Multistage grinding device and method suitable for lithium battery raw material processing

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-stage grinding device and method suitable for lithium battery raw material processing, and aims at the technical problems of low single-stage grinding efficiency, insufficient uniformity control and poor equipment adaptability, and specifically comprises a grinding box, two groups of upper and lower grinding seats are arranged in the grinding box, an upper grinding disc is arranged on the outer side of a sedimentation interval of the upper grinding seat through an adjustable assembly, and a lower grinding disc is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the sedimentation interval of the lower grinding seat; the battery raw material can be irregularly jumped and shredded through staggered collision cutting, dynamic adjustment of a grinding gap is completed through the adjustable assembly at the same time, and secondary grinding can be performed according to grinding requirements, and the battery raw material can continuously complete twice of grinding processing, and the dynamic adjustment action based on the grinding degree in the grinding processing process can improve the grinding efficiency and the uniformity grinding control, so that the problems of poor adaptability of traditional grinding equipment and low single-stage grinding efficiency are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lithium battery raw material grinding and processing, and specifically to a multi-stage grinding apparatus and method suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials. Background Technology

[0002] The particle size and uniformity of lithium battery cathode materials (such as lithium iron phosphate and ternary materials) directly affect the battery's energy density and cycle performance. The current industry's core requirements for grinding processes include multi-level particle size control and low-energy-consumption, high-efficiency grinding.

[0003] Traditional grinding equipment has the following limitations in lithium battery raw material processing: low single-stage grinding efficiency; single-disc or single-roller grinding devices cannot achieve particle size classification, requiring repeated processing which increases energy consumption; dead zones exist in the grinding chamber (such as the "grinding dead zone" mentioned in patent document publication number CN118925859A), resulting in a wide particle distribution range and severe agglomeration; and the same device is difficult to be compatible with raw materials of different hardness (such as lithium cobalt oxide and lithium iron phosphate), requiring frequent adjustments to the mechanical structure when changing processes.

[0004] Therefore, this application proposes a solution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-stage grinding apparatus and method suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials, in order to solve the technical problems of low efficiency, insufficient uniformity control and poor equipment adaptability in single-stage grinding.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: a multi-stage grinding device suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials, including a grinding box, wherein two sets of upper grinding seats and lower grinding seats are arranged at intervals inside the grinding box, and settling intervals are symmetrically opened on the adjacent sides of the upper grinding seats and lower grinding seats. An upper grinding disc is installed on the outer side of the settling interval of the upper grinding seat through an adjustable component, and a lower grinding disc is fixedly installed on the outer side of the settling interval of the lower grinding seat. The upper and lower sets of upper grinding discs and lower grinding discs respectively form grinding zone A and grinding zone B.

[0007] The adjustable component includes an electric push rod and a pin located on the upper end of the upper grinding disc. The output end of the electric push rod and the bottom end of the cylinder are both equipped with hinges. The hinges are spherically rotatably connected to the upper grinding base and the upper grinding disc. The pin is located at the center of the outer circumference of the upper grinding disc and is rotatably connected to the upper grinding base. The adjustable component is used to adjust the grinding gap between the upper and lower grinding discs. Both sets of upper and lower grinding bases are equipped with drive components in the axial direction, and the drive components drive the upper or lower grinding base to rotate at high speed.

[0008] Further set as: on the outer circumferences of the upper grinding seat and the lower grinding seat which are on the upper side and are close to each other, a front discharge port is jointly provided, and the front discharge port corresponds to the gaps between two adjacent groups of upper grinding discs and lower grinding discs.

[0009] Further set as: grinding blades are adhesively installed on the outer surfaces of the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc, and the grinding blades are provided with centrifugal direction knife grooves arranged in a distributed manner, and the knife groove opening directions of the upper and lower two groups of grinding blades are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0010] Further set as: a feed hopper is installed in the middle of the upper end of the grinding box, a machine box with a pre-installed air cylinder is suspended in the middle of the feed hopper, the output end of the air cylinder faces downward and is connected through a connecting rod with a middle discharge plug that matches the middle opening of the lower grinding seat on the upper side, and the lower grinding seat on the upper side is provided with a transfer groove that matches the middle discharge plug through the opening.

[0011] Further set as: the cross-section of the transfer groove is in a "匚" shape, a spiral rubber strip is arranged on the outer circumference of the middle discharge plug, and a spiral groove that matches the spiral rubber strip is provided through the opening on the lower grinding seat on the lower side.

[0012] Further set as: a lower discharge plug is installed at the middle opening of the lower grinding seat on the lower side, and the structure of the lower discharge plug is the same as that of the middle discharge plug.

[0013] Further set as: a discharge tooth ring is rotationally installed on the grinding box corresponding to the front discharge port, a motor is installed outside the grinding box corresponding to the discharge tooth ring, and a driving tooth that meshes with the discharge tooth ring is installed at the output end of the motor.

[0014] Further set as: a matching hole that matches the front discharge port is provided on the discharge tooth ring, and a guiding groove that is rotationally connected is provided on the grinding box corresponding to the annular track of the discharge tooth ring.

[0015] The present invention also proposes a multi-stage grinding method applicable to the processing of lithium battery raw materials, including the following steps: S1: The lithium battery raw materials enter the grinding area A to complete the primary grinding; S2: The semi-finished raw materials after the primary grinding enter the grinding area B to complete the secondary grinding; S3: In S1, the grinding gap is adjusted through the adjustable component according to the grinding requirements; S4: The discharge position is selected according to the grinding requirements.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This invention addresses the technical problems of low single-stage grinding efficiency, insufficient uniformity control, and poor equipment adaptability. It achieves irregular jumping and shredding of battery raw materials through staggered collision cutting, and simultaneously assists with adjustable components to dynamically adjust the grinding gap. It can also perform secondary grinding according to grinding requirements. The advantages are: battery raw materials can be continuously ground twice, and the dynamic adjustment based on the degree of grinding during the grinding process improves grinding efficiency and uniform grinding control.

[0018] 2. In the multi-stage grinding process, the battery material in grinding zone A undergoes its first grinding between the upper and lower grinding discs rotating in opposite directions. The collision and cutting action of the staggered grinding blades causes the battery material to be irregularly shredded and jerked. The volume of grinding zone A, formed by the upper and lower grinding discs, can be adjusted via adjustable components, thereby dynamically adjusting the "grinding degree" during the first grinding process to accommodate materials of different hardness. The battery material after the first grinding continues into grinding zone B, where it undergoes a second grinding process with finer grinding blades. This results in double grinding, meaning that a second grinding process can be completed after dynamically adjusting the grinding degree. The two grinding processes are performed continuously and can be graded, thereby improving grinding efficiency and uniform grinding control. This solves the problems of poor adaptability and low efficiency of single-stage grinding in traditional grinding equipment.

[0019] 3. To determine whether the current finished product meets the grinding requirements, the material discharge selection is performed using the upper, middle, and lower discharge structures. This allows for the determination of the discharge position at the time points after the first grinding, during the first grinding, and after the second grinding, ensuring accurate grinding grading to achieve the purpose of fine grinding. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable grinding assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the front discharge mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and installation of the middle discharge mechanism of the upper grinding disc of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the raw material grinding state according to the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Grinding box; 2. Feed hopper; 3. Discharge gear ring; 4. Motor; 5. Drive gear; 6. Upper grinding base; 7. Lower grinding base; 8. Chassis; 9. Middle discharge plug; 10. Lower discharge plug; 11. Electric push rod; 12. Upper grinding disc; 13. Lower grinding disc; 14. Grinding blade; 15. Pin; 16. Front discharge port; 17. Fixing frame; 18. Guide groove; 19. Mating hole; 20. Connecting rod; 21. Spiral rubber strip; 22. Transfer groove. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1: To address the problems of low efficiency, insufficient uniformity control, and poor equipment adaptability in single-stage grinding, the following technical solution is proposed: (Refer to...) Figure 1 - Figure 7 As shown, the multi-stage grinding device applicable to lithium battery raw material processing in this embodiment includes a grinding box 1. The grinding box 1 is provided with two sets of upper grinding seats 6 and lower grinding seats 7 at intervals. The upper grinding seats 6 and lower grinding seats 7 are symmetrically provided with settling intervals on their adjacent sides. The upper grinding seat 6 is equipped with an upper grinding disc 12 through an adjustable component on the outside of the settling interval, and the lower grinding seat 7 is fixedly equipped with a lower grinding disc 13 on the outside of the settling interval.

[0031] The adjustable component is used to adjust the grinding gap between the upper grinding disc 12 and the lower grinding disc 13. The upper and lower grinding discs 12 and 13 respectively form grinding zone A and grinding zone B. With this setting of grinding zone A and grinding zone B, the grinding material injected from top to bottom is immediately subjected to secondary grinding after completing one grinding. During the grinding process, the dynamic grinding of lithium battery material is completed through the dynamically adjustable grinding gap, thereby achieving high grinding efficiency and adapting to the grinding requirements of materials with different hardness.

[0032] Reference Figure 3and Figure 4 As shown, the adjustable component includes an electric push rod 11 and a pin 15 disposed on the upper end of the upper grinding disc 12. The output end of the electric push rod 11 and the bottom end of the cylinder are both equipped with hinges. The hinges are spherically rotatably connected to the upper grinding base 6 and the upper grinding disc 12. The pin 15 is disposed in the middle of the outer circumference of the upper grinding disc 12 and is rotatably connected to the upper grinding base 6.

[0033] Both upper grinding seats 6 and lower grinding seats 7 are equipped with drive components in the axial direction, and the drive components drive the upper grinding seats 6 or lower grinding seats 7 to rotate at high speed. It should be explained that this case is based on an improved design of a multi-stage grinding structure. The drive components here are not marked in the schematic diagram, but those skilled in the art can make solutions according to the actual mechanical design specifications to ensure that both upper grinding seats 6 and lower grinding seats 7 can achieve high-speed rotation in opposite directions to achieve the grinding purpose. No further details are provided.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, grinding blades 14 are attached to the outer surfaces of the upper grinding disc 12 and the lower grinding disc 13, and the grinding blades 14 are provided with centrifugal grooves arranged in a staggered manner.

[0035] The grinding blades 14 in the same group are staggered in the projection direction. The purpose of this arrangement is to enable the battery materials in grinding zone A and grinding zone B to form irregular collisions and shredding. In this process, the battery materials are also driven to change position in a centrifugal direction during grinding, ultimately completing the fine grinding of the materials in the battery material processing. This will be explained in detail below:

[0036] The battery raw materials first enter the grinding zone A through the feed hopper 2. The drive component drives the upper grinding seat 6 and the lower grinding seat 7 to rotate at high speed in different directions. At this time, the battery raw materials in the grinding zone A complete the first grinding between the upper grinding disc 12 and the lower grinding disc 13 rotating in opposite directions. The collision and cutting of the interlaced grinding blades 14 enables the battery raw materials to achieve irregular jumping and shredding.

[0037] During this process, the volume of the grinding zone A composed of the upper grinding disc 12 and the lower grinding disc 13 can also be adjusted by the adjustable components. Specifically, by activating the electric push rod 20, the electric push rod 20 drives the upper grinding disc 12 to complete the folding process during the grinding process. In the first grinding process, the "grinding degree" can be dynamically adjusted to accommodate the grinding of materials with different hardness. Moreover, it can reduce the formation of a wide particle distribution range and agglomeration, and complete repeated grinding with dynamic grinding action.

[0038] According to the grinding requirements, the battery raw materials that have undergone the first grinding continue to enter the grinding zone B. The battery raw materials in the grinding zone B are subjected to a second grinding by a more refined grinding blade 14, thus achieving double grinding. That is, based on the dynamic adjustment of the grinding degree, a second grinding process can be completed. The two grinding processes are carried out continuously and can be carried out in stages, thereby improving grinding efficiency and uniform grinding control, and solving the problems of poor adaptability and low efficiency of single-stage grinding in traditional grinding equipment.

[0039] Basic principle: with attachment Figure 2 The method involves staggered collision cutting to achieve irregular jumping and shredding of battery materials. Simultaneously, adjustable components are used to dynamically adjust the grinding gap. Secondary grinding can also be performed according to grinding requirements. The advantages are that battery materials can be continuously ground twice, and the dynamic adjustment based on the degree of grinding during the grinding process improves grinding efficiency and uniform grinding control.

[0040] Example 2: To meet grinding requirements, and to ensure accurate grinding and grading to achieve the goal of fine grinding, the following technical solution is proposed: (Refer to...) Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the outer circumference of the upper grinding seat 6 and the lower grinding seat 7 located on the upper side is provided with a front discharge port 16. The front discharge port 16 corresponds to the gap between the two adjacent sets of upper grinding discs 12 and lower grinding discs 13. A feed hopper 2 is installed in the middle of the upper end of the grinding box 1. A pre-installed cylinder housing 8 is suspended in the middle of the feed hopper 2.

[0041] The cylinder output end faces downward and is connected to a middle discharge plug 9 that matches the opening in the middle of the upper lower grinding seat 7 via a connecting rod 20. The upper lower grinding seat 7 has a transfer groove 22 that matches the middle discharge plug 9 through the opening. The lower lower grinding seat 7 has a lower discharge plug 10 installed in the middle opening. The structure of the lower discharge plug 10 is the same as that of the middle discharge plug 9.

[0042] As described above, the front discharge port 16 and the middle discharge plug 9 are used to select whether the current grinding product meets the grinding requirements for discharge. During this process, the front discharge port 16 and the middle discharge plug 9 are in opposing opening and closing states, that is, the front discharge port 16 and the middle discharge plug 9 are in an open and closed state, not in a simultaneous opening or closing state. Therefore, after a single grinding, the option of direct discharge or secondary grinding can be selected. The lower discharge plug 10 is set to complete the final discharge after the secondary grinding is completed.

[0043] Reference Figure 6As shown, the cross-section of the transfer groove 22 is in a "匚" shape. A spiral rubber strip 21 is provided on the outer circumference of the middle discharge plug 9, and a spiral groove matching the spiral rubber strip 21 is provided through an opening in the lower grinding base 7 located below. The spiral rubber strip 21 on the middle discharge plug 9 and the spiral groove on the lower grinding base 7 are matched, and the spiral rubber strip 21 has a deformable function and can seal the grinding areas A and B during this process to prevent the leakage of the ground and crushed finished product;

[0044] Referring to Figure 5 As shown, a discharge gear ring 3 is rotatably installed on the grinding box 1 corresponding to the front discharge port 16. A motor 4 is installed outside the grinding box 1 corresponding to the discharge gear ring 3. A driving gear 5 meshing with the discharge gear ring 3 is installed at the output end of the motor 4. A matching hole 19 matching the front discharge port 16 is provided on the discharge gear ring 3, and a guiding groove 18 rotatably connected is provided on the grinding box 1 corresponding to the annular rail of the discharge gear ring 3;

[0045] Referring to the above, the process of discharging materials after one grinding process is as follows: At this time, the motor 4 is started to drive the driving gear 5 to rotate. The driving gear 5 then drives the discharge gear ring 3 to rotate until the matching hole 19 is aligned with the front discharge port 16. The grinding raw materials in the grinding area A are discharged through the front discharge port 16 under the continuous rotational centrifugal force and can be collected;

[0046] The effect is that for grinding requirements, the discharge selection of whether the current grinding finished product meets the grinding requirements is specifically completed through the discharge structures in the upper, middle, and lower parts, and the discharge position can be determined at the time nodes after one grinding, during one grinding, and after secondary grinding, ensuring that the grinding classification is accurate and the purpose of fine grinding is achieved.

[0047] Embodiment 3: Combining the technical contents of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, this embodiment also proposes a multi-stage grinding method applicable to the processing of lithium battery raw materials, including the following steps:

[0048] S1: The lithium battery raw materials enter the grinding area A to complete the primary grinding. The battery raw materials first enter the grinding area A through the feeding hopper 2. The driving component drives the upper grinding base 6 and the lower grinding base 7 to rotate at high speeds in different directions. At this time, the battery raw materials in the grinding area A complete the first grinding between the oppositely rotating upper grinding disc 12 and the lower grinding disc 13, and the irregular jumping and crushing of the battery raw materials can be realized by the collision cutting of the alternately arranged grinding blades 14;

[0049] S2: The semi-finished raw materials after the primary grinding enter the grinding area B to complete the secondary grinding. The battery raw materials after the first grinding continue to enter the grinding area B. The battery raw materials in the grinding area B are then subjected to more refined grinding blades 14 to complete the second grinding, and finally double grinding is achieved;

[0050] S3: In S1, the grinding gap is adjusted by the adjustable component according to the grinding requirements. During this process, the volume of the grinding zone A composed of the upper grinding disc 12 and the lower grinding disc 13 can also be adjusted by the adjustable component. Specifically, by activating the electric push rod 20, the electric push rod 20 drives the upper grinding disc 12 to complete the folding process during the grinding process, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the "grinding degree" during the first grinding process, so as to be compatible with the grinding of materials with different hardness. Moreover, it can also reduce the formation of a wide particle distribution range and agglomeration, and complete repeated grinding with dynamic grinding action.

[0051] S4: Select the discharge position according to the grinding requirements. During this process, the front discharge port 16 and the middle discharge plug 9 are in opposing opening and closing states, that is, the front discharge port 16 and the middle discharge plug 9 are in an open and closed state, not in a simultaneous opening or closing state. Therefore, after a single grinding, you can choose to discharge directly or perform a second grinding process. The lower discharge plug 10 is set to complete the final discharge after the second grinding is completed.

[0052] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to specific implementations. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-stage grinding apparatus suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials, comprising a grinding box (1), characterized in that, Inside the grinding box (1), two sets of upper grinding seats (6) and lower grinding seats (7) are arranged at intervals. On the adjacent sides of the upper grinding seat (6) and the lower grinding seat (7), settling intervals are symmetrically opened. The upper grinding seat (6) is provided with an upper grinding disc (12) installed by an adjustable component on the outer side of the settling interval. The lower grinding seat (7) is fixedly installed with a lower grinding disc (13) on the outer side of the settling interval. And between the upper and lower two sets of upper grinding discs (12) and lower grinding discs (13), grinding areas A and grinding areas B are respectively formed; The adjustable component includes an electric push rod (11) and a pin shaft (15) arranged at the upper end of the upper grinding disc (12). Hinged parts are installed at the output end and the bottom end of the cylinder barrel of the electric push rod (11). The hinged parts are spherically rotatably connected to both the upper grinding seat (6) and the upper grinding disc (12). The pin shaft (15) is arranged in the middle of the outer circumference of the upper grinding disc (12) and is rotatably connected to the upper grinding seat (6). The adjustable component is used to adjust the grinding gap between the upper grinding disc (12) and the lower grinding disc (13); On the axial direction of the two sets of upper grinding seats (6) and lower grinding seats (7), driving components are installed, and the driving components drive the upper grinding seat (6) or the lower grinding seat (7) to rotate at a high speed; On the outer circumference of the adjacent sides of the upper grinding seat (6) and the lower grinding seat (7) in the upper position, a front discharge port (16) is jointly opened. The front discharge port (16) corresponds to the gaps between two adjacent sets of upper grinding discs (12) and lower grinding discs (13); In the middle of the upper end of the grinding box (1), a feed hopper (2) is installed. In the middle of the feed hopper (2), a machine box (8) with a pre-installed air cylinder is suspended. The output end of the air cylinder faces downward and is connected by a connecting rod (20) to a middle discharge plug (9) that matches the middle opening of the lower grinding seat (7) in the upper position. The lower grinding seat (7) in the upper position is provided with a transfer groove (22) that matches the middle discharge plug (9) through the opening; The cross-section of the transfer groove (22) is in the shape of a "匚". A spiral rubber strip (21) is arranged on the outer circumference of the middle discharge plug (9). And the lower grinding seat (7) in the lower position is provided with a spiral groove that matches the spiral rubber strip (21) through the opening; A lower discharge plug (10) is installed at the middle opening of the lower grinding seat (7) in the lower position. The structure of the lower discharge plug (10) is the same as that of the middle discharge plug (9); The grinding box (1) is rotatably installed with a discharge tooth ring (3) corresponding to the front discharge port (16). An electric motor (4) is installed outside the grinding box (1) corresponding to the discharge tooth ring (3). The output end of the electric motor (4) is installed with a driving tooth (5) that meshes with the discharge tooth ring (3).

2. The multi-stage grinding apparatus for processing lithium battery raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, Grinding blades (14) are adhesively installed on the outer surfaces of the upper grinding disc (12) and the lower grinding disc (13). And centrifugal direction knife grooves are arranged on the grinding blades (14). The knife groove opening directions of the upper and lower two sets of grinding blades (14) are arranged in a staggered manner.

3. The multi-stage grinding apparatus for processing lithium battery raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, A matching hole (19) that matches the front discharge port (16) is opened on the discharge tooth ring (3). A guiding groove (18) for rotational connection is opened on the grinding box (1) corresponding to the annular track of the discharge tooth ring (3).

4. A multi-stage grinding method suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials, characterized in that, The multi-stage grinding apparatus for processing lithium battery raw materials as described in any one of claims 1-3 includes the following steps: S1: Lithium battery raw materials enter grinding zone A to complete the initial grinding; S2: The semi-finished raw material after the initial grinding enters grinding zone B to complete the secondary grinding; S3: In S1, the grinding gap is adjusted according to the grinding requirements through the adjustable components; S4: Select the discharge location according to the grinding requirements.

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