Mechanical pipe cleaning device

Abstract

The invention relates to a mechanical pipe cleaning device, and belongs to the technical field of pipe cleaning equipment. The pipe cleaning device is composed of a power section, a centralizing section and a scraping section which are arranged in sequence, and a jet flow spray head is arranged on the centralizing section; a packing cup is arranged on the power joint, a one-way valve is arranged on the packing cup at the tail end, and a circulation hole is formed in the packing cup at the front end of the one-way valve. The pipe cleaning device can form jet flow at the front end of the leather cup to impact chippings at the front end of the leather cup, so that the chippings flow forwards along with high-speed flowing water flow, and it is guaranteed that the chippings are not prone to being accumulated at the front end of the leather cup; scale on the oil conveying guide pipe is scraped and smashed into fine chippings through scraping and energy saving, the mobility of the chippings is improved, the chippings are further not prone to being accumulated at the front end of the leather cup, and it is guaranteed that the chippings are not prone to affecting operation of the device. Meanwhile, jet flow formed at the front end of the leather cup can be used for flushing, scales can be further cleaned, and the cleaning capacity is effectively enhanced. The problem that according to an existing pipe cleaning device, chippings are prone to accumulation, and operation is hindered is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a mechanical pipe cleaning device, belonging to the technical field of pipe cleaning equipment. Background Art

[0002] During the transportation of oil pipelines, solid hydrocarbons generally contain substances such as ozokerite, paraffin and paraffin oil that are easy to scale. As the temperature of the pipe wall decreases and the running time increases, paraffin, condensed oil, sand and other impurities will be deposited on the pipe wall. The fundamental reason for this phenomenon is that most of my country's crude oil has the characteristics of high pour point, high viscosity and wax content, and more than 90% of my country's crude oil generally has a high wax content, which greatly affects the efficiency of crude oil transportation. According to relevant statistics, paraffin separated from oil melts at about 40 degrees Celsius. As the temperature of oil decreases and the wax content increases, the viscosity of oil begins to increase and the fluidity decreases. Paraffin will be deposited on the wall of the oil pipeline, which will cause a significant reduction in the oil flow cross-section, which is easy to cause pipeline blockage and condensation between the oil transfer station, affecting the normal oil transportation. my country's oil resources are mainly distributed in the northern region. How to remove wax is the main problem facing oil transportation today. The current methods of preventing paraffin deposition cannot avoid scaling of oil pipelines, so the cleaning of oil pipelines is particularly important.

[0003] The scraping and cleaning device for oil pipelines is widely used in oil drilling technology. It is mainly used for scraping the pipe wall of oil and gas well pipes, removing attachments, cleaning chemicals, etc., and can effectively solve the problem of scaling of oil pipelines. The patent application with the announcement number CN118045825A discloses a cleaning device for oil and gas pipelines, which includes: a first front leather cup, a first rear leather cup, a second front leather cup and a second rear leather cup arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the pipeline, the first front leather cup and the first rear leather cup are connected by a cylinder, the first rear leather cup and the second front leather cup are connected by a flexible connector, a brush body is installed between the second front leather cup and the second rear leather cup, and the circumferential outer surface of the brush body is interference fit with the inner wall of the pipeline, the brush body is installed at the front end of a rotating shaft arranged along the axial direction of the pipeline, and an impeller is installed on the rear end of the rotating shaft. The invention improves the cleaning efficiency without affecting the overall operating speed of the device, and can also filter and collect the dust and debris removed to prevent dirt from mixing into the medium and affecting the quality of the pipeline transportation medium.

[0004] The above-mentioned cleaning device can scrape and clean the oil pipeline, but the debris generated by scraping and cleaning during cleaning is all concentrated in the cleaning device and the front end of the cleaning device. The longer the cleaning distance, the more debris there is in the cleaning device and the front end of the cleaning device. The accumulated debris will hinder the forward movement of the cleaning device. Therefore, it is necessary to redesign a mechanical cleaning device to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical pipe cleaning device which is not prone to debris accumulation and is not prone to affecting operation.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: A mechanical pipe cleaning device, which consists of a power joint, a scraping joint and a righting joint, and is characterized in that: a scraping joint is arranged at the front end of the power joint, and a righting joint is arranged between the scraping joint and the power joint; the righting joint and the scraping joint are connected by a universal joint; jet nozzles are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the righting joint; a plurality of leather cups are arranged on the power joint, a one-way valve is arranged on the leather cup at the end of the power joint, and flow holes are respectively arranged on the leather cups at the front end of the one-way valve.

[0007] The power section is composed of a power shell, a core shaft and a turbine. The core shaft is movably installed in the power shell through a straightening bearing, and the turbine is installed on the core shaft through a fixing ring.

[0008] The end face of the core shaft is provided with a central through hole, and a connecting hole A is provided on the circumference of the core shaft between the turbine and the centering bearing, and the connecting hole A is connected to the central through hole; the core shaft end at the front end of the connecting hole A is threadedly installed with a connecting sleeve, and the end of the connecting sleeve extends to the outside of the power casing.

[0009] The fixing ring is provided with a connecting hole B, and the power housing is provided with a liquid inlet, which is connected with the turbine through the connecting hole B and is connected with the central through hole.

[0010] The scraping section is composed of an adaptive adjustment mechanism, a scraper and a drill bit. The scrapers are evenly distributed on the adaptive adjustment mechanism, and the drill bit is arranged on the adaptive adjustment mechanism at the front end of the scraper.

[0011] The outer end surface of the scraper is a conical surface, and a scraping groove is arranged on the outer end surface of the scraper.

[0012] The drill bit is conical, and a spiral cutter groove is arranged on the circumferential surface of the drill bit.

[0013] The righting section is composed of an adaptive adjustment mechanism and a plurality of righting rollers.

[0014] The adaptive adjustment mechanism is composed of an outer shell, a supporting long rod, a slider, a connecting rod and a tension spring. The outer shell is in the shape of a cylinder with one end open and the other end closed. The supporting long rods are evenly installed on the circumference of the outer shell through pins, and a strip hole is provided on the outer shell at the rear end of the supporting long rod; a slider is provided in the outer shell, and the slider is connected to the supporting long rod through a connecting rod passing through the strip hole; a tension spring is provided in the outer shell at the front end of the slider.

[0015] The supporting long rod of the scraping section is movably connected to the scraper through a pin shaft; the supporting long rod of the righting section is movably connected to the righting roller; the end faces of the outer shell between the scraping section and the righting section are respectively connected to the universal joint through connecting plates; the end face of the outer shell of the righting section on one side of the power section is fixedly connected to the connecting sleeve extending to the outside of the power shell through the connecting plate and is connected to the center through the connecting sleeve; the outer shell of the righting section at the rear end of the slider is connected to the jet nozzle.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The mechanical pipe cleaning device can form a jet at the front end of the leather cup through the flow hole, the one-way valve and the jet nozzle, which impacts the debris at the front end of the leather cup, so that the debris flows forward with the high-speed water flow, ensuring that the debris is not easy to accumulate at the front end of the leather cup; the scale on the oil pipe is scraped and crushed into fine debris through scraping energy saving, increasing the fluidity of the debris, further making it difficult for the debris to accumulate at the front end of the leather cup, ensuring that the debris is not easy to affect the operation of the device. At the same time, the jet formed at the front end of the leather cup can flush the inner wall of the oil pipeline, and can further clean the scale on the inner wall of the oil pipeline through the jet, effectively enhancing the cleaning ability. It solves the problem that debris is easy to accumulate in the existing pipe cleaning device, resulting in obstruction of operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the power section of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the power joint of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing ring of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the scraping section of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the scraping section of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. universal joint, 2. jet nozzle, 3. leather cup, 4. one-way valve, 5. flow hole, 6. power housing, 7. core shaft, 8. turbine, 9. straightening bearing, 10. fixing ring, 11. center through hole, 12. connecting hole A, 13. connecting sleeve, 14. connecting hole B, 15. liquid inlet, 16. scraper, 17. drill bit, 18. scraping knife groove, 19. spiral knife groove, 20. straightening roller, 21. outer shell, 22. supporting long rod, 23. slider, 24. connecting rod, 25. tension spring, 26. strip hole, 27. connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The mechanical pipe cleaning device is composed of a power section, a scraping section and a straightening section. A scraping section is arranged at the front end of the power section, and a straightening section is arranged between the scraping section and the power section. The function of the power section is to provide the scraping section with rotational force and forward power through the power section under the impact of the fluid, thereby pushing the scraping section to move forward and rotate, so that the scraping section can rotate and scrape the inner wall of the pipeline during the forward movement in the pipeline, thereby cleaning the inner wall of the pipeline. The function of the straightening section is to straighten the scraping section and the power section through the straightening section. On the one hand, it is ensured that the power section is not easy to deviate, thereby ensuring the sealing between the power section and the inner wall of the pipeline, and on the other hand, by straightening the scraping section, the scraping of the scraping section is ensured, thereby ensuring the cleaning of the inner wall of the pipeline. The straightening section and the scraping section are connected by a universal joint 1, so that the universal joint 1 can transmit torque while enabling the scraping section and the straightening section to bend each other, thereby ensuring the passing capacity of the device at the turning point. The straightening section is evenly distributed with jet nozzles 2 in a ring shape, and the water flow ejected by the jet nozzles 2 impacts the debris formed by scraping and the inner wall of the pipe. By impacting the debris, the debris is carried by the jet to flow, the fluidity of the debris is enhanced, the accumulation of debris is avoided, and the movement resistance of the device is reduced; at the same time, by impacting the inner wall of the pipe, the inner wall of the pipe is further cleaned by jet impact after scraping and cleaning at the scraping section. A plurality of leather cups 3 are arranged on the power section, and a one-way valve 4 is arranged on the leather cup 3 at the end of the power section, and a flow hole 5 is respectively arranged on the leather cup 3 at the front end of the one-way valve 4. The function of the one-way valve 4 is to allow the high-pressure fluid at the rear end of the leather cup 3 to flow to the front end of the leather cup 3 through the one-way valve 4 in sequence, so that the fluid can carry the debris generated by scraping and flow forward, thereby avoiding the accumulation of debris at the front end of the leather cup 3, thereby reducing the movement resistance of the leather cup 3. The leather cup 3 can move forward under the impetus of the fluid, thereby pushing the debris at the front end of the leather cup 3 to move forward, thereby discharging the debris and ensuring that no debris remains in the pipeline after cleaning.

[0020] The power section is composed of a power casing 6, a core shaft 7 and a turbine 8. The core shaft 7 is movably installed in the power casing 6 through a straightening bearing 9. The turbine 8 is installed on the core shaft 7 through a fixing ring 10, so that the core shaft 7 is driven to rotate through the turbine 8 under the impact of the fluid, thereby outputting torque outwards through the rotating core shaft 7 to drive the scraping section to rotate.

[0021] A central through hole 11 is provided on the end face of the core shaft 7, and a connecting hole A12 is provided on the circumference of the core shaft 7 between the turbine 8 and the stabilizing bearing 9. The connecting hole A12 is connected to the central through hole 11 so that the fluid after impacting the turbine 8 can enter the central through hole 11 through the connecting hole A12 and then be discharged outward through the central through hole 11.

[0022] A connecting hole B14 is provided on the fixing ring 10, and a liquid inlet 15 is provided on the power housing 6. The liquid inlet 15 is connected to the turbine 8 and the central through hole 11 through the connecting hole B14. The function of the connecting hole B14 is to allow the fluid entering the liquid inlet 15 to enter the turbine 8 through the connecting hole B14, thereby driving the turbine 8 to rotate, thereby driving the core shaft 7 to rotate.

[0023] The scraping section is composed of an adaptive adjustment mechanism, a scraper 16 and a drill bit 17. The scrapers 16 are evenly distributed on the adaptive adjustment mechanism, and the drill bit 17 is arranged on the adaptive adjustment mechanism at the front end of the scraper 16. The function of the adaptive adjustment mechanism is to adjust the position of the scraper 16 through the adaptive adjustment mechanism so that the spacing between the scrapers 16 is adapted to the diameter of the inner wall of the pipeline, thereby enabling the scraper 16 to scrape the inner wall of the pipeline and also improving the passing capacity of the scraper 16 in the narrow part of the pipeline. The function of the drill bit 17 is to drill through the blockage of the inner wall of the pipeline through the drill bit 17, thereby maintaining the flow capacity of the fluid, so that the power section can always drive the scraping section to rotate, thereby maintaining the scraping capacity, that is, maintaining the cleaning capacity; at the same time, the rotating drill bit 17 cooperates with the scraper 16 to scrape the inner wall of the pipeline, thereby cleaning the inner wall of the pipeline.

[0024] The outer end surface of the scraper 16 is a conical surface, so that the inner wall of the pipe is gradually scraped by the scraper 16 with a conical surface, and the diameter of the inner wall of the pipe is gradually expanded from the front end of the scraper 16 to the rear end of the scraper 16, which reduces the scraping resistance on the one hand, and improves the passing capacity through the guidance of the conical surface on the other hand. A scraping groove 18 is arranged on the outer end surface of the scraper 16, so that the scraping ability of the scraper 16 is enhanced through the scraping groove 18, and the dirt on the inner wall of the pipe is cut into pieces through the scraping groove 18, thereby increasing the fluidity of the dirt.

[0025] The drill bit 17 is conical, and a spiral cutter groove 19 is provided on the circumferential surface of the drill bit 17 to increase the cutting and drilling ability of the drill bit 17 through the spiral cutter groove 19. Since the drill bit 17 is conical, the drill bit 17 can gradually scrape the inner wall of the pipe in the radial direction, thereby gradually removing the dirt on the inner wall of the pipe in the radial direction, expanding the diameter of the inner wall of the pipe, and drilling through the blocked inner wall of the pipe, thereby facilitating the scraping and cleaning of the scraper.

[0026] The righting section is composed of an adaptive adjustment mechanism and a plurality of righting rollers 20 .

[0027] The adaptive adjustment mechanism consists of an outer shell 21, a supporting long rod 22, a slider 23, a connecting rod 24 and a tension spring 25. The outer shell 21 is in the shape of a cylinder with one end open and the other end closed. The supporting long rods 22 are evenly installed on the circumference of the outer shell 21 through pins, and a strip hole 26 is provided on the outer shell 21 at the rear end of the supporting long rod 22; a slider 23 is provided in the outer shell 21, and the slider 23 is connected to the supporting long rod 22 through a connecting rod 24 passing through the strip hole 26; a tension spring 25 is provided in the outer shell 21 at the front end of the slider 23.

[0028] The supporting long rod 22 of the scraping section is movably connected to the scraper 16 via a pin.

[0029] The supporting long rod 22 of the straightening section is movably connected to the straightening roller 20 .

[0030] The end faces of the outer shell 21 between the scraping section and the straightening section are respectively connected to the universal joint 1 through the connecting plate 27. The tension spring 25 of the scraping section can pull the slider 23 through its own tension. During the movement of the slider 23, the slider 23 pulls the end of the supporting long rod 22 so that the supporting long rod 22 can be stretched outward under the action of the connecting rod 24, and then the scraper 16 is stretched outward through the outwardly stretched supporting long rod 22, so that the scraper 16 is pressed against the inner wall of the pipe, so that the scraper 16 can scrape the inner wall of the pipe, and the stretched state of the scraper 16 can be maintained by the tension spring 25. Since the scraper 16 is stretched out by the tension spring 25, when the scraper 16 encounters a narrow place, the scraper 16 can stretch the tension spring 25 to shrink inward, reduce the distance between the scrapers 16, and thus make the scraper 16 have better passability.

[0031] The end of the mandrel 7 at the front end of the connecting hole A12 is threadedly mounted with a connecting sleeve 13, and the end of the connecting sleeve 13 extends to the outside of the power housing 6. The end face of the outer shell 21 of the righting section on one side of the power section is fixedly connected to the connecting sleeve 13 extending to the outside of the power housing 6 through the connecting disk 27 and is connected to the central through hole 11 through the connecting sleeve 13; the outer shell 21 of the righting section at the rear end of the slider 23 is connected to the jet nozzle 2. Since the liquid inlet 15, the central through hole 11, the connecting sleeve 13, and the outer shell 21 of the righting section at the rear end of the slider 23 are connected in sequence, the fluid can enter the outer shell 21 of the righting section at the rear end of the slider 23 through the liquid inlet 15, the central through hole 11, and the connecting sleeve 13 in sequence. The fluid entering the outer shell 21 of the righting section at the rear end of the slider 23 can form a jet through the jet nozzle 2 under pressure, and the jet impacts the inner wall of the pipeline and the debris at the front end of the leather cup, on the one hand, the inner wall of the pipeline is cleaned, and on the other hand, the fluidity of the debris is enhanced by the jet, and the debris is pushed forward. Under the action of fluid pressure, the tension spring 25 of the straightening section can pull (or push) the slider 23 to move. During the movement of the slider 23, the slider 23 pulls the end of the supporting long rod 22 so that the supporting long rod 22 can be expanded outward under the action of the connecting rod 24, and then the straightening roller 20 is expanded outward through the outwardly expanded supporting long rod 22, so that the straightening roller 20 is pressed against the inner wall of the pipeline, straightening the straightening section, thereby straightening the scraping section and the power section, preventing the scraping section and the power section from shifting, and the stretched state of the scraper 16 can be maintained by the tension spring 25 and fluid pressure. Since the scraper 16 is stretched open by the tension spring 25 and the fluid pressure, when the scraper 16 encounters a narrow place, the straightening roller 20 can lengthen the tension spring 25 and can overcome the fluid pressure to shrink inward, thereby reducing the spacing between the straightening rollers 20, thereby making the straightening section have better passability; at the same time, since the straightening rollers 20 are stretched open by the tension spring 25 and the fluid pressure, the force acting on the straightening rollers 20 can be increased, thereby ensuring the straightening ability of the straightening section.

[0032] When the mechanical pipe cleaning device is working, the device is pushed into the pipeline. After the device enters the pipeline, fluid is injected into the pipeline at the rear end of the device and pressurized. The fluid injected into the pipeline pushes the leather cup 3 at the end of the power section, thereby pushing the device forward. A part of the fluid injected into the pipeline enters the power housing 6 through the liquid inlet 15, and a part of the fluid entering the power housing 6 enters the turbine 8 through the connecting hole B on the fixing ring 10, pushing the turbine 8 to rotate. The rotating turbine 8 drives the scraping section to rotate through the core shaft 7, the connecting sleeve 13, the connecting plate 27, the outer shell 21 of the straightening section, and the universal joint 1 in turn. The scraping section scrapes and cleans the pipeline through the scraper 16 and the drill bit 17 during the forward movement and rotation process. The fluid entering the turbine 8 drives the turbine 8 to rotate and enters the central through hole 11 of the core shaft 7 through the connecting hole A12. Another part of the fluid entering the power housing 6 enters the central through hole 11 and merges with the fluid entering the central through hole 11 through the connecting hole A12. The merged fluid enters the jet nozzle 2 through the central through hole 11, the connecting sleeve 13, and the outer shell 21 of the straightening section in turn, and is ejected outward through the jet nozzle 2 to impact the front end of the leather cup 3 and the inner wall of the pipeline. Another part of the fluid injected into the pipeline enters between the leather cups 3 through the one-way valve 4, flows forward through the flow hole 5 on the leather cup 3, and further pushes the debris to flow forward through the fluid.

[0033] The mechanical pipe cleaning device can form a jet at the front end of the leather cup 3 through the flow hole 5, the one-way valve 4 and the jet nozzle 2, which impacts the debris at the front end of the leather cup 3, so that the debris flows forward with the high-speed water flow, ensuring that the debris is not easy to accumulate at the front end of the leather cup; the scale on the oil pipe is scraped and crushed into fine debris through scraping energy saving, increasing the fluidity of the debris, further making it difficult for the debris to accumulate at the front end of the leather cup 3, ensuring that the debris is not easy to affect the operation of the device. At the same time, the jet formed at the front end of the leather cup can flush the inner wall of the oil pipeline, and can further clean the scale on the inner wall of the oil pipeline through the jet, effectively enhancing the cleaning ability. It solves the problem that debris is easy to accumulate in the existing pipe cleaning device, resulting in obstruction of operation.

Claims

1. A mechanical pigging device, which consists of a power section, a scraping section and a straightening section, and is characterized by: A scraping section is arranged at the front end of the power section, and a righting section is arranged between the scraping section and the power section; the righting section and the scraping section are connected via a universal joint (1); jet nozzles (2) are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the righting section; a plurality of leather cups (3) are arranged on the power section, a one-way valve (4) is arranged on the leather cup (3) at the end of the power section, and flow holes (5) are respectively arranged on the leather cups (3) at the front end of the one-way valve (4).

2. A mechanical pipe cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power section is composed of a power housing (6), a core shaft (7) and a turbine (8). The core shaft (7) is movably mounted in the power housing (6) via a centering bearing (9), and the turbine (8) is mounted on the core shaft (7) via a fixing ring (10).

3. A mechanical pipe cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end surface of the core shaft (7) is provided with a central through hole (11), and a connecting hole A (12) is provided on the circumference of the core shaft (7) between the turbine (8) and the centering bearing (9), and the connecting hole A (12) is connected to the central through hole (11); the end of the core shaft (7) at the front end of the connecting hole A (12) is threadedly mounted with a connecting sleeve (13), and the end of the connecting sleeve (13) extends to the outside of the power housing (6).

4. A mechanical pipe cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing ring (10) is provided with a connecting hole B (14), and the power housing (6) is provided with a liquid inlet (15). The liquid inlet (15) is connected to the turbine (8) and to the central through hole (11) through the connecting hole B (14).

5. A mechanical pipe cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The scraping section is composed of an adaptive adjustment mechanism, a scraper (16) and a drill bit (17); the scrapers (16) are evenly distributed on the adaptive adjustment mechanism, and the drill bit (17) is arranged on the adaptive adjustment mechanism at the front end of the scraper (16).

6. A mechanical pipe cleaning device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer end surface of the scraper (16) is in the form of a cone, and a scraping groove (18) is provided on the outer end surface of the scraper (16).

7. A mechanical pipe cleaning device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drill bit (17) is conical in shape, and a spiral cutter groove (19) is provided on the circumferential surface of the drill bit (17).

8. A mechanical pigging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The righting section is composed of an adaptive adjustment mechanism and a plurality of righting rollers (20).

9. A mechanical pipe cleaning device according to claim 5 or 8, characterized in that: The adaptive adjustment mechanism comprises an outer shell (21), a supporting long rod (22), a sliding block (23), a connecting rod (24) and a tension spring (25); the outer shell (21) is in the shape of a cylinder with one end open and the other end closed; the supporting long rods (22) are evenly mounted on the circumference of the outer shell (21) via pins; a strip hole (26) is provided on the outer shell (21) at the rear end of the supporting long rod (22); a sliding block (23) is provided in the outer shell (21); the sliding block (23) is connected to the supporting long rod (22) via a connecting rod (24) passing through the strip hole (26); and a tension spring (25) is provided in the outer shell (21) at the front end of the sliding block (23).

10. A mechanical pipe cleaning device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The supporting long rod (22) of the scraping section is movably connected to the scraper (16) via a pin shaft; the supporting long rod (22) of the righting section is movably connected to the righting roller (20); the end faces of the outer shell (21) between the scraping section and the righting section are respectively connected to the universal joint (1) via a connecting plate (27); the end face of the righting section outer shell (21) on one side of the power section is fixedly connected to a connecting sleeve (13) extending to the outside of the power shell (6) via a connecting plate (27) and is connected to the central through hole (11) via the connecting sleeve (13); the righting section outer shell (21) at the rear end of the slider (23) is connected to the jet nozzle (2).

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