Universal irregular curved surface welding shaping tool

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of sheet metal manufacturing in the field of spaceflight, and provides a general special-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool, which comprises a lower bottom plate and a central shaft arranged at the center of the lower bottom plate; at least one set of tensioning assemblies is arranged along the axial direction of the central shaft from top to bottom; the tensioning assembly comprises a guide sliding piece, an expansion petal and a wedge block; the guide sliding piece is sleeved on the central shaft and arranged above the lower bottom plate; the expansion petal is slidably arranged on the upper surface of the guide sliding piece; the wedge block is arranged above the guide sliding piece and sleeved on the central shaft, and can reciprocate along the axial direction of the central shaft; the outer circumferential surface of the wedge block is provided with a first inclined surface, the expansion petal is arranged on the outer circumference of the wedge block, the inner end of the expansion petal is provided with a second inclined surface matched with the first inclined surface, and the wedge block can push the expansion petal to slide along the radial direction of the central shaft to tension the annular thin-walled part; a positioning piece is detachably connected to the outer circumferential surface of the tensioning assembly, and the positioning piece is used for positioning the welding part.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of sheet metal manufacturing in the field of aerospace, and particularly relates to a general-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to the involvement of various types of parts in aerospace part welding and the difficulty in forming a scale due to the small quantity of a single type, during the forming of aerospace special-shaped parts, the special-shaped parts usually need to be divided into multiple parts for separate forming, and then assembled and welded after forming.

[0003] At present, the welding of aerospace parts requires high precision of welding equipment and high technical ability of welding personnel, especially for thin-walled sheet metal parts, which often deform seriously during welding, resulting in frequent scrapping of parts during welding, and making it difficult to control the cost and quality. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a special-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool to replace high-precision equipment and high-skilled personnel, so that ordinary equipment and personnel can solve the problem of product scrapping caused by serious welding deformation through the tool.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A general special-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool for positioning a ring-shaped thin-walled part with openings at both ends and a welding part, the general special-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool comprising:

[0007] a lower bottom plate and a central shaft arranged at the center of the lower bottom plate;

[0008] at least one set of tensioning assemblies arranged along the axial direction of the central shaft from top to bottom, the tensioning assemblies comprising a guide sliding piece, an expansion petal and a wedge block;

[0009] the guide sliding piece is sleeved on the central shaft and arranged above the lower bottom plate;

[0010] the expansion petal is slidably arranged on the upper surface of the guide sliding piece;

[0011] the wedge block is arranged above the guide sliding piece and sleeved on the central shaft, and the wedge block can reciprocate along the axial direction of the central shaft;

[0012] a first inclined surface is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the wedge block, the expansion petal is arranged on the outer circumference of the wedge block, the inner end of the expansion petal is provided with a second inclined surface matched with the first inclined surface, and the wedge block can push the expansion petal to slide along the radial direction of the central shaft to tension the ring-shaped thin-walled part when the wedge block descends;

[0013] A positioning member detachably connected to the outer circumferential surface of the tensioning assembly, the positioning member being used for positioning the welding member.

[0014] As preferably, the universal irregular curved surface welding shaping tool further comprises an upper pressing plate sleeved on the central shaft, the upper pressing plate being arranged at the upper end of the annular thin-walled part, and the upper pressing plate being used for supporting the upper end of the annular thin-walled part.

[0015] As preferably, the universal irregular curved surface welding shaping tool further comprises a first fastener fixedly connected to the central shaft and abutting against the upper surface above the uppermost group of the tensioning assemblies.

[0016] And / or, the universal irregular curved surface welding shaping tool further comprises a second fastener fixedly connected to the central shaft and abutting against the upper surface of the upper pressing plate.

[0017] As preferably, each group of the tensioning assemblies comprises two groups of the expansion petals, the two groups of the expansion petals being symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the central shaft, the outer circumferential surface of the expansion petal being a circular arc surface, and the included angle of the circular arc surface being in the range of 40°-60°.

[0018] As preferably, the universal irregular curved surface welding shaping tool further comprises a guide member arranged between the guide sliding member and the expansion petal, the guide member being arranged on the upper surface of the guide sliding member, and the guide member being used for guiding the radial movement of the expansion petal along the central shaft.

[0019] As preferably, the upper surface of the guide sliding member is provided with a mounting groove, and a part of the guide member is mounted in the mounting groove.

[0020] The expansion petal is provided with a guide groove, another part of the guide member is located in the guide groove, and the side surface of the guide member is in contact with the side surface of the guide groove.

[0021] As preferably, the expansion petal is provided with a guide groove hole, the length direction of the guide groove hole is arranged along the movement direction of the expansion petal, the tensioning assembly further comprises a third fastener, one end of the third fastener passes through the guide groove hole to connect the guide sliding member.

[0022] As preferably, the expansion petal is provided with two groups of guide groove holes arranged side by side, the guide groove holes are arranged side by side along the width direction of the guide groove holes, and a fixing member passes through the guide groove holes to connect the guide sliding member.

[0023] As preferably, the outer circumferential surface of the expansion petal is provided with a plurality of positioning mounting grooves, the groove bottom of the positioning mounting groove is provided with a mounting groove hole, and one end of the positioning member is inserted into the mounting groove hole.

[0024] The center axis of each mounting slot hole is arranged along the radial direction of the center axis.

[0025] Preferably, the outer circumferential surface of the guide slide of the group of tensioning assemblies located at the lowermost layer comprises a circular arc surface, which is in contact with the inner wall of the bottom end opening of the annular thin-walled part.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: in the present application, the annular thin-walled part and the welding part to be welded together are supported and positioned by at least one group of tensioning assemblies arranged along the axial direction of the center axis through the universal special-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool.

[0027] By arranging the tensioning assemblies on the center axis, different sizes of annular thin-walled parts can be supported and positioned, and according to the shape of the annular thin-walled part, the position of the tensioning assemblies along the axial direction of the center axis can be adjusted adaptively to adapt to the support and positioning of the annular thin-walled part at different positions, thereby achieving the purpose of stabilizing and fixing the annular thin-walled part.

[0028] In addition, the size of the positioning member arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the expansion petal can be different, so that the universal special-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool can position welding parts of different sizes. The universal special-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool can support and position annular thin-walled parts and welding parts of different structures and different sizes, and has good universality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the annular thin-walled part in the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 is a front view of the universal special-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool and the annular thin-walled part in the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the universal special-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool and the annular thin-walled part in the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the universal special-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool in the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 is a structural diagram of the universal special-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool in the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 is a structural diagram of the lower bottom plate, the center column and the group of tensioning assemblies located on the lower bottom plate in the present application;

[0035] Figure 7Structure diagram of the lower bottom plate and the first tensioning assembly in the application;

[0036] Figure 8 Structure diagram of the second tensioning assembly in the application.

[0037] Wherein, 10, annular thin-walled part; 20, welding piece; 201, first circular ring piece; 202, second circular ring piece; 203, third circular ring piece; 1, lower bottom plate; 2, center shaft; 30, first tensioning assembly; 40, second tensioning assembly; 31, guide sliding piece; 311, mounting groove; 32, expansion petals; 321, recess; 322, first through groove; 323, positioning mounting groove; 324, mounting groove hole; 33, inclined wedge block; 4, positioning piece; 5, upper pressing plate; 6, first fastener; 7, second fastener; 8, guide piece; 9, guide groove hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to make a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0039] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0040] It should be noted that: similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0041] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the product of the present application is usually placed, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used for differentiation in description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0042] In the description of the present application, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "arranged", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, can be fixedly connected, or can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, or can be electrically connected. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "on" or "under" of the first feature to the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or can include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, "on", "above" and "above" of the first feature to the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. "Below", "below" and "below" of the first feature to the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0044] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0045] The general-shaped curved surface welding shaping tool in the present embodiment provides a general-shaped curved surface welding shaping tool, which is mainly used for welding of parts of a combustion chamber of an aero-engine, and the structure of the part is as shown in Figure 1 The part is an annular thin-walled part, the curved surface is complex, there are many welding positions, and the welding area is large.

[0046] The general-shaped curved surface welding shaping tool in the present embodiment is used for positioning an annular thin-walled part 10 with openings at both ends and a welding piece.

[0047] As shown in Figures 1-3 The material of the part in the present embodiment is high-temperature alloy stainless steel, the thickness of the sheet is 0.8 mm, there are 120 welding positions, the welding mode is butt welding, and the profile requirement of the product after welding is 0.1 mm.

[0048] The general-shaped curved surface welding shaping tool is used for positioning the annular thin-walled part 10 and the welding piece 20, a plurality of installation holes are formed on the side wall of the annular thin-walled part 10, each installation hole includes a plurality of installation holes, and the welding piece 20 is welded to the installation hole. The size of the installation hole can be the same or different.

[0049] Specifically, the side wall of the annular thin-walled part 10 in the embodiment is provided with a plurality of rows of mounting holes, and the welding pieces 20 are welded to the mounting holes. Each row of mounting holes includes a plurality of mounting holes distributed along the circumference of the annular thin-walled part 10. The welding pieces 20 are cylindrical pieces, a plurality of which are welded to the annular thin-walled part 10, and the structural dimensions of the welding pieces 20 in each row can be different. Further specifically, the annular thin-walled part 10 in the embodiment is provided with three rows of mounting holes, each row of mounting holes includes a plurality of mounting holes, and the diameters of the mounting holes in each row are different. The diameters of the mounting holes in the same row can be the same or different. Correspondingly, the welding pieces 20 include a first circular ring piece 201, a second circular ring piece 202, and a third circular ring piece 203.

[0050] As shown in Figures 4-8 The universal special-shaped curved surface welding shaping tool includes a lower base plate 1, a central shaft 2, a tensioning assembly, and a positioning piece 4. The central shaft 2 is arranged at the center of the lower base plate 1. At least one set of tensioning assemblies is arranged along the axial direction of the central shaft 2 from top to bottom. The tensioning assembly includes a guide sliding piece 31, a bulging piece 32, and a wedge block 33. The guide sliding piece 31 is sleeved on the central shaft 2 and arranged above the lower base plate 1. Specifically, the guide sliding piece 31 of the tensioning assembly located at the lowermost layer is arranged on the upper surface of the lower base plate 1. In other embodiments, along the axial direction of the central shaft 2, the guide sliding piece 31 of the tensioning assembly located at the lowermost layer is spaced apart from the lower base plate 1 by a predetermined distance.

[0051] The bulging piece 32 is slidably arranged on the upper surface of the guide sliding piece 31. The wedge block 33 is arranged above the guide sliding piece 31 and sleeved on the central shaft 2. The wedge block 33 can reciprocate along the axial direction of the central shaft 2.

[0052] The outer peripheral surface of the wedge block 33 is provided with a first inclined surface. The bulging piece 32 is arranged on the outer periphery of the wedge block 33. The inner end of the bulging piece 32 is provided with a second inclined surface matched with the first inclined surface. The wedge block 33 can push the bulging piece 32 to slide along the radial direction of the central shaft 2 to tension the annular thin-walled part 10 by descending. The wedge block 33 descends along the axial direction of the central shaft 2. The first inclined surface of the wedge block 33 cooperates with the second inclined surface of the bulging piece 32 to push the bulging piece 32 to slide along the radial direction of the central shaft 2.

[0053] The positioning piece 4 is detachably connected to the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning assembly. The positioning piece 4 is used to position the welding piece 20.

[0054] Preferably, along the axial direction of the central shaft 2, the outer peripheral surface of the guide sliding piece 31 of the tensioning assembly located at the lowermost layer includes a circular arc surface which is in contact with the inner wall of the annular thin-walled part 10 to position the annular thin-walled part 10 through the guide sliding piece 31.

[0055] In the embodiment, the general-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool supports and positions the annular thin-walled part 10 and the welding part 20 which need to be welded together by at least one set of tensioning assemblies arranged along the axial direction of the central shaft 2 to internally support and position the annular thin-walled part 10 to be welded. The positioning part 4 is detachably arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the bulge 32 to position the welding part 20. In the embodiment, the position of the bulge 32 tensioning the annular thin-walled part 10 is the position of the annular thin-walled part 10 welding the welding part 20.

[0056] In the embodiment, the tensioning assemblies arranged on the central shaft 2 can support and position annular thin-walled parts 10 of different sizes, and the positions of the tensioning assemblies along the axial direction of the central shaft 2 can be adjusted adaptively according to the shapes of the annular thin-walled parts to support and position the annular thin-walled parts at different positions, thereby achieving the purpose of stably fixing the annular thin-walled part 10.

[0057] In addition, the positioning part 4 arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the bulge 32 can be of different sizes, and therefore the general-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool can position welding parts 20 of different sizes. The general-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool can support and position annular thin-walled parts 10 and welding parts 20 of different structures and different sizes, and has good versatility.

[0058] Preferably, in the embodiment, the guide sliding part 31 of the tensioning assembly located at the lowermost layer is arranged on the upper surface of the lower base plate 1, the bottom end surface of the annular thin-walled part 10 is pressed against the lower base plate 1, the outer circumferential surface of the guide sliding part 31 of the tensioning assembly located at the lowermost layer comprises a circular arc surface, the circular arc surface is in contact with the inner wall of the lower end port of the annular thin-walled part 10 to form a side wall, and the bottom end of the annular thin-walled part 10 is supported and positioned by the guide sliding part 31. Further preferably, in the embodiment, the guide sliding part 31 is circular.

[0059] In the embodiment, the positioning part 4 is detachably connected to the outer circumferential surface of the bulge 32, the welding part 20 is accurately positioned by the positioning part 4, the welding part 20 and the annular thin-walled part 10 are spot-welded first, the positioning part 4 is detached, and the welding part 20 and the annular thin-walled part 10 are fully welded.

[0060] Preferably, the general-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool further comprises an upper pressing plate 5 which is sleeved on the central shaft 2, the upper pressing plate 5 is arranged on the upper end port of the annular thin-walled part 10, and the upper pressing plate 5 is used to support the upper end port of the annular thin-walled part 10.

[0061] The upper pressing plate 5 is arranged on the upper end port of the annular thin-walled part 10, thereby fixing the annular thin-walled part 10 between the lower base plate 1 and the upper pressing plate 5, and ensuring the stability of the annular thin-walled part 10 during welding.

[0062] Preferably, the outer circumferential surface of the bulge 32 is provided with a plurality of positioning installation grooves 323, the groove bottom of the positioning installation groove 323 is provided with an installation groove hole 324, and one end of the positioning member 4 is inserted into the installation groove hole 324. In the embodiment, the groove bottom of the positioning installation groove 323 is a plane, and the plane is at a preset angle with the horizontal plane, and the preset angle range is determined according to the position of the bulge 32 tensioning the annular thin-walled part 10 and the position of the welding member 20. The center axis 2 line of each installation groove hole 324 is arranged along the radial direction of the center axis 2.

[0063] Preferably, the universal special-shaped curved surface welding shaping tool further comprises a first fastener 6, the first fastener 6 is fixedly connected to the center axis 2 and abuts against the upper surface above the uppermost layer of the group of tensioning assemblies. The tensioning assemblies arranged along the axial direction of the center axis 2 are fixed by the first fastener 6, so as to prevent the tensioning assemblies from moving along the axial direction of the center axis 2. Specifically, in the embodiment, the first fastener 6 is a first fastening nut which is threadedly connected to the center axis 2.

[0064] Preferably, the universal special-shaped curved surface welding shaping tool further comprises a second fastener 7, the second fastener 7 is fixedly connected to the center axis 2 and abuts against the upper surface of the upper pressing plate 5. Specifically, the center axis 2 is provided with a positioning step, the upper pressing plate 5 is installed on the center axis 2, the lower surface of the upper pressing plate 5 abuts against the positioning step, the second fastener 7 is fixedly connected to the center axis 2 and abuts against the upper surface of the upper pressing plate 5. The upper pressing plate 5 is fixed by the second fastener 7. Further preferably, the second fastener 7 is a second fastening nut which is threadedly connected to the center axis 2. The first fastening nut and the second fastening nut are conventional fastening nuts, and the structural sizes of the two are different.

[0065] Preferably, each group of tensioning assemblies comprises two groups of bulges 32, the two groups of bulges 32 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center axis 2, and the outer circumferential surface of the bulge 32 is a circular arc surface, and the included angle of the circular arc surface ranges from 40° to 60°.

[0066] Preferably, the universal special-shaped curved surface welding shaping tool further comprises a guide member 8, the guide member 8 is arranged between the guide sliding member 31 and the bulge 32, the guide member 8 is arranged on the upper surface of the guide sliding member 31, the side surface of the guide member 8 cooperates with the guide sliding member 31 and the bulge 32, and the guide member 8 provides accurate guidance for the radial movement of the bulge 32 along the center axis 2.

[0067] Further preferably, the upper surface of the guide sliding piece 31 is provided with a mounting groove 311, and the guide piece 8 is partially mounted in the mounting groove 311. The bulge 32 is provided with a guide groove, and the other part of the guide piece 8 is located in the guide groove. The side surface of the guide piece 8 is in contact with the side surface of the guide groove. The precision of the side surface of the guide piece 8 ensures the precision of the radial movement of the bulge 32 along the central shaft 2. When the bulge 32 reciprocates along the radial direction of the central shaft 2, the guide piece 8 positions and guides the bulge 32, ensures the movement precision of the radial movement of the bulge 32 along the central shaft 2, and thus ensures the positioning precision of the annular thin-walled part 10.

[0068] Preferably, the guide groove is a groove 321 provided in the bottom surface of the bulge 32, or the guide groove is a first through groove 322 provided in the bulge 32, and the first through groove 322 penetrates the bulge 32 along the axial direction of the central shaft 2.

[0069] Specifically, the guide piece 8 is a cuboid, and the length of the guide piece 8 is arranged along the radial direction of the central shaft 2.

[0070] Specifically, in the embodiment, the tensioning assembly is two groups, and the tensioning assembly includes a first tensioning assembly 30 and a second tensioning assembly 40. The first tensioning assembly 30 and the second tensioning assembly 40 are sequentially arranged from bottom to top along the axial direction of the central shaft 2.

[0071] In the embodiment, the guide sliding piece 31 of the first tensioning assembly 30 and the guide sliding piece 31 of the second tensioning assembly 40, the bulge 32 of the first tensioning assembly 30 and the bulge 32 of the second tensioning assembly 40, and the inclined wedge block 33 of the first tensioning assembly 30 and the inclined wedge block 33 of the second tensioning assembly 40 are different in structure size. The outer peripheral surface of the bulge 32 of the first tensioning assembly 30 is provided with two groups of guide pieces 8, and the two groups of guide pieces 8 are arranged along the axial direction of the central shaft 2. The size of the two groups of guide pieces 8 and the angle between the axis of the guide piece 8 and the horizontal plane can be different.

[0072] The guide sliding piece 31 of the first tensioning assembly 30 is in contact with the lower bottom plate 1. The bulge 32 and the inclined wedge block 33 of the first tensioning assembly 30 are located on the upper surface of the guide sliding piece 31. The bulge 32 and the inclined wedge block 33 of the second tensioning assembly 40 are located on the upper surface of the guide sliding piece 31 of the second tensioning assembly 40. The guide sliding piece 31 of the second tensioning assembly 40 is sleeved on the central shaft 2 and coaxially arranged with the central shaft 2. The lower surface of the guide sliding piece 31 of the second tensioning assembly 40 is provided with a flange portion. The guide sliding piece 31 moves downward along the axial direction of the central shaft 2 to abut against the upper surface of the inclined wedge block 33 of the first tensioning assembly 30.

[0073] The bottom surface of the expansion petal 32 of the first tensioning assembly 30 in the embodiment is provided with a groove 321, part of the guide 8 is located in the mounting groove 311 of the guide sliding piece 31, and the other part of the guide 8 is located in the groove 321. When the expansion petal 32 reciprocates along the radial direction of the central shaft 2, the side wall of the groove 321 and the side wall of the guide 8 slide in cooperation, thereby ensuring the movement accuracy of the expansion petal 32 along the radial direction of the central shaft 2. At the same time, since the guide 8 is located in the groove 321 provided on the bottom surface of the expansion petal 32, the axial dimension of the expansion petal 32, the guide 8 and the guide sliding piece 31 after assembly is saved, and the overall structure of the universal special-shaped curved surface welding tool is more compact.

[0074] In the embodiment, the guide groove on the expansion petal 32 of the second tensioning assembly 40 is a first through groove 322 provided on the expansion petal 32. The first through groove 322 penetrates the expansion petal 32 along the axial direction of the central shaft 2, and the opening of the first through groove 322 faces the inclined wedge block 33 of the second tensioning assembly 40.

[0075] Further specifically, in the embodiment, the inclined wedge block 33 of the second tensioning assembly 40 is provided with a second through groove 331, the opening of the second through groove 331 and the opening of the second through groove 331 are oppositely arranged, and the guide 8 is arranged in the first through groove 322 and the second through groove 331 at the same time. The same guide 8 ensures the movement accuracy of the inclined wedge block 33 along the vertical direction, and ensures the movement accuracy of the expansion petal 32 along the radial direction of the central shaft 2, thereby ensuring that after the annular thin-walled part 10 is tensioned, the annular thin-walled part 10 will not be deflected.

[0076] Preferably, the expansion petal 32 is provided with a guide groove hole 9, and the length direction of the guide groove hole 9 is arranged along the movement direction of the expansion petal 32. The tensioning assembly further comprises a third fastener, one end of the third fastener passes through the guide groove hole 9 and can be fixedly connected with the guide sliding piece 31. After the inclined wedge block 33 pushes the expansion petal 32 to move into place, the expansion petal 32 is fixed by the third fastener to prevent the expansion petal 32 from moving. Specifically, the third fastener is a screw.

[0077] Preferably, the expansion petal 32 is provided with two groups of guide groove holes 9 arranged side by side, and the guide groove holes 9 are arranged side by side along the width direction thereof. Preferably, the guide groove hole 9 is a strip-shaped hole.

[0078] Preferably, the upper pressing plate 5 comprises a first cylinder and a second cylinder coaxially connected in sequence along the axial direction of the central shaft 2, the diameter of the first cylinder is larger than the diameter of the second cylinder, the second cylinder can extend into the upper port of the annular thin-walled part 10 and abut against the inner wall of the upper port of the annular thin-walled part 10, and the upper end surface of the annular thin-walled part 10 abuts against the lower surface of the first cylinder.

[0079] The working process of the general-shaped curved surface welding shape-retaining tool includes: manually setting the annular thin-walled part 10 on the tension assembly group at the lowermost layer, the inclined wedge block 33 of the tension assembly group at the lowermost layer pushes the expansion petals 32 of the tension assembly to move in place along the radial direction, and the expansion petals 32 are fixed by the third fastener. Then, the other groups of tension assemblies are sequentially installed, and the annular thin-walled part 10 is tensioned at different positions of each group of tension assemblies in the above-mentioned manner, and the inclined wedge block 33 of the tension assembly group at the uppermost layer is fixed by the first fastener 6, so as to tension the annular thin-walled part 10.

[0080] Specifically, in the embodiment, the annular thin-walled part 10 is placed on the lower base plate 1 by manual operation, the lower end surface of the annular thin-walled part 10 is in contact with the lower base plate 1, and the lower base plate 1 supports the annular thin-walled part 10. The outer circumferential surface of the guide sliding piece 31 of the first tension assembly 30 is in contact with the inner wall of the bottom end of the annular thin-walled part 10, the lower end of the annular thin-walled part 10 is supported by the guide sliding piece 31, the inclined wedge block 33 of the first tension assembly 30 pushes the expansion petals 32 of the first tension assembly 30 to move in place along the radial direction, and at this time, the expansion petals 32 of the first tension assembly 30 are fastened by the third fastener. At this time, the outer circumferential surface of the expansion petals 32 is in close contact with the inner wall of the annular thin-walled part 10 at this position, and the annular thin-walled part 10 is tensioned. Then, the inclined wedge block 33, the expansion petals 32 and the guide piece 8 of the second tension assembly 40 are installed, the inclined wedge block 33 of the second tension assembly 40 pushes the expansion petals 32 of the second tension assembly 40 to move in place along the radial direction, the expansion petals 32 of the second tension assembly 40 are fastened by the third fastener, at this time, the outer circumferential surface of the expansion petals 32 is in close contact with the inner wall of the annular thin-walled part 10 at this position, and the first tension assembly 30 and the second tension assembly 40 are fixed by the first fastener 6 to support and position the annular thin-walled part 10.

[0081] Specifically, in the embodiment, after each group of tension assemblies is installed in place, the first locking nut is screwed to fix the tension assemblies and prevent the tension assemblies from moving along the axial direction of the central shaft 2.

[0082] The upper pressing plate 5 is installed and fastened by the second fastener 7. Specifically, in the embodiment, the second locking nut is screwed to fasten the locking upper pressing plate 5. The tension assemblies and the upper pressing plate 5 ensure the accurate positioning of the annular thin-walled part 10 in the axial direction. Specifically, in the embodiment, the first tension assembly 30, the second tension assembly 40 and the upper pressing plate 5 ensure the accurate positioning of the annular thin-walled part 10 in the axial direction.

[0083] The positioning member 4 arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the expansion segment 32 is used to precisely position the welding member 20, and each welding member 20 is fixed by spot welding, the positioning member 4 is removed to complete the welding of each part by full welding, and the above operation is repeated until the welding of the parts in the inner support area of the expansion segment 32 is completed, the first fastening member 6 is loosened, the upper pressing plate 5 is removed, the second fastening member 7 and the third fastening member are loosened, the expansion segment 32 of the tensioning assembly is retracted, the parts are rotated, and the above operation is repeated until the welding of the parts is completed. The second fastening member 7 is loosened, and the upper pressing plate 5 is removed, the first fastening member 6 is loosened, the expansion segment 32 of the tensioning assembly is retracted, and the ring-shaped thin-walled part 10 after welding is removed.

[0084] Specifically, in the embodiment, two groups of positioning members 4 arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the expansion segment 32 of the first tensioning assembly 30 are used to precisely position the first circular ring member 201 and the second circular ring member 202. One group of positioning members 4 arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the expansion segment 32 of the second tensioning assembly 30 is used to precisely position the third circular ring member 203, and the first circular ring member 201, the second circular ring member 202 and the third circular ring member 203 are fixed by spot welding, the positioning member 4 is removed to complete the welding of each part by full welding, and the above operation is repeated until the welding of the parts in the inner support area of the expansion segment 32 is completed.

[0085] The second fastening nut is loosened, and the upper pressing plate 5 is removed. Then, the first fastening nut and the screw fastened and connected with the guide sliding member 31 on the expansion segment 32 of the second tensioning assembly 30 are loosened in sequence, the expansion segment 32 of the second tensioning assembly 30 is retracted, the second tensioning assembly 40 is disassembled, the screw fastened and connected with the guide sliding member 31 on the expansion segment 32 of the first tensioning assembly 30 is loosened in sequence, the expansion segment 32 of the first tensioning assembly 30 is retracted, the ring-shaped thin-walled part 10 is rotated, and the above operation is repeated until the welding of the parts is completed.

[0086] Then, the second fastening nut is loosened, the upper pressing plate 5 is removed, the first fastening nut is loosened, the expansion segment 32 of the first tensioning assembly 30 and the expansion segment 32 of the second tensioning assembly 40 are retracted, and the ring-shaped thin-walled part 10 after welding is removed.

[0087] Obviously, the above embodiment of the present application is only an example for clearly illustrating the present application, and is not a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. Based on the above description, other different forms of changes or variations can be made by those skilled in the art. Here, all the embodiments are not enumerated, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A universal contoured welding conformer, comprising: The utility model provides a general special-shaped surface welding shape-keeping tool for positioning annular thin-walled parts (10) and welding parts (20) with both ends open, which comprises the following: a lower base plate (1) and a central shaft (2) arranged at the center of the lower base plate (1); at least one set of tensioning assemblies is arranged along the axial direction of the central shaft (2) from top to bottom, and the tensioning assemblies comprise a guide sliding piece (31), an expansion petal (32) and a wedge block (33); the guide sliding piece (31) is sleeved on the central shaft (2) and arranged above the lower base plate (1); the expansion petal (32) is slidably arranged on the upper surface of the guide sliding piece (31); the wedge block (33) is arranged above the guide sliding piece (31) and sleeved on the central shaft (2), and the wedge block (33) can reciprocate along the axial direction of the central shaft (2); the outer circumferential surface of the wedge block (33) is provided with a first inclined surface, the expansion petal (32) is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the wedge block (33), the inner end of the expansion petal (32) is provided with a second inclined surface matched with the first inclined surface, and the wedge block (33) can push the expansion petal (32) to slide along the radial direction of the central shaft (2) to tension the annular thin-walled part (10) by descending; a positioning part (4) is detachably connected to the outer circumferential surface of the tensioning assembly, and the positioning part (4) is used for positioning the welding part (20); each set of tensioning assemblies comprises two sets of expansion petals (32), and the two sets of expansion petals (32) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central shaft (2); the outer circumferential surface of the expansion petal (32) is a circular arc surface, and the included angle of the circular arc surface ranges from 40° to 60°; the general special-shaped surface welding shape-keeping tool further comprises a guide part (8) arranged between the guide sliding piece (31) and the expansion petal (32), the guide part (8) is arranged on the upper surface of the guide sliding piece (31), and the guide part (8) is used for guiding the radial movement of the expansion petal (32) along the central shaft (2); a plurality of positioning installation grooves (323) are formed in the outer circumferential surface of the expansion petal (32), and a installation groove hole (324) is formed in the groove bottom of the positioning installation groove (323); one end of the positioning part (4) is inserted into the installation groove hole (324); the central axis of each installation groove hole (324) forms a preset angle with the horizontal plane; the outer circumferential surface of the guide sliding piece (31) of the lowermost set of tensioning assemblies comprises a circular arc surface, and the circular arc surface is in contact with the inner wall of the bottom opening of the annular thin-walled part (10).

2. The universal contoured welding conformer of claim 1, wherein, the general special-shaped surface welding shape-keeping tool further comprises an upper pressing plate (5) sleeved on the central shaft (2), the upper pressing plate (5) is arranged on the upper port of the annular thin-walled part (10), and the upper pressing plate (5) is used for supporting the upper port of the annular thin-walled part (10).

3. The universal contoured welding conformer of claim 2, wherein, the general special-shaped surface welding shape-keeping tool further comprises a first fastener (6) fixedly connected to the central shaft (2) and abutting against the upper surface above the uppermost set of tensioning assemblies. And / or, the general special-shaped curved welding shaping tool further comprises a second fastener (7), which is fixedly connected to the central shaft (2) and abuts against the upper surface of the upper pressing plate (5).

4. The universal contoured welding conformer of claim 3, wherein, An upper surface of the guide slide (31) is provided with a mounting groove (311), and the guide member (8) is partially mounted in the mounting groove (311). The guide member (8) is partially located in the guide groove, and a side surface of the guide member (8) is in contact with a side surface of the guide groove.

5. The universal contoured welding conformer of claim 4, wherein, The guide slide (31) is provided with two groups of guide groove holes (9) arranged side by side on the bulge (32), the guide groove holes (9) are arranged side by side along the width direction of the guide groove holes (9), and the guide slide (31) is connected to the guide slide (31) through the fixing member passing through the guide groove holes (9).

6. The universal contoured welding conformer of claim 5, wherein, The guide slide (31) is provided with two groups of guide groove holes (9) arranged side by side on the bulge (32), the guide groove holes (9) are arranged side by side along the width direction of the guide groove holes (9), and the guide slide (31) is connected to the guide slide (31) through the fixing member passing through the guide groove holes (9).

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