A dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of double-temperature water hydrogen exchange, and provides a double-temperature water hydrogen exchange device, which comprises a first water hydrogen exchange unit, a second water hydrogen exchange unit and a gas-liquid separator. Deionized water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas react in the first water hydrogen exchange unit to generate depleted hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water, and the hydrogen gas and the deuterium-rich water react in the second water hydrogen exchange unit to generate deuterium-rich hydrogen gas and depleted water; the gas-liquid separator is provided with a first mixing cavity, a second mixing cavity, a gas collecting cavity, a liquid collecting cavity and a drainage pipeline which are interconnected, the deuterium-rich water in the first mixing cavity enters the liquid collecting cavity, the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas in the first mixing cavity enters a deuterium-rich hydrogen gas inlet, the drainage pipeline is used for discharging the deuterium-rich water in the liquid collecting cavity, the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas in the second mixing cavity enters the gas collecting cavity, and the deuterium-rich water in the second mixing cavity enters a deuterium-rich water inlet. The double-temperature water hydrogen exchange device provided by the application can enhance the separation effect of the deuterium-rich water and the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas and improve the production efficiency of the deuterium-rich water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange technology, and more particularly to a dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device. Background Technology

[0002] This section is intended to provide background or context for embodiments of this application. The description herein is not intended to imply that it is prior art simply because it is included in this section.

[0003] Deuterium is a stable isotope of hydrogen, existing in natural water as HDO with an abundance of approximately 0.015%. Deuterium-rich water, with a deuterium abundance far exceeding that of natural water, has important applications in various fields. For example, deuterium-rich water has strong neutron moderation capabilities and a small neutron absorption interface; high-purity deuterium-rich water can be used as a moderator and coolant in heavy water reactors. Furthermore, deuterium-rich water can be used to prepare deuterated drugs, which are metabolized slowly in human tissues and can also serve as tracers. Therefore, establishing a reliable deuterium-rich water production technology route and an effective deuterium-rich water supply guarantee system to ensure a long-term supply of deuterium-rich water is crucial.

[0004] Currently, deuterium-enriched water is typically produced using dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange technology. This technology utilizes the characteristic that the separation factor of hydrogen isotopes decreases with increasing temperature, achieving deuterium enrichment through both low-temperature and high-temperature water-hydrogen exchange columns. However, in this technology, the separation effect between deuterium-enriched water and deuterium-enriched hydrogen is poor, affecting the production efficiency of deuterium-enriched water. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present application aims to provide a dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device for conducting research on dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange technology, which can enhance the separation effect of deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen, and improve the production efficiency of deuterium-rich water.

[0006] This application provides a dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device, comprising:

[0007] In the first water-hydrogen exchange unit, deionized water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas react to generate depleted hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water. The first water-hydrogen exchange unit has a deuterium-rich hydrogen gas inlet and a deuterium-rich water outlet.

[0008] The second water-hydrogen exchange unit is used to react hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water to produce deuterium-rich hydrogen gas and depleted water. The second water-hydrogen exchange unit has a deuterium-rich water inlet and a deuterium-rich hydrogen gas outlet.

[0009] A gas-liquid separator has a first mixing chamber, a second mixing chamber, a gas collecting chamber, a liquid collecting chamber, and a drain pipe. The first mixing chamber is located above the liquid collecting chamber, and the liquid collecting chamber is located above the second mixing chamber.

[0010] The deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet, the deuterium-rich water outlet, the gas collection chamber, and the liquid collection chamber are all connected to the first mixing chamber. The deuterium-rich water in the first mixing chamber enters the liquid collection chamber, and the deuterium-rich hydrogen in the first mixing chamber enters the deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet. The drain pipe is used to discharge the deuterium-rich water from the liquid collection chamber.

[0011] The deuterium-rich water inlet, the deuterium-rich hydrogen outlet, the gas collecting chamber, and the liquid collecting chamber are all connected to the second mixing chamber. The deuterium-rich hydrogen in the second mixing chamber enters the gas collecting chamber, and the deuterium-rich water in the second mixing chamber enters the deuterium-rich water inlet.

[0012] In some embodiments, the gas-liquid separator includes a cylinder, a liquid collecting pipe, a first wire mesh, and a second wire mesh. The cylinder forms the gas collecting chamber, the liquid collecting pipe is disposed inside the gas collecting chamber, and the space inside the liquid collecting pipe is the liquid collecting chamber. The first wire mesh forms the first mixing chamber, the second wire mesh forms the second mixing chamber, and the first wire mesh and the second wire mesh are respectively connected to the two ends of the cylinder in the vertical direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the upper end of the liquid collecting pipe has an inlet, the lower end of the liquid collecting pipe has an outlet, the inlet connects the first mixing chamber and the liquid collecting chamber, the outlet connects the second mixing chamber and the liquid collecting chamber, and the drain pipe connects to the peripheral wall of the liquid collecting pipe.

[0014] In some embodiments, a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction is used as the projection plane, and the projection range of the outlet is located within the projection range of the inlet.

[0015] In some embodiments, the bottom sidewall of the cylinder is formed with air holes, which connect the gas collecting chamber and the second mixing chamber.

[0016] In some embodiments, the gas-liquid separator includes an exhaust pipe that connects to the gas collection chamber.

[0017] In some embodiments, the gas-liquid separator includes a cylinder, and the drain pipe and the exhaust pipe are respectively disposed on both sides of the cylinder along a first direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the vertical direction.

[0018] In some embodiments, the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device includes a hydrogen circulation path and a cooling separation unit. The first water-hydrogen exchange unit has a depleted hydrogen outlet, and the second water-hydrogen exchange unit has a hydrogen inlet. The hydrogen circulation path connects the depleted hydrogen outlet and the hydrogen inlet. The cooling separation unit is disposed in the hydrogen circulation path to cool and separate water vapor in the depleted hydrogen.

[0019] In some embodiments, the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device includes a gas circulation pump disposed in the hydrogen circulation path.

[0020] In some embodiments, the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device includes multiple catalytic exchange columns, which are respectively disposed in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit and the second water-hydrogen exchange unit, and the diameter of the catalytic exchange columns is 10 mm to 100 mm.

[0021] In some embodiments, the height of the catalytic exchange column is 600 mm to 2000 mm.

[0022] In some embodiments, the catalytic exchange column is packed with hydrophilic packing material and hydrophobic catalyst, wherein the hydrophilic packing material and the hydrophobic catalyst are packed in a mixed packing and / or in a layered packing manner.

[0023] In some embodiments, the temperature of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit is 50°C to 80°C.

[0024] In some embodiments, the temperature of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit is 150°C to 220°C.

[0025] In some embodiments, the pressure of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa.

[0026] In some embodiments, the pressure of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa.

[0027] In some embodiments, the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water is between 10% and 99.8%.

[0028] The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device provided in this application embodiment has the following characteristics: First, deionized water and deuterium-rich hydrogen undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit to generate depleted hydrogen and deuterium-rich water. Hydrogen and deuterium-rich water then undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the second water-hydrogen exchange unit to generate depleted water and deuterium-rich hydrogen. This separation efficiency is high, reducing the difficulty of preparing deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen. Second, deuterium-rich water flows out from the deuterium-rich water outlet of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit. A portion of the deuterium-rich water can sequentially pass through the first mixing chamber, the collection chamber, and the second mixing chamber, and then flow into the second water-hydrogen exchange unit through the deuterium-rich water inlet. The remaining portion of the deuterium-rich water can be discharged through a drainage pipe, thus facilitating the acquisition of deuterium-rich water products. Deuterium-rich hydrogen gas flows out from the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas outlet of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit, sequentially passing through the second mixing chamber, the gas collecting chamber, and the first mixing chamber, before flowing into the first water-hydrogen exchange unit through the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas inlet. This cycle repeats continuously, allowing the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device to continuously generate deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas, thereby continuously increasing the deuterium abundance of both to meet usage requirements. Furthermore, both the first and second mixing chambers serve a separation function, and the flow paths of the deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas are further separated by the liquid collecting chamber and the gas collecting chamber. In addition, at least a portion of the deuterium-rich water in the liquid collecting chamber can be discharged through a drainage pipe, thereby enhancing the separation effect of the deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas and improving the production efficiency of deuterium-rich water. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 The diagram below is a schematic representation of the structure of a dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device provided in some embodiments of this application, wherein the solid line exemplarily represents the water flow path and the dashed line exemplarily represents the hydrogen flow path.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas-liquid separator provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0032] Dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100;

[0033] First water-hydrogen exchange unit 10; deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet 10a; deuterium-rich water outlet 10b; depleted hydrogen outlet 10c;

[0034] Second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20; deuterium-rich water inlet 20a; deuterium-rich hydrogen outlet 20b; hydrogen inlet 20c;

[0035] Gas-liquid separator 30; first mixing chamber 30a; second mixing chamber 30b; gas collecting chamber 30c; liquid collecting chamber 30d; drain pipe 30e; exhaust pipe 30f;

[0036] Cylinder body 31; air hole 31a; second limiting hole 31b;

[0037] Liquid collecting pipe 32; water inlet 32a; water outlet 32b; first limiting hole 32c;

[0038] First wire mesh 33; First opening 33a;

[0039] Second wire mesh 34; Second opening 34a;

[0040] Water source 40;

[0041] Hydrogen circulation path 50;

[0042] Cooling separation unit 60;

[0043] Hydrogen source 70;

[0044] Gas circulation pump 80. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this application, but should not be used to limit the scope of this application.

[0046] The various specific technical features and embodiments described in the detailed embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. For example, different combinations of specific technical features / embodiments can form different implementation methods. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the various possible combinations of various specific technical features / embodiments in this application will not be described separately. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] In related technologies, a low-temperature water-hydrogen exchange column receives deuterium-rich hydrogen gas from a high-temperature water-hydrogen exchange column, and the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas reacts with water to produce deuterium-rich water; conversely, a high-temperature water-hydrogen exchange column receives deuterium-rich water from a low-temperature water-hydrogen exchange column, and the deuterium-rich water reacts with hydrogen gas to produce deuterium-rich hydrogen gas. However, it is difficult to separate the deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas at the connection point between the low-temperature and high-temperature water-hydrogen exchange columns, thus affecting the production efficiency of deuterium-rich water.

[0048] Please see Figures 1 to 2 This application provides a dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100, comprising:

[0049] In the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10, deionized water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas react to generate depleted hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water. The first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 has a deuterium-rich hydrogen gas inlet 10a and a deuterium-rich water outlet 10b.

[0050] Specifically, deuterium-rich hydrogen gas flows into the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 through the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas inlet 10a. Deionized water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 to generate depleted hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water. The deuterium-rich water flows out through the deuterium-rich water outlet 10b. This process has high separation efficiency and facilitates the preparation of deuterium-rich water. Depleted hydrogen gas refers to hydrogen gas with some deuterium removed. Deionized water refers to pure water after removing impurities in the ionic state.

[0051] The second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 reacts hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water to produce deuterium-rich hydrogen gas and depleted water. The second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 has a deuterium-rich water inlet 20a and a deuterium-rich hydrogen gas outlet 20b.

[0052] Specifically, deuterium-rich water flows into the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 through the deuterium-rich water inlet 20a. Hydrogen and the deuterium-rich water undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 to produce depleted water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas. The deuterium-rich hydrogen gas flows out through the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas outlet 20b. This separation process is highly efficient and facilitates the preparation of deuterium-rich hydrogen gas. Depleted water refers to water with some deuterium removed.

[0053] It should be noted that the temperatures of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 and the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 are different; specifically, the temperature of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 is higher than that of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10.

[0054] The gas-liquid separator 30 has a first mixing chamber 30a, a second mixing chamber 30b, a gas collecting chamber 30c, a liquid collecting chamber 30d, and a drain pipe 30e. The first mixing chamber 30a is located above the liquid collecting chamber 30d, and the liquid collecting chamber 30d is located above the second mixing chamber 30b. For an example, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 2 The first mixing chamber 30a, the liquid collecting chamber 30d, and the second mixing chamber 30b are distributed sequentially in the vertical direction. In one embodiment, the gas collecting chamber 30c may surround the circumference of the liquid collecting chamber 30d.

[0055] The deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet 10a, the deuterium-rich water outlet 10b, the gas collection chamber 30c, and the liquid collection chamber 30d are all connected to the first mixing chamber 30a. The deuterium-rich water in the first mixing chamber 30a enters the liquid collection chamber 30d, and the deuterium-rich hydrogen in the first mixing chamber 30a enters the deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet 10a. The drain pipe 30e is used to discharge the deuterium-rich water in the liquid collection chamber 30d.

[0056] The deuterium-rich water inlet 20a, the deuterium-rich hydrogen outlet 20b, the gas collecting chamber 30c, and the liquid collecting chamber 30d are all connected to the second mixing chamber 30b. The deuterium-rich hydrogen in the second mixing chamber 30b enters the gas collecting chamber 30c, and the deuterium-rich water in the second mixing chamber 30b enters the deuterium-rich water inlet 20a.

[0057] The first mixing chamber 30a can be used to collect deuterium-rich water and separate deuterium-rich hydrogen gas. That is, under the action of gravity, the deuterium-rich water flows out from the deuterium-rich water outlet 10b of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10, passes through the first mixing chamber 30a, the liquid collection chamber 30d and the second mixing chamber 30b in sequence, and flows into the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 through the deuterium-rich water inlet 20a.

[0058] The second mixing chamber 30b can be used to collect deuterium-rich water and separate deuterium-rich hydrogen gas. That is, deuterium-rich hydrogen gas flows out from the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas outlet 20b of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20, passes sequentially through the second mixing chamber 30b, the gas collecting chamber 30c, and the first mixing chamber 30a, and then flows into the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 through the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas inlet 10a. This cycle repeats continuously. On the one hand, the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100 can continuously generate deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas, thereby continuously increasing the deuterium abundance of both to meet usage requirements. On the other hand, both the first mixing chamber 30a and the second mixing chamber 30b serve a separation function. Furthermore, through the liquid collecting chamber 30d and the gas collecting chamber 30c, the flow paths of the deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas are separated, thereby enhancing the separation effect.

[0059] For example, please continue reading Figure 2 The drain pipe 30e is connected to the liquid collection chamber 30d, allowing at least a portion of the deuterium-rich water in the liquid collection chamber 30d to be discharged through the drain pipe 30e. In other words, the drain pipe 30e is not connected to the gas collection chamber 30c, preventing the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas in the gas collection chamber 30c from being discharged through the drain pipe 30e. This further enhances the separation effect between the deuterium-rich water and the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas, improving the production efficiency of the deuterium-rich water.

[0060] It should be noted that in this application, "down" refers to the direction towards the ground, and "up" is the opposite direction to "down".

[0061] The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100 provided in this application embodiment has the following characteristics: First, deionized water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 to generate depleted hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water. Hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water then undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 to generate depleted water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas. This separation efficiency is high, which can reduce the difficulty of preparing deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas. Second, deuterium-rich water flows out from the deuterium-rich water outlet 10b of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10. Part of the deuterium-rich water can flow into the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 through the deuterium-rich water inlet 20a in sequence through the first mixing chamber 30a, the collection chamber 30d, and the second mixing chamber 30b. The remaining part of the deuterium-rich water can be discharged through the drainage pipe 30e to obtain the deuterium-rich water product. Deuterium-rich hydrogen gas flows out from the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas outlet 20b of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20, passes sequentially through the second mixing chamber 30b, the gas collecting chamber 30c, and the first mixing chamber 30a, and then flows into the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 through the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas inlet 10a. This cycle repeats continuously, allowing the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100 to continuously generate deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas, thereby continuously increasing the deuterium abundance of both to meet usage requirements. Furthermore, both the first mixing chamber 30a and the second mixing chamber 30b serve a separation function, and the flow paths of the deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas are further separated by the liquid collecting chamber 30d and the gas collecting chamber 30c. In addition, at least a portion of the deuterium-rich water in the liquid collecting chamber 30d can be discharged through the drain pipe 30e, thereby enhancing the separation effect of the deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas and improving the production efficiency of the deuterium-rich water.

[0062] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100 includes a water source 40, a first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 with a water inlet, and the water source 40 is connected to the water inlet. The water in the water source 40 is deionized water. In this way, the water source 40 can provide a large amount of deionized water, enabling the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100 to have a large-scale deuterium-rich water production capacity.

[0063] The source of water 40 is not limited. For example, it can be purified deionized water, such as tap water, as long as it meets the deionized water standard.

[0064] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The gas-liquid separator 30 includes a cylinder 31, a liquid collecting pipe 32, a first wire mesh 33, and a second wire mesh 34. The cylinder 31 forms a gas collecting chamber 30c, and the liquid collecting pipe 32 is disposed in the gas collecting chamber 30c. The space inside the liquid collecting pipe 32 is a liquid collecting chamber 30d. The first wire mesh 33 forms a first mixing chamber 30a, and the second wire mesh 34 forms a second mixing chamber 30b. The first wire mesh 33 and the second wire mesh 34 are respectively connected to the two ends of the cylinder 31 in the vertical direction.

[0065] The gas collecting chamber 30c provides an installation location for the liquid collecting pipe 32. The liquid collecting pipe 32 can separate the liquid collecting chamber 30d and the gas collecting chamber 30c to separate the flow paths of deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen.

[0066] Please see Figure 1 The first wire mesh 33 is connected to the upper end of the cylinder 31, and the second wire mesh 34 is connected to the lower end of the cylinder 31. Thus, the first wire mesh 33, the second wire mesh 34, and the cylinder 31 are integrated into one unit. The overall size of the gas-liquid separator 30 is relatively small, making it suitable for research in relatively confined indoor spaces such as laboratories. Furthermore, while balancing separation functionality and manufacturing complexity, it also facilitates the installation, removal, and replacement of the gas-liquid separator 30.

[0067] The specific material of the cylinder 31 is not limited. For example, the cylinder 31 can be made of 316L stainless steel, which has strong corrosion resistance and good heat resistance, and is suitable for chemical production.

[0068] For example, please refer to Figure 2 The first wire mesh 33 has a first opening 33a that opens towards the deuterium-rich water outlet 10b. The first opening 33a is connected to the first mixing chamber 30a. With a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction as the projection plane, the projection range of the deuterium-rich water outlet 10b is located within the projection range of the first opening 33a. In this way, it can prevent the deuterium-rich water from overflowing after flowing out of the deuterium-rich water outlet 10b, and it is beneficial for the first mixing chamber 30a to collect the deuterium-rich water.

[0069] For example, please refer to Figure 2 The second wire mesh 34 has a second opening 34a that opens towards the outlet of the liquid collection chamber 30d. The second opening 34a communicates with the second mixing chamber 30b. With a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction as the projection plane, the projection range of the liquid collection chamber 30d is located within the projection range of the second wire mesh 34. In this way, it can prevent deuterium-rich water from overflowing after flowing out of the liquid collection chamber 30d, and is beneficial for the second mixing chamber 30b to collect deuterium-rich water.

[0070] It is important to understand that deuterium-rich water typically flows out as droplets from the deuterium-rich water outlet 10b or the collection chamber 30d, with a relatively small flow rate and slow velocity. Furthermore, the small apertures of the first wire mesh 33 and the second wire mesh 34, coupled with the high air pressure, make it difficult for water droplets to flow directly through the small holes. Therefore, the first mixing chamber 30a and the second mixing chamber 30b can collect the water droplets at their lowest point and surrounding area. After collection, the weight of the water droplets exceeds the air pressure, allowing them to flow out from the first mixing chamber 30a and the second mixing chamber 30b. Clearly, the deuterium-rich water still flows out from the first mixing chamber 30a and the second mixing chamber 30b in the form of water droplets.

[0071] In one embodiment, the thickness of the cylinder 31 is 5 mm to 10 mm. For example, the thickness of the cylinder 31 can be 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, or 10 mm, etc.

[0072] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The first wire mesh 33 is roughly semi-elliptical, so that the deuterium-rich water can flow smoothly downward along the cavity wall of the first mixing chamber 30a, which is beneficial for the first mixing chamber 30a to collect the deuterium-rich water.

[0073] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The second mesh 34 is roughly semi-elliptical, so that the deuterium-rich water can flow smoothly downward along the cavity wall of the second mixing chamber 30b, which is beneficial for the second mixing chamber 30b to collect the deuterium-rich water.

[0074] In one embodiment, the mesh count of the first wire mesh 33 is 15 to 65 meshes. That is, the aperture of the first wire mesh 33 is 0.25 mm to 1.25 mm. Exemplarily, the aperture of the first wire mesh 33 can be 0.25 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.75 mm, 1 mm, or 1.25 mm, etc.

[0075] In one embodiment, the mesh count of the second mesh 34 is 15 to 65. That is, the aperture of the second mesh 34 is 0.25 mm to 1.25 mm. Exemplarily, the aperture of the second mesh 34 can be 0.25 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.75 mm, 1 mm, or 1.25 mm, etc.

[0076] It should be noted that the first wire mesh 33 and the second wire mesh 34 have the same mesh count, meaning that the apertures of the first wire mesh 33 and the second wire mesh 34 are equal. This ensures that the time it takes for the deuterium-rich water to drip after collecting in the two mixing chambers is approximately the same, and that the rate at which the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas flows through the two mixing chambers is approximately the same. This allows the reaction rates of the two water-hydrogen exchange units to remain stable, thereby improving the operational reliability of the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100.

[0077] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The upper end of the collecting pipe 32 has an inlet 32a, and the lower end has an outlet 32b. The inlet 32a connects the first mixing chamber 30a and the collecting chamber 30d, and the outlet 32b connects the second mixing chamber 30b and the collecting chamber 30d. The drain pipe 30e is connected to the peripheral wall of the collecting pipe 32. In other words, after the deuterium-rich water flows out of the first mixing chamber 30a, it flows into the collecting chamber 30d through the inlet 32a and then into the second mixing chamber 30b through the outlet 32b.

[0078] For example, please refer to Figure 2The liquid collecting pipe 32 has a first limiting hole 32c that penetrates the peripheral sidewall. The wall surface of the first limiting hole 32c is sealed to the circumferential surface of the drain pipe 30e, and the drain pipe 30e is connected to the liquid collecting chamber 30d. In this way, not only can the sealing performance of the liquid collecting pipe 32 and the drain pipe 30e be improved, preventing deuterium-rich water from dripping into the gas collecting chamber 30c and deuterium-rich hydrogen from being discharged outward through the drain pipe 30e, but the connection stability between the liquid collecting pipe 32 and the drain pipe 30e can also be enhanced.

[0079] In one embodiment, the drainage pipe 30e is equipped with a drain valve. Thus, without affecting the generation of deuterium-rich hydrogen in the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20, the deuterium-rich water can be discharged through the drainage pipe 30e by opening the drain valve, making it convenient to collect the deuterium-rich water.

[0080] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 With a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction as the projection plane, the projection range of the outlet 32b is located within the projection range of the inlet 32a. That is, the area of ​​the inlet 32a is larger than the area of ​​the outlet 32b. This serves two purposes: firstly, it prevents deuterium-rich water from overflowing after flowing out of the first mixing chamber 30a, thus facilitating the collection of deuterium-rich water in the collection chamber 30d. Secondly, at least a portion of the collection chamber 30d extends in a relatively straight vertical direction, allowing the deuterium-rich water to flow downwards more smoothly.

[0081] For example, please continue reading Figure 2 The inlet 32a and its surrounding area are roughly funnel-shaped, which facilitates the flow of deuterium-rich water into the collection pipe 32, and allows the deuterium-rich water to flow smoothly downward along the wall of the collection chamber 30d.

[0082] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The bottom sidewall of the cylinder 31 has a vent 31a, which connects the gas collecting chamber 30c and the second mixing chamber 30b. That is, the vent 31a and the second mixing chamber 30b are both located at the lower end of the cylinder 31, and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas can flow smoothly from the second mixing chamber 30b into the gas collecting chamber 30c through the vent 31a.

[0083] For example, please refer to Figure 2 There are multiple pores 31a, which are spaced apart along the first direction. This increases the flow rate of deuterium-rich hydrogen gas.

[0084] It should be noted that in this application, "multiple" refers to a quantity including two or more.

[0085] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The gas-liquid separator 30 includes an exhaust pipe 30f, which connects to the gas collecting chamber 30c. In other words, the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas in the gas collecting chamber 30c can be discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipe 30f.

[0086] For example, please refer to Figure 2 The cylinder 31 has a second limiting hole 31b that penetrates the circumferential sidewall. The hole wall surface of the second limiting hole 31b is sealed to the circumferential surface of the exhaust pipe 30f. This not only improves the sealing performance of the cylinder 31 and the exhaust pipe 30f, but also enhances the connection stability between the cylinder 31 and the exhaust pipe 30f.

[0087] In one embodiment, the exhaust pipe 30f is equipped with an exhaust valve. Thus, without affecting the generation of deuterium-rich water in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10, the exhaust valve can be opened to allow deuterium-rich hydrogen gas to be discharged through the exhaust pipe 30f, making it convenient to collect the deuterium-rich hydrogen gas.

[0088] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The drain pipe 30e and the exhaust pipe 30f are respectively located on both sides of the cylinder 31 along a first direction, which is perpendicular to the vertical direction. This means that the drain pipe 30e and the exhaust pipe 30f do not occupy the space at the top and bottom of the cylinder 31. Therefore, this does not affect the flow of deuterium-rich water generated by the first water-hydrogen unit into the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 via the gas-liquid separator 30, nor does it affect the flow of deuterium-rich hydrogen generated by the second water-hydrogen unit into the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 via the gas-liquid separator 30. Simultaneously, it facilitates the installation of the drain pipe 30e and the exhaust pipe 30f onto the cylinder 31 by operators.

[0089] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100 includes a hydrogen circulation path 50 and a cooling separation unit 60. The first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 has a depleted hydrogen outlet 10c, and the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 has a hydrogen inlet 20c. The hydrogen circulation path 50 connects the depleted hydrogen outlet 10c and the hydrogen inlet 20c. The cooling separation unit 60 is located in the hydrogen circulation path 50 to cool and separate water vapor from the depleted hydrogen. In this way, on the one hand, the cooling separation unit 60 can effectively condense and separate water vapor from the depleted hydrogen, making the depleted hydrogen meet the inlet requirements of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20. It can also recover the condensate formed after water vapor condensation, facilitating research and analysis. On the other hand, after the depleted hydrogen is discharged from the depleted hydrogen outlet 10c, it enters the hydrogen circulation path 50 and is condensed and separated by the cooling separation unit 60. It then flows into the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 through the hydrogen inlet 20c, participating again in the water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction, realizing multiple uses of hydrogen (depleted hydrogen) and reducing production costs.

[0090] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 100 includes a hydrogen source 70, which is connected to a hydrogen circulation path 50. The hydrogen source 70 uses high-purity hydrogen. This increases the production of deuterium, thereby improving the production capacity and quality of deuterium-rich water.

[0091] The specific raw materials for the hydrogen source 70 are not limited. For example, it can be hydrogen produced by chemical production or hydrogen produced by water electrolysis. Regardless of the source, the hydrogen must be processed through appropriate purification processes to remove impurities and achieve the high-purity hydrogen standard.

[0092] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100 includes a gas circulation pump 80, which is disposed in the hydrogen circulation path 50. The gas circulation pump 80 provides a power source for the hydrogen circulation path 50 to realize the circulation of hydrogen in the hydrogen circulation path 50, thereby reducing the amount of hydrogen used and lowering production costs and energy consumption.

[0093] In some embodiments, the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100 includes multiple catalytic exchange columns, which are respectively disposed in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 and the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20, and the diameter of the catalytic exchange columns is 10 mm to 100 mm.

[0094] For example, after deuterium-rich hydrogen and plasma water undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10, the heavier hydrogen isotopes are enriched at the bottom of the catalytic exchange column, and the lighter hydrogen isotopes are enriched at the top of the catalytic exchange column. Thus, deuterium-rich water can be obtained at the bottom of the catalytic exchange column, and depleted hydrogen can be obtained at the top of the catalytic exchange column.

[0095] For example, the diameter of the catalytic exchange column can be 10 mm, 30 mm, 50 mm, 70 mm, 90 mm or 100 mm, etc.

[0096] In some embodiments, the height of the catalytic exchange column is between 600 mm and 2000 mm. For example, the height of the catalytic exchange column can be 600 mm, 900 mm, 1200 mm, 1500 mm, 1800 mm, or 2000 mm, etc. By setting appropriate diameters and heights, the catalytic exchange column can meet different production needs.

[0097] In some embodiments, the catalytic exchange column is packed with hydrophilic packing material and hydrophobic catalyst, and the packing method of the hydrophilic packing material and hydrophobic catalyst is mixed packing and / or layered packing.

[0098] The water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction occurs through the coupling effect of hydrophilic packing material and hydrophobic catalyst. This exchange reaction is mainly divided into catalytic exchange reaction and phase exchange reaction, with the phase exchange reaction occurring on the surface of the hydrophilic packing material. The hydrophobic catalyst and hydrophilic packing material are packed inside the catalytic exchange column of two water-hydrogen exchange units.

[0099] For example, when the hydrogen flow rate is low, the catalytic exchange column can be filled with particulate hydrophobic catalyst and hydrophilic packing material. The filling method can be mixed filling, layered filling, or a combination of both. When the hydrogen flow rate is high, the catalytic exchange column is larger. In this case, it can be filled with a well-structured, monolithic hydrophilic packing material and hydrophobic catalyst. This improves the water distribution performance within the catalytic exchange column, increases the reaction rate in the two water-hydrogen exchange units, and prevents a slow reaction rate in one water-hydrogen exchange unit from reducing the overall reaction rate.

[0100] Hydrophilic materials include, but are not limited to, Dixon packing, triangular spiral packing, Canon packing, and calendered ring packing, etc.

[0101] Hydrophobic catalysts include, but are not limited to, Pt-SDB (supported by polystyrene-divinylbenzene, with platinum supported) hydrophobic catalysts and Pt-PTFE (supported by polytetrafluoroethylene, with platinum supported) hydrophobic catalysts, etc.

[0102] In some embodiments, the temperature of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 is between 50°C and 80°C. For example, the temperature of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 can be 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, or 80°C, etc. By setting a suitable temperature, the reaction rate of deuterium-rich water can be accelerated, and the yield of deuterium-rich water can be increased.

[0103] In some embodiments, the temperature of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 is between 150°C and 220°C. For example, the temperature of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 can be 150°C, 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C, 200°C, 210°C, or 220°C, etc. By setting a suitable temperature, the reaction rate of deuterium-rich hydrogen can be accelerated, thereby increasing the yield of deuterium-rich water.

[0104] In some embodiments, the pressure of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 is from 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa. For example, the pressure of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 can be 1.8 MPa, 2.0 MPa, 2.2 MPa, 2.4 MPa, 2.6 MPa, 2.8 MPa, or 3.0 MPa, etc.

[0105] In some embodiments, the pressure of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 is from 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa. For example, the pressure of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 can be 1.8 MPa, 2.0 MPa, 2.2 MPa, 2.4 MPa, 2.6 MPa, 2.8 MPa, or 3.0 MPa, etc.

[0106] In other words, the pressure in both water-hydrogen exchange units is higher than atmospheric pressure. Correspondingly, the pressure in the gas-liquid separator 30 is also higher than atmospheric pressure, and the external pressure is negative relative to the pressure inside the gas-liquid separator 30. This allows deuterium-rich water to be smoothly discharged through the drain pipe 30e, and deuterium-rich hydrogen to be smoothly discharged through the exhaust pipe 30f.

[0107] In some embodiments, the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water is between 10% and 99.8%. For example, the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water can be 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 99.8%, etc.

[0108] The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100 provided in this application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments:

[0109] The temperature of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 is 70℃, and the temperature of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 is 160℃. The pressure of both the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 and the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 is 2.0 MPa. The diameter of the catalytic exchange column in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 is 40 mm, and the height is 2000 mm. All catalytic exchange columns are filled with the same hydrophilic packing material and hydrophobic catalyst; the hydrophilic packing material is Dixon packing material, and the hydrophobic catalyst is Pt-SDB hydrophobic catalyst.

[0110] In summary, the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water generated by the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 is 35%.

[0111] In the description of this specification, the references to the terms "an embodiment," "some embodiments," and "exemplary" refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0112] The various embodiments / implementations provided in this application can be combined with each other without creating contradictions. The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. For those skilled in the art, this application can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device, characterized in that, include: In the first water-hydrogen exchange unit, deionized water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas react to generate depleted hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water. The first water-hydrogen exchange unit has a deuterium-rich hydrogen gas inlet and a deuterium-rich water outlet. The second water-hydrogen exchange unit is used to react hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water to produce deuterium-rich hydrogen gas and depleted water. The second water-hydrogen exchange unit has a deuterium-rich water inlet and a deuterium-rich hydrogen gas outlet. A gas-liquid separator has a first mixing chamber, a second mixing chamber, a gas collecting chamber, a liquid collecting chamber, and a drain pipe. The first mixing chamber is located above the liquid collecting chamber, and the liquid collecting chamber is located above the second mixing chamber. The deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet, the deuterium-rich water outlet, the gas collection chamber, and the liquid collection chamber are all connected to the first mixing chamber. The deuterium-rich water in the first mixing chamber enters the liquid collection chamber, and the deuterium-rich hydrogen in the first mixing chamber enters the deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet. The drain pipe is used to discharge the deuterium-rich water from the liquid collection chamber. The deuterium-rich water inlet, the deuterium-rich hydrogen outlet, the gas collecting chamber, and the liquid collecting chamber are all connected to the second mixing chamber. The deuterium-rich hydrogen in the second mixing chamber enters the gas collecting chamber, and the deuterium-rich water in the second mixing chamber enters the deuterium-rich water inlet.

2. The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas-liquid separator includes a cylinder, a liquid collecting pipe, a first wire mesh, and a second wire mesh. The cylinder forms the gas collecting chamber, and the liquid collecting pipe is disposed inside the gas collecting chamber. The space inside the liquid collecting pipe is the liquid collecting chamber. The first wire mesh forms the first mixing chamber, and the second wire mesh forms the second mixing chamber. The first wire mesh and the second wire mesh are respectively connected to the two ends of the cylinder in the vertical direction.

3. The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper end of the liquid collecting pipe has an inlet, and the lower end of the liquid collecting pipe has an outlet. The inlet connects the first mixing chamber and the liquid collecting chamber, and the outlet connects the second mixing chamber and the liquid collecting chamber. The drain pipe is connected to the peripheral wall of the liquid collecting pipe.

4. The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Using a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction as the projection plane, the projection range of the outlet is located within the projection range of the inlet.

5. The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom sidewall of the cylinder has air holes, which connect the gas collecting chamber and the second mixing chamber.

6. The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas-liquid separator includes an exhaust pipe that connects to the gas collection chamber.

7. The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The gas-liquid separator includes a cylinder, and the drain pipe and the exhaust pipe are respectively disposed on both sides of the cylinder along a first direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the vertical direction.

8. The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device includes a hydrogen circulation path and a cooling separation unit. The first water-hydrogen exchange unit has a depleted hydrogen outlet, and the second water-hydrogen exchange unit has a hydrogen inlet. The hydrogen circulation path connects the depleted hydrogen outlet and the hydrogen inlet. The cooling separation unit is located in the hydrogen circulation path to cool and separate water vapor in the depleted hydrogen.

9. The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device includes a gas circulation pump, which is located in the hydrogen circulation path.

10. The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device includes multiple catalytic exchange columns, which are respectively disposed in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit and the second water-hydrogen exchange unit. The diameter of the catalytic exchange columns is 10 mm to 100 mm; and / or, The height of the catalytic exchange column is 600 mm to 2000 mm.

11. The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The catalytic exchange column is filled with hydrophilic packing material and hydrophobic catalyst, and the hydrophilic packing material and the hydrophobic catalyst are filled in a mixed packing and / or layered packing manner.

12. The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The temperature of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit is 50°C to 80°C; and / or, The temperature of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit is 150°C to 220°C.

13. The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The pressure of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa; and / or, The pressure of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa.

14. The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water ranges from 10% to 99.8%.

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