A laser-electric pulse-water jet synergistic fluidized coal mining device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of laser-electric pulse-water jet synergistic action's fluidized coal mining device and method, device includes: gas extraction system, for in coal mining process extraction gas;Laser perforating system, for by laser to coal seam is perforated;High pressure electric pulse fracturing system, for by high pressure electric pulse to the coal body of being fractured between adjacent two perforations is fractured, obtains broken coal body and to be broken coal body;Water jet coal breaking system, for to the coal body of being broken is hydraulically cut, obtains coal rock mixture;Fluidized coal mining system, for coal rock mixture is delivered to ground sedimentation tank, completes coal mining;Backfill system, for the gangue mixed mortar separated in sedimentation tank is used to backfill goaf.The coal mining technology of the application under the synergistic action of laser, electric pulse, water jet can realize accurate punching, efficient crushing to coal seam, reduce the waste of water resources, significantly improve coal mining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fluidized coal mining technology, and particularly relates to a fluidized coal mining device and method with synergistic effects of laser-electric pulse-water jet. Background Technology

[0002] With the continued growth of global energy demand, the exploitation of deep solid mineral resources has become increasingly critical. Traditional mining methods suffer from problems such as low efficiency, high transportation costs, severe environmental damage, and difficulties in ensuring worker safety. In particular, the complexity of geological conditions, the immense pressure of rock strata, and the insufficient permeability of coal seams further increase the difficulty of mining.

[0003] Against this backdrop, laser technology, electro-pulse technology, and high-pressure water jet technology, as emerging technologies, have shown great potential in the field of coal mining. Laser technology, with its advantages of high precision, high efficiency, and zero pollution, plays a crucial role in coal seam perforation and cutting. Electro-pulse technology, especially controllable shock wave technology, effectively enhances the permeability of coal seams and improves mining efficiency by generating shock waves through high-voltage discharge in water or electric explosion of metal wires. High-pressure water jet technology, with its powerful cutting, cleaning, and conveying capabilities, excels in rock fracturing, coal seam cleaning, coal gangue treatment, and prevention of gas explosions.

[0004] Although the above technologies have made some progress in coal mining, they still face limitations when applied alone and cannot fully meet the complex needs of deep mining. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a fluidized coal mining device and its application method that integrates laser, electric pulse, and high-pressure water jet technologies. It develops a deep coal mining technology that integrates laser, electric pulse, and high-pressure water jet technologies to achieve high efficiency, safety, and environmental protection. This technology has significant innovative value and application significance for improving mining efficiency, reducing costs, minimizing environmental impact, and ensuring worker safety.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a fluidized coal mining device with synergistic effects of laser-electric pulse-water jet, comprising:

[0007] A gas extraction system is used to extract gas during coal mining.

[0008] Laser perforation system, used to perforate coal seams using a laser;

[0009] The high-voltage electric pulse fracturing system is used to fracture the coal body to be fractured between two adjacent perforations using high-voltage electric pulses, to obtain broken coal body and coal body to be fractured;

[0010] A water jet coal breaking system is used to hydraulically cut the coal body to be broken to obtain a coal-rock mixture;

[0011] Fluidized bed coal mining systems are used to transport coal-rock mixtures to surface settling ponds to complete coal mining.

[0012] The backfilling system is used to backfill the goaf with mortar mixed with gangue separated in the sedimentation tank.

[0013] Preferably, the gas extraction system includes: a gas extraction hole, a gas storage tank, and a sealing unit;

[0014] The gas extraction hole is sealed to the gas storage tank, and the sealing unit is used to seal the gas extraction hole.

[0015] Preferably, the laser perforation system includes: a laser, an optical fiber, and a laser head;

[0016] The laser head is connected to the laser via the optical fiber.

[0017] Preferably, the high-voltage electric pulse fracturing system includes: a high-voltage electric pulse discharge device, a high-voltage cable, a needle-type high-voltage electrode, and a needle-type low-voltage electrode;

[0018] One end of the high-voltage cable is sealed to the needle-type high-voltage electrode and the needle-type low-voltage electrode respectively, and the other end is sealed to the output port of the high-voltage electric pulse discharge device.

[0019] Preferably, the water jet coal breaking system includes: a water storage tank, a high-pressure water pump, a high-pressure water pipe, a multi-directional rotary joint, and a high-pressure jet injector;

[0020] The input end of the high-pressure water pipe is connected to the water storage tank in a sealed manner through a high-pressure water pump, and the output end of the high-pressure water pipe is connected to the high-pressure jet generator in a sealed manner through a multi-directional rotary joint.

[0021] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for using a fluidized coal mining device with synergistic effects of laser-electric pulse-water jet, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Obtain the basic parameters of coal and rock samples, and formulate a fluidized bed mining plan based on the parameters of the coal seam to be mined;

[0023] According to the fluidized bed mining scheme, a hoisting shaft is constructed, and gas extraction is carried out at the wellhead;

[0024] Laser heads are installed at different horizontal positions on the optical fiber according to the vertical spacing of the laser perforation, and the coal seam is perforated by the laser.

[0025] Fracturing is performed on the coal body to be fracturing between two vertically adjacent perforations until the coal body collapses as a whole;

[0026] The crushed coal-rock mixture is fluidized and transported to a ground sedimentation tank using a slurry pump. The coal-rock mixture is then separated in the sedimentation tank to obtain a coal and gangue mixed slurry.

[0027] The gangue-mixed mortar is used to backfill the goaf through the gangue conveying pipe.

[0028] Thirdly, the present invention also discloses a computer device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0029] Fourthly, the present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0030] Fifthly, the present invention also discloses a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0032] This invention provides a fluidized bed coal mining device with synergistic laser-electric pulse-water jet action, comprising: a gas extraction system for extracting gas during coal mining; a laser perforation system for perforating coal seams using a laser; a high-voltage electric pulse fracturing system for fracturing the coal body between two adjacent perforations using high-voltage electric pulses to obtain broken coal body and coal body to be broken; a water jet coal breaking system for hydraulically cutting the coal body to be broken to obtain a coal-rock mixture; a fluidized bed coal mining system for transporting the coal-rock mixture to a surface settling tank to complete coal mining; and a backfilling system for backfilling the goaf with gangue mixed with mortar separated in the settling tank.

[0033] This invention leverages the high energy, low attenuation, and precise direction of lasers to achieve targeted perforation in distant coal seams, facilitating subsequent high-voltage electric pulse fracturing of the coal. This method avoids contaminating or damaging the coal seam. During the electric pulse fracturing process, energy is primarily concentrated in the shock wave, which fractures the coal. Due to the high propagation speed and short duration of the shock wave, a large amount of energy can be transferred to the coal in a short time, achieving a highly efficient fracturing effect. Simultaneously, the electric pulse device can repeatedly discharge to two adjacent perforations in the horizontal direction. With each additional shock wave operation, the degree of coal fracturing increases. The electric pulse fracturing method allows for precise control of energy input and duration, thereby improving coal breaking efficiency.

[0034] Compared to traditional water jet coal mining technology, this invention uses a coal mining technology that combines laser, electric pulse, and water jet to achieve precise drilling and efficient crushing of coal seams. At the same time, various parameters can be flexibly adjusted according to mining needs during the mining process, which not only greatly reduces the waste of water resources, but also saves a lot of work for subsequent hydraulic coal mining and significantly improves mining efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a laser perforation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of electrical pulse-induced cracking according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of fluidized coal mining according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of water jet coal breaking according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of goaf backfilling according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a top view of the laser perforation in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Among them, 1. Coal seam; 2. Hoisting shaft; 3. Gas extraction hole; 4. Gas storage tank; 5. Sealing unit; 6. Laser; 7. Optical fiber; 8. Laser head; 9. Laser perforation; 10. High-voltage pulse discharge device; 11. High-voltage cable; 12. Needle-type high-voltage electrode; 13. Needle-type low-voltage electrode; 14. Fluidized conveying pipe; 15. Slurry pump; 16. Crushing and mixing device; 17. Coal-rock mixture; 18. Water storage tank; 19. High-pressure water pump; 20. High-pressure water pipe; 21. Multi-directional rotary joint; 22. High-pressure jet; 23. Gangue conveying pipe; 24. Goaf; 25. Gangue filling area. Detailed Implementation

[0043] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This embodiment provides a fluidized coal mining device with synergistic laser-electric pulse-water jet action, comprising:

[0047] A gas extraction system is used to extract gas during coal mining.

[0048] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the gas extraction system includes: a gas extraction hole 3, a gas storage tank 4, and a sealing unit 5; the gas extraction hole 3 is sealed to the gas storage tank 4, and the sealing unit 5 is used to seal the gas extraction hole 3.

[0049] A laser perforation system is used to perforate coal seam 1 using a laser;

[0050] As an additional implementation, the laser perforation system includes: a laser 6, an optical fiber 7, and a laser head 8; the laser head 8 is connected to the laser 6 via the optical fiber 7. A top view of the laser perforation system is shown below. Figure 6 As shown.

[0051] The high-voltage electric pulse fracturing system is used to fracture the coal body to be fractured between two adjacent perforations using high-voltage electric pulses, to obtain broken coal body and coal body to be fractured;

[0052] As an additional implementation method, such as Figure 2 As shown, the high-voltage electric pulse fracturing system includes: a high-voltage electric pulse discharge device 10, a high-voltage cable 11, a needle-type high-voltage electrode 12, and a needle-type low-voltage electrode 13; wherein, one end of the high-voltage cable 11 is sealed to the needle-type high-voltage electrode 12 and the needle-type low-voltage electrode 13 respectively, and the other end is sealed to the output port of the high-voltage electric pulse discharge device.

[0053] A water jet coal breaking system is used to hydraulically cut the coal body to be broken to obtain a coal-rock mixture;

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the water jet coal breaking system includes: a water storage tank 18, a high-pressure water pump 19, a high-pressure water pipe 20, a multi-directional rotary joint 21, and a high-pressure jet injector 22; wherein, the input end of the high-pressure water pipe 20 is sealed to the water storage tank 18 through the high-pressure water pump 19, and the output end of the high-pressure water pipe 20 is sealed to the high-pressure jet injector 22 through the multi-directional rotary joint 21.

[0055] Fluidized bed coal mining systems are used to transport coal-rock mixtures to surface settling ponds to complete coal mining.

[0056] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the fluidized bed coal mining system includes: a fluidized bed conveying pipe 14, a slurry pump 15, and a crushing and mixing device 16; the fluidized bed conveying pipe 14 is equipped with a slurry pump 15 and a crushing and mixing device 16 at its end.

[0057] The backfilling system is used to backfill the goaf with mortar mixed with gangue separated in the sedimentation tank.

[0058] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the backfilling system includes: a gangue conveying pipe 23, a goaf 24, and a gangue filling area 25; wherein, the goaf 24 is backfilled by using the gangue conveying pipe 23 to backfill the gangue filling area 25 with the gangue mixed mortar filling material separated in the sedimentation tank.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] This embodiment provides a method for using a fluidized coal mining device with synergistic effects of laser-electric pulse-water jet, including the following steps:

[0061] S1. Obtain the basic parameters of coal and rock samples, and formulate a fluidized bed mining plan based on the parameters of the coal seam to be mined.

[0062] Specifically, the fluidized bed mining scheme is formulated as follows: coal and rock samples are taken on-site to determine parameters such as strength, hardness, moisture content, gas pressure and content. Similar physical simulation tests such as laser fracturing, electric pulse fracturing, and water jet coal breaking are carried out in the laboratory. Combined with the coal seam parameters such as area, burial depth, thickness, and dip angle of the coal seam to be mined on-site, a fluidized bed mining scheme is formulated, such as: the size and sequence of the mining block, laser intensity, laser perforation depth, horizontal angle of laser perforation, vertical spacing of laser perforation, electric pulse discharge voltage, and water jet pressure.

[0063] S2. According to the fluidized mining scheme, construct a hoisting shaft and carry out gas extraction at the shaft opening;

[0064] Specifically, the construction of the hoisting shaft: hoisting shaft 2 is drilled from the center of the ground of the first coal mining block toward the coal seam, with the bottom of the hoisting shaft 5 to 10 meters away from the bottom of the coal seam; gas extraction hole 3 is constructed at the wellhead of hoisting shaft 2, connected to gas storage tank 4, and the equipment required for subsequent work is placed around the wellhead.

[0065] S3. Install laser heads at different horizontal positions on the optical fiber according to the vertical spacing of the laser perforation, and use the laser to perforate the coal seam.

[0066] Specifically, laser positioning perforation: laser heads 8 are installed at different horizontal positions on the optical fiber 7 according to the vertical spacing of the laser perforations 9. Four laser heads 8 are installed at the same horizontal position with an included angle of 90 degrees. The laser 6 is activated to perforate the coal seam until the depth of the laser perforation 9 is reached.

[0067] S4. Fracturing the coal body to be fractured between two vertically adjacent perforations until the coal body collapses as a whole;

[0068] Specifically, high-voltage electric pulse fracturing of coal seams: at the bottom of the mining block, the coal seams to be fracturing between two vertically adjacent perforations are fracturing, and the fracturing is repeated until the coal seam collapses as a whole. This process is repeated for the other three coal seams to be fracturing at the same level, and so on upwards until the top of the coal seam.

[0069] S5. The crushed coal-rock mixture is fluidized and transported to a ground sedimentation tank using a slurry pump. The coal-rock mixture is then separated in the sedimentation tank to obtain a coal and gangue mixed mortar.

[0070] Specifically, fluidized bed mining involves using a slurry pump 15 equipped with a crushing and mixing device 16 to fluidize the crushed coal-rock mixture 17 from the mining area and transport it to a surface settling tank. The settling tank separates the coal, water, and gangue from the coal-rock mixture 17. For coal bodies around the mining block that are not crushed by high-voltage electric pulses, a water jet coal breaking system is used for hydraulic cutting. After cutting, the slurry pump 15 transports the coal-rock mixture 17 to the surface settling tank, thus completing the mining of that block. Gas drainage is continuously carried out throughout the entire coal crushing and mining process.

[0071] S6. The gangue mixed mortar is backfilled into the goaf through the gangue conveying pipe.

[0072] Specifically, goaf backfilling and waste and resource conversion: the goaf 24 is backfilled by backfilling the gangue mixed mortar separated in the sedimentation tank through the gangue conveying pipe 23. The water separated in the sedimentation tank can also be recycled in the fluidized coal mining process.

[0073] After the backfilling of the coal mining block is completed, the next coal mining block will be mined until the target coal seam is mined.

[0074] The method of using the fluidized coal mining device with laser-electric pulse-water jet synergy provided in this embodiment has all the advantages of the fluidized coal mining device with laser-electric pulse-water jet synergy provided in Embodiment 1.

[0075] Example 3

[0076] This embodiment also discloses a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0077] Example 4

[0078] This embodiment also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0079] Example 5

[0080] This embodiment also discloses a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0081] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fluidized bed coal mining device with synergistic laser-electric pulse-water jet action, characterized in that, include: A gas extraction system is used to extract gas during coal mining. Laser perforation system, used to perforate coal seams using a laser; The high-voltage electric pulse fracturing system is used to fracture the coal body to be fractured between two adjacent perforations using high-voltage electric pulses, to obtain broken coal body and coal body to be fractured; A water jet coal breaking system is used to hydraulically cut the coal body to be broken to obtain a coal-rock mixture; Fluidized bed coal mining systems are used to transport coal-rock mixtures to surface settling ponds to complete coal mining. The backfilling system is used to backfill the goaf with mortar mixed with gangue separated in the sedimentation tank; The gas extraction system includes: a gas extraction hole (3), a gas storage tank (4), and a sealing unit (5); The gas extraction hole (3) is sealed to the gas storage tank (4), and the sealing unit (5) is used to seal the gas extraction hole (3). The laser perforation system includes: a laser (6), an optical fiber (7), and a laser head (8); The laser head (8) is connected to the laser (6) via the optical fiber (7); The high-voltage electric pulse fracturing system includes: a high-voltage electric pulse discharge device (10), a high-voltage cable (11), a needle-type high-voltage electrode (12), and a needle-type low-voltage electrode (13); One end of the high-voltage cable (11) is sealed to the needle-type high-voltage electrode (12) and the needle-type low-voltage electrode (13) respectively, and the other end is sealed to the output port of the high-voltage electric pulse discharge device. The water jet coal breaking system includes: a water storage tank (18), a high-pressure water pump (19), a high-pressure water pipe (20), a multi-directional rotary joint (21), and a high-pressure jet injector (22); The input end of the high-pressure water pipe (20) is connected to the water storage tank (18) in a sealed manner through the high-pressure water pump (19), and the output end of the high-pressure water pipe (20) is connected to the high-pressure jet generator (22) in a sealed manner through the multi-directional rotary joint (21).

2. A fluidized bed coal mining method based on the synergistic effect of laser-electric pulse-water jet, using the fluidized bed coal mining device of claim 1, comprising the following steps: Obtain the basic parameters of coal and rock samples, and formulate a fluidized bed mining plan based on the parameters of the coal seam to be mined; According to the fluidized bed mining scheme, a hoisting shaft is constructed, and gas extraction is carried out at the wellhead; Laser heads are installed at different horizontal positions on the optical fiber according to the vertical spacing of the laser perforation, and the coal seam is perforated by the laser. Fracturing is performed on the coal body to be fracturing between two vertically adjacent perforations until the coal body collapses as a whole; The crushed coal-rock mixture is fluidized and transported to a ground sedimentation tank using a slurry pump. The coal-rock mixture is then separated in the sedimentation tank to obtain a coal and gangue mixed slurry. The gangue-mixed mortar is used to backfill the goaf through the gangue conveying pipe.

3. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method of claim 2.

4. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method of claim 2.

5. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method of claim 2.

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