Process for forging and forming vacuum chamber window flange

Abstract

The invention relates to a forging forming process for a vacuum chamber window flange. The forging forming process comprises the following steps that S1, raw materials are prepared; step S2, upsetting the forge piece; s3, drawing out the forge piece; s4, upsetting and punching the forge piece; s5, ring rolling of the forge piece; and S6, forge piece press forming is conducted, specifically, after the forge piece is placed into the tool die, the upper anvil presses the ring piece downwards, the ring piece is formed in the tool die, the press forming temperature of the forge piece is controlled to be 1020 + / -5 DEG C, and the total forging ratio range of the forge piece is 9.2-9.7. The forging method has the advantages that the forge piece is subjected to the means of upsetting drawing-out, upsetting and press forming, the forging ratio of the forge piece is strictly controlled, the defects of the forge piece are overcome, and the yield of the forge piece is improved. The material utilization rate is improved, and the grain size and the grain level difference of products can be effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of nuclear power equipment components, and in particular to a process for forging and forming a vacuum chamber window flange. Background Art

[0002] Nuclear fusion can provide clean, safe and cheap energy. With the development of technology, nuclear power equipment is also gradually updated. As the key device of the fusion reactor, the performance requirements of the flange used in the vacuum chamber are relatively high.

[0003] At present, this type of flange has the following main problems in the manufacturing process: the flange size is small. If free forging is used, the deformation is uneven and the grain size difference is large. If ring rolling is used, the deformation is too small and the grain size cannot meet the requirements. After forging, a large amount of machining methods are also required, the material utilization rate is low, and the waste of raw materials is serious.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention discloses a process for forging a vacuum chamber window flange.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A process for forging a vacuum chamber window flange comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step S1, raw material preparation;

[0009] Step S2, upsetting the forging;

[0010] Step S3, stretching the forging;

[0011] Step S4, upsetting and punching the forging;

[0012] Step S5, rolling the forging ring;

[0013] Step S6, forging forming, after the forging is placed in the tooling die, the upper anvil presses the ring downward, and the ring is formed in the tooling die. The forging forming temperature is controlled at 1020±5°C, and the total forging ratio of the forging is in the range of 9.2 to 9.7.

[0014] Further, in step S1, the raw materials include components according to the content percentage technology: C≤0.030%, Mn1.70-2.00%, Si≤0.35%, Cr17.3-17.5%, Mo2.00-2.50%, Ni12.00-12.50%, N0.06~0.08%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.008%, B≤0.001%, Cu≤0.30%, Co≤0.05%, Nb≤0.02%, Ta≤0.01%, Ti≤0.10, Al≤0.03%, and the balance is Fe.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, the forging ratio of the forging is in the range of 1.8 to 2.0.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S3, the forging ratio of the forging is in the range of 1.3 to 1.6.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S4, the forging ratio of the forging is in the range of 4.1 to 4.4.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S5, the forging ratio of the forging is in the range of 1.2 to 1.7.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S6, the size of the blank before pressing is first determined, D=2×(D1+D2-4R1) / π+2R1, d=2×(d1+d2-4r1) / π+2r1, wherein D is the outer diameter of the blank, d is the inner diameter of the blank, D1 is the length of the forging, d1 is the length of the inner hole of the forging, D2 is the width of the forging, D2 is the width of the inner hole of the forging, R1 is the chamfer radius of the outer edge of the forging, and r1 is the chamfer radius of the inner hole of the forging.

[0020] Furthermore, the tooling die includes a pair of stoppers and a pair of partitions, wherein the partitions are detachably arranged between the stoppers, and the stoppers and the partitions enclose a cavity for accommodating the forging.

[0021] Furthermore, dovetail grooves are arranged at intervals on two side surfaces of the stopper.

[0022] Furthermore, dovetails are provided at both ends of the partition, and the dovetails and dovetail grooves are inserted and matched.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. The forgings are subjected to the process of upsetting, drawing, upsetting and pressing, and the forging ratio of the forgings is strictly controlled to ensure the deformation of the forgings, effectively improve the organization and eliminate the defects such as looseness and shrinkage inside the ingot. The forgings can produce continuous and uniform deformation, and the grain size difference can also be effectively controlled. Finally, the pressing is completed under the limitation of the tooling die, which improves the material utilization rate and effectively ensures the product grain size and grain difference.

[0025] 2. Strictly control the element content in the alloy, especially the nickel equivalent and chromium equivalent, so as to control the ferrite and magnetic permeability of the product.

[0026] 3. Excessively high forging heating temperature will cause the grains of forgings to grow rapidly. Controlling the pressing temperature window can effectively inhibit the grain growth of forgings and make the forgings have better plasticity, which is convenient for pressing and prevents cracking.

[0027] 4. The forging ratio reaches 7.8, which effectively forges the white spots, shrinkage holes and other defects in the center of the ingot, making the material structure more uniform, the grains refined, and the mechanical properties of the forgings improved.

[0028] 5. During the forming process, the rolled forging is placed in the die, and the upper anvil presses the forging downward. The forging is formed in the die. Due to the restrictions of the blocks on the left and right sides, the forging can be formed successfully at one time. The blocks can be inserted into the dovetail grooves at different positions to change the distance between the two blocks, so as to be suitable for forming forgings of different thicknesses and reduce the investment in die production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the steps of a process for forging a vacuum chamber window flange.

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the forging's appearance and structure.

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the shape and structure of the target forging.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a top view of the tooling mold.

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the tooling die to accommodate forgings.

[0034] Figure 6 This is the metallographic image of the comparison sample.

[0035] Figure 7 This is the metallographic diagram of the product in Example 1.

[0036] Figure 8 For Chevretu.

[0037] In the figure: 1, stopper; 11, dovetail groove; 2, baffle; 21, dovetail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] A process for forging and forming a vacuum chamber window flange, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0041] Step S1, raw material preparation, the raw materials include components according to content percentage technology: C≤0.030%, Mn1.70-2.00%, Si≤0.35%, Cr17.3-17.5%, Mo2.00-2.50%, Ni12.00-12.50%, N0.06-0.08%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.008%, B≤0.001%, Cu≤0.30%, Co≤0.05%, Nb≤0.02%, Ta≤0.01%, Ti≤0.10, Al≤0.03%, and the balance is Fe.

[0042] The calculated nickel equivalent of the raw material is Nieq=Ni+30(C+N)+0.5Mn=15.6, and the chromium equivalent is Creq=Cr+Mo+1.5Si+0.5Nb=20.11. According to the Chevre diagram, the ferrite content is 0.

[0043] Chevretu, R. Figure 8 shown.

[0044] Step S2, forging upsetting, the forging is sent to the press for upsetting, the forging ratio is controlled at 2.0, and the final forging size is φ750mm*650mm.

[0045] Step S3, the forging is drawn. The forging is drawn in a drawing machine, and the forging ratio is controlled at 1.5. The final forging size is φ600mm*1000mm.

[0046] Step S4, forging upsetting and punching, the forging is sent to the press for upsetting again, and then punching is performed at the center of the forging, and the forging ratio is controlled at 4.3, such as Figure 2 As shown, the final forging size is φ1235mm*φ380mm*230mm.

[0047] Step S5, forging ring rolling, the forging is sent to the press ring rolling, and the forging ratio is controlled at 1.6. Figure 3 As shown, the final forging size is φ1597mm*φ847mm*170mm.

[0048] Step S6, forging forming, first determine the size of the blank before forming, D = 2 × (D1 + D2-4R1) / π + 2R1, d = 2 × (d1 + d2-4r1) / π + 2r1, where D is the outer diameter of the blank, d is the inner diameter of the blank, D1 is the length of the forging, d1 is the length of the inner hole of the forging, D2 is the width of the forging, D2 is the width of the inner hole of the forging, R1 is the chamfer radius of the outer edge of the forging, and r1 is the chamfer radius of the inner hole of the forging. Determine the inner and outer diameters of the rolling ring according to the principle of equal circumference.

[0049] like Figure 4As shown, the tooling die includes a pair of blocks 1 and a pair of partitions 2. The partitions 2 are detachably arranged between the blocks 1. The blocks 1 and the partitions 2 enclose a cavity for accommodating forgings. A plurality of dovetail grooves 11 are provided on the two sides of the block 1. The dovetail grooves 11 are evenly arranged. Dovetails 21 are provided at both ends of the partition 2. The dovetails 21 and the dovetail grooves 11 are inserted and matched. The partitions 2 can be inserted into the dovetail grooves 11 at different positions, and the block 1 can be flipped for use to adjust the distance between the two partitions 2, so that the tooling die can accommodate forgings of different thicknesses. When processing forgings of different thicknesses, there is no need to manufacture additional molds, which reduces costs.

[0050] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, after the forging is placed into the tooling die, the upper anvil presses the ring downward, and the ring is formed in the tooling die. The total forging ratio of the forging is approximately equal to 9.4. The forging forming temperature is controlled at 1020℃, which can effectively inhibit the grain growth of the forging and make the forging have good plasticity, facilitate forming and prevent cracking.

[0051] Embodiment 2:

[0052] The difference from Example 1 is:

[0053] Step S2, forging is upset, the forging is sent to a press for upset, and the forging ratio is controlled at 1.8.

[0054] Step S3, the forging is drawn, the forging is drawn in a drawing machine, and the forging ratio is controlled at 1.3.

[0055] Step S4, upsetting and punching the forging, sending the forging into the press for upsetting again, and then punching a hole at the center of the forging, and the forging ratio is controlled at 4.2.

[0056] Step S5, forging ring rolling, the forging is sent to the press for ring rolling, and the forging ratio is controlled at 1.5.

[0057] Step S6, forging forming, the forging forming temperature is controlled at 1020°C, and the total forging ratio is 8.8.

[0058] Embodiment 3:

[0059] The difference from Example 1 is:

[0060] Step S2, the forging is upset. The forging is fed into a press for upset, and the forging ratio is controlled at 2.0.

[0061] Step S3, the forging is drawn, the forging is drawn in a drawing machine, and the forging ratio is controlled at 1.5.

[0062] Step S4, forging upsetting and punching, the forging is sent to the press for upsetting again, and then a hole is punched at the center of the forging, and the forging ratio is controlled at 4.3.

[0063] Step S5, forging ring rolling, the forging is sent to the press for ring rolling, and the forging ratio is controlled at 1.7.

[0064] Step S6, forging forming, the forging forming temperature is controlled at 1020°C, and the total forging ratio is 9.5.

[0065] Forging performance testing:

[0066] Products that have been produced were randomly selected for testing, and the same flanges made by traditional technology were compared. The results are shown in Table 1:

[0067]

[0068] Test result analysis:

[0069] Room temperature performance: The tensile strength, elongation and elongation of the product are all higher than those of flanges manufactured by traditional methods, and the performance of the product is significantly higher than the index. And at room temperature, the impact energy of the product in the solid solution state and aging state far exceeds the standard.

[0070] High temperature performance: The tensile performance and elongation strength of the product at 150℃ and 250℃ exceed those of flanges manufactured by traditional methods and exceed the standards.

[0071] To sum up, it shows that the forgings are uniformly deformed, the defects that occur during the forging process are solved, and the effect of fine grain strengthening is fully exerted.

[0072] Metallographic inspection of forgings:

[0073] Control group: Flanges of the same size prepared using traditional technology were used as comparison samples.

[0074] Metallographic test results: Figure 6 As shown, the grain size is 3 to 5, and there is some mixed crystal structure in the structure.

[0075] Example: Randomly select flange products for testing.

[0076] Metallographic test results: Figure 7 As shown, the grain size is small, the structure is free of impure crystals and mixed crystals, and the structure is fine and uniform.

[0077] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0078] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A process for forging a vacuum chamber window flange, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, raw material preparation; Step S2, upsetting the forging; Step S3, stretching the forging; Step S4, upsetting and punching the forging; Step S5, rolling the forging ring; Step S6, forging forming, after the forging is placed in the tooling die, the upper anvil presses the ring downward, and the ring is formed in the tooling die. The forging forming temperature is controlled at 1020±5°C, and the total forging ratio of the forging is in the range of 9.2 to 9.

7.

2. The process for forging a vacuum chamber window flange according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the raw materials include components according to the content percentage technology: C≤0.030%, Mn1.70-2.00%, Si≤0.35%, Cr17.3-17.5%, Mo2.00-2.50%, Ni12.00-12.50%, N0.06-0.08%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.008%, B≤0.001%, Cu≤0.30%, Co≤0.05%, Nb≤0.02%, Ta≤0.01%, Ti≤0.10, Al≤0.03%, and the balance is Fe.

3. The process for forging a vacuum chamber window flange according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the forging ratio of the forging is in the range of 1.8 to 2.

0.

4. The process for forging a vacuum chamber window flange according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the forging ratio of the forging is in the range of 1.3 to 1.

6.

5. The process for forging a vacuum chamber window flange according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the forging ratio of the forging is in the range of 4.1 to 4.

4.

6. The process for forging a vacuum chamber window flange according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the forging ratio of the forging is in the range of 1.2 to 1.

7.

7. The process for forging a vacuum chamber window flange according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, first determine the size of the billet before pressing, D = 2×(D1+D2-4R1) / π+2R1, d = 2×(d1+d2-4r1) / π+2r1, where D is the outer diameter of the billet, d is the inner diameter of the billet, D1 is the length of the forging, d1 is the length of the inner hole of the forging, D2 is the width of the forging, D2 is the width of the inner hole of the forging, R1 is the chamfer radius of the outer edge of the forging, and r1 is the chamfer radius of the inner hole of the forging.

8. The process for forging a vacuum chamber window flange according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling die comprises a pair of stoppers and a pair of partitions, wherein the partitions are detachably arranged between the stoppers, and the stoppers and the partitions enclose a cavity for accommodating the forging.

9. A process for forging a vacuum chamber window flange according to claim 8, characterized in that: Dovetail grooves arranged at intervals are provided on two side surfaces of the stopper.

10. A process for forging a vacuum chamber window flange according to claim 9, characterized in that: Both ends of the partition are provided with dovetails, and the dovetails and dovetail grooves are inserted and matched.

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