Rapid disassembly and assembly measuring tool suitable for automatic scanning measurement of column section shell

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid disassembly and assembly measuring tool suitable for automatic scanning measurement of a column section shell, which has the characteristic of rapid assembly and disassembly, can adapt to different types of column section shells, improves the scanning measurement efficiency, and meets the scanning and measurement precision requirements. The measuring tool comprises a plurality of tool units which are uniformly distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the to-be-scanned surface of the column section shell. The tool unit comprises a tool main body and a base; the tool main body comprises a vertical rod for sticking a mark point and a connecting piece fixed at one end or two ends of the vertical rod; and the connecting piece is detachably connected with a bottom plate fixed on the rotary table.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a measuring tool, in particular to a quick-disassembly and assembly measuring tool suitable for automatic scanning measurement of a column segment shell, and belongs to the technical field of scanning measurement. Background Art

[0002] The large thin-walled column shell is a typical structural part of the missile body. The column shell is made of cast aluminum, has a complex structure, a high degree of part feature integration, and a bright surface after milling. When accurately scanning and measuring the surface (outer or inner surface) of the column shell, the work of sticking / tearing points on the surface of the column shell is too cumbersome, which can easily affect the measurement efficiency and accuracy. Some products even require that points are not allowed to be stuck on the surface. Therefore, the marking points are usually not directly arranged on the outer surface of the column shell to be measured. Instead, before the actual measurement, the spatial field of view where the column shell to be measured is located needs to be scanned.

[0003] When scanning the spatial field of view, it is necessary to design a separate measurement auxiliary tooling and arrange several marking points on the tooling. The scanner scans several marking points and splices the scanned data to form a calibration field of the target to be measured. The scanning measurement work will correspond to the previously calibrated system coordinate system according to the positional relationship between each marking point. If the position or angle of a tooling changes, it will affect the measurement accuracy and even make it impossible to solve.

[0004] The technical problems of current measuring tools include two points: First, the existing measuring tools are relatively complex in structure design and do not have the characteristics of disassembly and installation. If you need to measure column shells of different sizes, you need to redesign and install them, which increases the material and manpower investment. Second, when testing column shells of different shapes (cylindrical or truncated cones with different tapers), the current measuring tools cannot quickly switch mechanisms and cannot quickly adapt to different column shells.

[0005] In summary, in order to accurately and efficiently automatically measure the wall thickness, shape, size and position of column shell parts, high-precision structured light scanners are often required during measurement. In order to ensure measurement accuracy, this method requires the use of marker points to assist in calibration and splicing of measurement data, but pasting marker points on the measured part will greatly reduce the measurement efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to design a tool for pasting marker points to assist in measurement. The tool must not only have the characteristics of good rigidity and small linear expansion coefficient, and ensure that the relative position between the marker points does not change, but also be easy to disassemble to facilitate the replacement of the measured parts during batch measurement. Since the actual measurement requirements may involve a variety of different shapes of measured parts, it is advisable that the tooling can adapt to scenarios with a variety of different shapes of measured parts. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention discloses a quick disassembly and assembly measuring tool suitable for automatic scanning and measurement of column segment shells. The tool has the characteristics of quick installation and disassembly and can be adapted to different types of column segment shells (cylindrical or truncated cone), thereby improving the scanning and measurement efficiency and meeting the scanning and measurement accuracy requirements.

[0007] The column segment shell is placed on a turntable; the measuring tool comprises a plurality of tool units arranged on the turntable and evenly spaced along the circumference of the surface to be scanned of the column segment shell;

[0008] The tooling unit comprises: a tooling body and a base;

[0009] The tooling body includes a pole for pasting marking points and a connecting piece fixed to one or both ends of the pole;

[0010] The connecting piece is detachably connected to a bottom plate fixed on the turntable.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connecting member is connected to the bottom plate fixed on the turntable by magnetic attraction.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connecting member includes a vertical connecting member, and after the vertical rod is connected to the base through the connecting member, it is in a vertical state, which is suitable for measuring the cylindrical column segment shell;

[0013] The connecting piece also includes a connecting piece inclined at a set angle relative to the horizontal plane. After the vertical rod is connected to the base through the connecting piece, it is in an inclined state, which is suitable for measuring the truncated cone column segment shell.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the connecting piece comprises: a connecting column and a connecting plate, wherein the connecting column is butted on the upper surface of the connecting plate;

[0015] One end of the connecting column extends into the interior of the vertical pole and forms a clearance fit with the inner wall of the vertical pole, and is fixed to the vertical pole by a fastener;

[0016] A magnet sheet is arranged on the lower surface of the connecting plate.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: a positioning pin is provided on the lower surface of the connecting piece, and a positioning pin hole cooperating with the positioning pin is processed on the base.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: a plurality of bosses are arranged at intervals on the surface of the base, and magnet sheets corresponding to the bosses are arranged on the lower surface of the connecting member.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: a limit pin is designed on the lower surface of the connecting piece, and a semicircular limit groove matching the circumferential surface of the limit pin is provided on the side surface of one of the bosses on the base; each time the limit pin is installed, the limit pin is brought into contact with the limit groove on the edge of the boss on the base.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fastening hole on the base for fixing with the turntable is a waist-shaped hole, and the length direction of the waist-shaped hole is along the radial direction of the turntable at the corresponding position.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upright pole is made of carbon fiber, and the base is made of steel.

[0022] Beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) In the present invention, the vertical pole in the tooling unit is detachably connected to the bottom plate fixed on the turntable through a connecting piece, which enables the vertical pole and the turntable to be quickly installed and disassembled, providing convenience for the scanning measurement of the column shell, and making up for the shortcomings of the existing measurement auxiliary tooling in the installation and disassembly of components. That is, the use of this measurement tooling can meet the requirements for the layout of marking points in the measurement process of column shell parts, and its magnetic fixation method can realize the rapid disassembly and assembly of the main part of the measurement tooling, so as to replace the measured parts during batch measurement.

[0024] (2) In the present invention, connectors of different specifications are provided to adapt to different types of column segment shells (cylindrical or truncated cone); thus, the tooling can meet different measurement requirements for shell segments of different sizes and angles.

[0025] (3) In the present invention, a positioning pin and a limit pin are provided on the end face of the connecting piece, which cooperate with the positioning pin hole and the edge of the boss on the steel base to realize the positioning of the measuring tool body, ensuring that the relative positions between the marking points remain unchanged after each disassembly and assembly.

[0026] (4) In the present invention, the waist-shaped hole design on the base, combined with the fasteners on the turntable that match it, enables the scanning measurement auxiliary tooling to be applicable to column segment shells with larger radial dimensions, thereby expanding its application range.

[0027] (5) In the present invention, the upright pole is a carbon fiber tube. The carbon fiber material not only has the characteristics of a small linear expansion coefficient, but also has a high specific strength (specific strength refers to the ratio of the strength of a material to its density, which is usually used to evaluate the performance of a material). While ensuring the strength and rigidity of the scanning and measuring tool body, its weight can be greatly reduced, thereby avoiding the shaking of the upright pole and other problems caused by inertia when the scanning and measuring tool rotates with the turntable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the measuring tool and the cylindrical segment shell of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the measuring tool and the truncated cone column segment shell of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting piece used in the scanning measurement of the cylindrical shell in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting piece used in the scanning measurement of the truncated cone column segment shell of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface structure of the connecting member in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the base structure in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of fixing and limiting the rod end connector and the base in the present invention;

[0035] Among them: 1-column section shell, 2-vertical pole, 3-connecting piece, 4-connecting plate, 5-connecting column, 6-base, 7-magnet sheet, 8-locating pin, 9-limiting pin, 10-boss, 11-locating pin hole, 12-turntable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] This embodiment provides a quick-disassembly and assembly measuring tool suitable for automatic scanning and measurement of column segment shells. It has the characteristics of quick installation and disassembly, and can also adapt to different types of column segment shells (cylindrical or truncated cone), and is used in scenarios where high-precision structured light scanners are used to measure the geometric parameters of column segment shells.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the measuring tool comprises a number of tool units evenly spaced along the circumference of the surface of the column shell to be scanned, and each tool unit comprises: a tool body and a base 6; wherein the tool body comprises a vertical pole 2 for pasting the marking point and a connecting piece 3 fixed to one end of the vertical pole 2; the connecting piece 3 can also be provided at both ends of the vertical pole 2, so that either end of the vertical pole 2 can be connected to the base 6. The end surface of the connecting piece 3 is embedded with a magnet, which is connected to the base 6 by magnetic attraction, so as to realize the fixation and quick disassembly between the tool body and the base 6. The base 6 is made of steel, fixed to the table surface of the turntable 12 where the column shell 1 to be scanned is located, and at the same time, a magnetic attraction is generated between the magnet on the connecting piece 3 at the end of the vertical pole 2, so as to realize the fixation between the tool body and the turntable 12, and ensure that the relative position between the tool unit and the column shell 1 to be scanned and between each tool unit does not change.

[0040] In the actual measurement process of the column segment shell, the measured part, i.e., the column segment shell 1, needs to be placed on the turntable 12 (the axis of the column segment shell 1 coincides with the axis of the turntable 12); when it is necessary to scan the outer surface of the column segment shell 1, a number of the above-mentioned tooling units are evenly spaced along the circumference of the outer surface of the column segment shell 1; when it is necessary to scan the inner surface of the column segment shell 1, a number of the above-mentioned tooling units are evenly spaced along the circumference of the outer surface of the column segment shell 1. During the measurement process, the relative position between each tooling unit and the measured part is fixed, and it rotates with the turntable 12. The distance between two adjacent tooling units must be smaller than the range of a single measurement field of view of the structured light scanner to facilitate the subsequent splicing of the measurement data. That is, by scanning the mark points on the tooling units and splicing the scanned data, a calibration field of the target to be measured is formed together. The scanning measurement work will correspond to the previously calibrated system coordinate system according to the positional relationship between each mark point in the calibration field for measurement.

[0041] Due to the limited scanning depth of field of the structured light scanner, the actual measurement process requires that the distance between the marking point and the measured object is within a certain range. Therefore, for the truncated cone-shaped column shell measured object, if the installation angle of the measuring tool is significantly different from the taper of the measured object, it is difficult to ensure that the distance between the marking point and the measured object at all positions meets the measurement requirements. Based on this, different specifications of connectors are designed to meet the measurement requirements of measured objects of different shapes. By changing the angle between the axis of the positioning pin and the axis of the vertical pole, the tooling layout requirements in the measurement scenarios of measured objects of different tapers are met.

[0042] Specific: such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in the measuring tool, in order to adapt to different types of column segment shells (cylindrical or truncated cone), the connecting member 3 has different specifications according to the requirements, including Figure 3The vertical connecting member 3 shown in the figure, after the upright pole 2 is connected to the base 6 through the connecting member 3, is in a vertical state, which is suitable for measuring the cylindrical column segment shell; and also includes Figure 4 The connecting piece 3 shown is inclined at a set angle relative to the horizontal plane. After the vertical pole 2 is connected to the base 6 through the connecting piece 3, it is in an inclined state, which is suitable for measuring the truncated cone column segment shell; the vertical pole 2 is parallel to the generatrix of the corresponding position of the truncated cone column segment shell.

[0043] The bottom end of the vertical pole 2 is detachably connected to the base 6 provided on the turntable 12 by means of magnetic attraction through the connecting piece 3, so that the vertical pole 2 and the turntable 12 can be quickly installed and removed, which facilitates the scanning and measurement of the column segment shell, and makes up for the inconvenience of the existing scanning and measurement auxiliary tooling in the installation and removal of components. Therefore, when it is necessary to measure different types of column segment shells (cylindrical or truncated cone), it is only necessary to quickly replace the vertical pole 2 with the matching connecting piece 3.

[0044] As an example, the vertical pole 2 is a carbon fiber square tube; for example, the vertical pole 2 adopts a carbon fiber octagonal square tube or a hexagonal square tube with a certain thickness. The reason for using carbon fiber material is that carbon fiber material not only has the characteristics of a small linear expansion coefficient, but also has a high specific strength (specific strength refers to the ratio of the strength of a material to its density, which is usually used to evaluate the performance of a material). While ensuring the strength and rigidity of the scanning and measuring tool body, its weight can be greatly reduced, thereby avoiding the shaking of the vertical pole 2 and other problems caused by inertia when the scanning and measuring tool rotates with the turntable 12. The length of the vertical pole 2 depends on the length of the measured column segment shell 1, and its length should not be less than the length of the measured column segment shell 1 minus half of the scanning width. At the same time, the length of the carbon fiber square tube should not be too long, preferably less than 2m.

[0045] In the measuring tool, the connector 3 at the end of the vertical pole 2 is fixed to the base 6 by magnetic attraction, so one of the connector 3 and the base 6 must be made of steel. Since steel has a relatively high density, using steel to make the connectors 3 at both ends of the vertical pole 2 will cause the weight of both ends of the tool body to be too large, which will generate a large inertia force when rotating with the turntable 12. Therefore, steel is used to make the base 6, and the base 6 is fixed to the table top of the turntable 12 with screws. An aluminum alloy with a relatively low density and a relatively high specific strength is used to make the connector 3 at the end of the vertical pole 2, and a magnet sheet is embedded in it. This not only reduces the weight of the tool body, but also effectively prevents the connector body from being magnetized by the magnet.

[0046] Embodiment 2:

[0047] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the specific structural forms of the connecting member 3 and the bottom plate are changed.

[0048] like Figure 3-Figure 5As shown, a connector 3 is installed at one or both ends of the vertical pole 2. One end of the connector 3 extends into the interior of the vertical pole 2 and forms a clearance fit with the inner wall of the vertical pole 2. A hole is opened on the side of the vertical pole 2 and fixed by screws. A magnet sheet 7 is installed at the other end of the connector 3. The fixing between the connector 3 and the base 6 is achieved by the magnetic attraction between the magnet sheet 7 and the steel base 6. At the same time, a positioning pin 8 is provided on the lower surface of the connector 3, and a positioning pin hole 11 matching the positioning pin hole is processed on the base 6. The axial positioning between the tooling body and the base 6 is achieved by designing the matching tolerance between the two.

[0049] Specifically: the connector 3 includes a connecting plate 4 and a connecting column 5; the connecting column 5 is butted against the upper surface of the connecting plate 4. Connectors of different specifications 3 have different inclination angles of the connecting column 5 relative to the connecting plate 4; the connecting plate 4 is horizontally arranged for magnetic attraction with the base 6; the connecting column 5 is used to connect the vertical pole 2. The connecting column 5 is clearance-matched with the inner circumference of the vertical pole 2, so that the connecting column 5 can be inserted into the vertical pole 2. A through hole is provided on the side wall of the connecting column 5, corresponding to the through hole on the vertical pole 2, and the connector 3 is fastened to the vertical pole 2 by a fastener. A magnet sheet 7 is provided on the lower surface of the connecting plate 4.

[0050] like Figure 6 As shown, a number of bosses 10 are arranged at intervals on the surface of the base 6, which are used to directly contact the magnet sheet 7 on the end face of the connecting member 3 (the end face of the connecting member 3 is provided with a one-to-one corresponding magnet sheet 7). When the magnet sheet 7 is in complete contact with the corresponding boss 10 surface, the contact area is the largest and the magnetic attraction is the most obvious, thereby achieving fixation; when the tooling body needs to be removed from the base 6, it is only necessary to rotate the tooling body to disengage the magnet sheet 7 from the boss 10 (at this time, the magnet sheet 7 is located in the gap between adjacent bosses 10). At this time, there is almost no magnetic attraction between the magnet sheet 7 and the steel base 6, and the tooling body can be easily removed as a whole.

[0051] As an example, an X-shaped boss 10 is provided on the upper surface of the base 6, and a positioning pin hole 11 is provided in the center of the base 6. Four magnet pieces 7 are distributed on the lower surface of the connecting plate 4, and the four magnet pieces 7 correspond to the four branches of the X-shaped boss 10; at the same time, a positioning pin 8 that cooperates with the positioning pin hole 11 is provided in the center of the lower surface of the connecting plate 4. The positioning pin 8 cooperates with the positioning pin hole 11 and is used for the positioning connection between the connector 3 and the base 6. The magnet piece 7 is magnetically attracted to the boss 10, and when the magnet piece 7 moves away from the X-shaped boss, the connector 3 and the base 6 lose the magnetic attraction fixing effect.

[0052] As an example, the magnet sheet 7 is embedded in the corresponding groove of the connecting plate 4 to prevent the magnet sheet 7 from falling off the connecting plate 4.

[0053] In addition, in order to ensure that the relative positions of the marking points pasted on different tooling bodies remain unchanged after each disassembly and assembly of the tooling body, a limit pin 9 is designed on the end face of the connecting piece 3, and a semicircular limit groove matching the circumferential surface of the limit pin 9 is provided on the side of one of the bosses (or a branch of the X-shaped boss 10) on the base 6; during each installation, the limit pin 9 is brought into contact with the limit groove on the edge of the boss on the base 6, thereby achieving circumferential positioning between the tooling body and the base 6.

[0054] At the same time, the fastening hole on the base 6 used for fixing with the turntable 12 is a waist-shaped hole, and the length direction of the waist-shaped hole is along the radial direction of the turntable 12 at the corresponding position, so that the base 6 can move radially along the turntable 12, so as to flexibly adjust the radial arrangement formed by the scanning measurement auxiliary tooling upright 2 according to the diameter of the measured column segment shell 1.

[0055] The measuring auxiliary tool is mainly used to paste the marking points. Before using the measuring tool, the base 6 must be fixed to the turntable 12 with screws according to the marking point arrangement requirements, and then the marking points must be pasted on the tool body and each tool body must be numbered. During installation, align the end face positioning pin of the tool body with the positioning pin hole of the base, first make the magnet sheet avoid the boss on the base, insert the positioning pin, and rotate the tool body to make the magnet sheet completely contact with the boss of the base, and the end face limit pin of the connector contact with the limit groove on the edge of the boss of the base. To disassemble the tool body, rotate the tool body in the opposite direction until the magnet is completely separated from the boss of the base, and then pull it out straight along the axis of the positioning pin.

[0056] For batch measurement scenarios, each time you disassemble the tool body, you must remember the number of each tool body, install it in the corresponding position, and ensure that the position of the limit pin is the same each time you install it.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick disassembly and assembly measuring tool suitable for automatic scanning and measurement of column segment shells, wherein the column segment shell (1) is placed on a turntable (12); characterized in that: The measuring tool comprises a plurality of tool units arranged on the turntable (12) and evenly spaced along the circumference of the surface to be scanned of the column segment housing (1); The tooling unit comprises: a tooling body and a base (6); The tooling body comprises: a vertical pole (2) for pasting the marking point and a connecting piece (3) fixed at one end or both ends of the vertical pole (2); The connecting member (3) is detachably connected to a bottom plate (6) fixed on the turntable (12).

2. The quick disassembly and assembly measuring tool suitable for automatic scanning and measurement of column segment shell according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connecting piece (3) is connected to a bottom plate (6) fixed on the turntable (12) by means of magnetic attraction.

3. The quick disassembly and assembly measuring tool suitable for automatic scanning and measurement of column segment shell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The connecting member (3) comprises a vertical connecting member, and after the vertical rod (2) is connected to the base (6) through the connecting member (3), it is in a vertical state, which is suitable for measuring the cylindrical column segment shell; The connecting piece (3) also includes a connecting piece inclined at a set angle relative to the horizontal plane. After the vertical pole (2) is connected to the base (6) through the connecting piece (3), it is in an inclined state, which is suitable for measuring the shell of the truncated cone column segment.

4. The quick disassembly and assembly measuring tool suitable for automatic scanning and measurement of column segment shell according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The connecting member (3) comprises: a connecting column (5) and a connecting plate (4), wherein the connecting column (5) is butt-jointed to the upper surface of the connecting plate (4); One end of the connecting column (5) extends into the interior of the vertical pole (2) to form a clearance fit with the inner wall of the vertical pole (2), and is fixed to the vertical pole (2) by a fastener; A magnet sheet (7) is provided on the lower surface of the connecting plate (4).

5. The quick disassembly and assembly measuring tool suitable for automatic scanning and measurement of column segment shell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The lower surface of the connecting piece (3) is provided with a positioning pin (8), and the base (6) is provided with a positioning pin hole (11) matching the positioning pin.

6. The quick disassembly and assembly measuring tool suitable for automatic scanning and measurement of column segment shell according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The surface of the base (6) is provided with a plurality of bosses (10) at intervals, and the lower surface of the connecting member (3) is provided with magnet pieces (7) corresponding one to one with the bosses (10).

7. The quick disassembly and assembly measuring tool suitable for automatic scanning and measurement of column segment shell according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The lower surface of the connecting member (3) is designed with a limit pin (9), and the side surface of one of the bosses on the base (6) is provided with a semicircular limit groove matching the circumferential surface of the limit pin (9); each time during installation, the limit pin (9) is brought into contact with the limit groove on the edge of the boss on the base (6).

8. A scanning measurement auxiliary tool suitable for a column segment shell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The fastening hole on the base (6) used for fixing with the turntable (12) is a waist-shaped hole, and the length direction of the waist-shaped hole is along the radial direction of the turntable (12) at the corresponding position.

9. A scanning measurement auxiliary tool suitable for a column segment shell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The upright pole (2) is made of carbon fiber, and the base (6) is made of steel.

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