Fiber alignment device and method for multifunctional optical fiber network of intelligent substation

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical fiber aligning device and method for a multifunctional optical fiber network of an intelligent substation, and relates to the technical field of electric power, the optical fiber aligning device comprises a packaging box, an optical splitter structure and a laser structure, the optical splitter structure realizes two-in and two-out optical path communication through fine processing of ST and LC optical fibers, and a miniature laser head of the laser structure can assist in optical fiber aligning operation. The fiber alignment method comprises the following steps: inspecting the device before starting, checking the tool, inspecting the identification on site, cleaning and connecting the optical fiber, positioning and identifying by using laser during fiber alignment, positioning, checking and repairing by using an instrument when a fault occurs, and evaluating service operation by counting service data packet loss and transmission delay conditions. Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects in the aspects of optical path processing, device integration, laser assistance, early-stage inspection, troubleshooting and evaluation and the like, the fiber alignment accuracy can be improved, and the accuracy and the normality of optical fiber network and service operation are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric power technology, and in particular to a fiber alignment device and method for a multifunctional optical fiber network of an intelligent substation. Background Art

[0002] With the development of my country's power industry, smart substations are increasing. 110kV and above substations are built in many regions, of which smart substations account for nearly half, and the number is still increasing. Almost all new stations are smart substations. For smart substations, signal transmission mainly relies on optical fiber. When the smart station is inspected and maintained, various problems and troubles will be encountered, which will waste working time and seriously affect the efficiency of work. First, there are various types of optical fiber interfaces, and the test interface cannot be determined; second, the storage of test optical fiber is complicated, which makes it difficult to find and increase the damage rate; third, the fiber-pairing tools are easy to lose; fourth, different devices have different usage scenarios, and the switching of optical fiber interfaces is complicated. In view of the various shortcomings of traditional fiber-pairing technology in the application of optical fiber networks in smart substations, in order to better meet the high requirements of smart substations for optical fiber communication and ensure the stable operation of the power system, a more advanced, efficient and accurate multifunctional optical fiber network fiber-pairing device and method is urgently needed. This new technical solution should be able to overcome the limitations of traditional technology, achieve fast and accurate optical fiber positioning and connection, and comprehensive and accurate business operation evaluation, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the optical fiber network of smart substations.

[0003] In summary, the multifunctional fiber optic network fiber pairing device and method for smart substation came into being in such a background, aiming to solve the problems existing in traditional fiber pairing technology and adapt to the growing demand for fiber optic communication in smart substations. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fiber alignment device and method for a multifunctional optical fiber network of an intelligent substation. By integrating different optical fiber interfaces, the time for preparing, using, and organizing optical fibers can be shortened, and the integrated lighting pen function of LC-LC, ST-ST, and ST-LC optical fiber interface conversion can be realized at the same time. The intelligent substation's fault elimination work can be more effectively assisted in selecting appropriate laser equipment to improve the accuracy of fiber alignment. If there is a fault during or after completion, relevant instruments can be used to locate, troubleshoot, and repair it. Finally, by counting the business data packet loss and transmission delay within a certain period of time, a comprehensive evaluation of the business function status is combined with a variety of calculation methods to ensure the accuracy and normality of the entire optical fiber network's fiber alignment and business operation to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A fiber pairing device for a multifunctional optical fiber network of an intelligent substation includes a packaging box, a splitter structure and a laser structure; the fiber pairing device mainly realizes the distribution and connection of optical fiber optical paths through the splitter structure, and uses the laser structure to assist in the positioning and connection confirmation of the optical fiber. The splitter structure distributes and outputs the input optical signal according to a specific ratio, and the laser structure emits laser to visually observe the connectivity of the optical fiber during the fiber pairing process.

[0007] The optical splitter structure includes a housing, an ST optical fiber and an LC optical fiber, characterized in that the ST optical fiber and the LC optical fiber are cut into four optical fiber segments of the same length and are combined into one segment by taper. One end of the ST optical fiber and the LC optical fiber after taper is passed into the housing. A quartz tube is arranged at the center of the housing. The quartz tube and one end of the ST optical fiber and the LC optical fiber after taper are fused to realize optical path connection, so as to achieve a two-in-two-out effect.

[0008] The laser structure comprises a micro laser head, the positive and negative electrodes of the micro laser head are connected to the corresponding positive and negative electrodes of the battery through a circuit, and a control switch is installed in the circuit;

[0009] The spectrometer structure and the laser structure are fixed by a packaging box. The laser structure is located on one side of the spectrometer and is installed relatively parallel to it. The spectrometer structure and the laser structure are fixed by the packaging box. On the one hand, the two structures can be protected from the influence of external environmental factors and their service life can be extended; on the other hand, the relative position between them can be fixed to maintain a stable spatial relationship.

[0010] The micro laser head is a red dot laser with a power of 3mW. It is clear that the micro laser head emits a red dot laser with a power of 3mW. The power determines the intensity of the laser. The power of 3mW can meet the needs of effective transmission and detection in the optical fiber, and will not cause damage to the optical fiber or the operator due to excessive power. The red dot laser has good visibility. When operating the fiber, the operator can easily observe the transmission of the laser in the optical fiber and the situation of the laser passing through the other end of the optical fiber, so as to accurately perform operations such as optical fiber positioning and connectivity judgment.

[0011] The micro laser head preferably has a size of 2cm*0.8cm. This size can effectively emit laser light that meets the requirements while being able to better fit the space in the packaging box. When the operator performs fiber alignment operations, it will not cause inconvenience due to the oversized size, nor will it affect the laser emission effect and stability due to the undersized size.

[0012] A warning sign is posted on the light outlet of the micro laser head. Although the laser power is relatively low, it still has a certain amount of light radiation, which may cause damage to human eyes. Posting a warning sign can remind operators to protect their eyes and avoid looking directly at the laser light outlet, ensuring the personal safety of operators when using the fiber alignment device for fiber alignment operations.

[0013] A fiber pairing method for a multifunctional optical fiber network of an intelligent substation, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1: Before departure, the staff will conduct a visual inspection of the fiber-pairing device of the substation's multifunctional optical fiber network to ensure that it has no obvious damage, that all components are firmly connected, and that there are no cracks in the box body and whether the interface is loose. At the same time, a simple functional test is conducted on the key components of the conversion box, the splitter and laser emitting device, to check whether the shell of the splitter structure is intact, whether the connection and fusion joints between the ST fiber and the LC fiber are stable, and whether there are obvious signs of breakage or looseness. For the parts that have been tapered and fused to the quartz tube, carefully observe whether there are any abnormalities, and check whether the tools and accessories carried are complete, including the matching optical fiber, possible spare optical fiber, and cleaning tools. In order to ensure that the fiber-pairing device itself is in a working state, the integrity of the splitter structure and the firmness of the optical fiber connection are the basis for subsequent accurate fiber-pairing operations. Through appearance inspection and simple functional testing, possible problems can be discovered in advance to avoid the inability to work smoothly due to device failures during on-site fiber-pairing.

[0015] S2: Check the optical port identification of the on-site equipment one by one against the documentation to ensure that the port number, the name of the connected equipment and the identification information of the carried service are clear, accurate and consistent with the documentation; for unclearly identified ports, mark or correct them in a timely manner in accordance with unified specifications; determine the equipment interface connected to the ST fiber and LC fiber in the fiber pairing device against the equipment port configuration information and the fiber cable identification, check whether the identification of the equipment interface is clear, and for unclearly identified interfaces, mark or correct them in a timely manner in accordance with unified specifications to ensure accurate fiber connection; by performing detailed inspections and marking corrections against the documentation, it can be ensured that the optical fiber of the fiber pairing device is accurately connected to the corresponding equipment interface, thus laying the foundation for subsequent fiber pairing and service transmission operations.

[0016] S3: Use a fiber optic cleaning tool to clean the ends of the ST and LC fibers to be connected and the optical ports corresponding to the equipment. Dip a clean cotton swab in an appropriate amount of alcohol and gently wipe the fiber end face and equipment port to remove dust, oil and impurities to ensure that the end face is smooth to ensure good fiber connection performance; insert one end of the cleaned ST and LC fibers into the corresponding equipment optical ports respectively, and ensure that the optical fibers are fully inserted into the ports and clamped to prevent looseness and unstable signal transmission; follow the same method to connect the ST and LC fibers on the other side of the fiber device corresponding to the connected device to the corresponding optical port of another related device to complete the preliminary connection between the optical fiber and the device; cleaning the fiber end face and equipment port is to remove impurities that may affect the performance of the optical fiber connection and ensure that the optical signal can be well transmitted between the optical fiber and the equipment interface. When the optical fiber is accurately inserted and clamped in the optical port of the equipment, a stable physical connection can be established, so that subsequent optical signals can be transmitted normally in the optical fiber network.

[0017] S4: Perform the fiber alignment operation, turn on the control switch of the laser structure, make the micro laser head emit a red dot laser, aim the laser emitted by the micro laser head at one end of the optical fiber that needs to be confirmed, and quickly locate and identify the optical fiber by observing whether the laser is emitted from the other end of the optical fiber. During the fiber alignment process, if there is any doubt about whether the connection between the two optical fibers is correct, the micro laser head can be used to emit laser at one end of one optical fiber, and then observe whether the laser can be received at the other end of the other optical fiber to assist in judging the correctness of the optical fiber connection; the laser emitted by the micro laser head propagates in the optical fiber. When the optical fiber connection is normal, the laser can be smoothly transmitted from one end to the other end and emitted, thereby realizing the rapid positioning of the optical fiber and the preliminary judgment of the correctness of the connection. By using the propagation characteristics of the laser in the optical fiber, the connectivity of the optical fiber can be intuitively checked during the fiber alignment process, providing convenience for accurate fiber alignment.

[0018] S5: During or after fiber alignment, if a fault is found in the optical fiber network, first use a fiber identifier and optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to locate the fault area; by observing the instrument's detection data, the connectivity, loss, and optical signal strength indicators of the optical fiber link, combined with the on-site optical fiber laying and connection point conditions, preliminarily determine the possible problem areas, and take corresponding repair measures for the faults found;

[0019] S6: Check whether the service can run normally. Evaluate the operation of the service by analyzing the packet loss and transmission delay of the service data within a certain period of time; check whether there is a problem of data packet loss and excessive transmission delay. When the service data is transmitted in the optical fiber network, packet loss and transmission delay may occur due to various factors such as poor optical fiber connection and network congestion. By counting the data packet loss and transmission delay within a certain period of time, the actual operation effect of the service in the optical fiber network can be evaluated from the data level, and then judge whether the service function is normal, so as to find problems in time and take measures to adjust them.

[0020] In step S4, the fiber optic link is tested for connectivity by using a fiber optic identifier, sending an identification signal at one end of the fiber optic link, and then detecting the signal at the other end to determine whether the fiber is connected, and recording the time interval t between sending the signal and receiving the signal. interval , according to the relationship between the speed of light c and the length of the optical fiber link L:

[0021]

[0022] Where c is the speed of light, specifically 2.998×10 8 m / s, t interval is the time interval between sending and receiving the signal. The reason for dividing by 2 here is that the signal propagates back and forth in the optical fiber. Compare the calculated length L with the expected length L marked in the design drawing. expected For comparison, calculate the length deviation rate:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, L expected is the expected length L expected , when ΔL rate When the deviation exceeds the set threshold of 10%, it indicates that the optical fiber link may have abnormal stretching or bending, which requires further inspection.

[0025] In step S5, an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) is used to test the optical fiber link to check the connectivity and loss of each core optical fiber. During the fiber pairing process, the overall fiber pairing effect can be evaluated by calculating the average value of the connection quality coefficient of each core optical fiber. The calculation formula of the overall connection quality coefficient of the optical fiber is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] Where i is the i-th core fiber, Q i is the connection quality coefficient of the ith core optical fiber, n is the number of optical fiber cores;

[0028] Calculate the connectivity difference rate of each core fiber:

[0029]

[0030] Where Q max Q is the connection quality factor total The maximum value in Q min Q is the connection quality factor total The minimum value in Q average is the quality factor Q total average value;

[0031] By comparing ΔC rate If the difference is ±20% from the preset threshold, it can be judged whether there is a large difference in the connectivity of the multi-core fiber pair. rate If the difference threshold exceeds ±20%, further inspection and adjustment of the connection is required.

[0032] The step S6 evaluates the operation of the service by counting the packet loss and transmission delay of the service data within a certain period of time;

[0033] The data packet loss is calculated in the following way:

[0034] In the time interval T, the service data received by the monitoring point is continuously collected, and the collected data is divided into fixed time windows Δt for grouping, which are divided into N groups (N = T / Δt). The data in each group is recorded as D n Where n = 1, 2, ..., N;

[0035] For each time window Δt, the theoretical data volume D that should be received in the time window is calculated according to the sending rules and rate of the business data. theoretical,n , and its calculation formula is:

[0036] D theoretical,n =R×Δt

[0037] The business data is at a constant rate R, and Δt is the time window;

[0038] Count the amount of data actually received in each time window D actual,n ;

[0039] Calculate the service data packet loss rate P in each time window lost,n :

[0040]

[0041] Where D theoretical,n is the theoretical data volume, D actual,n is the actual amount of data received;

[0042] In order to comprehensively evaluate the service data packet loss situation in the entire time interval T, the service data packet loss rate P is calculated by weighted average. lost , different weights are assigned according to the importance of different time windows to the business. The formula is:

[0043]

[0044] Where P lost,n is the service data packet loss rate of each time window, w n Assign different weights to different time windows based on their importance to the business;

[0045] The step S6 evaluates the operation of the service by counting the packet loss and transmission delay of the service data within a certain period of time;

[0046] The operation of the transmission delay assessment service is calculated in the following manner:

[0047] Record the timestamp t of the first service data in each data group arriving at the monitoring point n,1 , it is known that the service data starts to be sent at time t0, then the service transmission delay time of each packet is:

[0048] Δt n =t n,1 -t0

[0049] where t n,1 The timestamp of the first service data in each data group arriving at the monitoring point, t0 represents the time when the service data starts to be sent;

[0050] Calculate the average value of service transmission delay time:

[0051]

[0052] Where Δt n(n＝1,2,…,N) ;

[0053] In order to measure the fluctuation of service transmission delay, the coefficient of variation CV is used for evaluation. First, the standard deviation σ of service transmission delay time is calculated:

[0054]

[0055] Where Δt n(n＝1,2,…,N) , is the average value of service transmission delay time;

[0056] Then calculate the coefficient of variation:

[0057]

[0058] Where σ is the standard deviation of service transmission delay time, It is the average value of service transmission delay time.

[0059] The step S6 evaluates the operation of the service by counting the packet loss and transmission delay of the service data within a certain period of time;

[0060] The packet loss and transmission delay of the service data within a certain period of time are evaluated by the following comprehensive calculation method:

[0061] Define a comprehensive evaluation index I eval To comprehensively judge the status of business functions, the business data packet loss rate P is taken into account lost The coefficient of variation CV of the service transmission delay is calculated using a linear weighted method:

[0062] I eval =w1×(1-P lost )+w2×(1-CV)

[0063] Where w1 is the weight of the service data packet loss rate, w2 is the weight of the service transmission delay variation coefficient, P lost is the service data packet loss rate, CV is the coefficient of variation of service transmission delay;

[0064] Setting I eval If the value is greater than or equal to the preset evaluation threshold, it is considered that the transmission of the service function in the optical fiber network is basically normal; if I eval If it is less than the preset assessment threshold, it is considered that the service function is abnormal and the fiber status and equipment configuration need to be rechecked.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0066] The splitter structure achieves a two-input and two-output optical path connection effect through fine operations such as cutting, tapering, and welding of ST optical fiber and LC optical fiber with quartz tube. Compared with some existing technologies, it may have higher accuracy in optical path allocation and connection, and can more effectively meet the complex requirements of the multifunctional optical fiber network of smart substations for different optical signal transmission paths and distribution ratios, ensuring the stability and accuracy of optical signal transmission.

[0067] The key components such as the optical splitter and the laser head transmitting device are integrated in a packaging box to form a relatively independent and complete fiber alignment device. Compared with the situation in the prior art where multiple scattered components may need to be assembled and debugged separately, this highly integrated design greatly simplifies the installation and debugging process, reduces the risk of failure caused by loose connection of components or compatibility issues, and improves the reliability and ease of use of the entire device.

[0068] The laser structure is equipped with a micro laser head with a power of 3mW, suitable size and warning sign. Compared with some existing technologies that may lack such targeted auxiliary tools, it can easily achieve rapid positioning of optical fibers and judgment of connection correctness by emitting red dot lasers during the fiber alignment process, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of fiber alignment operations. At the same time, its power setting ensures both effective detection and the safety of optical fibers and operators.

[0069] In the steps before the fiber alignment operation, for example, the staff conducts a detailed appearance inspection of the fiber alignment device and functional testing of key components before departure, and carefully checks the optical port identification and connection interface of the on-site equipment against the data. Compared with the existing technology, which may have less comprehensive and detailed inspections, more potential problems can be discovered and solved in advance, laying a solid foundation for the subsequent smooth fiber alignment and reducing fiber alignment delays or errors caused by device failures or unclear identification.

[0070] During or after the fiber alignment process, the fiber optic identifier and optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) are used to accurately locate the fault area, and a series of rigorous data calculation methods (such as calculating the connection quality coefficient of each core fiber, data packet loss rate, transmission delay related indicators, etc.) are used to comprehensively evaluate the business operation status. Compared with existing technologies, it may be more timely and accurate to identify the fault points of the fiber optic network and comprehensively evaluate the business function status, so that targeted repair measures can be taken more quickly to ensure the continued normal operation of the business in the fiber optic network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0071] Figure 1 This is a principle effect diagram of a fiber splitter of a multifunctional optical fiber network of a smart substation according to the present invention.

[0072] Figure 2 This is a rendering of the laser equipment effect of a fiber alignment device for a multifunctional optical fiber network of an intelligent substation according to the present invention.

[0073] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the overall packaging effect of a fiber-pairing device for a multifunctional optical fiber network of an intelligent substation according to the present invention.

[0074] Figure 4 The present invention is a flowchart of a fiber alignment method for a multifunctional optical fiber network of an intelligent substation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be fully described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0076] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a fiber-pairing device for a multifunctional optical fiber network of an intelligent substation includes a packaging box, a splitter structure and a laser structure;

[0077] The optical splitter structure includes a housing, an ST optical fiber and an LC optical fiber, characterized in that the ST optical fiber and the LC optical fiber are cut into four optical fiber segments of the same length and are combined into one segment by taper. One end of the ST optical fiber and the LC optical fiber after taper is passed into the housing. A quartz tube is arranged at the center of the housing. The quartz tube and one end of the ST optical fiber and the LC optical fiber after taper are fused to realize optical path connection, so as to achieve a two-in-two-out effect.

[0078] The laser structure comprises a micro laser head, the positive and negative electrodes of the micro laser head are connected to the corresponding positive and negative electrodes of the battery through a circuit, and a control switch is installed in the circuit;

[0079] The beam splitter structure and the laser structure are fixed via a packaging box, and the laser structure is located on one side of the beam splitter and is installed relatively parallel to the beam splitter.

[0080] The micro laser head is a red point laser with a power of 3mW.

[0081] The micro laser head preferably has a size of 2 cm*0.8 cm.

[0082] A warning sign is posted on the light outlet of the micro laser head.

[0083] A fiber pairing method for a multifunctional optical fiber network of an intelligent substation, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0084] S1: Before departure, the staff shall conduct an appearance inspection on the fiber-pairing device of the multifunctional optical fiber network of the substation to ensure that there is no obvious damage, that all components are firmly connected, and that there are no cracks in the box body and that the interface is loose. At the same time, a simple functional test shall be conducted on the key components of the optical splitter and laser emission device in the conversion box to check whether the shell of the optical splitter structure is intact, whether the connection and fusion joints between the ST optical fiber and the LC optical fiber are stable, and whether there are obvious signs of breakage or looseness. For the parts that have been tapered and fused to the quartz tube, carefully observe whether there are any abnormalities, and check whether the tools and accessories carried are complete, including the matching optical fiber, possible spare optical fiber, and cleaning tools;

[0085] S2: Check the optical port identification of the on-site equipment one by one by comparing with the documentation, and ensure that the port number, the name of the connected equipment and the identification information of the carried service are clear, accurate and consistent with the documentation; for unclearly identified ports, mark or correct them in a timely manner according to the unified specifications; compare the equipment port configuration information and the optical fiber cable identification, determine the equipment interface connected to the ST optical fiber and LC optical fiber in the fiber pairing device, and check whether the identification of the equipment interface is clear. For unclearly identified interfaces, mark or correct them in a timely manner according to the unified specifications to ensure accurate optical fiber connection;

[0086] S3: Use a fiber optic cleaning tool to clean the ends of the ST fiber and LC fiber to be connected and the corresponding optical ports of the device. Dip a cleaning cotton swab in an appropriate amount of alcohol and gently wipe the fiber end face and device port to remove dust, oil and impurities to ensure that the end face is smooth to ensure good fiber optic connection performance; insert one end of the cleaned ST fiber and LC fiber into the corresponding device optical port respectively, and ensure that the fiber is fully inserted into the port and clamped to prevent looseness that causes unstable signal transmission; follow the same method to connect the ST fiber and LC fiber on the other side of the fiber-pairing device corresponding to the connected device to the corresponding optical port of another related device to complete the preliminary connection between the fiber and the device;

[0087] S4: Perform fiber alignment operation, turn on the control switch of the laser structure, make the micro laser head emit red dot laser, aim the laser emitted by the micro laser head at one end of the optical fiber that needs to be confirmed, and quickly locate and identify the optical fiber by observing whether there is laser light coming out from the other end of the optical fiber. During the fiber alignment process, if there is any doubt about whether the connection between the two optical fibers is correct, you can use the micro laser head to emit laser at one end of one optical fiber, and then observe whether the laser can be received at the other end of the other optical fiber, so as to assist in judging the correctness of the optical fiber connection;

[0088] S5: During or after fiber alignment, if a fault is found in the optical fiber network, first use a fiber identifier and optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to locate the fault area; by observing the instrument's detection data, the connectivity, loss, and optical signal strength indicators of the optical fiber link, combined with the on-site optical fiber laying and connection point conditions, preliminarily determine the possible problem areas, and take corresponding repair measures for the faults found;

[0089] S6: Check whether the business can run normally. Evaluate the business operation status through the service data packet loss and transmission delay within a certain period of time; check whether there is a problem of data packet loss or excessive transmission delay.

[0090] In step S4, the fiber optic link is tested for connectivity by using a fiber optic identifier, sending an identification signal at one end of the fiber optic link, and then detecting the signal at the other end to determine whether the fiber is connected, and recording the time interval t between sending the signal and receiving the signal. interval , according to the relationship between the speed of light c and the length of the optical fiber link L:

[0091]

[0092] Where c is the speed of light, specifically 2.998×10 8 m / s, t intervalis the time interval between sending and receiving the signal. The reason for dividing by 2 here is that the signal propagates back and forth in the optical fiber. Compare the calculated length L with the expected length L marked in the design drawing. expected For comparison, calculate the length deviation rate:

[0093]

[0094] Among them, L expected is the expected length L expected , when ΔL rate When the deviation exceeds the set threshold of 10%, it indicates that the optical fiber link may have abnormal stretching or bending, which requires further inspection.

[0095] In step S5, an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) is used to test the optical fiber link to check the connectivity and loss of each core optical fiber. During the fiber pairing process, the overall fiber pairing effect can be evaluated by calculating the average value of the connection quality coefficient of each core optical fiber. The calculation formula of the overall connection quality coefficient of the optical fiber is as follows:

[0096]

[0097] Where i is the i-th core fiber, Q i is the connection quality coefficient of the ith core optical fiber, n is the number of optical fiber cores;

[0098] Calculate the connectivity difference rate of each core fiber:

[0099]

[0100] Where Q max Q is the connection quality factor total The maximum value in Q min Q is the connection quality factor total The minimum value in Q average is the quality factor Q total average value;

[0101] By comparing ΔC rate If the difference is ±20% from the preset threshold, it can be judged whether there is a large difference in the connectivity of the multi-core fiber pair. rate If the difference threshold exceeds ±20%, further inspection and adjustment of the connection is required.

[0102] The step S6 evaluates the operation of the service by counting the packet loss and transmission delay of the service data within a certain period of time;

[0103] The data packet loss is calculated in the following way:

[0104] In the time interval T, the service data received by the monitoring point is continuously collected, and the collected data is divided into fixed time windows Δt for grouping, which are divided into N groups (N = T / Δt). The data in each group is recorded as D n Where n = 1, 2, ..., N;

[0105] For each time window Δt, the theoretical data volume D that should be received in the time window is calculated according to the sending rules and rate of the business data. theoretical,n , and its calculation formula is:

[0106] D theoretical,n =R×Δt

[0107] The business data is at a constant rate R, and Δt is the time window;

[0108] Count the amount of data actually received in each time window D actual,n ;

[0109] Calculate the service data packet loss rate P in each time window lost,n :

[0110]

[0111] Where D theoretical,n is the theoretical data volume, D actual,n is the actual amount of data received;

[0112] In order to comprehensively evaluate the service data packet loss situation in the entire time interval T, the service data packet loss rate P is calculated by weighted average. lost , different weights are assigned according to the importance of different time windows to the business. The formula is:

[0113]

[0114] Where P lost,n is the service data packet loss rate of each time window, w n Assign different weights to different time windows based on their importance to the business;

[0115] The step S6 evaluates the operation of the service by counting the packet loss and transmission delay of the service data within a certain period of time;

[0116] The operation of the transmission delay assessment service is calculated in the following manner:

[0117] Record the timestamp t of the first service data in each data group arriving at the monitoring point n,1 , it is known that the service data starts to be sent at time t0, then the service transmission delay time of each packet is:

[0118] Δt n =t n,1 -t0

[0119] where t n,1 The timestamp of the first service data in each data group arriving at the monitoring point, t0 represents the time when the service data starts to be sent;

[0120] Calculate the average value of service transmission delay time:

[0121]

[0122] Where Δt n(n＝1,2,…,N) ;

[0123] In order to measure the fluctuation of service transmission delay, the coefficient of variation CV is used for evaluation. First, the standard deviation σ of service transmission delay time is calculated:

[0124]

[0125] Where Δt n(n＝1,2,…,N) , is the average value of service transmission delay time;

[0126] Then calculate the coefficient of variation:

[0127]

[0128] Where σ is the standard deviation of service transmission delay time, It is the average value of service transmission delay time.

[0129] The step S6 evaluates the operation of the service by counting the packet loss and transmission delay of the service data within a certain period of time;

[0130] The packet loss and transmission delay of the service data within a certain period of time are evaluated by the following comprehensive calculation method:

[0131] Define a comprehensive evaluation index I eval To comprehensively judge the status of business functions, the business data packet loss rate P is taken into account lost The coefficient of variation CV of the service transmission delay is calculated using a linear weighted method:

[0132] I eval =w1×(1-P lost )+w2×(1-CV)

[0133] Where w1 is the weight of the service data packet loss rate, w2 is the weight of the service transmission delay variation coefficient, P lost is the service data packet loss rate, CV is the coefficient of variation of service transmission delay;

[0134] Setting I eval If the value is greater than or equal to the preset evaluation threshold, it is considered that the transmission of the service function in the optical fiber network is basically normal; if I eval If it is less than the preset assessment threshold, it is considered that the service function is abnormal and the fiber status and equipment configuration need to be rechecked.

[0135] Carry out a comprehensive and detailed initial inspection of the assembled and packaged fiber alignment device.

[0136] A simple functional test is performed on the key components in the conversion box, namely the optical splitter and the laser emitting device. For the optical splitter structure, by inputting a certain intensity of optical signal, observe whether the output optical signal is distributed in the expected two-input and two-output manner, so as to check whether the shell of the optical splitter structure is intact, whether the internal optical path is connected normally, whether the connection and fusion of ST fiber and LC fiber are stable, and whether the transmission and distribution of optical signals can be realized normally.

[0137] After arriving at the smart substation site, the staff must first check the optical port identification of the on-site equipment one by one by comparing it with the relevant information. Check whether the number of each port, the name of the connected device and the identification information of the carried service are clear, accurate and consistent with the information.

[0138] For ports with unclear identification, they should be marked or corrected in a timely manner according to unified specifications. By checking the device port configuration information and the fiber cable identification, determine the device interface connected to the ST fiber and LC fiber in the fiber pairing device. Also check whether the identification of these device interfaces is clear. For interfaces with unclear identification, they should also be marked or corrected in a timely manner according to unified specifications to ensure that the fiber of the fiber pairing device can be accurately connected to the corresponding device interface during subsequent fiber connection.

[0139] Use the fiber optic cleaning tool to clean the ends of ST and LC optical fibers to be connected and the optical ports corresponding to the equipment. The specific method is to dip a cleaning cotton swab in an appropriate amount of alcohol, then gently wipe the fiber end face and the equipment port, carefully remove dust, oil and other impurities, ensure that the end face is smooth, and thus ensure good fiber optic connection performance.

[0140] Insert one end of the cleaned ST fiber and LC fiber into the corresponding optical port of the device. During the insertion process, make sure that the fiber is fully inserted into the port and clamped to prevent looseness and unstable signal transmission. In the same way, connect the ST fiber and LC fiber on the other side of the fiber-pairing device corresponding to the connected device to the corresponding optical port of another related device to complete the initial connection between the fiber and the device, laying the foundation for subsequent fiber-pairing operations.

[0141] When performing fiber alignment operations, turn on the control switch of the laser structure to make the micro laser head emit a red dot laser with a power of 3mW.

[0142] Aim the laser emitted by the micro laser head at one end of the optical fiber that needs to be confirmed, and quickly locate and identify the optical fiber by observing whether the laser is emitted from the other end of the optical fiber. During the fiber alignment process, if there is any doubt about whether the connection between the two optical fibers is correct, the micro laser head can be used to emit laser at one end of one optical fiber, and then observe whether the laser can be received at the other end of the other optical fiber, so as to assist in judging the correctness of the optical fiber connection and improve the accuracy and efficiency of the fiber alignment operation.

[0143] The fiber optic identification instrument is used to test the connectivity of the connected fiber optic link. An identification signal is sent at one end of the fiber optic link, and then the signal is detected at the other end to determine whether the fiber optic link is connected. The time interval t between the sent signal and the received signal is recorded. interval , according to the relationship between the speed of light c and the length of the optical fiber link L:

[0144]

[0145] Where c is the speed of light, specifically 2.998×10 8 m / s, t interval is the time interval between sending and receiving the signal. The reason for dividing by 2 here is that the signal propagates back and forth in the optical fiber. Compare the calculated length L with the expected length L marked in the design drawing. expected For comparison, calculate the length deviation rate:

[0146]

[0147] Among them, L expected is the expected length L expected , when ΔL rate When the deviation exceeds the set threshold of 10%, it indicates that the optical fiber link may have abnormal stretching or bending, which requires further inspection.

[0148] Use an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to test the optical fiber link and check the connectivity and loss of each core optical fiber. During the fiber pairing process, the overall fiber pairing effect can be evaluated by calculating the average value of the connection quality coefficient of each core optical fiber. The calculation formula for the overall fiber connection quality coefficient is as follows:

[0149]

[0150] Where i is the i-th core fiber, Q i is the connection quality coefficient of the ith core optical fiber, n is the number of optical fiber cores;

[0151] Calculate the connectivity difference rate of each core fiber:

[0152]

[0153] Where Q max Q is the connection quality factor total The maximum value in Q min Q is the connection quality factor total The minimum value in Q average is the quality factor Q total average value;

[0154] By comparing ΔC rate If the difference is ±20% from the preset threshold, it can be judged whether there is a large difference in the connectivity of the multi-core fiber pair. rate If the difference threshold exceeds ±20%, further inspection and adjustment of the connection is required.

[0155] During or after fiber alignment, if a fault is found in the fiber network, the fault area must first be located using a fiber identifier and an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR).

[0156] By observing the detection data of the fiber optic identifier and optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR), including the connectivity, loss, optical signal strength index, etc. of the fiber optic link, combined with the on-site fiber optic laying and connection point conditions, a preliminary judgment can be made on possible problem areas to provide accurate positioning information for subsequent repair work.

[0157] For the faults found, take appropriate repair measures according to the specific situation. For example, if the fault is caused by loose fiber connection, you need to reconnect and tighten the fiber; if the fiber is broken, you need to replace the damaged fiber segment; if the problem is excessive optical path loss, you may need to check whether there are any abnormalities in the splitter structure or other related components, and make corresponding adjustments or repairs.

[0158] Check whether the business can run normally, and evaluate the business operation status through the service data packet loss and transmission delay within a certain period of time; check whether there are problems such as data packet loss and excessive transmission delay.

[0159] Evaluate the operation of the service by counting the packet loss and transmission delay of service data within a certain period of time;

[0160] The data packet loss is calculated in the following way:

[0161] In the time interval T, the service data received by the monitoring point is continuously collected, and the collected data is divided into fixed time windows Δt for grouping, which are divided into N groups (N = T / Δt). The data in each group is recorded as D nWhere n = 1, 2, ..., N;

[0162] For each time window Δt, the theoretical data volume D that should be received in the time window is calculated according to the sending rules and rate of the business data. theoretical,n , and its calculation formula is:

[0163] D theoretical,n =R×Δt

[0164] The business data is at a constant rate R, and Δt is the time window;

[0165] Count the amount of data actually received in each time window D actual,n ;

[0166] Calculate the service data packet loss rate P in each time window lost,n :

[0167]

[0168] Where D theoretical,n is the theoretical data volume, D actual,n is the actual amount of data received;

[0169] In order to comprehensively evaluate the service data packet loss situation in the entire time interval T, the service data packet loss rate P is calculated by weighted average. lost , different weights are assigned according to the importance of different time windows to the business. The formula is:

[0170]

[0171] Where P lost,n is the service data packet loss rate of each time window, w n Assign different weights to different time windows based on their importance to the business;

[0172] The operation of the transmission delay assessment service is calculated in the following manner:

[0173] Record the timestamp t of the first service data in each data group arriving at the monitoring point n,1 , it is known that the service data starts to be sent at time t0, then the service transmission delay time of each packet is:

[0174] Δt n =t n,1 -t0

[0175] where t n,1 The timestamp of the first service data in each data group arriving at the monitoring point, t0 represents the time when the service data starts to be sent;

[0176] Calculate the average value of service transmission delay time:

[0177]

[0178] Where Δt n(n＝1,2,…,N) ;

[0179] In order to measure the fluctuation of service transmission delay, the coefficient of variation CV is used for evaluation. First, the standard deviation σ of service transmission delay time is calculated:

[0180]

[0181] Where Δt n(n＝1,2,…,N) , is the average value of service transmission delay time;

[0182] Then calculate the coefficient of variation:

[0183]

[0184] Where σ is the standard deviation of service transmission delay time, It is the average value of service transmission delay time.

[0185] The packet loss and transmission delay of the service data within a certain period of time are evaluated by the following comprehensive calculation method:

[0186] Define a comprehensive evaluation index I eval To comprehensively judge the status of business functions, the business data packet loss rate P is taken into account lost The coefficient of variation CV of the service transmission delay is calculated using a linear weighted method:

[0187] I eval =w1×(1-P lost )+w2×(1-CV)

[0188] Where w1 is the weight of the service data packet loss rate, w2 is the weight of the service transmission delay variation coefficient, P lost is the service data packet loss rate, CV is the coefficient of variation of service transmission delay;

[0189] Setting I eval If the value is greater than or equal to the preset evaluation threshold, it is considered that the transmission of the service function in the optical fiber network is basically normal; if I eval If it is less than the preset assessment threshold, it is considered that the service function is abnormal and the fiber status and equipment configuration need to be rechecked.

Claims

1. A fiber pairing device for a multifunctional optical fiber network of an intelligent substation, comprising a packaging box, a splitter structure and a laser structure; The optical splitter structure includes a housing, ST optical fiber and LC optical fiber, and is characterized in that: The ST optical fiber and the LC optical fiber are cut into four optical fiber sections of the same length, and are combined into one by taper. One end of the ST optical fiber and the LC optical fiber after taper are passed into the housing. A quartz tube is arranged at the center of the housing. The quartz tube and one end of the ST optical fiber and the LC optical fiber after taper are fused to realize optical path connection, so as to achieve a two-in, two-out effect. The laser structure comprises a micro laser head, the positive and negative electrodes of the micro laser head are connected to the corresponding positive and negative electrodes of the battery through a circuit, and a control switch is installed in the circuit; The beam splitter structure and the laser structure are fixed via a packaging box, and the laser structure is located on one side of the beam splitter and is installed relatively parallel to the beam splitter.

2. The fiber pairing device for a multifunctional optical fiber network of a smart substation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The micro laser head is a red point laser with a power of 3mW.

3. The fiber pairing device for a multifunctional optical fiber network of a smart substation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The micro laser head preferably has a size of 2 cm*0.8 cm.

4. The fiber pairing device for a multifunctional optical fiber network of a smart substation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A warning sign is posted on the light outlet of the micro laser head.

5. A fiber pairing method for a multifunctional optical fiber network of a smart substation, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1: Before departure, the staff shall conduct an appearance inspection on the fiber-pairing device of the multifunctional optical fiber network of the substation to ensure that there is no obvious damage, that all components are firmly connected, and that there are no cracks in the box body and that the interface is loose. At the same time, a simple functional test shall be conducted on the key components of the optical splitter and laser emission device in the conversion box to check whether the shell of the optical splitter structure is intact, whether the connection and fusion joints between the ST optical fiber and the LC optical fiber are stable, and whether there are obvious signs of breakage or looseness. For the parts that have been tapered and fused to the quartz tube, carefully observe whether there are any abnormalities, and check whether the tools and accessories carried are complete, including the matching optical fiber, possible spare optical fiber, and cleaning tools; S2: Check the optical port identification of the on-site equipment one by one by comparing with the documentation, and ensure that the port number, the name of the connected equipment and the identification information of the carried service are clear, accurate and consistent with the documentation; for unclearly identified ports, mark or correct them in a timely manner according to the unified specifications; compare the equipment port configuration information and the optical fiber cable identification, determine the equipment interface connected to the ST optical fiber and LC optical fiber in the fiber pairing device, and check whether the identification of the equipment interface is clear. For unclearly identified interfaces, mark or correct them in a timely manner according to the unified specifications to ensure accurate optical fiber connection; S3: Use a fiber optic cleaning tool to clean the ends of the ST fiber and LC fiber to be connected and the corresponding optical ports of the device. Dip a cleaning cotton swab in an appropriate amount of alcohol and gently wipe the fiber end face and device port to remove dust, oil and impurities to ensure that the end face is smooth to ensure good fiber optic connection performance; insert one end of the cleaned ST fiber and LC fiber into the corresponding device optical port respectively, and ensure that the fiber is fully inserted into the port and clamped to prevent looseness that causes unstable signal transmission; follow the same method to connect the ST fiber and LC fiber on the other side of the fiber-pairing device corresponding to the connected device to the corresponding optical port of another related device to complete the preliminary connection between the fiber and the device; S4: Perform fiber alignment operation, turn on the control switch of the laser structure, make the micro laser head emit red dot laser, aim the laser emitted by the micro laser head at one end of the optical fiber that needs to be confirmed, and quickly locate and identify the optical fiber by observing whether there is laser light coming out from the other end of the optical fiber. During the fiber alignment process, if there is any doubt about whether the connection between the two optical fibers is correct, you can use the micro laser head to emit laser at one end of one optical fiber, and then observe whether the laser can be received at the other end of the other optical fiber, so as to assist in judging the correctness of the optical fiber connection; S5: During or after fiber alignment, if a fault is found in the optical fiber network, first use a fiber identifier and optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to locate the fault area; by observing the instrument's detection data, the connectivity, loss, and optical signal strength indicators of the optical fiber link, combined with the on-site optical fiber laying and connection point conditions, preliminarily determine the possible problem areas, and take corresponding repair measures for the faults found; S6: Check whether the business can run normally. Evaluate the business operation status through the service data packet loss and transmission delay within a certain period of time; check whether there is a problem of data packet loss or excessive transmission delay.

6. The fiber pairing device for a multifunctional optical fiber network of a smart substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the fiber optic link is tested for connectivity by using a fiber optic identifier, sending an identification signal at one end of the fiber optic link, and then detecting the signal at the other end to determine whether the fiber is connected, and recording the time interval t between sending the signal and receiving the signal. interval , according to the relationship between the speed of light c and the length of the optical fiber link L: Where c is the speed of light, specifically 2.998×10 8 m / s, t interval is the time interval between sending and receiving the signal. The reason for dividing by 2 here is that the signal propagates back and forth in the optical fiber. Compare the calculated length L with the expected length L marked in the design drawing. expected For comparison, calculate the length deviation rate: Among them, L expected is the expected length L expected , when ΔL rate When the deviation exceeds the set threshold of 10%, it indicates that the optical fiber link may have abnormal stretching or bending, which requires further inspection.

7. The fiber pairing device for a multifunctional optical fiber network of a smart substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) is used to test the optical fiber link to check the connectivity and loss of each core optical fiber. During the fiber pairing process, the overall fiber pairing effect can be evaluated by calculating the average value of the connection quality coefficient of each core optical fiber. The calculation formula of the overall connection quality coefficient of the optical fiber is as follows: Where i is the i-th core fiber, Q i is the connection quality coefficient of the ith core optical fiber, n is the number of optical fiber cores; Calculate the connectivity difference rate of each core fiber: Where Q max Q is the connection quality factor total The maximum value in Q min Q is the connection quality factor total The minimum value in Q average is the quality factor Q total average value; By comparing ΔC rate If the difference is ±20% from the preset threshold, it can be judged whether there is a large difference in the connectivity of the multi-core fiber pair. rate If the difference threshold exceeds ±20%, further inspection and adjustment of the connection is required.

8. The fiber pairing device for a multifunctional optical fiber network of a smart substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S6 evaluates the operation of the service by counting the packet loss and transmission delay of the service data within a certain period of time; The data packet loss is calculated in the following way: In the time interval T, the service data received by the monitoring point is continuously collected, and the collected data is divided into fixed time windows Δt for grouping, and divided into N groups (N = T / Δt). The data in each group is recorded as D n Where n = 1, 2, ..., N; For each time window Δt, the theoretical data volume D that should be received in the time window is calculated according to the sending rules and rate of the business data. theoretical,n , and its calculation formula is: D theoretical,n =R×Δt The business data is at a constant rate R, and Δt is the time window; Count the amount of data actually received in each time window D actual,n ; Calculate the service data packet loss rate P in each time window lost,n : Where D theoretical,n is the theoretical data volume, D actual,n is the actual amount of data received; In order to comprehensively evaluate the service data packet loss situation in the entire time interval T, the service data packet loss rate P is calculated by weighted average. lost , different weights are assigned according to the importance of different time windows to the business. The formula is: Where P lost,n is the service data packet loss rate of each time window, w n Different weights are assigned to different time windows based on their importance to the business.

9. The fiber pairing device for a multifunctional optical fiber network of a smart substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S6 evaluates the operation of the service by counting the packet loss and transmission delay of the service data within a certain period of time; The operation of the transmission delay assessment service is calculated in the following manner: Record the timestamp t of the first service data in each data group arriving at the monitoring point n,1 , it is known that the service data starts to be sent at time t0, then the service transmission delay time of each packet is: Δt n =t n,1 -t0 where t n,1 The timestamp of the first service data in each data group arriving at the monitoring point, t0 represents the time when the service data starts to be sent; Calculate the average value of service transmission delay time: Where Δt n(n＝1,2,…,N) ; In order to measure the fluctuation of service transmission delay, the coefficient of variation CV is used for evaluation. First, the standard deviation σ of the service transmission delay time is calculated: Where Δt n(n＝1,2,…,N) , is the average value of service transmission delay time; Then calculate the coefficient of variation: Where σ is the standard deviation of service transmission delay time, It is the average value of service transmission delay time.

10. The fiber pairing device for a multifunctional optical fiber network of a smart substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S6 evaluates the operation of the service by counting the packet loss and transmission delay of the service data within a certain period of time; The packet loss and transmission delay of the service data within a certain period of time are evaluated by the following comprehensive calculation method: Define a comprehensive evaluation index I eval To comprehensively judge the status of business functions, the business data packet loss rate P is taken into account lost The coefficient of variation CV of the service transmission delay is calculated using a linear weighted method: I eval =w1×(1-P lost )+w2×(1-CV) Where w1 is the weight of the service data packet loss rate, w2 is the weight of the service transmission delay variation coefficient, P lost is the service data packet loss rate, CV is the coefficient of variation of service transmission delay; Setting I eval If it is greater than or equal to the preset evaluation threshold, it is considered that the transmission of the service function in the optical fiber network is basically normal; If I eval If it is less than the preset assessment threshold, it is considered that the service function is abnormal and the fiber status and equipment configuration need to be rechecked.

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