Hydrogen fuel cell system and control method thereof, vehicle, storage medium

Abstract

The present application relates to a hydrogen fuel cell system, a control method thereof, a vehicle, and a storage medium, the hydrogen fuel cell system comprising: a hydrogen storage device; a stack; a vortex tube; a mixing chamber, an output end of the mixing chamber being communicated with an input end of the stack; a hot flow valve, arranged at a first input end of the mixing chamber; a cold flow valve, arranged at a second input end of the mixing chamber; and a controller, configured to: acquire a target hydrogen temperature value entering the stack and a current hydrogen temperature value entering the stack; and based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, adjust an opening degree of the cold flow valve and an opening degree of the hot flow valve, so that the current hydrogen temperature value reaches the target hydrogen temperature value. The present application adjusts the flow rates of the cold flow and the hot flow, so that the hydrogen temperature entering the stack is consistent with the target hydrogen temperature, thereby avoiding that the hydrogen temperature entering the stack is too high or too low.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell system, a control method thereof, a vehicle and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] A hydrogen fuel cell is a device that generates electricity by reacting hydrogen and oxygen. With the increasing global demand for renewable and clean energy, hydrogen fuel cells are increasingly used in the automotive field.

[0003] However, the temperature of hydrogen entering the cell stack is uncontrollable, which can affect the service life of the battery. For example, when the temperature of hydrogen entering the cell stack is too low, the mixing of low-temperature hydrogen and high-temperature hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump can easily condense into water droplets, block the hydrogen flow channel of the cell stack, cause hydrogen starvation, and accelerate the degradation of the battery. In related technologies, the hydrogen is heated by the cooling liquid of the cell stack, but the heat exchange speed between hydrogen and the cooling liquid is slow and cannot quickly respond to the heating demand.

[0004] Therefore, how to make the temperature of hydrogen entering the stack meet the use demand is a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0005] One of the purposes of the present application is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell system to solve the problem of uncontrollable temperature of hydrogen entering the cell stack in related technologies. The second purpose is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell system. The third purpose is to provide a vehicle.

[0006] To achieve the above purposes, the technical solutions adopted by the present application are as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, a hydrogen fuel cell system is provided, comprising:

[0008] A hydrogen storage device for providing hydrogen;

[0009] A cell stack for releasing electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction;

[0010] A vortex tube, the input end of the vortex tube being in communication with the output end of the hydrogen storage device, the hot flow output end of the vortex tube being in communication with the first input end of the mixing chamber, and the cold flow output end of the vortex tube being in communication with the second input end of the mixing chamber;

[0011] A mixing chamber, the output end of the mixing chamber being in communication with the input end of the cell stack;

[0012] A hot flow valve arranged at the first input end of the mixing chamber, the hot flow valve being used to adjust the flow of hot flow output by the vortex tube;

[0013] A cold flow valve arranged at the second input end of the mixing chamber, the cold flow valve being used to adjust the flow of cold flow output by the vortex tube;

[0014] a controller configured to:

[0015] obtain a target hydrogen temperature value entering the stack and a current hydrogen temperature value entering the stack;

[0016] adjust an opening degree of the cold flow valve and an opening degree of the hot flow valve based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, so that the current hydrogen temperature value reaches the target hydrogen temperature value.

[0017] According to the above technical means, the embodiments of the present application precisely control the hydrogen temperature entering the stack by adjusting the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve. Specifically, based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve required to make the current hydrogen temperature value reach the target hydrogen temperature value can be determined, and further, the current hydrogen temperature value entering the stack is adjusted to reach the target temperature value by adjusting the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve, so as to control the hydrogen temperature entering the stack, and avoid the life attenuation of the hydrogen fuel cell caused by the uncontrollable hydrogen temperature entering the stack.

[0018] Further, the controller executes the adjustment of the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, which is specifically configured to: determine a target cold flow rate and a target hot flow rate based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value; adjust the opening degree of the cold flow valve based on the target cold flow rate, and adjust the opening degree of the hot flow valve based on the target hot flow rate.

[0019] Since the cold flow rate is determined by the opening degree of the cold flow valve, and the hot flow rate is determined by the opening degree of the hot flow valve, adjusting the opening degree of the cold flow valve based on the target cold flow rate and adjusting the opening degree of the hot flow valve based on the target hot flow rate can adjust the cold flow rate and the hot flow rate, and further adjust the hydrogen temperature entering the stack.

[0020] Further, the hydrogen fuel cell system further comprises a hydrogen recovery branch, an input end of the hydrogen recovery branch being communicated with an output end of the stack, and an output end of the hydrogen recovery branch being communicated with an input end of the mixing chamber; a hot stream temperature sensor arranged at the first input end of the mixing chamber, the hot stream temperature sensor being configured to detect a hot stream temperature value of the hot stream output by the vortex tube; a cold stream temperature sensor arranged at the second input end of the mixing chamber, the cold stream temperature sensor being configured to detect a cold stream temperature value of the cold stream output by the vortex tube; a stack temperature sensor arranged on the hydrogen recovery branch, the stack temperature sensor being configured to detect a recovery hydrogen temperature value output by the stack; a hot stream flow meter arranged at the first input end of the mixing chamber, the hot stream flow meter being configured to detect a hot stream flow of the hot stream output by the vortex tube; a cold stream flow meter arranged at the second input end of the mixing chamber, the cold stream flow meter being configured to detect a cold stream flow of the cold stream output by the vortex tube; a stack flow meter arranged on the hydrogen recovery branch, the stack flow meter being configured to detect a recovery hydrogen flow output by the stack; a target cold stream flow being determined by a product of a difference between the hot stream temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot stream flow, a product of a difference between the recovery hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovery hydrogen flow, and a difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold stream temperature value; and a target hot stream flow being determined by a product of a difference between the cold stream temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold stream flow, a product of a difference between the recovery hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovery hydrogen flow, and a difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot stream temperature value.

[0021] According to the above technical means, the hydrogen recovery branch is arranged to recover the hydrogen that is not fully reacted in the stack, so that the hydrogen that is not fully reacted is mixed with the cold end hydrogen and the hot end hydrogen in the mixing chamber and then enters the stack again, which can fully utilize the hydrogen and avoid the safety hazard caused by the hydrogen. The temperature value of the hydrogen entering the stack is related to the cold stream temperature value, the cold stream flow, the hot stream temperature value, the hot stream flow, the recovery hydrogen temperature value, and the recovery hydrogen flow. The target cold stream flow is determined according to the product of the difference between the hot stream temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot stream flow, the product of the difference between the recovery hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovery hydrogen flow, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold stream temperature value, and the target hot stream flow is determined according to the product of the difference between the cold stream temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold stream flow, the product of the difference between the recovery hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovery hydrogen flow, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot stream temperature value, so that the opening degree of the cold stream valve and the opening degree of the hot stream valve that can make the temperature of the hydrogen entering the stack reach the target hydrogen temperature can be accurately determined.

[0022] Further, the hydrogen fuel cell system further comprises a heat exchange device and a cold stream branch control valve arranged between the cold stream output end of the vortex tube and the second input end of the mixing chamber; the heat exchange device comprises an air conditioner heat exchanger and a composite heat exchanger; an output end of the air conditioner heat exchanger is in communication with the second input end of the mixing chamber; a first output end of the composite heat exchanger is in communication with the second input end of the mixing chamber; the cold stream branch control valve has an input end in communication with the cold stream output end of the vortex tube, a first output end in communication with the input end of the air conditioner heat exchanger, and a second output end in communication with the first input end of the composite heat exchanger; the cold stream branch control valve is used to control the cold stream output end of the vortex tube to be in communication with the input end of the air conditioner heat exchanger or the first input end of the composite heat exchanger; the controller is further configured to: acquire an ambient temperature at which the stack is located; in a case where the ambient temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold, control the cold stream branch control valve to be in communication with the input end of the air conditioner heat exchanger; in a case where the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, control the cold stream branch control valve to be in communication with the first input end of the composite heat exchanger.

[0023] According to the above technical means, in a case where the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold, the cold stream branch control valve is controlled by the present application to be in communication with the input end of the air conditioner heat exchanger, so that the cold end hydrogen gas output by the cold stream output end of the vortex tube is heat-exchanged with the refrigerant circuit in the air conditioner heat exchanger. Since the temperature of the cold end hydrogen gas is relatively low (usually about minus 30 degrees Celsius), the cold end hydrogen gas can provide cold energy for the air conditioner system after heat-exchanged with the refrigerant circuit. In a case where the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, the air conditioner system is usually not needed to be started, and for this, the cold stream branch control valve is controlled by the present application to be in communication with the first input end of the composite heat exchanger, so that the cold end hydrogen gas output by the cold stream output end of the vortex tube is heat-exchanged with the radiator, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the radiator.

[0024] Further, the hydrogen fuel cell system further comprises a hydrogen temperature sensor arranged at the input end of the stack and used to detect a hydrogen temperature value of hydrogen entering the stack; the controller is specifically configured to: acquire the current hydrogen temperature value by the hydrogen temperature sensor.

[0025] According to the above technical means, the current hydrogen temperature value is acquired by the hydrogen temperature sensor, which is convenient for judging whether the current hydrogen temperature value reaches the target hydrogen temperature value.

[0026] Further, the stack comprises a cooling pipeline arranged in the stack and used to be heat-exchanged with hydrogen in the stack; an output end of the cooling pipeline is in communication with the second input end of the composite heat exchanger, and an input end of the cooling pipeline is in communication with the second output end of the composite heat exchanger.

[0027] According to the above technical means, the cooling pipe can be heat-exchanged again through the composite heat exchanger after heat-exchanged in the stack, so as to complete the heat transfer.

[0028] Further, the hydrogen fuel cell system further comprises a radiator, an input end of the radiator being in communication with the third output end of the composite heat exchanger, and an output end of the radiator being in communication with the third output end of the composite heat exchanger, and the radiator is used for heat-exchanging with the composite heat exchanger.

[0029] According to the above technical means, the cooling pipe in the radiator is heat-exchanged with the outside air on one hand, and heat-exchanged with the cold-end hydrogen flow path in the composite heat exchanger on the other hand, so as to improve the heat exchange rate of the cooling pipe.

[0030] In a second aspect, a control method of a hydrogen fuel cell system is provided, and the method comprises:

[0031] obtaining a target hydrogen temperature value entering the stack and a current hydrogen temperature value entering the stack;

[0032] based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, adjusting the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve, so that the current hydrogen temperature value reaches the target hydrogen temperature value.

[0033] Further, based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, adjusting the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve comprises: based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, determining a target cold flow rate and a target hot flow rate; based on the target cold flow rate, adjusting the opening degree of the cold flow valve, and based on the target hot flow rate, adjusting the opening degree of the hot flow valve.

[0034] Further, the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system further comprises: obtaining an ambient temperature of the stack; in a case that the ambient temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold, controlling the cold flow branch control valve to be in conduction between the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the input end of the air conditioner heat exchanger; in a case that the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, controlling the cold flow branch control valve to be in conduction between the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the first input end of the composite heat exchanger.

[0035] Further, the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system further comprises: obtaining the current hydrogen temperature value through a hydrogen temperature sensor.

[0036] In a third aspect, a vehicle is provided, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor executes the program to implement the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system provided in the second aspect.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which comprises computer instructions, when the computer instructions are controlled on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system provided in the second aspect and possible implementation manners.

[0038] In a fifth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which can be directly loaded into a memory and contains software codes, and the computer program product can realize the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system provided in the second aspect and possible implementation manners after being loaded and executed by a computer.

[0039] It should be noted that the above computer instructions can be stored on the computer readable storage medium in whole or in part. The computer readable storage medium can be packaged together with the processor of the controller or packaged separately from the processor of the controller, and the present application does not limit this.

[0040] Therefore, the above technical features of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0041] (1) The embodiments of the present application precisely control the hydrogen temperature entering the stack by adjusting the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve. Specifically, based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve required to make the current hydrogen temperature value reach the target hydrogen temperature value can be determined, and further by adjusting the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve, the current hydrogen temperature value entering the stack reaches the target temperature value, so as to realize the control of the hydrogen temperature entering the stack, and avoid the hydrogen fuel cell life attenuation caused by the uncontrollable hydrogen temperature entering the stack.

[0042] (2) In the case where the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold, the air conditioning system usually needs to be started, and for this, the cold flow branch control valve is controlled to guide the cold flow output end of the vortex tube to the input end of the air conditioning heat exchanger, so that the cold end hydrogen output by the cold flow output end of the vortex tube exchanges heat with the refrigerant circuit in the air conditioning heat exchanger. Because the temperature of the cold end hydrogen is low (usually about minus 30 degrees Celsius), after exchanging heat with the refrigerant circuit, it can provide cold energy for the air conditioning system. In the case where the ambient temperature is less than the preset temperature threshold, the air conditioning system usually does not need to be started, and for this, the cold flow branch control valve is controlled to guide the cold flow output end of the vortex tube to the first input end of the composite heat exchanger, so that the cold end hydrogen output by the cold flow output end of the vortex tube exchanges heat with the radiator, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the radiator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 A structure diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system provided by the embodiments of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 2 A hardware structure schematic diagram of a controller provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 3 A structure schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system provided for an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0046] Figure 4 A structure schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system provided for an embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0047] Figure 5 A structure schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system provided for an embodiment of the present application Figure 4 ;

[0048] Figure 6 A structure schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system provided for an embodiment of the present application Figure 5 ;

[0049] Figure 7 A structure schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system provided for an embodiment of the present application Figure 6 ;

[0050] Figure 8 A flow schematic diagram of a control method of a hydrogen fuel cell system provided for an embodiment of the present application

[0051] Figure 9 A structure schematic diagram of a vehicle provided for an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] Other advantages and effects of the present application can be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the above description of the preferred embodiments of the present application. The present application can also be implemented or applied in other different specific embodiments, and the details in the present description can be modified or changed based on different views and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present application, but not for limiting the protection scope of the present application.

[0053] It should be noted that the diagrams provided in the following embodiments only schematically illustrate the basic concept of the present application, and only the components related to the present application are shown in the diagrams, but not the number, shape and size of the components when actually implemented. The type, number and ratio of the components when actually implemented can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout type of the components can also be more complex.

[0054] The terms "first", "second", and the like, as used in the specification and claims of the application and the above figures, are used to distinguish between similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the use of the terms so construed can interchange, where appropriate, so that, for example, the embodiments described herein are capable of being practiced in the reverse order, unless explicitly stated otherwise. The implementations described in the following example embodiments are not meant to represent all implementations consistent with the application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0055] As background, a hydrogen fuel cell is a device that uses hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity, and with the increasing global demand for renewable and clean energy, hydrogen fuel cells are increasingly used in the automotive field. However, the temperature of hydrogen entering the cell stack is uncontrollable, which can easily affect the service life of the cell. For example, when the temperature of hydrogen entering the cell stack is too low, the mixing of low-temperature hydrogen and high-temperature hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump can easily condense into water droplets, blocking the hydrogen flow channel of the cell stack and causing hydrogen starvation, which can accelerate the degradation of the cell. In the related art, the hydrogen is heated by the cooling liquid of the cell stack, but the heat exchange speed between the hydrogen and the cooling liquid is slow and cannot quickly respond to the heating demand. Therefore, how to make the temperature of hydrogen entering the stack meet the use demand is a problem to be solved.

[0056] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application precisely control the temperature of hydrogen entering the stack by adjusting the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve. Specifically, based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve required to make the current hydrogen temperature value reach the target hydrogen temperature value can be determined, and further by adjusting the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve, the current hydrogen temperature value entering the stack can reach the target temperature value, so as to realize the control of the hydrogen temperature entering the stack, and avoid the uncontrollable hydrogen temperature entering the stack causing the service life degradation of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0057] For ease of understanding, the hydrogen fuel cell system provided by the present application will be specifically introduced below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. As shown in Figure 1 , it is a structural diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0058] Referring to Figure 1 , the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 comprises a hydrogen storage device 10, a stack 20, a vortex tube 30, a mixing chamber 40, a hot flow valve 50, a cold flow valve 60 and a controller 70 (the controller 70 is not shown in the figure). Among them, Figure 1 , the hydrogen storage device 10 is used to store hydrogen, and the hydrogen storage device 10 is connected to the stack 20 through the vortex tube 30 and the mixing chamber 40.

[0059] Hydrogen storage device 10 is used to store and supply hydrogen. For example, hydrogen storage device 10 can be a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank that stores high-pressure hydrogen at 35 MPa or 70 MPa.

[0060] The fuel cell stack 20 is used to release electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. The stack 20 can be composed of multiple individual cells stacked in series. Each individual cell includes components such as a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and bipolar plates. During operation, hydrogen and oxygen are introduced from the input terminals and distributed to the bipolar plates of each individual cell via the main gas channel of the stack 20. The hydrogen and oxygen are evenly distributed to the electrodes under the guidance of the bipolar plates, and then undergo an electrochemical reaction through contact with the catalyst via the electrode support. The electrical and thermal energy generated by the electrochemical reaction is output through the stack 20.

[0061] The vortex tube 30 has its input end connected to the output end of the hydrogen storage device 10, its hot flow output end connected to the first output end of the mixing chamber 40, and its cold flow output end connected to the second input end of the mixing chamber 40. Compressed hydrogen gas rotates at high speed inside the vortex tube 30 and is separated into cold-end hydrogen gas and hot-end hydrogen gas after vortex transformation.

[0062] The mixing chamber 40 has a first input end connected to the hot flow output end of the vortex tube 30, a second input end connected to the cold flow output end of the vortex tube 30, and an output end connected to the input end of the fuel cell stack. The hot-end hydrogen gas output from the hot flow output end of the vortex tube 30 and the cold-end hydrogen gas output from the cold flow output end of the vortex tube 30 are mixed in the mixing chamber 40.

[0063] A heat flow valve 50 is located at the first input end of the mixing chamber 40 and is used to regulate the flow rate of the heat flow output from the vortex tube 30.

[0064] The cold flow valve 60 is located at the second input end of the mixing chamber 40 and is used to regulate the flow rate of the cold flow output by the vortex tube 30.

[0065] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the controller 70 is electrically connected to the vortex tube 30, the hot flow valve 50, and the cold flow valve 60. The controller 70 generates operating control signals based on the instruction operation code and timing signals, instructing the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 to execute control commands. For example, the controller 70 controls the opening degree of the hot flow valve 50 and the cold flow valve 60 according to the received commands.

[0066] For example, controller 70 may be a body domain control (BDC), a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device (PLD), or any combination thereof. Controller 70 may also be other devices with processing functions, such as circuits, devices, or software modules; this application embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0067] In some embodiments, the controller 70 can be a microcontroller unit (MCU). An MCU, also known as a single-chip microcomputer, is a chip-level computer that integrates a central processing unit (CPU) with appropriately reduced frequency and specifications, along with peripheral interfaces such as memory, timer, USB, A / D converter, UART, PLC, DMA, and even LCD driver circuitry, all onto a single chip. This allows for different combinations of control for various applications.

[0068] In addition, the controller 70 can be used to control the operation of each component in the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 so that each component of the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 operates to achieve each predetermined function of the hydrogen fuel cell system 1.

[0069] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 provided in this application may further include a hydrogen recovery branch 80, a heat flow temperature sensor 90, a cold flow temperature sensor 100, a stack temperature sensor 110, a heat flow meter 120, a cold flow meter 130, and a stack flow meter 140. Among these,

[0070] The input terminal of the hydrogen recovery branch 80 is connected to the output terminal of the fuel cell stack 20, and the output terminal of the hydrogen recovery branch 80 is connected to the input terminal of the mixing chamber 40. The hydrogen recovery branch 80 is used to recover unreacted hydrogen in the fuel cell stack 20 back into the fuel cell stack 20. By setting up the hydrogen recovery branch, unreacted hydrogen in the fuel cell stack can be recovered, and the unreacted hydrogen can be mixed with cold-end hydrogen and hot-end hydrogen in the mixing chamber before re-entering the fuel cell stack. This ensures that the hydrogen is fully utilized and avoids safety hazards caused by hydrogen.

[0071] A heat flow temperature sensor 90 is located at the first input end of the mixing chamber 40. The heat flow temperature sensor is used to detect the heat flow temperature value of the heat flow output by the vortex tube.

[0072] A cold flow temperature sensor 100 is located at the second input end of the mixing chamber 40. The cold flow temperature sensor is used to detect the cold flow temperature value of the cold flow output by the vortex tube.

[0073] The fuel cell stack temperature sensor 110 is installed on the hydrogen recovery branch 80 and is used to detect the temperature value of the recovered hydrogen output by the fuel cell stack 20.

[0074] A heat flow meter 120 is installed at the first input end of the mixing chamber 40. The heat flow meter 120 is used to detect the heat flow rate of the heat output from the vortex tube 30.

[0075] The cold flow meter 130 is located at the second input end of the mixing chamber 40. The cold flow meter 130 is used to detect the cold flow rate of the cold flow output by the vortex tube 30.

[0076] The fuel cell stack flow meter 140 is installed on the hydrogen recovery branch 80 and is used to detect the flow rate of recovered hydrogen output from the fuel cell stack 20.

[0077] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 provided in this application may further include a heat exchange device and a cold flow branch control valve 160 disposed between the cold flow output end of the vortex tube 30 and the second input end of the mixing chamber 40.

[0078] The heat exchange device includes an air conditioning heat exchanger 151 and a composite heat exchanger 152. The input end of the cold flow branch control valve 160 is connected to the cold flow output end of the vortex tube 30, used to control the connection between the cold flow output end of the vortex tube 30 and the input end of the air conditioning heat exchanger 151, or the connection between the cold flow output end of the vortex tube 30 and the first input end of the composite heat exchanger 152. The input end of the air conditioning heat exchanger 151 is connected to the first input end of the cold flow branch control valve 160, and the output end is connected to the second input end of the mixing chamber 40. The air conditioning heat exchanger 151 is used to exchange heat with the cold-end hydrogen in the cold flow branch, so that the heat in the cold-end hydrogen is transferred to the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioning heat exchanger 151 through heat exchange. The first input end of the composite heat exchanger 152 is connected to the second output end of the cold flow branch control valve 160, and the first output end is connected to the second input end of the mixing chamber 40. The composite heat exchanger 152 is used to exchange heat with the cold end hydrogen in the cold flow branch, so that the heat in the cold end hydrogen is transferred to the heat dissipation system through heat exchange.

[0079] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 provided in this application may further include a hydrogen temperature sensor 170, which is disposed at the input end of the fuel cell stack 20 and is used to detect the temperature value of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack 20.

[0080] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 6 A cooling pipe 21 is arranged in the stack 20, and a cooling liquid in the cooling pipe 21 exchanges heat with the hydrogen. An input end of the cooling pipe 21 is in communication with the second output end of the composite heat exchanger 152, and an output end of the cooling pipe 21 is in communication with the second input end of the composite heat exchanger 152.

[0081] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 7 The hydrogen fuel cell system 1 provided by the present application can further include a radiator 180, which exchanges heat with the composite heat exchanger 152 to achieve the purpose of rapid heat dissipation. An input end of the radiator 180 is in communication with the third output end of the composite heat exchanger 152, and an output end of the radiator 180 is in communication with the third output end of the composite heat exchanger 152.

[0082] Optionally, the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 provided by the present application can further include a pressure reducing valve arranged between the output end of the hydrogen storage device 10 and the input end of the vortex tube 30, for adjusting the high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device 10, so that the hydrogen pressure entering the vortex tube 30 can be adjusted.

[0083] In the embodiments of the present application, a vehicle is also provided, which includes a vehicle body, and the vehicle body is provided with the hydrogen fuel cell system described above.

[0084] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any equivalent replacement or transformation made by those skilled in the art based on the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0085] The control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system provided by the present application will be specifically introduced below in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0086] Figure 8 A flowchart of a control method of a hydrogen fuel cell system is shown by way of example. As shown in Figure 8 The control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system includes the following steps:

[0087] S10, the controller obtains a target hydrogen temperature value entering the stack and a current hydrogen temperature value entering the stack.

[0088] As a possible implementation manner, the hydrogen fuel cell system stores a correspondence relationship between each parameter (such as the battery temperature, the battery charging and discharging rate, etc.) and the target hydrogen temperature value, and the target hydrogen temperature value entering the stack corresponding to each parameter of the current hydrogen fuel cell system is determined according to the correspondence relationship.

[0089] As another possible implementation, the cloud server stores a correspondence between various parameters (such as battery temperature, battery charge / discharge rate, etc.) and target hydrogen temperature values, and determines the target hydrogen temperature value entering the stack corresponding to the various parameters of the current hydrogen fuel cell system according to the correspondence.

[0090] As a possible implementation, the current hydrogen temperature value of the stack can be detected by a hydrogen temperature sensor.

[0091] S20, the controller adjusts the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, so that the current hydrogen temperature value reaches the target hydrogen temperature value.

[0092] Optionally, in the case where the absolute value of the difference between the current hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value is less than a preset difference value, it is determined that the current hydrogen temperature value reaches the target hydrogen temperature value. For example, when the current hydrogen temperature value is 2 degrees Celsius lower than the target hydrogen temperature value, it is considered that the current hydrogen temperature value reaches the target hydrogen temperature value; or when the current hydrogen temperature value is 2 degrees Celsius higher than the target hydrogen temperature value, it is considered that the current hydrogen temperature value reaches the target hydrogen temperature value.

[0093] Figure 8 The embodiments shown at least bring the following beneficial effects: the embodiments of the present application precisely control the hydrogen temperature entering the stack by adjusting the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve. Specifically, based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve required to make the current hydrogen temperature value reach the target hydrogen temperature value can be determined, and further by adjusting the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve, the current hydrogen temperature value entering the stack reaches the target temperature value, so as to realize the control of the hydrogen temperature entering the stack, and avoid the hydrogen fuel cell life attenuation caused by the uncontrollable hydrogen temperature entering the stack.

[0094] As a possible implementation, the above step S20 can be implemented as steps S21-S22:

[0095] S21, the controller determines the target cold flow rate and the target hot flow rate based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value.

[0096] Optionally, the target cold flow rate is determined by the product of the difference between the hot flow temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot flow rate, the product of the difference between the recovered hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovered hydrogen flow rate, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold flow temperature value.

[0097] Exemplarily, the target cold flow rate can be obtained by the following formula:

[0098]

[0099] wherein m1 is the target cold stream flow rate, m2 is the hot stream flow rate, m3 is the recovered hydrogen flow rate, and t is the target hydrogen temperature value.

[0100] Optionally, the target hot stream flow rate is determined by the product of the difference between the cold stream temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold stream flow rate, the product of the difference between the recovered hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovered hydrogen flow rate, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot stream temperature value.

[0101] For example, the target hot stream flow rate can be obtained by the following formula:

[0102]

[0103] wherein m1 is the target cold stream flow rate, m2 is the hot stream flow rate, m3 is the recovered hydrogen flow rate, and t is the target hydrogen temperature value.

[0104] As can be seen from the above examples, the hydrogen temperature value entering the stack is related to the cold stream temperature value, the cold stream flow rate, the hot stream temperature value, the hot stream flow rate, the recovered hydrogen temperature value, and the recovered hydrogen flow rate. In this regard, the target cold stream flow rate is determined according to the product of the difference between the hot stream temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot stream flow rate, the product of the difference between the recovered hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovered hydrogen flow rate, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold stream temperature value, and the target hot stream flow rate is determined according to the product of the difference between the cold stream temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold stream flow rate, the product of the difference between the recovered hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovered hydrogen flow rate, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot stream temperature value, so that the opening degree of the cold stream valve and the opening degree of the hot stream valve that can make the hydrogen temperature entering the stack reach the target hydrogen temperature can be accurately determined.

[0105] S22, the controller adjusts the opening degree of the cold stream valve based on the target cold stream flow rate, and adjusts the opening degree of the hot stream valve based on the target hot stream flow rate.

[0106] As a possible implementation manner, the correspondence between the opening degree and the flow rate of the cold stream valve / hot stream valve is determined according to the flow rate characteristic curve of the cold stream valve / hot stream valve, the opening degree of the cold stream valve corresponding to the target cold stream flow rate is determined according to the correspondence, and the opening degree of the hot stream valve corresponding to the target hot stream flow rate is determined according to the correspondence.

[0107] As another possible implementation, through experimental and simulation means, the cold flow rate and the hot flow rate of the vortex tube under different openings and different pressures are obtained, so as to establish the correspondence between the cold flow rate and the cold flow valve opening and the correspondence between the hot flow rate and the hot flow valve opening. According to the correspondence, the opening of the cold flow valve corresponding to the target cold flow rate is determined, and according to the correspondence, the opening of the hot flow valve corresponding to the target hot flow rate is determined.

[0108] Since the cold flow rate is determined by the opening of the cold flow valve and the hot flow rate is determined by the opening of the hot flow valve, adjusting the opening of the cold flow valve based on the target cold flow rate and adjusting the opening of the hot flow valve based on the target hot flow rate can adjust the cold flow rate and the hot flow rate, and further adjust the hydrogen temperature entering the stack.

[0109] In some embodiments, the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system provided by the present application can further include the following steps: the controller obtains the ambient temperature where the stack is located; in the case that the ambient temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold, the controller controls the cold flow branch control valve to conduct the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the input end of the air conditioner heat exchanger; in the case that the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, the controller controls the cold flow branch control valve to conduct the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the first input end of the composite heat exchanger.

[0110] The preset temperature threshold can be a temperature threshold for starting the air conditioning system, which can be set at the factory or by the user during use.

[0111] As can be seen from the above embodiments, in the case that the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold, the air conditioning system usually needs to be started, and for this purpose, the present application controls the cold flow branch control valve to conduct the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the input end of the air conditioner heat exchanger, so that the cold end hydrogen output by the cold flow output end of the vortex tube exchanges heat with the refrigerant circuit in the air conditioner heat exchanger. Since the temperature of the cold end hydrogen is relatively low (usually about minus 30 degrees Celsius), after heat exchange with the refrigerant circuit, it can provide cold energy for the air conditioning system. In the case that the ambient temperature is less than the preset temperature threshold, the air conditioning system usually does not need to be started, and for this purpose, the present application controls the cold flow branch control valve to conduct the cold flow output end of the vortex tube and the first input end of the composite heat exchanger, so that the cold end hydrogen output by the cold flow output end of the vortex tube exchanges heat with the radiator, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the radiator.

[0112] The present application also provides a vehicle comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement any one of the control methods of the hydrogen fuel cell provided by the above embodiments.

[0113] As Figure 9As shown, the vehicle includes a processor 901, and optionally, a memory 902 and a communication interface 903 connected to the processor 901. The processor 901, the memory 902 and the communication interface 903 are connected through a bus 904.

[0114] The processor 901 can be a central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor network processor (NP), a digital signal processing (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device (PLD) or any combination thereof. The processor 901 can also be any other device with processing capabilities, such as a circuit, a device or a software module. The processor 901 can also include multiple CPUs, and the processor 901 can be a single-CPU processor or a multi-CPU processor. The processor herein can refer to one or more devices, circuits or processing cores for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0115] The memory 902 can be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, a magneto-optical disk storage, a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, without any limitation on the present embodiments. The memory 902 can exist independently or be integrated with the processor 901. The memory 902 can contain computer program code. The processor 901 is configured to execute the computer program code stored in the memory 902, thereby implementing the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0116] The communication interface 903 can be used to communicate with other devices or communication networks (e.g., Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc.). The communication interface 903 can be a module, a circuit, a transceiver, or any device capable of enabling communication.

[0117] The bus 904 can be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus 904 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 9 Only one thick line is used in the figure to represent the bus, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0118] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, comprising computer execution instructions, when the computer execution instructions are run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute any one of the control methods of the hydrogen fuel cell provided by the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0119] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product comprising computer execution instructions, when the computer execution instructions are run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute any one of the control methods of the hydrogen fuel cell provided by the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0120] In the above embodiments, all or part can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, all or part can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer-executable instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer-executable instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center through wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or data storage device including one or more servers, data centers, etc. integrated with the medium. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (such as a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid state disk (SSD)), etc.

[0121] Although the present application is described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and combinations of features will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the foregoing description. Accordingly, the description and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive. It is evident that various modifications and changes can be made in the application without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. Accordingly, it is intended that all such alternatives, modifications and variations be included within the scope of the present application as defined by the following claims and their equivalents. Obviously, person skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0122] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any change or replacement within the technical scope disclosed by the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell system characterized by comprising: The system comprises: a hydrogen storage device for providing hydrogen; a stack for releasing electrical energy through electrochemical reaction; a MHD generator, an input end of the MHD generator being in communication with an output end of the hydrogen storage device, a hot flow output end of the MHD generator being in communication with a first input end of a mixing chamber, a cold flow output end of the MHD generator being in communication with a second input end of the mixing chamber; the mixing chamber, an output end of the mixing chamber being in communication with an input end of the stack; a hot flow valve, the hot flow valve being arranged at the first input end of the mixing chamber, the hot flow valve being used for adjusting a flow of the hot flow output by the MHD generator; a cold flow valve, the cold flow valve being arranged at the second input end of the mixing chamber, the cold flow valve being used for adjusting a flow of the cold flow output by the MHD generator; a heat exchange device, an output end of the heat exchange device being in communication with the second input end of the mixing chamber; a cold flow branch control valve, an input end of the cold flow branch control valve being in communication with the cold flow output end of the MHD generator, an output end of the cold flow branch control valve being in communication with an input end of the heat exchange device; a controller being configured to: obtain a target hydrogen temperature value entering the stack and a current hydrogen temperature value entering the stack; based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, adjust an opening degree of the cold flow valve and an opening degree of the hot flow valve, so that the current hydrogen temperature value reaches the target hydrogen temperature value; the controller is further configured to: obtain an ambient temperature in which the stack is located; based on the ambient temperature, control the cold flow branch control valve to turn on the cold flow output end of the MHD generator and the input end of the heat exchange device.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein, The controller performs the adjusting of the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, and is specifically configured to: based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, determine a target cold flow flow rate and a target hot flow flow rate; based on the target cold flow flow rate, adjust the opening degree of the cold flow valve, and based on the target hot flow flow rate, adjust the opening degree of the hot flow valve.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell system of claim 2, wherein, Further comprising a hydrogen recovery branch, an input end of the hydrogen recovery branch being in communication with an output end of the stack, an output end of the hydrogen recovery branch being in communication with an input end of the mixing chamber; a hot flow temperature sensor, the hot flow temperature sensor being arranged at the first input end of the mixing chamber, the hot flow temperature sensor being used for detecting a hot flow temperature value of the hot flow output by the MHD generator; a cold flow temperature sensor, the cold flow temperature sensor being arranged at the second input end of the mixing chamber, the cold flow temperature sensor being used for detecting a cold flow temperature value of the cold flow output by the MHD generator; a stack temperature sensor, the stack temperature sensor being arranged on the hydrogen recovery branch, the stack temperature sensor being used for detecting a recovery hydrogen temperature value output by the stack; a hot flow flow meter, the hot flow flow meter being arranged at the first input end of the mixing chamber, the hot flow flow meter being used for detecting a hot flow flow rate of the hot flow output by the MHD generator; a cold flow flow meter, the cold flow flow meter being arranged at the second input end of the mixing chamber, the cold flow flow meter being used for detecting a cold flow flow rate of the cold flow output by the MHD generator; a stack flow meter, the stack flow meter being arranged on the hydrogen recovery branch, the stack flow meter being used for detecting a recovery hydrogen flow rate output by the stack; The target cold flow rate is determined by the product of the difference between the hot flow temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot flow rate, the product of the difference between the recovered hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovered hydrogen flow rate, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold flow temperature value; The target hot flow rate is determined by the product of the difference between the cold flow temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the cold flow rate, the product of the difference between the recovered hydrogen temperature value and the target hydrogen temperature value and the recovered hydrogen flow rate, and the difference between the target hydrogen temperature value and the hot flow temperature value.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein, The heat exchange device comprises an air conditioner heat exchanger and a composite heat exchanger; an output end of the air conditioner heat exchanger is in communication with a second input end of the mixing chamber; a first output end of the composite heat exchanger is in communication with the second input end of the mixing chamber; A first output end of the cold flow branch control valve is in communication with an input end of the air conditioner heat exchanger, and a second output end of the cold flow branch control valve is in communication with a first input end of the composite heat exchanger; the cold flow branch control valve is used to control the cold flow output end of the vortex tube to be in conduction with the input end of the air conditioner heat exchanger or the first input end of the composite heat exchanger; The controller is specifically configured to: In the case that the ambient temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold, the cold flow branch control valve is controlled to make the cold flow output end of the vortex tube in conduction with the input end of the air conditioner heat exchanger; In the case that the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, the cold flow branch control valve is controlled to make the cold flow output end of the vortex tube in conduction with the first input end of the composite heat exchanger.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell system of claim 4, wherein, A hydrogen temperature sensor is further included and arranged at an input end of the stack to detect a hydrogen temperature value entering the stack; The controller is specifically configured to: The current hydrogen temperature value is obtained by the hydrogen temperature sensor.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell system of claim 4, wherein, The stack comprises a cooling pipeline arranged in the stack to exchange heat with hydrogen in the stack; an output end of the cooling pipeline is in communication with a second input end of the composite heat exchanger, and an input end of the cooling pipeline is in communication with a second output end of the composite heat exchanger.

7. The hydrogen fuel cell system of claim 4, wherein, A radiator is further included, an input end of the radiator is in communication with a third output end of the composite heat exchanger, and an output end of the radiator is in communication with a third input end of the composite heat exchanger; the radiator is used to exchange heat with the composite heat exchanger.

8. A control method of a hydrogen fuel cell system, characterized by, The method is applied to the hydrogen fuel cell system of any one of claims 1-7, and the method comprises: A target hydrogen temperature value entering the stack and a current hydrogen temperature value entering the stack are obtained; Based on the target hydrogen temperature value and the current hydrogen temperature value, the opening degree of the cold flow valve and the opening degree of the hot flow valve are adjusted to make the current hydrogen temperature value reach the target hydrogen temperature value.

9. A vehicle, characterized by The hydrogen fuel cell system comprises a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor; the processor executes the program to implement the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the control method of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 8.

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