Non-metallic smelting furnace

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of smelting furnaces, and particularly relates to a non-metallic smelting furnace. The furnace body includes an outer shell and cooling coils. The outer shell includes a lower shell and an upper cylinder connected to the upper end of the lower shell. Since the raw material is located inside the lower shell during the smelting process, cooling coils are evenly coiled from top to bottom on the outer wall of the lower shell. The semi-circular cross-section of the cooling coils and the outer wall of the lower shell forms a semi-circular cooling water channel, which increases the contact area between the cooling water and the lower shell, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and achieving a good cooling effect. Since the cooling water flows in the cooling water channel to cool the lower shell, compared with the spray cooling method, it can keep the workshop clean and dry and ensure the safe operation of each piece of equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of smelting furnace technology, and more particularly to a non-metallic smelting furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Non-metallic smelting furnaces are mainly used for smelting and processing non-metallic minerals, such as quartz, bauxite, and phosphates. Their working principle typically involves heating the raw materials to high temperatures via electric arc, induction heating, or other heat sources to achieve smelting and purification goals. Specifically, electric arc furnaces generate temperatures exceeding 2000 degrees Celsius through arc discharge between electrodes, effectively melting the raw materials. Non-metallic electric arc furnaces have been used in China for many years, playing a vital role in the country's development and progress; however, many areas require innovation and improvement.

[0003] 1. The existing cooling method for the furnace body started in the 1990s with external water-cooled spray cooling. Its characteristics are safety and simplicity. However, external water-cooled spray cooling causes water to be everywhere in the lower part of the furnace body, and the entire workshop is very humid. As a result, the mechanical parts are severely corroded, the service life of the equipment is greatly reduced, and water leakage, seepage and evaporation cause a lot of water loss.

[0004] 2. During the smelting process, due to factors such as material collapse and boiling, the molten metal inside the furnace may suddenly rise. To prevent this sudden surge, a tilting angle is typically used. To achieve this, hydraulic cylinders are usually used as rear support columns. During the smelting process, the support cylinders consistently support the entire weight of the furnace, placing high demands on them. If a leak occurs, the tilt angle needs to be readjusted using a pneumatic hydraulic cylinder. Furthermore, when shutting down the furnace, a support mechanism is required to prop it up, which is extremely inconvenient.

[0005] 3. The problem of crust formation inside the dust extraction pipe near the dust extraction port is a challenge in zirconia furnace production in non-metallic smelting furnaces. During smelting, silicon in the zirconium slag is oxidized and reduced to high-temperature silicon dioxide gas under high-temperature oxidation conditions. When these gases pass through the dust extraction port of the furnace cover, the ambient temperature drops, causing the gas to cool and eventually form solid silicon deposits. This leads to crust formation inside the dust extraction pipe near the dust extraction port. Once formed, the crust gradually blocks the dust extraction pipe, severely affecting the system's ventilation and smoke extraction efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the crust inside the pipe regularly to ensure normal production. In existing non-metallic electric arc furnaces, the dust extraction pipe connected to the dust extraction port is usually a vertically arranged vertical pipe or an inclined pipe, making subsequent cleaning of the crust inside the pipe difficult, time-consuming, and labor-intensive.

[0006] 4. After the non-metallic materials are smelted in the furnace, when they are poured out, they will suddenly come into contact with cold air and form a hard non-metallic shell at the discharge nozzle. The hard shell on the discharge nozzle must be removed before the next discharge. The traditional cleaning method is to knock it off manually with a hammer / steel bar or to knock it off with a pneumatic pick. This is inconvenient, time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a non-metallic smelting furnace to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a non-metallic smelting furnace, including a concrete foundation, a support platform, a smelting furnace, a dust extraction pipe, a crust removal device, an operating platform, an electrode lifting device, and a power supply equipment.

[0009] The support platform is set on the concrete foundation. The smelting furnace, the operating platform, and the electrode lifting device are all set on the support platform, with the electrode lifting device located behind the smelting furnace and the operating platform located above the smelting furnace. The smelting furnace includes a furnace body and a furnace hood set on the top of the furnace body. The furnace body has a discharge nozzle for discharging material in the middle. The top of the furnace hood has a feeding hole and an electrode insertion hole. The side of the furnace hood has a dust extraction port, and the dust extraction pipe is connected to the dust extraction port. The crust removal device is installed on the outer wall of the furnace body on the side of the discharge nozzle and is used to remove the crust on the discharge nozzle.

[0010] The furnace body includes a furnace shell and a cooling coil. The furnace shell includes a lower shell and an upper cylinder connected to the upper end of the lower shell. The discharge nozzle is provided at the connection between the lower shell and the upper cylinder. An inspection port is provided on the side of the upper cylinder. A furnace door for opening and closing the inspection port is provided on the outer wall of the upper cylinder. The cooling coil is evenly wound around the outer wall of the lower shell from top to bottom. The cross-section of the cooling coil is semi-circular. The cooling coil and the outer wall of the lower shell enclose a cooling water channel with a semi-circular cross-section. The cooling coil is provided with an inlet and an outlet.

[0011] Optionally, the device further includes a water distributor and a water collector. The cooling coil is provided with multiple water inlets and multiple water outlets at intervals from top to bottom. The water distributor includes a main water inlet pipe and multiple water distribution pipes connected to the main water inlet pipe. The diameter of the water distribution pipes is smaller than the diameter of the main water inlet pipe. The ends of the multiple water distribution pipes away from the main water inlet pipe are respectively connected to the multiple water inlets. The water collector includes a main return water pipe and multiple water collection pipes connected to the main return water pipe. The diameter of the water collection pipes is smaller than the diameter of the main return water pipe. The ends of the multiple water collection pipes away from the main return water pipe are respectively connected to the multiple water outlets.

[0012] Optionally, the support platform includes a support mechanism, a sliding mechanism, a bearing plate, and a pushing mechanism. The support mechanism includes two front support legs and two rear support legs, the length of the two front support legs being greater than the length of the two rear support legs. The front support legs and the rear support legs are vertically arranged, making the support mechanism rectangular. The sliding mechanism slides in a direction perpendicular to the length of the rear support legs. One end of the bearing plate is hinged to the front support legs, and the other end is used to attach to the sliding mechanism or the rear support legs. The pushing mechanism is disposed between the front support legs and the rear support legs, and the pushing mechanism is used to push the bearing plate to rotate.

[0013] Optionally, the bearing plate is positioned on a first plane when it overlaps the sliding mechanism, and on a second plane when it overlaps the supporting rear leg. The first plane is horizontal, and the angle between the first plane and the second plane is 5°.

[0014] Optionally, the sliding mechanism includes a crossbeam perpendicular to the length direction of the supporting rear leg and disposed at the top of the supporting rear leg. A slider is disposed on the crossbeam and slides along the length direction of the crossbeam.

[0015] Optionally, the furnace hood includes a cylindrical body, a first water-cooled plate, and a second water-cooled plate. The dust extraction port is located on the side of the cylindrical body, the first water-cooled plate is located at the bottom of the cylindrical body, and the first water-cooled plate is installed on an opening at the top of the furnace body. The first water-cooled plate has a clearance hole in its middle, and a first water-cooling cavity is located inside the first water-cooled plate. A first water inlet pipe and a first water outlet pipe communicating with the first water-cooling cavity are located on the side of the first water-cooled plate. The second water-cooled plate is located at the top of the cylindrical body, the feeding hole and three electrode insertion holes are located on the second water-cooled plate, and the vertical projections of the feeding hole and the three electrode insertion holes all fall into the clearance hole on the first water-cooled plate. A second water-cooling cavity is located inside the second water-cooled plate, and a second water inlet pipe and a second water outlet pipe communicating with the second water-cooling cavity are located on the side of the second water-cooled plate.

[0016] Optionally, both the first water-cooled plate and the second water-cooled plate are hollow sandwich structures.

[0017] Optionally, the dust extraction pipe includes a dust extraction hood, a four-way pipe connector, a main pipe body, a first sealing cap, and a second sealing cap. The first interface of the four-way pipe connector is connected to one end of the dust extraction hood, and the other end of the dust extraction hood is used to connect to the dust extraction port. The main pipe body is arranged vertically, and the top of the main pipe body is connected to the second interface of the four-way pipe connector. The first sealing cap is disposed on the third interface of the four-way pipe connector, and the second sealing cap is disposed on the fourth interface of the four-way pipe connector. The lower side wall of the main pipe body is provided with a pipe interface for connecting the pipeline.

[0018] Optionally, the crust removal device includes a mounting bracket, a housing, a rotating arm, a hinge seat, a striking block, and a drive mechanism. The housing is mounted on the mounting bracket, which is installed on the outer wall of the furnace body on one side of the discharge nozzle. The housing has an opening on the side near the discharge nozzle. One end of the rotating arm extends into the housing through the opening. The hinge seat is located in the opening and hinged to the rotating arm. The other end of the rotating arm is located above the discharge nozzle and the striking block is fixed thereon. The rotating arm can rotate up and down around the hinge seat. The discharge nozzle is located on the movement path of the striking block. The drive mechanism is located inside the housing and connected to the end of the rotating arm that extends into the housing. The drive mechanism is used to drive the rotating arm to rotate up and down around the hinge seat so as to knock off the crust on the discharge nozzle through the striking block.

[0019] Optionally, the rotating arm has two water-cooling channels extending along the length of the rotating arm. The two water-cooling channels are connected at the end of the rotating arm near the striking block. The end of the rotating arm located inside the housing is respectively provided with a water inlet head and a water outlet head that are connected to the two water-cooling channels. The water inlet head is connected to a water inlet pipe, and the water outlet head is connected to a water return pipe.

[0020] The housing includes a main housing and a rear cover. The opening is located on one side of the main housing. The rear cover is opposite to the side of the main housing with the opening. The shell wall of the main housing has a sandwich structure, forming a water-cooling cavity inside. The outer wall of the main housing is provided with a water inlet connector and a water outlet connector that communicate with the water-cooling cavity.

[0021] The non-metallic smelting furnace provided in this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The furnace body includes an outer shell and cooling coils. The outer shell consists of a lower shell and an upper cylinder connected to the upper end of the lower shell. Since the raw materials are located inside the lower shell during the smelting process, cooling coils are evenly coiled from top to bottom on the outer wall of the lower shell. The semi-circular cross-section of the cooling coils and the outer wall of the lower shell forms a semi-circular cooling water channel, which increases the contact area between the cooling water and the lower shell, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency and achieving good cooling effect. Because the cooling water flows in the cooling water channel to cool the lower shell, compared with the spray cooling method, it can keep the workshop clean and dry and ensure the safe operation of all equipment.

[0023] 2. By setting front and rear support legs of different heights, the support platform allows the load-bearing plate to maintain a horizontal or backward tilted state. When maintaining the backward tilted state, the load-bearing plate overlaps the top of the rear support leg; when maintaining the horizontal state, the load-bearing plate overlaps the sliding mechanism. The load-bearing plate overlaps the sliding mechanism or the rear support leg through the pushing structure, which reduces the load on the pushing structure and helps maintain the stability of the load-bearing plate.

[0024] 3. The furnace cover is mainly composed of a first water-cooled plate, a second water-cooled plate, and a cylinder connecting the first and second water-cooled plates. During the smelting process, cooling water is introduced into the first water-cooled cavity inside the first water-cooled plate and the second water-cooled cavity inside the second water-cooled plate to cool the furnace cover, preventing high temperatures from affecting the installation and operation of the corresponding equipment on the furnace cover and the movement and operation of personnel. Before being discharged outward, the high-temperature flue gas in the furnace body will enter the water-cooled space formed by the first water-cooled plate, the second water-cooled plate, and the cylinder through the clearance hole in the middle of the first water-cooled plate. After being initially cooled in the water-cooled space, it will be discharged from the dust extraction port on the side of the cylinder through the dust extraction pipe. Compared with the direct discharge of high-temperature flue gas, it does not affect the dust removal performance and service life of the subsequent bag filter.

[0025] 4. The main body of the dust extraction pipe is arranged vertically. After the dust-laden flue gas enters through the dust extraction hood, it collides with the inner side of the first and second sealing covers at the four-way pipe joint and turns downwards into the main body. The crust mainly occurs on the inner wall of the first and second sealing covers. Therefore, when cleaning the crust inside the pipe in subsequent regular cleaning, it is only necessary to open the first and second sealing covers to remove the crust accumulated inside the covers. At the same time, after opening the first and second sealing covers, it is also convenient to clean the crust on the inner wall of the dust extraction hood and the inner wall of the four-way pipe joint through the third and fourth interfaces of the four-way pipe joint. The operation is simple, time-saving and labor-saving.

[0026] 5. The crust removal device includes a mounting bracket, a housing mounted on the mounting bracket, a rotating arm hinged to the housing via a hinge seat, a striking block fixed to the rotating arm, and a drive mechanism for driving the rotating arm to rotate up and down around the hinge seat. The housing is mounted on the outer wall of the furnace body on the side of the discharge nozzle via the mounting bracket. The end of the rotating arm with the striking block fixed is located above the discharge nozzle. When the drive mechanism drives the rotating arm to rotate, it causes the striking block to move together. The discharge nozzle is located in the movement path of the striking block. In actual use, after each discharge, the drive mechanism drives the rotating arm to rotate up and down around the hinge seat, and the striking block knocks off the crust on the discharge nozzle. The operation is simple and saves labor costs and time. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] in:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a non-metallic smelting furnace shown in one embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shown is of a non-metallic smelting furnace after the dust extraction pipe has been removed.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a support platform in a non-metallic smelting furnace according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection between the smelting furnace and the dust extraction pipe in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the furnace body in a non-metallic smelting furnace according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the furnace body of a smelting furnace after the cooling coil is connected to the outer wall of the lower shell, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling coil in the furnace body of a smelting furnace according to an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the furnace shroud in a non-metallic smelting furnace according to an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the furnace shroud in a non-metallic smelting furnace according to an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the furnace shroud in a non-metallic smelting furnace according to an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a dust extraction pipe in a non-metallic smelting furnace according to an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 12This is a cross-sectional view of a dust extraction pipe in a non-metallic smelting furnace according to an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 13 This is a front view of a non-metallic smelting furnace and a crust removal device shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 14 This is a top view of a non-metallic smelting furnace and a crust removal device shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a non-metallic smelting furnace crust removal device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating arm and the striking block in a crust removal device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the casing of the shell cleaning device shown in one embodiment of this application.

[0046] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0047] 1. Concrete foundation;

[0048] 2. Support platform; 21. Support mechanism; 211. Front support leg; 212. Rear support leg; 22. Sliding mechanism; 221. Crossbeam; 222. Slider; 23. Bearing plate;

[0049] 3. Smelting furnace; 31. Furnace body; 311. Furnace shell; 3101. Discharge nozzle; 3111. Lower shell; 3112. Upper cylinder; 312. Cooling coil; 3121. Water inlet; 3122. Water outlet; 313. Furnace door; 3131. Cooling pipe; 32. Furnace hood; 321. Cylinder; 3201. Dust extraction port; 322. First water-cooled plate; 32201. Clearance hole; 32202. First water-cooled cavity; 32203. First water inlet pipe; 32204. First water outlet pipe; 323. Second water-cooled plate; 32301. Feeding hole; 32302. Electrode insertion hole; 32303. Second water-cooled cavity; 32304. Second water inlet pipe; 32305. Second water outlet pipe;

[0050] 4. Dust extraction pipe; 41. Dust extraction hood; 42. Four-way pipe connector; 43. Main pipe body; 431. Pipe interface; 44. First sealing cap; 45. Second sealing cap;

[0051] 5. Shell cleaning device; 51. Mounting bracket; 52. Housing; 5201. Water inlet connector; 5202. Water outlet connector; 53. Rotary arm; 5301. T-slot; 531. Water inlet head; 532. Water outlet head; 5311. Water inlet pipe; 5321. Water return pipe; 54. Hinge seat; 55. Striking block; 56. Drive mechanism;

[0052] 6. Operating platform;

[0053] 7. Electrode lifting device;

[0054] 8. Power supply equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings. However, this application can be implemented in many other different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this application.

[0056] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0057] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0058] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly specified. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0059] Embodiments of this application provide a non-metallic smelting furnace, such as Figures 1-2 and Figures 4-7As shown, the non-metallic smelting furnace includes a concrete foundation 1, a support platform 2, a smelting furnace 3, a dust extraction pipe 4, a crust removal device 5, an operating platform 6, an electrode lifting device 7, and a power supply equipment 8. Support platform 2 is set on concrete foundation 1. Smelting furnace 3, operating platform 6, and electrode lifting device 7 are all set on support platform 2, and electrode lifting device 7 is located behind smelting furnace 3. Electrode lifting device 7 is equipped with three vertically arranged electrodes. Operating platform 6 is located above smelting furnace 3. Smelting furnace 3 includes furnace body 31 and furnace cover 32 set on top of furnace body 31. The middle part of furnace body 31 is provided with discharge nozzle 3101 for discharging material. The top of furnace cover 32 is provided with feeding hole 32301 and three electrode insertion holes 32302. The side of furnace cover 32 is provided with dust extraction port 3201. Dust extraction pipe 4 is connected to dust extraction port 3201. Shell cleaning device 5 is installed on the outer wall of furnace body 31 on one side of discharge nozzle 3101 for cleaning shells on discharge nozzle 3101. The furnace body 31 includes a furnace shell 311 and a cooling coil 312. The furnace shell 311 includes a lower shell 3111 and an upper cylinder 3112 connected to the upper end of the lower shell 3111. A discharge nozzle 3101 is provided at the connection between the lower shell 3111 and the upper cylinder 3112. An inspection port is provided on the side of the upper cylinder 3112. A furnace door 313 for opening and closing the inspection port is provided on the outer wall of the upper cylinder 3112. The cooling coil 312 is evenly coiled around the outer wall of the lower shell 3111 from top to bottom. The cross-section of the cooling coil 312 is semi-circular. The cooling coil 312 and the outer wall of the lower shell 3111 enclose a cooling water channel with a semi-circular cross-section. The cooling coil 312 is provided with an inlet 3121 and an outlet 3122.

[0060] In this embodiment, the furnace body 31 of the non-metallic smelting furnace includes a furnace shell 311 and a cooling coil 312. The furnace shell 311 includes a lower shell 3111 and an upper cylinder 3112 connected to the upper end of the lower shell 3111. Since the raw material is located inside the lower shell 3111 during the smelting process, the cooling coil 312 is evenly coiled from top to bottom on the outer wall of the lower shell 3111. The cooling coil 312 with a semi-circular cross-section is used to form a semi-circular cooling water channel between the cooling coil 312 with a semi-circular cross-section and the outer wall of the lower shell 3111, thereby increasing the contact area between the cooling water and the lower shell 3111, thus improving the heat exchange efficiency and achieving a good cooling effect. Since the cooling water flows in the cooling water channel to cool the lower shell 3111, compared with the spray cooling method, it can keep the workshop clean and dry and ensure the safe operation of each piece of equipment.

[0061] Specifically, the cooling coil 312 can be made by cutting a metal tube with a circular cross-section in half along its length, and then bending it into a corresponding arc according to the curvature of the outer surface of the lower housing 3111. The cooling coil 312 is fixed to the outer wall of the lower housing 3111 by welding.

[0062] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the cooling coil 312 is provided with multiple inlets 3121 and multiple outlets 3122 at intervals from top to bottom. The multiple inlets 3121 and outlets 3122 increase the water exchange rate within the cooling water flow channel, thereby improving the cooling effect. Furthermore, it also includes a distributor (not shown in the figure) and a collector (not shown in the figure). The distributor includes a main inlet pipe and multiple branch pipes connected to the main inlet pipe. The diameter of the branch pipes is smaller than that of the main inlet pipe. The ends of the branch pipes furthest from the main inlet pipe are each connected to one of the multiple inlets 3121. The collector includes a main return pipe and multiple collector pipes connected to the main return pipe. The diameter of the collector pipes is smaller than that of the main return pipe. The ends of the collector pipes furthest from the main return pipe are each connected to one of the multiple outlets 3122.

[0063] By setting up a water distributor and a water collector, only one main inlet pipe needs to be supplied with water and one main return pipe needs to be supplied with water, which is convenient for control. At the same time, the number of inlet and return pipes that need to be connected to the outside is reduced, and the appearance is more concise.

[0064] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the upper cylinder 3112 is provided with a heat-insulating furnace lining, which serves to provide heat insulation and heat preservation. The furnace door 313, as an important component of the furnace body 31, is directly exposed to a high-temperature environment and is easily affected by heat radiation and heat conduction, leading to an increase in the temperature of the furnace door 313. If the temperature of the furnace door 313 is too high, it will not only affect its sealing performance but may also cause deformation or damage to the furnace door 313, thereby affecting the smelting effect and safety. In one embodiment, such as... Figure 5 As shown, a cooling pipe 3131 is embedded in the furnace door 313. The cooling pipe 3131 is arranged in a corrugated shape to improve the cooling effect. The two ends of the cooling pipe 3131 serve as the water inlet and water outlet, respectively. Cooling water is introduced into the cooling pipe 3131 to cool and lower the temperature of the furnace door 313.

[0065] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-3As shown, the support platform 2 includes a support mechanism 21, a sliding mechanism 22, a support plate 23, and a pushing mechanism. The support mechanism 21 includes two front support legs 211 and two rear support legs 212. The height of the two front support legs 211 is greater than the height of the two rear support legs 212. The two front support legs 211 and two rear support legs 212 are arranged in a rectangular array, giving the support mechanism 21 a rectangular shape. The aforementioned sliding mechanism 22 is mounted on the rear support legs 212 and slides along a direction perpendicular to the rear support legs 212. One end of the support plate 23 is hinged to the front support legs 211, and the other end rests on either the sliding mechanism 22 or the rear support legs 212. The pushing mechanism is located between the front support legs 211 and the rear support legs 212, and under the push of the pushing mechanism (cylinder), the support plate 23 can rotate around the hinge point between the support plate 23 and the front support legs 211.

[0066] When the support plate 23 is attached to the sliding mechanism 22, the support plate 23 is in the first plane; when the support plate 23 is attached to the supporting rear leg 212, the support plate 23 is in the second plane. The angle between the first plane and the second plane is the backward tilt angle of the support plate 23. Preferably, the backward tilt angle is 5°.

[0067] The sliding mechanism 22 includes a crossbeam 221, which is arranged perpendicular to the length of the supporting rear leg 212 and is located at the top of the supporting rear leg 212. A slider 222 is slidably arranged on the crossbeam 221, which can slide along the length of the crossbeam 221, thereby allowing the bearing plate 23 to overlap on the slider 222 or on the supporting rear leg 212.

[0068] In this embodiment, the support platform 2 is equipped with front support legs 211 and rear support legs 212 at different heights, so that the support plate 23 can maintain a horizontal state or a backward tilted state. When maintaining the backward tilted state, the support plate 23 overlaps the top of the rear support leg 212; when maintaining the horizontal state, the support plate 23 overlaps the sliding mechanism 22. The support plate 23 overlaps the sliding mechanism 22 or the rear support leg 212 through the pushing structure, which reduces the load on the pushing structure and helps to maintain the stability of the support plate 23.

[0069] In one embodiment, such as Figures 8-10As shown, the furnace hood 32 includes a cylindrical body 321, a first water-cooled plate 322, and a second water-cooled plate 323. A dust extraction port 3201 is provided on the side of the cylindrical body 321. The first water-cooled plate 322 is located at the bottom of the cylindrical body 321 and is installed on the opening at the top of the furnace body 31. An avoidance hole 32201 is provided in the middle of the first water-cooled plate 322. A first water-cooling cavity 32202 is provided inside the first water-cooled plate 322. A first water inlet pipe 32203 and a first water outlet pipe 32204 communicating with the first water-cooling cavity 32202 are provided on the side of the first water-cooled plate 322. The second water-cooled plate 323 is disposed on the top of the cylinder 321. The second water-cooled plate 323 is provided with a feeding hole 32301 and three electrode insertion holes 32302. The vertical projections of the feeding hole 32301 and the three electrode insertion holes 32302 all fall into the clearance holes 32201 on the first water-cooled plate 322. The interior of the second water-cooled plate 323 is provided with a second water-cooling cavity 32303. The side of the second water-cooled plate 323 is provided with a second water inlet pipe 32304 and a second water outlet pipe 32305 communicating with the second water-cooling cavity 32303. Both the first water-cooled plate 322 and the second water-cooled plate 323 can be adopted as hollow sandwich structures.

[0070] During the operation of the non-metallic smelting furnace, cooling water is introduced into the first water-cooling cavity 32202 inside the first water-cooling plate 322 and the second water-cooling cavity 32303 inside the second water-cooling plate 323 to cool the furnace hood 32, preventing high temperatures from affecting the installation and operation of the corresponding equipment on the furnace hood 32 and the movement and operation of personnel. At the same time, before the high-temperature flue gas in the furnace body 31 is discharged outward, it enters the water-cooled space formed by the first water-cooling plate 322, the second water-cooling plate 323 and the cylinder 321 through the avoidance hole 32201 in the middle of the first water-cooling plate 322. After being initially cooled in the water-cooled space, it is discharged from the dust extraction port 3201 on the side of the cylinder 321 through the dust extraction pipe 4, without affecting the dust removal performance and service life of the subsequent bag filter.

[0071] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 and Figures 11-12As shown, the dust extraction pipe 4 includes a dust extraction hood 41, a four-way pipe connector 42, a main pipe body 43, a first sealing cap 44, and a second sealing cap 45. The four-way pipe connector 42 has four interfaces, referred to as the first interface, second interface, third interface, and fourth interface, respectively. The first and third interfaces are arranged opposite each other in the horizontal direction, and the second and fourth interfaces are arranged opposite each other in the vertical direction. The first interface of the four-way pipe connector 42 is connected to one end of the dust extraction hood 41, and the other end of the dust extraction hood 41 is used to connect to the dust extraction port 3201. The main pipe body 43 is arranged vertically, with its top connected to the second interface of the four-way pipe connector 42. The first sealing cap 44 is disposed on the third interface of the four-way pipe connector 42, and the second sealing cap 45 is disposed on the fourth interface of the four-way pipe connector 42. A pipe interface 431 for connecting to a pipeline is provided on the lower side wall of the main pipe body 43.

[0072] The main body 43 of the dust extraction pipe 4 is arranged vertically. After the dust-laden flue gas enters through the dust extraction hood 41, it collides with the inner side of the first sealing cover 44 and the second sealing cover 45 at the four-way pipe joint 42 and turns downwards to enter the main body 43. The crust mainly occurs on the inner side wall of the first sealing cover 44 and the second sealing cover 45. Therefore, when cleaning the crust inside the pipe in subsequent regular cleaning, it is only necessary to open the first sealing cover 44 and the second sealing cover 45 to remove the crust accumulated inside the cover. At the same time, after opening the first sealing cover 44 and the second sealing cover 45, it is also convenient to clean the crust on the inner wall of the dust extraction hood 41 and the inner wall of the four-way pipe joint 42 through the third and fourth interfaces. The operation is simple, time-saving and labor-saving.

[0073] In one embodiment, such as Figures 13-15 As shown, the crust cleaning device 5 includes a mounting bracket 51, a housing 52, a rotating arm 53, a hinge seat 54, a striking block 55, and a drive mechanism 56. The housing 52 is mounted on the mounting bracket 51, which is used to mount on the outer wall of the furnace body 31 on one side of the discharge nozzle 3101. The housing 52 has an opening on the side near the discharge nozzle 3101. One end of the rotating arm 53 extends into the housing 52 through the opening. The hinge seat 54 is located in the opening and is hinged to the rotating arm 53. The other end of the rotating arm 53 is located above the discharge nozzle 3101 and is fixed with a striking block 55. The rotating arm 53 can rotate up and down around the hinge seat 54. The discharge nozzle 3101 is located on the movement path of the striking block 55. The drive mechanism 56 is located inside the housing 52 and connected to the end of the rotating arm 53 located inside the housing 52. The drive mechanism 56 is used to drive the rotating arm 53 to rotate up and down around the hinge seat 54 so as to knock off the crust on the discharge nozzle 3101 by the striking block 55.

[0074] The mounting bracket 51 can be directly welded to the outer wall of the furnace body 31 on one side of the discharge nozzle 3101, or it can be installed on the outer wall of the furnace body 31 on one side of the discharge nozzle 3101 through fasteners or other connecting structures.

[0075] In this embodiment, the crust removal device 5 includes a mounting bracket 51, a housing 52 mounted on the mounting bracket 51, a rotating arm 53 hinged to the housing 52 via a hinge seat 54, a striking block 55 fixed to the rotating arm 53, and a drive mechanism 56 for driving the rotating arm 53 to rotate up and down around the hinge seat 54. The housing 52 is mounted on the outer wall of the furnace body 31 on one side of the discharge nozzle 3101 via the mounting bracket 51. One end of the rotating arm 53 with the striking block 55 fixed is located above the discharge nozzle 3101. When the drive mechanism 56 drives the rotating arm 53 to rotate, it causes the striking block 55 to move together. The discharge nozzle 3101 is located on the movement path of the striking block 55. In actual use, after each discharge, the drive mechanism 56 drives the rotating arm 53 to rotate up and down around the hinge seat 54, and the striking block 55 knocks off the crust on the discharge nozzle 3101. The operation is simple and saves labor costs and time.

[0076] In one embodiment, such as Figure 16 As shown, the bottom of the end of the rotating arm 53 away from the housing 52 is provided with a T-shaped groove 5301. The striking block 55 is a T-shaped block that is adapted to the T-shaped groove 5301. The striking block 55 is slidably inserted into the T-shaped groove 5301, and the striking block 55 and the T-shaped groove 5301 are locked together by a locking screw.

[0077] It should be noted that, since the crust removal device 5 is arranged relatively close to the discharge nozzle 3101 on the furnace body 31, and the surrounding temperature of the discharge nozzle 3101 is high during discharge, in order to avoid the rotating arm 53 being exposed to a high-temperature environment for a long time, affecting its performance and service life, in one embodiment, such as Figure 17 As shown, the inside of the rotating arm 53 is provided with two water-cooling channels extending along the length of the rotating arm 53. The two water-cooling channels are connected at one end of the rotating arm 53 near the striking block 55. At one end of the rotating arm 53 located inside the housing 52, there are water inlet head 531 and water outlet head 532 that are connected to the two water-cooling channels. Water inlet head 531 is connected to water inlet pipe 5311, and water outlet head 532 is connected to water return pipe 5321. The rotating arm 53 is cooled by circulating water.

[0078] In addition, the housing 52 includes a main housing and a rear cover. The opening is located on one side of the main housing, and the rear cover is opposite to the side of the main housing with the opening. The shell wall of the main housing has a sandwich structure, forming a water-cooling cavity inside. The outer wall of the main housing is provided with a water inlet connector 5201 and a water outlet connector 5202 that communicate with the water-cooling cavity.

[0079] This design uses cooling water to cool the housing 52, ensuring that the drive mechanism 56 and pipelines inside the housing 52 are in a suitable temperature environment, thus ensuring stable operation of the drive mechanism 56 and pipelines and extending their service life.

[0080] In one embodiment, such as Figure 17 As shown, the drive mechanism 56 includes a cylinder, which is vertically arranged inside the housing 52. The cylinder body is hinged to the inner wall of the main housing of the housing 52 via a support (i.e., the cylinder body can rotate relative to the main housing). The extension rod of the cylinder is hinged to one end of the rotating arm 53 that extends into the housing 52. When the cylinder is actuated, the extension rod moves up and down, driving the rotating arm 53 to rotate up and down around the hinge seat 54.

[0081] It is conceivable that in other embodiments, the drive mechanism 56 may also be a linear drive mechanism 56 such as a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder.

[0082] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0083] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A non-metallic smelting furnace, characterized in that, It includes a concrete foundation, support platform, smelting furnace, dust extraction pipe, crust removal device, operating platform, electrode lifting device, and power supply equipment; The support platform is set on the concrete foundation. The smelting furnace, the operating platform, and the electrode lifting device are all set on the support platform, with the electrode lifting device located behind the smelting furnace and the operating platform located above the smelting furnace. The smelting furnace includes a furnace body and a furnace hood set on the top of the furnace body. The furnace body has a discharge nozzle for discharging material in the middle. The top of the furnace hood has a feeding hole and an electrode insertion hole. The side of the furnace hood has a dust extraction port, and the dust extraction pipe is connected to the dust extraction port. The crust removal device is installed on the outer wall of the furnace body on the side of the discharge nozzle and is used to remove the crust on the discharge nozzle. The furnace body includes a furnace shell and a cooling coil. The furnace shell includes a lower shell and an upper cylinder connected to the upper end of the lower shell. The discharge nozzle is provided at the connection between the lower shell and the upper cylinder. An inspection port is provided on the side of the upper cylinder. A furnace door for opening and closing the inspection port is provided on the outer wall of the upper cylinder. The cooling coil is evenly wound around the outer wall of the lower shell from top to bottom. The cross-section of the cooling coil is semi-circular. The cooling coil and the outer wall of the lower shell enclose a cooling water channel with a semi-circular cross-section. The cooling coil is provided with an inlet and an outlet. The non-metallic smelting furnace also includes a water distributor and a water collector. The cooling coil is provided with multiple water inlets and multiple water outlets at intervals from top to bottom. The water distributor includes a main water inlet pipe and multiple water distribution pipes connected to the main water inlet pipe. The diameter of the water distribution pipes is smaller than the diameter of the main water inlet pipe. The ends of the multiple water distribution pipes away from the main water inlet pipe are respectively connected to the multiple water inlets. The water collector includes a main return water pipe and multiple water collection pipes connected to the main return water pipe. The diameter of the water collection pipes is smaller than the diameter of the main return water pipe. The ends of the multiple water collection pipes away from the main return water pipe are respectively connected to the multiple water outlets. The crust removal device includes a mounting bracket, a housing, a rotating arm, a hinge seat, a striking block, and a drive mechanism. The housing is mounted on the mounting bracket, which is installed on the outer wall of the furnace body on one side of the discharge nozzle. The housing has an opening on the side near the discharge nozzle. One end of the rotating arm extends into the housing through the opening. The hinge seat is located in the opening and hinged to the rotating arm. The other end of the rotating arm is located above the discharge nozzle and is fixed with the striking block. The rotating arm can rotate up and down around the hinge seat. The discharge nozzle is located on the movement path of the striking block. The drive mechanism is located inside the housing and connected to the end of the rotating arm that extends into the housing. The drive mechanism is used to drive the rotating arm to rotate up and down around the hinge seat so as to knock off the crust on the discharge nozzle through the striking block.

2. The non-metallic smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support platform includes a support mechanism, a sliding mechanism, a bearing plate, and a pushing mechanism. The support mechanism includes two front support legs and two rear support legs, with the length of the two front support legs being greater than the length of the two rear support legs. The front and rear support legs are vertically arranged, giving the support mechanism a rectangular shape. The sliding mechanism slides in a direction perpendicular to the length of the rear support legs. One end of the bearing plate is hinged to the front support legs, and the other end is used to attach to the sliding mechanism or the rear support legs. The pushing mechanism is located between the front and rear support legs and is used to push the bearing plate to rotate.

3. The non-metallic smelting furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bearing plate is positioned on a first plane when it overlaps the sliding mechanism, and on a second plane when it overlaps the supporting rear leg. The first plane is horizontal, and the angle between the first plane and the second plane is 5°.

4. The non-metallic smelting furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sliding mechanism includes a crossbeam perpendicular to the length direction of the supporting rear leg and disposed at the top of the supporting rear leg. A slider is disposed on the crossbeam and slides along the length direction of the crossbeam.

5. The non-metallic smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace hood includes a cylindrical body, a first water-cooled plate, and a second water-cooled plate. The dust extraction port is located on the side of the cylindrical body. The first water-cooled plate is located at the bottom of the cylindrical body and is installed on an opening at the top of the furnace body. A clearance hole is provided in the middle of the first water-cooled plate. A first water-cooling cavity is provided inside the first water-cooled plate. A first water inlet pipe and a first water outlet pipe communicating with the first water-cooling cavity are provided on the side of the first water-cooled plate. The second water-cooled plate is located at the top of the cylindrical body. The feeding hole and three electrode insertion holes are located on the second water-cooled plate. The vertical projections of the feeding hole and the three electrode insertion holes all fall into the clearance hole on the first water-cooled plate. A second water-cooling cavity is provided inside the second water-cooled plate. A second water inlet pipe and a second water outlet pipe communicating with the second water-cooling cavity are provided on the side of the second water-cooled plate.

6. The non-metallic smelting furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first water-cooled plate and the second water-cooled plate are hollow sandwich structures.

7. The non-metallic smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust extraction pipe includes a dust extraction hood, a four-way pipe connector, a main pipe body, a first sealing cap, and a second sealing cap. The first interface of the four-way pipe connector is connected to one end of the dust extraction hood, and the other end of the dust extraction hood is used to connect to the dust extraction port. The main pipe body is arranged vertically, and the top of the main pipe body is connected to the second interface of the four-way pipe connector. The first sealing cap is disposed on the third interface of the four-way pipe connector, and the second sealing cap is disposed on the fourth interface of the four-way pipe connector. The lower side wall of the main pipe body is provided with a pipe interface for connecting the pipeline.

8. The non-metallic smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating arm has two water-cooling channels extending along the length of the rotating arm. The two water-cooling channels are connected at the end of the rotating arm near the striking block. The end of the rotating arm located inside the housing is respectively provided with a water inlet head and a water outlet head that are connected to the two water-cooling channels. The water inlet head is connected to a water inlet pipe, and the water outlet head is connected to a water return pipe. The housing includes a main housing and a rear cover. The opening is located on one side of the main housing. The rear cover is opposite to the side of the main housing with the opening. The shell wall of the main housing has a sandwich structure, forming a water-cooling cavity inside. The outer wall of the main housing is provided with a water inlet connector and a water outlet connector that communicate with the water-cooling cavity.

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