Wind turbine generator vibration over-limit root cause analysis and vibration control method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind turbine generator vibration over-limit root cause analysis and vibration control method and system. The method comprises the steps of obtaining unit vibration data and unit operation data of a time period before and after vibration over-limit of a wind turbine generator; adopting a threshold analysis method to analyze the unit vibration data and the unit operation data, and preliminarily determining the vibration overrun reason of the wind turbine generator; performing time-frequency domain analysis on the vibration data of the generator set, and determining a vibration overrun reason of the wind turbine generator set again; and according to the wind turbine generator vibration overrun reason determined twice, the wind turbine generator is controlled, and vibration of the wind turbine generator is restrained. According to the method, the reason analysis and fault source positioning of the vibration overrun are realized, and on the basis, the wind turbine generator is controlled to suppress the vibration of the wind turbine generator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind turbine analysis and control, and in particular to a method and system for analyzing root causes of excessive vibration of a wind turbine and for controlling vibration. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] The vibration of the wind turbine is an important parameter that reflects the safe operation of the wind turbine. If the vibration of the wind turbine exceeds the limit, it will easily cause the wind turbine to shut down, affect the safety and stability of the wind turbine operation, and cause power generation loss. If the wind turbine operates in a state of excessive vibration for a long time, it will easily cause damage to large components such as the blades, transmission chain, generator and tower, and even cause serious accidents such as runaway and tower collapse. Therefore, the root cause analysis and vibration control of wind turbine vibration exceeding the limit are particularly important. Timely discovery and suppression of forced, periodic and random vibrations of the wind turbine are of great significance to improving the safety and operation and maintenance efficiency of the wind turbine.

[0004] At present, the root cause analysis of wind turbine vibration exceeding the limit only analyzes the vibration data of the unit, without comprehensively considering the unit operation data. In addition, the vibration control method is relatively simple, and no systematic and effective solution to vibration control has been formed. Especially when the unit has random vibration exceeding the limit, there is currently no effective method for analyzing the cause of vibration exceeding the limit and further controlling the vibration of the unit. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a wind turbine vibration excessive root cause analysis and vibration control method and system, which can accurately determine the wind turbine vibration excessive cause and fault source, and control the wind turbine according to the excessive cause and fault source to suppress the vibration of the unit.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] First, a method for analyzing the root cause of excessive vibration of a wind turbine and a vibration control method is proposed, including:

[0008] Obtain the wind turbine vibration data and unit operation data before and after the wind turbine vibration exceeds the limit;

[0009] Threshold analysis method is used to analyze the vibration data and operation data of the unit, and the cause of the wind turbine unit vibration exceeding the limit is preliminarily determined;

[0010] Conduct time-frequency domain analysis on the unit vibration data to determine the cause of the wind turbine unit vibration exceeding the limit;

[0011] Based on the reasons for the wind turbine vibration exceeding the limit determined twice, the wind turbine is controlled to suppress the vibration of the wind turbine.

[0012] Furthermore, the unit operation data include wind speed, risk, generator speed, nacelle position, yaw rate, pitch angle, pitch rate and hydraulic circuit pressure.

[0013] Further, the time domain waveform of the unit vibration data is obtained;

[0014] Perform fast Fourier transform on the time domain waveform to obtain the frequency domain waveform;

[0015] According to the change of the amplitude of the frequency domain waveform with frequency, the cause of the wind turbine vibration exceeding the limit is determined again.

[0016] Furthermore, the item in the unit vibration data and the unit operation data that is greater than the set threshold is preliminarily determined to be the cause of the wind turbine vibration exceeding the limit.

[0017] Furthermore, the reasons for the wind turbine vibration exceeding the limit include the meshing clearance between the yaw gear and the large ring gear being greater than the set value, the unit load exceeding the limit, abnormal jumps in the vibration signal and / or periodic fluctuations in the speed causing tower resonance.

[0018] Furthermore, when the reason for the excessive vibration of the wind turbine is that the meshing clearance between the yaw gear and the large gear ring is greater than the set value, after waiting for the yaw action of the turbine to be completed, the rotation directions of the two yaw motors are controlled to be opposite;

[0019] When the load of the unit exceeds the limit, the wind turbine unit is controlled to operate at limited power;

[0020] When the vibration signal changes abnormally, the vibration threshold is increased;

[0021] When periodic fluctuations in speed cause tower resonance, the speed is filtered.

[0022] Secondly, a root cause analysis and vibration control system for wind turbine vibration exceeding the limit is proposed, including:

[0023] A data acquisition module, used to acquire the wind turbine vibration data and the wind turbine operation data in the time period before and after the wind turbine vibration exceeds the limit;

[0024] The module for initially determining the cause of excessive vibration of the unit is used to analyze the vibration data and operation data of the unit by using the threshold analysis method to initially determine the cause of excessive vibration of the wind turbine unit;

[0025] The module for re-determining the cause of the unit vibration exceeding the limit is used to perform time-frequency domain analysis on the unit vibration data and re-determine the cause of the wind turbine unit vibration exceeding the limit;

[0026] The vibration suppression module is used to control the wind turbine set and suppress the vibration of the wind turbine set according to the reasons for the wind turbine set vibration exceeding the limit determined twice.

[0027] In a third aspect, a computer device is provided, the device comprising:

[0028] a processor adapted to execute a computer program;

[0029] A computer-readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a method for analyzing the root cause of excessive vibration of a wind turbine set and a method for controlling vibration of the wind turbine set proposed in the first aspect is implemented.

[0030] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is proposed, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing a wind turbine vibration excessive root cause analysis and vibration control method proposed in the first aspect.

[0031] In a fifth aspect, a computer program product is proposed, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the wind turbine vibration excessive root cause analysis and vibration control method proposed in the first aspect.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The present invention discloses a method and system for analyzing the root cause of excessive vibration of a wind turbine set and controlling vibration. The method comprehensively considers the vibration data and operation data of the wind turbine set, determines the cause of excessive vibration of the wind turbine set in two steps, and then controls the wind turbine set according to the cause of excessive vibration of the wind turbine set to suppress the vibration of the wind turbine set and improve the stability of wind turbine set operation.

[0034] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present application, are used to provide further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application.

[0036] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for analyzing the root cause of excessive vibration of a wind turbine set and controlling vibration disclosed in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0039] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0040] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] In recent years, the development of super-large wind turbines has become a trend in the development of the wind power industry. In order to make wind power more competitive, it is necessary to reduce operating and maintenance costs. The downtime of wind turbines due to failures and maintenance problems accounts for about 3% of the total production time, of which 60% of wind turbine downtime is unplanned. Among them, unit vibration is an important parameter reflecting the safe operation of wind turbines. Excessive unit vibration can easily lead to unit shutdown, affecting the operating safety and stability of the unit, causing power generation losses. If the unit is in a state of excessive vibration for a long time, it will cause damage to large components such as unit blades, transmission chains, generators, towers, and even serious accidents such as flying cars and tower collapses. Therefore, the root cause analysis and vibration control methods of wind turbine vibration exceeding the limit are particularly important, which can timely discover and suppress the forced, periodic and random vibrations of the unit, which is of great significance to improving the safety and operation and maintenance efficiency of the unit.

[0043] At present, the root cause analysis of wind turbine vibration exceeding the limit only analyzes the vibration data of the unit, without comprehensively considering the unit operation data. In addition, the vibration control method is relatively simple, and no systematic and effective solution to vibration control has been formed. Especially when the unit has random vibration exceeding the limit, there is currently no effective method for analyzing the cause of vibration exceeding the limit and further controlling the vibration of the unit.

[0044] The present embodiment discloses a root cause analysis and vibration control method for excessive vibration of a wind turbine set. The cause of the excessive vibration is preliminarily determined by combining the unit vibration data and operation data of the wind turbine set. The cause of the excessive vibration of the wind turbine set is then accurately located again by using a time-frequency domain analysis method. Finally, according to the cause of the excessive vibration of the wind turbine set, a series of methods and measures such as yaw clearance elimination, sector management, dynamic adjustment of vibration thresholds and / or design of notch filters are used to suppress the vibration of the set.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the present embodiment discloses a method for analyzing the root cause of excessive vibration of a wind turbine and controlling vibration, comprising:

[0046] S1: Obtain the wind turbine vibration data and unit operation data for the time period before and after the wind turbine vibration exceeds the limit.

[0047] This embodiment uses a whole-machine vibration sensor installed at the main frame or generator chassis inside the nacelle to collect the unit vibration data of the wind turbine set at a sampling frequency of 100 Hz.

[0048] The vibration sensor of the whole machine is a capacitive dual-axis accelerometer with a narrow-band filter and a frequency range of 0.05-1000Hz.

[0049] Because the original unit vibration data collected by the vibration sensor is not easy to analyze, the original unit vibration data collected by the vibration sensor is first subjected to a series of signal processing algorithms such as high-pass and low-pass filtering, RMS (root mean square or effective value) detection, averaging and windowing to form analyzable and visualized unit vibration data.

[0050] The acquired unit vibration data includes the unit vibration data in the front and rear X direction and the left and right Y direction of the wind turbine nacelle.

[0051] In this embodiment, the wind turbine main control system PLC (programmable logic controller) collects the wind turbine operation data in the time period before and after the vibration exceeds the limit, and removes invalid data from the acquired wind turbine operation data.

[0052] The unit operation data obtained include wind speed, risk, generator speed, nacelle position, yaw rate, pitch angle, pitch rate and hydraulic circuit pressure.

[0053] S2: Use the threshold analysis method to analyze the unit vibration data and unit operation data to preliminarily determine the cause of the wind turbine unit vibration exceeding the limit;

[0054] Perform time-frequency domain analysis on the unit vibration data to determine the cause of the wind turbine unit vibration exceeding the limit.

[0055] Among them, the reasons for the excessive vibration of wind turbines include the meshing clearance between the yaw gear and the large ring gear being greater than the set value, the unit load exceeding the limit, abnormal jumps in the vibration signal and / or periodic fluctuations in the speed leading to tower resonance, etc.

[0056] The item between the unit vibration data and the unit operation data that is greater than the set threshold is preliminarily determined as the cause of the wind turbine vibration exceeding the limit.

[0057] For example, the meshing clearance between the yaw gear and the large ring gear is determined by the position of the cabin. When the meshing clearance between the yaw gear and the large ring gear is greater than the set value, it is preliminarily determined that the cause of the vibration exceeding the limit is that the meshing clearance between the yaw gear and the large ring gear is greater than the set value.

[0058] Determine the amplitude of the unit vibration data. When the amplitude of the unit vibration data is greater than the set vibration amplitude threshold, it is preliminarily determined that the cause of the vibration exceeding the limit is the abnormal jump of the vibration signal.

[0059] The process of time-frequency domain analysis of unit vibration data includes:

[0060] Obtain the time domain waveform of the unit vibration data;

[0061] Perform fast Fourier transform on the time domain waveform to obtain the frequency domain waveform;

[0062] According to the change of the amplitude of the frequency domain waveform with frequency, the cause of the wind turbine vibration exceeding the limit is determined again.

[0063] S3: Based on the twice determined reasons for the wind turbine generator set's excessive vibration, the wind turbine generator set is controlled to suppress the vibration of the wind turbine generator set.

[0064] When the cause of the wind turbine vibration exceeding the limit is that the meshing clearance between the yaw gear and the large gear ring is greater than the set value, after waiting for the yaw action of the unit to be completed, the rotation directions of the two yaw motors are controlled to be opposite;

[0065] When the load of the unit exceeds the limit, the wind turbine unit is controlled to operate at limited power;

[0066] When the vibration signal changes abnormally, the vibration threshold is increased. The vibration threshold here refers to the vibration amplitude threshold.

[0067] When the periodic fluctuation of the speed causes the tower to resonate, the wind turbine speed is filtered to remove the data that can cause the wind turbine to resonate.

[0068] This embodiment adopts a series of methods and measures such as yaw clearance elimination, sector management, dynamic adjustment of vibration threshold and design of notch filter to suppress the vibration of the unit; the yaw clearance elimination method is mainly used to reduce the meshing clearance between the yaw gear and the large ring gear, the sector management method is mainly used to reduce the impact of external environmental turbulence on the unit, the dynamic adjustment method of vibration threshold is mainly used to reduce the number of faults caused by abnormal signal jumps and reduce the downtime, and the design of notch filter method is mainly used to avoid resonance between the frequency of a certain component and the rotational speed frequency.

[0069] Specifically, the yaw clearance elimination method refers to performing the clearance elimination action after the yaw action of the unit is completed, controlling the two sets of yaw motors to rotate in opposite directions to reduce the meshing clearance between the yaw gear and the large gear ring. During the clearance elimination process, the hydraulic station maintains full pressure operation and does not participate in the entire clearance elimination process.

[0070] The sector management method refers to first determining the sector range of the wind turbine set. When the wind turbine set operates within the sector range and vibration exceeds the limit, and the cause of the vibration exceeding the limit is that the unit load exceeds the limit, the power of the wind turbine set in the sector is reduced, so that the wind turbine set operates at limited power, reducing the ultimate load to improve the stability of the unit, and reducing the impact of external environmental turbulence on the unit. Limited power operation refers to controlling the unit to operate at a lower power. For example, in the normal power generation state, the power is 3MW. In order to reduce the unit load, the power is limited to 2MW, reducing the ultimate load to improve the stability of the unit, and reducing the impact of external environmental turbulence on the unit.

[0071] The dynamic adjustment method of the vibration threshold means that when the vibration sensor has an abnormal signal jump, the vibration threshold is adjusted from the basic value to the dynamic value. The basic value of the vibration threshold refers to the set amplitude for judging whether the vibration exceeds the limit; the dynamic value refers to a value greater than the set amplitude; when an abnormal vibration jump signal occurs, the basic value is adjusted to the dynamic value, so that no abnormal vibration jump signal is issued, thereby realizing intelligent crossing and reducing the number of fault reports.

[0072] The method of designing a notch filter means that when the periodic fluctuation of the speed causes the tower resonance, the wind turbine speed is filtered by a notch filter to filter out the data within the resonance frequency range to achieve vibration suppression of the unit.

[0073] The present embodiment discloses a method for analyzing the root cause of excessive vibration of a wind turbine and controlling vibration. The method comprehensively analyzes the vibration data and operation data of the wind turbine to accurately determine the cause of excessive vibration of the wind turbine. The wind turbine is then controlled based on the cause of excessive vibration of the wind turbine to suppress the vibration of the wind turbine and improve the operating stability of the wind turbine.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] In this embodiment, a wind turbine vibration over-limit root cause analysis and vibration control system is disclosed, including:

[0076] A data acquisition module, used to acquire the wind turbine vibration data and the wind turbine operation data in the time period before and after the wind turbine vibration exceeds the limit;

[0077] The module for initially determining the cause of excessive vibration of the unit is used to analyze the vibration data and operation data of the unit by using the threshold analysis method to initially determine the cause of excessive vibration of the wind turbine unit;

[0078] The module for re-determining the cause of the unit vibration exceeding the limit is used to perform time-frequency domain analysis on the unit vibration data and re-determine the cause of the wind turbine unit vibration exceeding the limit;

[0079] The vibration suppression module is used to control the wind turbine set and suppress the vibration of the wind turbine set according to the reasons for the wind turbine set vibration exceeding the limit determined twice.

[0080] The present invention also discloses a computer device, which includes:

[0081] a processor adapted to execute a computer program;

[0082] A computer-readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a method for analyzing the root cause of excessive vibration of a wind turbine set and controlling vibration disclosed in Example 1 is implemented.

[0083] The present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which is suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing a method for analyzing the root cause of excessive vibration of a wind turbine set and controlling vibration disclosed in Example 1.

[0084] The present invention also discloses a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for analyzing the root cause of excessive vibration of a wind turbine set and controlling vibration disclosed in Example 1 is implemented.

[0085] The method disclosed in Example 1 can be directly embodied as a hardware processor, or can be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0086] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with this embodiment can be implemented in electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0087] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the root cause of excessive vibration of a wind turbine and controlling vibration, characterized in that: include: Obtain the wind turbine vibration data and unit operation data before and after the wind turbine vibration exceeds the limit; Threshold analysis method is used to analyze the vibration data and operation data of the unit, and the cause of the wind turbine unit vibration exceeding the limit is preliminarily determined; Conduct time-frequency domain analysis on the unit vibration data to determine the cause of the wind turbine unit vibration exceeding the limit; Based on the reasons for the wind turbine vibration exceeding the limit determined twice, the wind turbine is controlled to suppress the vibration of the wind turbine.

2. A wind turbine vibration over-limit root cause analysis and vibration control method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The unit operating data includes wind speed, risk, generator speed, nacelle position, yaw rate, pitch angle, pitch rate and hydraulic circuit pressure.

3. A wind turbine vibration over-limit root cause analysis and vibration control method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Obtain the time domain waveform of the unit vibration data; Perform fast Fourier transform on the time domain waveform to obtain the frequency domain waveform; According to the change of the amplitude of the frequency domain waveform with frequency, the cause of the wind turbine vibration exceeding the limit is determined again.

4. A wind turbine vibration over-limit root cause analysis and vibration control method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The item between the unit vibration data and the unit operation data that is greater than the set threshold is preliminarily determined as the cause of the wind turbine vibration exceeding the limit.

5. The method for analyzing the root cause of excessive vibration of a wind turbine set and controlling vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reasons for excessive vibration of wind turbines include the meshing clearance between the yaw gear and the large ring gear being greater than the set value, excessive load on the unit, abnormal jumps in the vibration signal, and / or periodic fluctuations in the speed leading to tower resonance.

6. A method for analyzing the root cause of excessive vibration of a wind turbine set and controlling vibration as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: When the cause of the wind turbine vibration exceeding the limit is that the meshing clearance between the yaw gear and the large gear ring is greater than the set value, after waiting for the yaw action of the unit to be completed, the rotation directions of the two yaw motors are controlled to be opposite; When the load of the unit exceeds the limit, the wind turbine unit is controlled to operate at limited power; When the vibration signal changes abnormally, the vibration threshold is increased; When periodic fluctuations in speed cause tower resonance, the speed is filtered.

7. A wind turbine vibration over-limit root cause analysis and vibration control system, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module, used to acquire the wind turbine vibration data and the wind turbine operation data in the time period before and after the wind turbine vibration exceeds the limit; The module for initially determining the cause of excessive vibration of the unit is used to analyze the vibration data and operation data of the unit by using the threshold analysis method to initially determine the cause of excessive vibration of the wind turbine unit; The module for re-determining the cause of the unit vibration exceeding the limit is used to perform time-frequency domain analysis on the unit vibration data and re-determine the cause of the wind turbine unit vibration exceeding the limit; The vibration suppression module is used to control the wind turbine set and suppress the vibration of the wind turbine set according to the reasons for the wind turbine set vibration exceeding the limit determined twice.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: The device comprises: a processor adapted to execute a computer program; A computer-readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, a method for analyzing the root cause of excessive vibration of a wind turbine set and controlling vibration is implemented as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing the method for analyzing the root cause of excessive vibration of a wind turbine set and controlling vibration according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for analyzing the root cause of excessive vibration of a wind turbine set and controlling vibration is implemented as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

Images