
2. A building lifting method for developing underground space under an existing building according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the existing building (1) has an overall tilt problem, during the lifting process, the hydraulic control system (12) can be used to control each of the lifting jacks (9) to lift to different heights, thereby achieving leveling of the existing building (1) while lifting.
3. A building lifting method for developing underground space under an existing building according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4, after taking out the lower clamp (19), the existing building (1) can be placed on the basement ceiling (21).