Desert and saline-alkali land treatment system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a desert and saline-alkali land treatment system and method. The system comprises a coal gangue powder preparation and air compression system arranged in a coal mine coal gangue storage yard, a coal gangue solid-liquid mixture preparation and application system arranged in desert and saline-alkali soil areas to be treated, and a powder conveying pipeline system for connecting the coal gangue powder preparation and air compression system and the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture preparation and application system. Coal gangue is made into powder through a crusher, a screw feeder, a compressed air station and the like, and the powder is conveyed remotely. A solid-liquid mixture is prepared through powder collection, agent addition, solid-liquid mixing and the like in a treatment area, and then the solid-liquid mixture is applied and scattered through a ditching applying and scattering vehicle, an under-pressure winding and unwinding system and a dragging hose. The method comprises the steps of nearby powder preparation, remote powder conveying, solid-liquid mixture preparation, scattering and the like. The coal gangue resource utilization is realized, the soil is improved, and the desert and saline-alkali soil are efficiently controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to desert and saline-alkali land treatment, and in particular to a system and method for desert and saline-alkali land treatment. Background Art

[0002] Desertification and salinization are serious environmental challenges facing the world today, which seriously affect ecological balance, land resource utilization, agricultural production and human life. Due to the sparse vegetation, poor soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and frequent wind and sand activities in desert areas, the land is gradually degraded and its usable value is extremely low; while salinization has too high salt content in the soil, which inhibits the normal growth of plants, making large areas of land barren and crop yields sharply reduced, posing a major threat to food security.

[0003] Traditional desert and saline-alkali land management methods have many limitations. For example, in desert management, simple afforestation is often restricted by factors such as water shortage and insufficient soil fertility, with low survival rates and difficulty in forming stable vegetation communities. Physical sand control measures such as setting up sand barriers can slow down the flow of wind and sand to a certain extent, but the long-term effect on improving soil quality and ecological environment is not ideal. In the management of saline-alkali land, commonly used water conservancy improvement methods (such as irrigation and drainage) consume a large amount of freshwater resources, and over time, soil salt return is more common. Chemical improvement methods may introduce new chemical substances, which may have a potential negative impact on the soil ecological environment, and the cost is high, making it difficult to promote and apply on a large scale.

[0004] As solid waste generated during coal mining and washing, the large amount of coal gangue not only occupies land resources, but also causes problems such as dust pollution, soil pollution and groundwater pollution to the surrounding environment. However, coal gangue itself has some characteristics that make it have the potential to be used in desert and saline-alkali land governance. Coal gangue contains a certain amount of mineral elements such as silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, magnesium, etc. These elements can provide nutrients to the soil and improve the fertility of the soil after proper treatment; its particle structure is relatively stable, which can increase the porosity of the soil, improve the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, and help the penetration and retention of water, thereby improving the poor soil physical properties of deserts and saline-alkali lands to a certain extent; in addition, the alkaline characteristics of coal gangue can neutralize and regulate the acidic soil of saline-alkali land, creating relatively suitable soil pH conditions for plant growth.

[0005] Therefore, those skilled in the art are committed to developing a system and method for utilizing coal gangue to control desertification and coal gangue. Summary of the invention

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention first provides a system for desert and saline-alkali land treatment, including a gangue powder preparation and compressed air system arranged in a first workshop, a gangue solid-liquid mixture preparation and spreading system arranged in a second workshop, and a powder conveying pipeline system connecting the first workshop and the second workshop; wherein the first workshop is arranged at the gangue dump of the coal mine; the second workshop is arranged in the desert and saline-alkali land to be treated area; the gangue powder preparation and compressed air system includes a gangue crusher and a compressed air station; the powder conveying pipeline system includes an air conveying hard pipe; the gangue solid-liquid mixture preparation system includes a powder collecting device, a reagent adding and solid-liquid mixing system; the gangue solid-liquid mixture spreading system includes a trenching and spreading vehicle, a pressure-bearing reeling system and a towing hose.

[0007] Furthermore, in the first factory, the crusher crushes the gangue to obtain gangue powder, and the gangue powder enters the feeding device, which includes a screw feeder and a compressed air station. The screw feeder sends the gangue powder into the air conveying pipe through a one-way valve, and the compressed air from the compressed air station transports the gangue powder remotely to the second factory through the air conveying pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the powder conveying pipeline system includes a plurality of air compression stations.

[0009] Furthermore, the main body of the powder collecting device is tiltedly arranged on the spring seat and is connected to the vibration motor; a filter is arranged in the powder collecting device, and a powder outlet is provided below the filter; after the gangue powder enters the powder collecting device, most of the air is discharged through the filter, while the powder is blocked by the filter and vibrated by the vibration motor to be discharged through the powder outlet below.

[0010] Furthermore, the gangue powder discharged through the powder collecting device is added to the loading bin and then transported to the storage tank through the conveyor belt; at the same time, a variety of reagents are transported to the reaction tank for mixed reaction and then transported to the storage tank; water is transported to the storage tank to form a gangue solid-liquid mixture.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of storage tanks are provided, and each storage tank is provided with a stirring device.

[0012] Furthermore, the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture in the storage tank is connected to a trenching and spreading vehicle through a conveying pump via a towing hose; the trenching and spreading vehicle carries a towing hose for trenching and spreading operations; the towing hose is retracted and released by a pressurized reeling and unreeling device that can reel and unreel when conveying the solid-liquid mixed fluid.

[0013] Further, the towing hose is installed on one side of the trenching and spreading vehicle through a swivel joint.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for desert and saline-alkali land treatment, comprising the following steps:

[0015] (1) preparing coal gangue from the vicinity of a coal mine into coal gangue powder;

[0016] (2) Use compressed air to transport coal gangue powder to deserts or saline-alkali lands;

[0017] (3) preparing a gangue solid-liquid mixture from coal gangue powder, and spreading the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture on the surface of a desert or saline-alkali land;

[0018] In step (2), a conveying hard pipe system is used to remotely transport the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture. In step (3), a hose and a pressure-reeling and reeling device are used to transport the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture, and the hose is connected to a trenching and spreading vehicle as a towing hose.

[0019] Furthermore, in step (3), during spreading, the trenching and spreading vehicle performs reciprocating operation between the upper working mark m and the lower working mark n along the working direction w; at the same time, the reel of the pressure-reeling and rewinding device rotates so that the length of the towing hose and the stroke of the trenching and spreading vehicle are kept synchronized; in addition, the towing hose is installed on one side of the trenching and spreading vehicle through a swivel joint. In order to prevent the hose carried by it from getting entangled or damaging the working area during the reciprocating operation, the trenching and spreading vehicle makes a 180° turn each time it reaches the upper working mark m or the lower working mark n, so that the running direction of the towing hose in the treatment area is always consistent with the reciprocating direction of the trenching and spreading vehicle, thereby reducing the friction of the pipeline and minimizing the impact on the ground.

[0020] Technical Effects

[0021] 1. Effective use of resources

[0022] Resource Utilization of Coal Gangue: The solid waste coal gangue generated during coal mining and washing is turned into treasure and used for desert and saline-alkali land management, which solves the problem of large-scale accumulation of coal gangue occupying land resources and the environmental pollution it brings, realizes the resource reuse of waste, and improves the comprehensive utilization rate of resources.

[0023] 2.Soil improvement effect is significant

[0024] Increase soil fertility: Mineral elements such as silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, and magnesium contained in coal gangue can provide nutrients to the soil after processing, improve soil fertility, provide necessary nutrients for plant growth, and help establish stable vegetation communities in deserts and saline-alkali lands.

[0025] Improve soil physical properties: Its relatively stable particle structure can increase soil porosity, improve soil aeration and water permeability, and enhance water penetration and retention. This is not only conducive to plant root growth and water absorption, but also improves soil structure, reduces soil compaction, prevents soil erosion, and enhances soil resistance to wind and water erosion.

[0026] Regulating soil pH: The alkaline properties of coal gangue can neutralize the acidic soil in saline-alkali land, adjust the soil pH to a range suitable for plant growth, create a favorable soil chemical environment for plant growth, and improve the survival rate and growth of plants in saline-alkali land.

[0027] 3. Spreading operation is efficient and convenient

[0028] Efficient long-distance powder transportation: The gangue powder is transported to the treatment area through compressed air through air conveying hard pipes. Intermediate compressed air stations can be added according to the transportation distance, which ensures the stability and efficiency of long-distance powder transportation, reduces transportation costs and time costs, and improves treatment efficiency.

[0029] Precise spreading of solid-liquid mixture: The trenching and spreading vehicle is used for spreading operations, which can accurately spread the solid-liquid mixture of coal gangue to the surface of deserts or saline-alkali land. The trenching and spreading vehicle reciprocates between the upper and lower working lines, and cooperates with the pressure-reeling and rewinding equipment to synchronize the length of the towing hose with the travel of the trenching and spreading vehicle. The towing hose is installed on one side of the trenching and spreading vehicle through a swivel joint, which avoids hose entanglement and damage to the operating area, ensures the continuity and accuracy of the spreading operation, and improves the spreading quality.

[0030] 4. The system runs stably and reliably

[0031] Efficient separation of powder collection device: The main body of the powder collection device is tilted on the spring seat and connected to the vibration motor. The internal filter can effectively separate the gangue powder and air. The vibration motor promotes the smooth discharge of powder, ensuring the stability of raw material supply in the subsequent solid-liquid mixture preparation stage.

[0032] Storage tanks are stirred and mixed evenly: Stirring equipment is set up in multiple storage tanks to ensure that the gangue powder, chemicals and water are fully and evenly mixed to form a stable solid-liquid mixture, which provides uniform nutrients and improvement effects for plants, and is also conducive to improving the consistency of spreading operations.

[0033] The concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is a process flow diagram in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a feeding device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a powder collecting device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a connection diagram of a pressure-reeling and reeling device and a towing hose of a trenching and spreading vehicle in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the specification, so that the technical content is clearer and easier to understand. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms of embodiments, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned in the text.

[0039] In the drawings, components with the same structure are indicated by the same numerical reference numerals, and components with similar structures or functions are indicated by similar numerical reference numerals. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown, and the present invention does not limit the size and thickness of each component. In order to make the illustration clearer, the thickness of the components is appropriately exaggerated in some places in the drawings.

[0040] The use of coal gangue to control deserts and coal gangue mainly includes three steps: preparing coal gangue into coal gangue powder and transporting it with compressed air near the coal mine, transporting the coal gangue powder remotely to the desert or saline-alkali land through a pipeline system, and spreading the coal gangue powder on the surface of the desert or saline-alkali land.

[0041] Gangue powder and compressed air transportation

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, in the first workshop 100, the excavator 104 digs the gangue from the gangue pile 101 and puts it into the crusher 103. The crusher 103 crushes the gangue to obtain the gangue powder pile 102. The excavator 104 adds the gangue powder to the feeding device 113. The feeding device 113 includes a screw feeder 1131 and a compressed air station 114. Figure 2 As shown, the screw feeder 1131 delivers the gangue powder into the air delivery pipe 300 through the one-way valve 1132, and the compressed air from the compressed air station 114 delivers the gangue powder to the second workshop 200 through the air delivery hard pipe 300. The first workshop 100 is preferably located near a coal mine. The one-way valve 1132 can ensure that the gangue powder and compressed air in the air delivery hard pipe 300 will not reversely enter the feeding device 113.

[0043] Long-distance transportation of gangue powder

[0044] During the transportation process, an intermediate compressed air station 114 can be added as needed to ensure long-distance transportation of the coal gangue powder in the air transportation hard pipe 300.

[0045] Spreading of solid-liquid mixture of coal gangue

[0046] Continue to see Figure 1 , see also Figure 3 and 4 . The gangue powder transported to the second workshop 200 through the air transport hard pipe 300 first passes through the powder collecting device 115. The main body of the powder collecting device 115 is tilted on the spring seat 1152 and is connected to the vibration motor 1151. A filter screen 1153 is arranged in the powder collecting device 115, and a powder outlet 1154 is provided below the filter screen 1153. After the gangue powder enters the powder collecting device 115, most of the air is discharged through the filter screen 1153, while the powder is blocked by the filter screen 115 and vibrated to the bottom by the vibration motor 1151, and discharged to the upper bin 106 through the powder outlet 1154, and then transported to the storage tank 111 through the conveyor belt 107. At the same time, a plurality of reagents 105 are transported to the reaction tank 110 for mixed reaction and then transported to the storage tank 111. The groundwater collected by the deep water well lifting equipment 108 is lifted to the reservoir 109. The water in the water reservoir 109 is transported to the storage tank 111 to form a solid-liquid mixture of coal gangue. In other embodiments, the water may also come from other sources, such as industrial water, etc. A plurality of storage tanks 111 may be provided, and a stirring device may be provided in the storage tanks.

[0047] The gangue solid-liquid mixture in the storage tank 111 is connected to the trenching and spreading vehicle 202 via the conveying pump 112 via the towing hose 205. The trenching and spreading vehicle 202 carries the towing hose 205 to perform trenching and spreading operations. The towing hose 202 is retracted and unreeled by the pressure-reeling and unreeling device 201 that can reel and unreel when conveying the solid-liquid mixed fluid.

[0048] During spreading, the trenching and spreading vehicle 202 performs reciprocating operation between the upper working line m and the lower working line n along the working direction w. At the same time, the pressure-reeling and reeling device 201 rotates the reel at the same time, so that the length of the towing hose and the travel of the trenching and spreading vehicle 202 are synchronized. In addition, the towing hose 205 is installed on one side of the trenching and spreading vehicle 202 through a swivel joint. In order to avoid the hose 204 carried by it from getting entangled or damaging the working area during the reciprocating operation, the trenching and spreading vehicle 202 makes a 180° turn every time it reaches the upper working line m or the lower working line n, so that the running direction of the towing hose 205 in the treatment area is always consistent with the reciprocating direction of the trenching and spreading vehicle 202, thereby reducing the friction of the pipeline and minimizing the impact on the ground. The pressure-reeling and reeling device 201 can also move in the working direction w as the trenching and spreading vehicle 202 works.

[0049] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present invention on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A system for desert and saline-alkali land management, characterized in that: It includes a gangue powder preparation and compressed air system set up in the first workshop, a gangue solid-liquid mixture preparation and spreading system set up in the second workshop, and a powder conveying pipeline system connecting the first workshop and the second workshop; wherein the first workshop is set up at the gangue dump of the coal mine; the second workshop is set up in the desert and saline-alkali land to be treated area; the gangue powder preparation and compressed air system includes a gangue crusher and a compressed air station; the powder conveying pipeline system includes an air conveying hard pipe; the gangue solid-liquid mixture preparation system includes a powder collecting device, a reagent adding and solid-liquid mixing system; the gangue solid-liquid mixture spreading system includes a trenching and spreading vehicle, a pressurized reeling and unwinding system and a towing hose.

2. The system for desert and saline-alkali land treatment according to claim 1, wherein: In the first factory, the crusher crushes the gangue to obtain gangue powder, which enters the feeding device, which includes a screw feeder and a compressed air station. The screw feeder sends the gangue powder into the air conveying pipe through a one-way valve, and the compressed air from the compressed air station transports the gangue powder remotely to the second factory through the air conveying pipe.

3. The system for desert and saline-alkali land treatment according to claim 1, wherein: The powder delivery pipeline system includes multiple air compression stations.

4. The system for desert and saline-alkali land treatment according to claim 1, wherein: The main body of the powder collecting device is tilted on the spring seat and connected to the vibration motor; a filter is arranged inside the powder collecting device, and a powder outlet is provided below the filter; after the gangue powder enters the powder collecting device, most of the air is discharged through the filter, while the powder is blocked by the filter and vibrated by the vibration motor to the powder outlet below for discharge.

5. The system for desert and saline-alkali land treatment as claimed in claim 4, wherein: The gangue powder discharged from the powder collecting device is added to the loading bin and then transported to the storage tank through the conveyor belt; at the same time, a variety of reagents are transported to the reaction tank for mixed reaction and then transported to the storage tank; water is transported to the storage tank to form a gangue solid-liquid mixture.

6. The system for desert and saline-alkali land treatment as claimed in claim 5, wherein: A plurality of storage tanks are provided, and a stirring device is provided in each storage tank.

7. The system for desert and saline-alkali land treatment according to claim 5, wherein: The solid-liquid mixture of coal gangue in the storage tank is connected to a trenching and spreading vehicle through a conveying pump via a towing hose; the trenching and spreading vehicle carries a towing hose for trenching and spreading operations; the towing hose is retracted and released by a pressurized reeling and unreeling device that can retract and unreel when conveying the solid-liquid mixed fluid.

8. The system for desert and saline-alkali land treatment according to claim 7, wherein: The towing hose is mounted on the side of the trenching and spreading vehicle via a swivel joint.

9. A method for desert and saline-alkali land management, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) preparing coal gangue from the vicinity of a coal mine into coal gangue powder; (2) Use compressed air to transport coal gangue powder to deserts or saline-alkali lands; (3) preparing a gangue solid-liquid mixture from coal gangue powder, and spreading the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture on the surface of a desert or saline-alkali land; In step (2), a conveying hard pipe system is used to remotely transport the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture. In step (3), a hose and a pressure-reeling and reeling device are used to transport the coal gangue solid-liquid mixture, and the hose is connected to a trenching and spreading vehicle as a towing hose.

10. The method for desert and saline-alkali land treatment according to claim 9, wherein: In step (3), during spreading, the trenching and spreading vehicle performs reciprocating operation between the upper working mark m and the lower working mark n along the working direction w; at the same time, the reel of the pressure-reeling and rewinding device rotates so that the length of the towing hose and the stroke of the trenching and spreading vehicle are kept synchronized; in addition, the towing hose is installed on one side of the trenching and spreading vehicle through a swivel joint. In order to avoid the hose carried by it from getting entangled or damaging the working area during the reciprocating operation, the trenching and spreading vehicle makes a 180° turn every time it reaches the upper working mark m or the lower working mark n, so that the running direction of the towing hose in the treatment area is always consistent with the reciprocating direction of the trenching and spreading vehicle, thereby reducing the friction of the pipeline and minimizing the impact on the ground.

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