Silicon block crusher

Abstract

The invention discloses a silicon block crusher, and relates to the technical field of silicon block crushing, the silicon block crusher comprises a feeding mechanism, a crusher bin, a discharging roller way and a screening slideway, the feeding mechanism comprises a loading platform, a first-stage feeding roller way and a second-stage feeding roller way, and a feeding port is formed in the top of the crusher bin; a first crushing mechanism and a second crushing mechanism are arranged in the crusher bin, a discharging port is formed in the bottom of the crusher bin, a discharging roller way is arranged at the bottom of the discharging port, and a screening sliding way is arranged below the other end of the discharging roller way. Through the arrangement of the feeding mechanism and the discharging roller way, automatic feeding and discharging of silicon materials can be achieved, the special angle design of the guide plate and the first crushing hammer head can prevent silicon blocks from smashing the hammer head of the crusher to cause equipment damage during feeding, and the second crushing mechanism can crush the silicon blocks for the second time; the screening slide way is provided with a strong magnetic block for adsorbing scrap iron generated in the production process, and the purity of finished products is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of silicon block crushing, in particular to a silicon block crusher. Background Art

[0002] Industrial silicon, also known as metallic silicon, is made by drying and smelting silicon mud. Specifically, wet silicon mud is placed in a special oven for drying, and then transferred to a medium frequency furnace for smelting and impurity removal. Silica mud is a low-temperature antioxidant, which is usually soft, delicate, light, porous, and highly absorbent. The dried silicon is very easy to generate dust when exposed to the air, while the industrial silicon smelted in a medium frequency furnace has the characteristics of being hard and brittle. In view of the different characteristics of silicon materials at different stages of the industrial silicon production process, there are still many problems that need to be solved in the processes of drying, transportation, smelting, and crushing.

[0003] In the material crushing stage, since the smelted silicon blocks have the characteristics of high hardness and high brittleness, high requirements are placed on the crushing equipment. Referring to the Chinese invention patent, the publication number "CN 118807887 A" discloses "a silicon block crusher", including a first crushing roller group, a second crushing roller group, a material guide layer, a coarse particle conveying trough, a fine particle conveying trough, a material discharge channel, etc. The invention uses the first crushing roller group for preliminary extrusion and crushing, and then passes through the secondary crushing roller group for secondary crushing. The crushed silicon block particles continue to fall into the coarse screen barrel. The blades contained in the rapidly rotating coarse screen barrel completely crush the insufficiently crushed particles, and the vibrating fine screen is used for size screening. The fine particles fall down and are discharged, and the large particles are discharged along the fine screen, achieving the purpose of sufficient crushing. Its structure is simple and easy to use, which is conducive to the production of polysilicon, saves manpower and time, and facilitates the use of equipment.

[0004] However, in actual use, this technical solution requires manual feeding operation on the top of the crushing bin, which is inefficient. The materials fall naturally during feeding. Due to the high hardness of the silicon block, the crusher hammer is easily damaged, which greatly reduces the service life of the crusher. Secondly, the crushing mechanism inside the crusher will inevitably wear out during long-term use, and the fine iron powder dropped from the hammer will mix into the crushed material, affecting the purity of the product. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a silicon block crusher to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A silicon block crusher comprises a feeding mechanism, a crusher bin, a discharge roller and a screening slide, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises a loading platform, a primary feeding roller and a secondary feeding roller, a feeding port is arranged on the top of the crusher bin, a first crushing mechanism and a second crushing mechanism are arranged in the crusher bin, a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the crusher bin, a discharge roller is arranged at the bottom of the discharge port, a screening slide is arranged below the other end of the discharge roller, and the primary feeding roller, the secondary feeding roller and the discharge roller 3 are all driven by motors with the same speed to convey materials.

[0008] Preferably, the loading platform comprises a bracket, a square tray with an opening at the front is arranged on the top of the bracket, and a hydraulic lifting rod is fixedly connected to the rear side of the bottom of the tray.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the first-level loading roller is located below the loading platform, one end of the second-level loading roller is arranged below the other end of the first-level loading roller, and a material guide plate is arranged at the other end of the second-level loading roller, and the material guide plate extends to above the feed port.

[0010] Preferably, the meshing portion of the first crushing mechanism is located below the feed port, the second crushing mechanism is provided below the first crushing mechanism, and the meshing portion of the second crushing mechanism is located above the discharge port.

[0011] Preferably, the first crushing mechanism comprises a first rotor disk and a first crushing hammer head, a plurality of tooth-shaped hammer heads are fixedly installed around the outer circumference of the first rotor disk, and the first crushing hammer head is fixed on the hammer head seat, so that the first crushing hammer head is arranged obliquely to the tangent direction of the contact point with the first rotor disk; the second crushing mechanism comprises a second rotor disk and a second crushing hammer head, a plurality of second crushing hammer heads are fixedly installed around the outer circumference of the second rotor disk, and the second crushing hammer heads are arranged perpendicular to the tangent direction of the contact point with the second rotor disk.

[0012] Preferably, the first rotor disk is consistent in size with the second rotor disk, and the second crushing hammer head is arranged at a density greater than that of the first crushing hammer head.

[0013] Preferably, the screening slide frame is fixedly welded to the metal supporting legs by four springs, a vibration mechanism is provided at the bottom of the screening slide, a screen plate is provided at the front end of the screening slide, a strong magnetic block is fixedly connected above the screen plate, a dust collection channel is provided below the screen plate, and the screening slide is provided with a downward inclination.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. In the present invention, automatic loading is achieved by setting a loading roller and a unloading roller. The multi-stage roller can make the silicon blocks enter the crushing mechanism more evenly. The guide plate arranged at the feeding port can guide the silicon blocks to fall into the crusher accurately and slow down the falling speed of the silicon materials. The first crushing hammer head is inclined in the tangential direction of the contact point of the first rotor disk, so that it can follow the falling direction of the material, lift and receive the falling silicon blocks, and prevent the silicon blocks from hitting the hammer head and causing damage to the equipment.

[0016] 2. In the present invention, a strong magnetic block is arranged on the front side of the screening slide, which cooperates with the high-speed vibration of the vibration mechanism to absorb the scrap iron generated by the wear of the first crushing mechanism and the second crushing mechanism in the crusher bin. A sieve plate is arranged on the front side of the screening slide, and a dust collecting channel is arranged under the sieve plate. Silicon materials with too small diameters fall into the dust collecting channel under the sieve plate for secondary recovery, and silicon materials with larger diameters and meeting the conditions are put into bags along the screening slide. The setting of the strong magnetic block also improves the purity of the finished product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the crusher chamber in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feed inlet in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first crushing mechanism in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second crushing mechanism in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the first crushing mechanism in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a detailed cross-sectional view of the connection between the first crushing hammer head and the first rotor disk in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the second crushing mechanism in the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1. feeding mechanism; 11. bracket; 12. square tray; 13. primary feeding roller; 14. secondary feeding roller; 15. guide plate; 2. crusher chamber; 21. feed port; 22. first crushing mechanism; 221. first rotor disk; 222. first crushing hammer; 223. hammer seat; 23. second crushing mechanism; 231. second rotor disk; 232. second crushing hammer; 3. unloading roller; 4. screening slide; 41. spring; 42. vibration mechanism; 43. screen plate; 44. strong magnetic block; 45. dust collection channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] See also Figures 1 to 8 In an embodiment of the present invention, a silicon block crusher includes a feeding mechanism 1, a crusher bin 2, a discharge roller 3, and a screening chute 4. The feeding mechanism 1 includes a loading platform, a primary feeding roller 13, and a secondary feeding roller 14. A feeding port 21 is provided at the top of the crusher bin 2. A first crushing mechanism 22 and a second crushing mechanism 23 are provided in the crusher bin 2. A discharge port is provided at the bottom of the crusher bin 2. A discharge roller 3 is provided at the bottom of the discharge port. A screening chute 4 is provided below the other end of the discharge roller 3. The primary feeding roller 13, the secondary feeding roller 14, and the discharge roller 3 are all driven by motors with the same speed to convey materials.

[0028] The loading platform includes a bracket 11 , a square tray 12 with an opening at the front side is arranged on the top of the bracket 11 , and a hydraulic lifting rod is fixedly connected to the rear side of the bottom of the tray 12 .

[0029] Among them, one end of the primary loading roller 13 is located below the loading platform, one end of the secondary loading roller 14 is arranged below the other end of the primary loading roller 13, and a guide plate 15 is arranged at the other end of the secondary loading roller 14, and the guide plate 15 extends above the feed port. Due to the high height of the crusher bin 2, multiple loading rollers are required to be lifted to the feed port 21, and the multiple loading rollers can make the silicon blocks more evenly transported, and the guide plate 15 not only guides the silicon material to fall into the crusher bin 2, but also reduces the material descent speed, ensuring the safety of the crushing mechanism.

[0030] The meshing part of the first crushing mechanism 22 is located below the feed port, the second crushing mechanism 23 is arranged below the first crushing mechanism 22, and the meshing part of the second crushing mechanism 23 is located above the discharge port.

[0031] The first crushing mechanism 22 includes a first rotor disk 221 and a first crushing hammer 222. A plurality of tooth-shaped hammer seats 223 are fixedly installed around the outer circumference of the first rotor disk 221. The first crushing hammer 222 is fixed on the hammer seat 223, so that the first crushing hammer 222 is set at an angle to the tangent direction of the contact point with the first rotor disk 221. Since the fracture toughness of silicon is very close to that of glass, brittle fracture is prone to occur along a specific crystal plane, but its own hardness is relatively high. The above setting method makes the first crushing hammer present an angle α with the tangent position of the contact point, which can not only avoid the direct collision between the hammer head and the silicon block, but also can squeeze and crush the silicon block at a certain angle. The second crushing mechanism 23 includes a second rotor disk 231 and a second crushing hammer 232. A plurality of second crushing hammers 232 are fixedly installed around the outer circumference of the second rotor disk 231. The second crushing hammer 232 is set perpendicular to the tangent direction of the contact point with the second rotor disk 231.

[0032] Among them, the first rotor disk 221 and the second rotor disk 232 are of the same size, the density of the second crushing hammer heads 232 on the second rotor disk 231 is higher than the density of the first crushing hammer heads 222 on the first rotor disk 221, the first crushing mechanism 22 runs at a low speed, and the speed of the second crushing mechanism 23 can be higher than the speed of the first crushing mechanism 22. The high density setting of the second crushing hammer heads and the high speed of the second crushing mechanism can fully crush the silicon blocks that cannot be fully crushed by the first crushing mechanism 22.

[0033] Among them, the frame of the screening slide 4 is fixedly welded to the metal supporting legs through four springs 41, a vibration mechanism 42 is arranged at the bottom of the screening slide 4, a screen plate 43 is arranged at the front end of the screening slide 4, a strong magnetic block 44 is fixedly connected above the screen plate 43, a dust collection channel 45 is arranged below the screen plate 43, and the screening slide 4 is arranged with a downward inclination.

[0034] The working principle of the present invention is: the loading platform is lifted on one side by a hydraulic lifting rod, and the silicon block automatically rolls down to the first-level loading roller 13 due to gravity. The silicon block is lifted once by the first-level loading roller 13 and falls into the second-level loading roller 14. The silicon block is lifted twice and falls into the crusher feed port 21 through the guide plate 15, which can realize the automatic delivery of materials to the crusher bin 2 at a high position, reduce manpower requirements, reduce labor costs, and reduce material waste caused by human errors. The first crusher hammer 221 in the low-speed first crushing mechanism 22, due to the angle α with the contact point, the hammer itself can drag the falling silicon block, avoid the silicon material directly hitting the hammer and causing damage, and can squeeze and crush the silicon block. The second crushing mechanism 23 has a higher density second crusher hammer 231 and increases its own rotation speed, which can fully crush the silicon material. A strong magnetic block 44 is arranged on the front side of the screening slide 4. With the high-speed vibration of the vibration mechanism 42, the strong magnetic block 44 can absorb the scrap iron generated by the wear of the first crushing mechanism and the second crushing mechanism in the crusher bin. A screen plate 43 is arranged on the front side of the screening slide, and a dust collecting channel 45 is arranged under the screen plate. Silicon materials with too small diameters fall into the dust collecting channel 45 under the screen plate. Such silicon materials do not meet the conditions, but can be smelted into silicon blocks for further use. Silicon materials with larger diameters and meeting the conditions are packed into bags along the screening slide 4.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A silicon block crusher, comprising a feeding mechanism (1), a crusher bin (2), a discharge roller (3), and a screening slideway (4), characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (1) comprises a loading platform, a primary feeding roller (13), and a secondary feeding roller (14); a feeding port (21) is arranged at the top of the crusher bin (2); a first crushing mechanism (22) and a second crushing mechanism (23) are arranged in the crusher bin (2); a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the crusher bin (2); a discharge roller (3) is arranged at the bottom of the discharge port; a screening slideway (4) is arranged below the other end of the discharge roller (3); the primary feeding roller (13), the secondary feeding roller (14), and the discharge roller (3) are all driven by motors with the same rotation speed to convey materials.

2. A silicon block crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading platform comprises a bracket (11), a square tray (12) with an opening at the front side is arranged on the top of the bracket (11), and a hydraulic lifting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rear side of the square tray (12).

3. A silicon block crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the first-level loading roller (13) is located below the loading platform, one end of the second-level loading roller (14) is arranged below the other end of the first-level loading roller (13), and a guide plate (15) is arranged at the other end of the second-level loading roller (14), and the guide plate (15) extends to above the feed port.

4. A silicon block crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meshing position of the first crushing mechanism (22) is located below the feed port, the second crushing mechanism (23) is arranged below the first crushing mechanism (22), and the meshing position of the second crushing mechanism (23) is located above the discharge port.

5. The silicon block crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first crushing mechanism (22) comprises a first rotor disk (221) and a first crushing hammer (222); a plurality of toothed hammer seats (223) are fixedly mounted on the outer circumference of the first rotor disk (221); the first crushing hammer (222) is fixed on the hammer seat (223), so that the first crushing hammer (222) is arranged obliquely in the tangent direction of the contact point with the first rotor disk (221); the second crushing mechanism (23) comprises a second rotor disk (231) and a second crushing hammer (232); a plurality of second crushing hammers (232) are fixedly mounted on the outer circumference of the second rotor disk (231); the second crushing hammer (232) is arranged perpendicularly to the tangent direction of the contact point with the second rotor disk (231).

6. A silicon block crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first rotor disk (221) and the second rotor disk (232) are of the same size, the rotation speed of the first rotor disk (221) is lower than the rotation speed of the second rotor disk (232), and the density of the second crushing hammer head (232) is greater than that of the first crushing hammer head (222).

7. A silicon block crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening slide (4) frame is fixedly welded to the metal support legs via four springs (41); a vibration mechanism (42) is provided at the bottom of the screening slide (4); a screening plate (43) is provided at the front end of the screening slide (4); a strong magnetic block (44) is fixedly connected above the screening plate (43); a dust collection channel (45) is provided below the screening plate (43); and the screening slide (4) is provided with a downward inclination.

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