Battery electricity-force coupling regulation and control device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery electricity-force coupling regulation and control device and method, and relates to the technical field of battery safety management. In order to solve the technical defects that in the prior art, an existing battery thermal runaway suppression technology has defects in the face of complex and changeable thermal runaway scenes, and fine regulation and control over the internal thermal state of a battery cannot be achieved, the invention provides a regulation and control device which comprises an end plate structure and a battery clamp arranged on the end plate structure. The pressurizing module is used for applying mechanical pressure to the to-be-tested battery; the discharging module is used for performing discharging operation on the to-be-tested battery; and the sensor integration module is used for collecting parameters of the to-be-detected battery. The invention also provides a regulation and control method which comprises the following steps: acquiring voltage, temperature and pressure of a to-be-tested battery as battery parameters; the battery parameters are preprocessed; after the temperature exceeds a preset threshold value, a pressurization signal is sent; and after the pressurization signal is sent, when the temperature still exceeds the preset threshold value, a discharge signal is sent. The method is suitable for battery thermal runaway suppression work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of battery safety management, and in particular to a battery electric-mechanical coupling control device and method. Background Art

[0002] Energy storage battery technology, especially lithium-ion batteries, plays an increasingly important role in new energy storage systems. Lithium-ion batteries have become the first choice in electric vehicles, renewable energy storage systems and other fields due to their high energy density and long cycle life. However, with the increase in battery usage scenarios and loads, battery safety issues have become increasingly prominent, especially under abuse conditions such as overcharging, over-discharging, high temperature and mechanical shock. Batteries are prone to thermal runaway, leading to fires and even explosions, which seriously threaten personal and property safety. Therefore, how to effectively suppress the thermal runaway phenomenon of batteries has become a focus of common concern in academia and industry.

[0003] In the prior art, a variety of means have been used to improve the safety of lithium-ion batteries. For example, the Battery Management System (BMS) is widely used to monitor the working status of the battery, and prevent the battery from thermal runaway under abnormal conditions by measuring parameters such as temperature and voltage. In addition, improvements at the material level are also constantly advancing, such as developing high-safety diaphragm materials to suppress internal short circuits, improving the thermal stability of positive and negative electrode materials, or controlling the temperature of the battery by applying phase change materials to avoid overheating. These measures have played a certain role in improving the thermal stability of the battery.

[0004] Taking diaphragm materials as an example, some diaphragm materials currently use ceramic coating technology to improve the thermal stability and safety of the battery. This type of diaphragm can effectively suppress internal short circuits when the battery temperature rises, but its mechanical strength and durability will decrease in long-term use, affecting the overall safety and life. Another common method is to apply phase change materials to reduce the battery temperature through its heat absorption ability. Phase change materials change their physical state when the battery temperature exceeds a certain threshold, thereby absorbing heat to reduce the temperature. However, the thermal regulation ability of phase change materials is limited in the face of continuous high heat flow, and their application will increase the overall weight and complexity of the battery.

[0005] In addition, in recent years, some studies have attempted to regulate thermal side reactions inside batteries through mechanical pressure. Experiments have shown that moderate mechanical pressure can reduce the intensity of movement of charged particles inside the battery, thereby reducing the incidence of side reactions. However, existing devices can only apply pressure individually, lack dynamic adjustment methods, and cannot achieve effective heat uniformity when local hot spots appear.

[0006] In summary, existing battery thermal runaway suppression technologies are mainly focused on material improvements and optimization of thermal management systems, but these methods are often insufficient when faced with complex and changeable thermal runaway scenarios, and are unable to achieve fine control of the internal thermal state of the battery. At the same time, the mechanism of the influence of the electro-mechanical coupling effect on the internal reaction of the battery has not been effectively explored, and there is a lack of corresponding research platforms and equipment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an innovative solution that can combine voltage, temperature and pressure real-time control to prevent local overheating of the battery and homogenize the temperature distribution, so as to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and further improve the safety and reliability of batteries. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the existing problems in the prior art, the existing battery thermal runaway suppression technology mainly focuses on the improvement of materials and the optimization of thermal management systems. However, these methods are often insufficient in the face of complex and changeable thermal runaway scenarios and cannot achieve the technical defects of fine regulation of the internal thermal state of the battery. The technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0008] A battery electric-mechanical coupling control device, comprising:

[0009] End plate structure, and a

[0010] Battery fixture, used to fix the battery to be tested;

[0011] A pressurizing module, used to apply mechanical pressure to the battery under test;

[0012] A discharge module, used for discharging the battery under test;

[0013] The sensor integrated module is used to collect the parameters of the battery to be tested.

[0014] Furthermore, the end plate structure comprises an end plate 1, an end plate 2, an end plate 3 and an end plate 4 which are stacked in sequence, and a gap is provided between the end plates;

[0015] A retractable connection component is provided between the end plate 1 and the end plate 2.

[0016] Furthermore, the battery clamp is arranged between the first end plate and the second end plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the pressurizing module is arranged on the end plate 1 to apply mechanical pressure to compress the gap between the end plate 1 and the end plate 2.

[0018] Furthermore, the discharge module is connected to a controllable resistor and is arranged on the second end plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the sensor integration module includes a voltage sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.

[0020] A battery electric-mechanical coupling control system is also provided, comprising the battery electric-mechanical coupling control device and a data processing unit for collecting parameters of the battery to be tested.

[0021] A battery electric-mechanical coupling control method is implemented based on the device, comprising:

[0022] A step of collecting the voltage, temperature and pressure of the battery to be tested as battery parameters;

[0023] A step of preprocessing the battery parameters;

[0024] After the temperature exceeds a preset threshold, a step of sending a pressurization signal;

[0025] After the pressurization signal is sent, when the temperature still exceeds the preset threshold, a discharge signal is sent.

[0026] A computer storage medium is also provided for storing a computer program, and when the computer program is read by a computer, the computer executes the method.

[0027] A computer is also provided, comprising a processor and a storage medium, wherein when the processor reads a computer program stored in the storage medium, the computer executes the method.

[0028] Benefits:

[0029] This solution has achieved significant improvements in the prevention of battery thermal runaway. The comprehensive monitoring of the sensor integrated module greatly improves the accuracy of battery status identification, making thermal management more refined. The dynamic response capability of the pressurization module avoids the problems of reduced mechanical strength and insufficient thermal regulation capabilities in traditional methods. The regulation method of the discharge module does not rely on changes in physical state, providing a continuous and effective thermal management effect. The adaptive algorithm of the control unit further optimizes the regulation strategy and significantly improves the real-time response capability of the system, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of thermal runaway. These innovative measures enable this solution to provide more reliable battery safety protection in complex and changing usage environments.

[0030] Effect of sensor integration module: The sensor integration module can collect battery voltage, temperature and pressure data in real time, significantly improving the accuracy of battery status recognition. Compared with the traditional method that only relies on temperature monitoring, comprehensive sensor integration makes battery thermal management more comprehensive and sophisticated, ensuring the reliability of regulation decisions.

[0031] Effect of the pressurized module: The pressurized module reduces the incidence of thermal side reactions inside the battery by applying mechanical pressure, and its dynamic response capability enables it to flexibly respond to different temperature changes. Compared with traditional diaphragms or phase change materials, the pressurized module is not limited by mechanical strength reduction or material properties when implementing thermal management, providing a faster and more effective means of thermal regulation.

[0032] Effect of the discharge module: The discharge module assists in achieving uniform distribution of battery temperature through micro-discharge operations. Unlike traditional phase change materials, the regulation method of the discharge module does not rely on changes in the physical state of the material, so it can provide continuous and effective thermal management effects without increasing the weight and complexity of the battery, improving the overall performance and safety of the battery.

[0033] Effect of adaptive algorithm: The adaptive algorithm used by the control unit continuously optimizes the pressure and discharge strategies based on real-time data feedback. Compared with the traditional fixed control strategy, the adaptive algorithm can dynamically adjust the control parameters according to the changes in the battery status, significantly improving the real-time response capability and control effect of the system, ensuring that the battery remains safe in a complex and changing environment, and further improving the safety and reliability of the overall system.

[0034] Suitable for use in battery thermal runaway suppression. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery electric-mechanical coupling control device.

[0036] Figure 2 The figure is a flow chart of a battery electric-mechanical coupling control method.

[0037] Among them, 1 is a pneumatic pressurizing device, 2 is a connecting component, 3 is a controllable resistor, 4 is a voltage sensor, 5 is a temperature sensor, 6 is a pressure sensor, 7 is a groove, 8 is an end plate one, 9 is an end plate two, 10 is an end plate three, and 11 is an end plate four. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the advantages and benefits of the technical solution provided by the present invention more clearly reflected, the technical solution provided by the present invention is now further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, specifically:

[0039] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a battery electric-mechanical coupling control device, including:

[0040] End plate structure, and a

[0041] Battery fixture, used to fix the battery to be tested;

[0042] A pressurizing module, used to apply mechanical pressure to the battery under test;

[0043] A discharge module, used for discharging the battery under test;

[0044] The sensor integrated module is used to collect the parameters of the battery to be tested.

[0045] The end plate structure comprises an end plate 1 8, an end plate 2 9, an end plate 3 10 and an end plate 4 11 which are stacked in sequence, and gaps are provided between the end plates;

[0046] The end plate 1 8 and the end plate 2 9 are connected via a retractable connection assembly 2 .

[0047] The battery clamp is arranged between the end plate 1 8 and the end plate 2 9 .

[0048] The pressurizing module is disposed on the end plate 1 8 , and applies mechanical pressure to compress the gap between the end plate 1 8 and the end plate 2 9 .

[0049] The discharge module is connected to a controllable resistor 3 and is arranged on the second end plate 9 .

[0050] The sensor integrated module includes a voltage sensor 4 , a temperature sensor 5 and a pressure sensor 6 .

[0051] Embodiment 2: This embodiment further explains embodiment 1:

[0052] Step 1: Battery Fixing and Initialization

[0053] First, fix the battery in the battery fixture. Adjust the height of the battery by connecting component 2 so that it is close to the end plate of the fixture, ensuring that the battery can effectively contact the pressurization module and the sensor module in subsequent operations. The output of this step is the fixed state of the battery, which lays the foundation for the normal operation of the sensor integrated module.

[0054] Turn on the power supply circuit, initialize the sensor integrated module, pressurization module and discharge module. Set the safety threshold (voltage, temperature and pressure), and set the initial air compressor speed and variable resistor value. The output of this step is the initial state parameter of the system.

[0055] Step 2: Data collection and preprocessing

[0056] The voltage, pressure and temperature data of the battery are collected in real time from the sensor integrated module. These data are pre-processed by filtering, denoising and standardization to ensure the accuracy and validity of the data. The pre-processed data will be used as input for subsequent status monitoring and regulation.

[0057] Step 3: Real-time monitoring and status assessment

[0058] Using the data collected by the sensor, it is evaluated in real time whether the local temperature of the battery is close to or exceeds the safety threshold. The monitoring indicators include the peak temperature and the standard deviation of the temperature distribution to determine whether the battery is at risk of thermal runaway. The output of this step is the evaluation result of the current state of the battery, which provides a basis for the control strategy.

[0059] Step 4: Early warning mechanism and regulatory strategy

[0060] If any temperature reaches the set safety threshold, the system triggers the early warning mechanism and starts the control strategy. Based on the real-time temperature data feedback, the control unit uses an adaptive algorithm to adjust the air compressor speed and apply appropriate mechanical pressure to reduce the intensity of the thermal side reactions inside the battery and even out the battery temperature distribution. If the pressure still cannot restore the temperature to a safe range, the discharge module is started to perform a small discharge operation, and the adjustable rheostat is used to assist in temperature homogenization until all temperatures return to within the safety threshold.

[0061] Step 5: Feedback and Adaptive Adjustment

[0062] After the regulation is completed, the system collects the temperature data after regulation and evaluates the regulation effect. If the regulation effect does not meet expectations, the control unit will adaptively adjust the pressure and discharge parameters according to the feedback data to optimize the regulation strategy. By continuously updating the battery status parameters, the system improves real-time response capabilities and safety.

[0063] Details

[0064] In this embodiment, an electric-mechanical coupling control device is provided, including a battery clamp, a pressurizing module, a discharge module, a sensor integrated module and a control unit. The battery clamp is used to adapt to batteries of different sizes to ensure the fixity and stability of the battery in the device. The pressurizing module applies adjustable pressure through a pneumatic pressurizing device 1 to reduce the movement intensity of charged particles in the thermal side reactions inside the battery and adjust their movement direction. The discharge module realizes a small discharge operation of the battery through an external adjustable rheostat, aiming to adjust the charge state inside the battery, thereby assisting in achieving a uniform distribution of thermal pressure.

[0065] The sensor integration module includes voltage, pressure and temperature sensors 5, and has the ability to collect battery status data in real time. The control unit identifies the battery status based on the data obtained in real time by the sensor module, and dynamically controls the operation of the pressurization and discharge modules to achieve effective regulation of the battery's electrical-mechanical coupling state. The control unit adopts an adaptive algorithm to continuously update parameters, optimize the pressurization and discharge strategies, and improve the system's responsiveness and regulation effect.

[0066] Results Summary

[0067] Through the above technical solutions, this solution has achieved significant improvements in the prevention of battery thermal runaway. The comprehensive monitoring of the sensor integrated module greatly improves the accuracy of battery status identification, making thermal management more refined. The dynamic response capability of the pressurization module avoids the problems of reduced mechanical strength and insufficient thermal regulation capabilities in traditional methods. The regulation method of the discharge module does not depend on changes in the physical state, providing a continuous and effective thermal management effect. The adaptive algorithm of the control unit further optimizes the regulation strategy and significantly improves the real-time response capability of the system, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of thermal runaway. These innovative measures enable this solution to provide more reliable battery safety protection in complex and changeable usage environments.

[0068] Effect of sensor integration module: The sensor integration module can collect battery voltage, temperature and pressure data in real time, significantly improving the accuracy of battery status recognition. Compared with the traditional method that only relies on temperature monitoring, comprehensive sensor integration makes battery thermal management more comprehensive and sophisticated, ensuring the reliability of regulation decisions.

[0069] Effect of the pressurized module: The pressurized module reduces the incidence of thermal side reactions inside the battery by applying mechanical pressure, and its dynamic response capability enables it to flexibly respond to different temperature changes. Compared with traditional diaphragms or phase change materials, the pressurized module is not limited by mechanical strength reduction or material properties when implementing thermal management, providing a faster and more effective means of thermal regulation.

[0070] Effect of the discharge module: The discharge module assists in achieving uniform distribution of battery temperature through micro-discharge operations. Unlike traditional phase change materials, the regulation method of the discharge module does not rely on changes in the physical state of the material, so it can provide continuous and effective thermal management effects without increasing the weight and complexity of the battery, improving the overall performance and safety of the battery.

[0071] Effect of adaptive algorithm: The adaptive algorithm used by the control unit continuously optimizes the pressure and discharge strategies based on real-time data feedback. Compared with the traditional fixed control strategy, the adaptive algorithm can dynamically adjust the control parameters according to the changes in the battery status, significantly improving the real-time response capability and control effect of the system, ensuring that the battery remains safe in a complex and changing environment, and further improving the safety and reliability of the overall system.

[0072] Implementation Method 3: Combination Figure 1 and 2 This embodiment is described:

[0073] This embodiment provides a specific implementation of a battery electric-mechanical coupling control device, including a battery fixture, a pressurizing module, a discharge module, a sensor integrated module and a control unit. The battery fixture is used to adapt to batteries of different sizes. By adjusting the configuration of the connection component 2, compatibility and adaptability for batteries of different sizes can be achieved. The pressurizing module applies adjustable pressure to the surface of the battery by pneumatic pressurization to reduce the movement intensity of charged particles in the thermal side reactions inside the battery and adjust their movement direction. The discharge module is externally connected to an adjustable rheostat, which is used to perform tiny charge and discharge operations on the battery, aiming to adjust the charge state inside the battery, thereby assisting in achieving a uniform distribution of thermal pressure. The sensor integrated module includes a variety of sensors such as voltage, pressure, and temperature, and has the ability to collect voltage, surface pressure, and temperature data of the battery in real time, and transmit these data to the control unit in real time for processing. The control unit identifies the battery state based on the data obtained in real time by the sensor module, thereby dynamically controlling the operation of the pressurizing module and the tiny discharge module to achieve effective regulation of the battery electric-mechanical coupling state.

[0074] A battery electric-mechanical coupling control device, comprising:

[0075] A battery clamp, used for clamping the battery;

[0076] A pressurizing module, used to apply pressure to the battery when the battery is locally overheated;

[0077] A discharge module, used for discharging when the battery is partially overheated and the pressure has reached the upper limit;

[0078] Sensor integration module, used to collect temperature and pressure distribution data on the battery surface in real time;

[0079] The control unit is used to receive temperature data, identify the battery status based on the data, and send control signals to the pressurization and discharge modules.

[0080] According to the above device, further comprising:

[0081] The battery clamp includes four clamping plates and four groups of connecting components 2, a pressurizing module is installed on the upper side of the end plate 1 8; a controllable resistor 3 is installed between the end plate 1 8 and the end plate 2 9; the battery placement area is between the end plate 2 9 and the end plate 3 10; a groove 7 is designed on the upper side of the end plate 3 10 close to the surface of the battery; the depth of the groove 7 is the same as the thickness of the temperature sensor 5; a pressure sensor 6 is installed between the end plate 3 10 and the end plate 4 11.

[0082] The specific steps are as follows:

[0083] Step 101: Fix the battery on the battery fixture. Adjust the height of the battery by connecting the assembly 2 so that the battery is close to the second end plate 9 and the third end plate 10.

[0084] Step 102: Turn on the power supply circuit and charge the battery through the power supply circuit.

[0085] Step 103: Set safety thresholds (voltage, pressure, temperature) in the control unit: initialize the sensor integration module, pressurization module, and micro-charge and discharge module; set the initial air compressor speed and variable resistor value.

[0086] Step 104: Data collection and preprocessing: collect the voltage, pressure and temperature data of the battery from the sensor integrated module in real time; perform preprocessing such as filtering, denoising and standardization on the collected data.

[0087] Step 105: Real-time monitoring and status assessment: Determine the battery temperature distribution range [T min , T max ], assess whether the local temperature state of the battery is close to or exceeds the safety threshold. The judgment indicators include the temperature peak T max and the standard deviation σ of the temperature distribution.

[0088]

[0089] Where: T i is the real-time temperature value collected by each temperature sensor 5 in the device; T average It is the average value of the real-time temperature values ​​collected by all temperature sensors 5.

[0090] Step 106: Early warning mechanism: If any temperature indicator reaches a safety threshold, T max >T sp_max Or σ>σ sp_max , triggering early warning and control strategies.

[0091] Step 107: Control strategy: trigger the PID control algorithm based on the real-time temperature status feedback; adjust the air compressor speed to change the battery pressure and even the battery temperature distribution.

[0092]

[0093] Where: M pre (t) is the output of the controller (i.e. the adjusted air compressor speed); e(t) is the difference between the temperature setting value and the actual value; K p , K i and K d are the proportional, integral and differential gain coefficients respectively.

[0094] The temperature distribution is judged again. If it still exceeds the safety threshold, the discharge module is started and a variable resistor is used to discharge the battery to assist in uniformizing the battery temperature distribution until the temperature is within the safety threshold.

[0095]

[0096] Where: M vol (t) is the output of the controller (i.e. the adjusted resistance of the controllable resistor 3); e(t) is the difference between the temperature setting value and the actual value; K p , K i and K d are the proportional, integral and differential gain coefficients respectively.

[0097] Step 108: Feedback and adaptive adjustment: collect temperature data after regulation and evaluate the regulation effect; if the regulation effect does not meet expectations, use the gain adjustment strategy to adaptively adjust the control parameters:

[0098]

[0099] Adjust the control gain according to the actual error to improve responsiveness.

[0100] Through the above embodiments, the battery electric-mechanical coupling control device of the present invention can effectively improve the safety of the battery and prevent the occurrence of thermal runaway. The device and method of the present invention can not only monitor the voltage, temperature and pressure of the battery in real time, but also can uniformize the temperature distribution by flexibly adjusting the battery voltage and pressure, thereby improving the thermal safety of the battery.

Claims

1. A battery electric-mechanical coupling control device, characterized in that: include: End plate structure, and a Battery fixture, used to fix the battery to be tested; A pressurizing module, used to apply mechanical pressure to the battery under test; A discharge module, used for discharging the battery under test; The sensor integrated module is used to collect the parameters of the battery to be tested.

2. A battery electric-mechanical coupling control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end plate structure comprises an end plate 1, an end plate 2, an end plate 3 and an end plate 4 which are stacked in sequence, and a gap is provided between the end plates; A retractable connection component is provided between the end plate 1 and the end plate 2.

3. A battery electric-mechanical coupling control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery clamp is arranged between the first end plate and the second end plate.

4. A battery electric-mechanical coupling control device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressurizing module is arranged on the first end plate, and applies mechanical pressure to compress the gap between the first end plate and the second end plate.

5. A battery electric-mechanical coupling control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The discharge module is connected with a controllable resistor and is arranged on the second end plate.

6. A battery electric-mechanical coupling control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sensor integrated module includes a voltage sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.

7. A battery electric-mechanical coupling control system, characterized in that: It comprises a battery electric-mechanical coupling control device as claimed in claim 1, and a data processing unit for collecting parameters of the battery to be tested.

8. A battery electric-mechanical coupling control method, characterized in that: The device according to claim 1 is implemented, comprising: A step of collecting the voltage, temperature and pressure of the battery to be tested as battery parameters; A step of preprocessing the battery parameters; After the temperature exceeds a preset threshold, a step of sending a pressurization signal; After the pressurization signal is sent, when the temperature still exceeds the preset threshold, a discharge signal is sent.

9. A computer storage medium for storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is read by a computer, the computer executes the method of claim 8.

10. A computer, comprising a processor and a storage medium, characterized in that: When the processor reads the computer program stored in the storage medium, the computer executes the method of claim 8 .

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