Metal longitudinal accurate grinding and polishing test device

Abstract

The invention relates to a metal testing device, in particular to a metal longitudinal accurate grinding and polishing testing device. The invention aims to provide a metal longitudinal accurate grinding and polishing test device to solve the problems that an existing metal polishing test device cannot carry out longitudinal grinding and polishing, and a metal sample cannot have better surface quality. According to the technical scheme, the metal longitudinal accurate grinding and polishing test device comprises a linear motor assembly which can be linearly and movably positioned on a workbench and is used for clamping and driving a sample, the device is characterized by further comprising a pulley abrasive belt assembly installed on the workbench and a gravity weight assembly which applies force to an abrasive belt in the pulley abrasive belt assembly to enable the abrasive belt to make contact with the sample so as to achieve polishing operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a metal testing device, in particular to a metal longitudinal fine grinding and polishing testing device. Background Art

[0002] The processing of metal materials includes grinding and polishing the surface of the metal materials to meet the Nadcap laboratory certification requirements and sample preparation requirements. Polishing refers to the use of mechanical, grinding or electrochemical effects to reduce the surface roughness of the workpiece to obtain a bright and flat surface. At present, most metal round bar samples used in material mechanics fatigue testing are often manually polished with sandpaper before the experiment, but the manually polished metal surface is not smooth and uniform and cannot effectively eliminate the surface hardening phenomenon and residual stress, which will affect the accuracy of subsequent mechanical tests; in addition, laboratories also often use lightweight handheld angle grinders for grinding and polishing; due to the inconsistent sizes of metal round bar samples, the instrument is required to be able to make corresponding adjustments according to the size of the metal round bar sample, which brings a lot of inconvenience.

[0003] Traditional grinding and polishing devices are inconvenient for users to tighten and fix metal round bars of different models, and it is inconvenient for users to adjust and change the position of the device. At the same time, current metal grinding and polishing devices are all transverse grinding and polishing, and the transverse texture of metal samples affects the accuracy of tensile, fatigue and other test results.

[0004] In view of the above problems, it is urgent to improve the design of the original grinding and polishing device. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a metal longitudinal fine grinding and polishing test device to solve the problem that the existing metal polishing test device cannot perform longitudinal grinding and polishing and the metal sample cannot have good surface quality.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0007] A metal longitudinal fine grinding and polishing test device, comprising a linear motor assembly which can be linearly moved and positioned on a workbench and clamps and drives a sample, characterized in that: the device also comprises a pulley belt assembly mounted on the workbench and a gravity weight assembly which applies force to the belt in the pulley belt assembly to make it contact with the sample to achieve a polishing operation;

[0008] The linear motor assembly comprises a linear motor mounted on a workbench, a servo motor driven by the linear motor, a tailstock with a machine tool ejector, and a fixture mounted on the servo motor shaft to clamp the sample;

[0009] The pulley abrasive belt assembly comprises an unwinding abrasive belt disc, a winding abrasive belt disc, a plurality of guide wheels, an abrasive belt that passes through the plurality of guide wheels in sequence and is wound around the unwinding abrasive belt disc and the winding abrasive belt disc at both ends, and a torque motor that drives the winding abrasive belt disc;

[0010] The gravity weight assembly comprises a floating pull rod hinged on a standing bracket and equipped with a plurality of guide wheels, a pull rope for pulling the floating pull rod to make the sand belt stick to the surface of the sample, and a gravity weight for applying the pulling force to the pull rope.

[0011] The floating rod is swingably positioned on the standing bracket through the hinge point at the top. At least three guide wheels are hingedly positioned on the floating rod for positioning the movement path of the abrasive belt. The pull rope connects and pulls the lower part of the floating rod so that the abrasive belt can be close to the surface of the sample to perform grinding and polishing operations.

[0012] The horizontal plane projections of the abrasive belts wound on the unwinding abrasive belt disc, the winding abrasive belt disc and the guide wheel all overlap.

[0013] The pulley abrasive belt assembly is also equipped with a tensioning assembly for tensioning the abrasive belt to provide the required grinding and polishing pressure;

[0014] The tensioning assembly comprises a small slider slidably positioned on a standing bracket, a tensioning wheel fixed on the small slider and wound with the abrasive belt, and a tension spring exerting force on the small slider.

[0015] The gravity weight assembly is connected to the floating pull rod through a pulley rope wound around the pulley, so as to apply a horizontal grinding and polishing pressure to the abrasive belt in the grinding and polishing operation; the pulley is arranged on the workbench through a support.

[0016] The linear motor comprises a linear guide rail horizontally arranged on a workbench and a linear slide movably positioned on a primary component.

[0017] The fixture comprises a three-jaw chuck fixed on the linear motor shaft. The three-jaw chuck is coaxial with the machine tool ejector and arranged horizontally, so as to cooperate with each other to support the sample to achieve 360° indexing rotation movement.

[0018] The machine tool ejector is rotatably connected to one end of a screw rod, the screw rod cooperates with a screw hole on a tailstock and the other end of the screw rod is provided with an adjusting hand wheel to realize axial feeding of the machine tool ejector.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The present invention can synchronize the movement of the sample and the movement of the abrasive belt within a stroke range of 90 mm. A new area of ​​the abrasive paper is used for each grinding and polishing, and the same abrasive paper is used only once, ensuring that the same abrasive paper area is not reused. The configured abrasive belt disc can realize the use of abrasive belts of different models.

[0021] 2. The streaks after grinding and polishing of the present invention are all arranged along the longitudinal direction (axial direction) of the sample, and the overall streaks are evenly distributed in the grinding and polishing section of the sample, and the force is evenly applied; at the same time, gravity is used to achieve constant pressure to ensure that the grinding and polishing force applied to the sample surface meets the requirements.

[0022] 3. The present invention can adjust different pressures according to the grinding and polishing pressures of different samples to adapt to the grinding and polishing of samples of different soft and hard materials. At the same time, during the grinding and polishing process, the grinding and polishing pressure is kept constant by gravity; thereby, excellent grinding and polishing quality can be obtained.

[0023] 4. The rotation speed of the servo motor in the present invention is adjustable, which can make the sandpaper and the sample rotate synchronously to avoid the appearance of horizontal lines.

[0024] 5. The torque motor of the present invention always maintains a constant winding torque, keeps the abrasive belt taut, and the torque is adjustable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0026] Figure 1 It is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention (right front side direction).

[0027] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the embodiment of the present invention (left front direction).

[0028] Figure 3 This is the third schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the embodiment of the present invention (the pulley belt assembly and the gravity weight assembly are omitted).

[0029] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the pulley and abrasive belt assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the gravity weight assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: a linear slider 101, a linear guide rail 102, a fixture 103, a servo motor 104, a tailstock 105, a machine tool ejector 106; an unwinding abrasive belt disk 107, a guide wheel 108, a winding abrasive belt disk 109, a tension adjustment device 201 and a torque motor 202; a gravity weight 203, a floating pull rod 204, a pull rope 205, a support 206, a tensioning wheel 207, a pull rope fixing screw 208, a pull rod hinge shaft 209, a tension spring 210, an abrasive belt 300, and a sample 400. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0033] The metal longitudinal fine grinding and polishing test device as shown in the figure includes a linear motor assembly that can be linearly moved and positioned on a workbench and clamps and drives a sample 400; the linear motor assembly includes a linear motor fixed on the workbench, a servo motor 104 driven by the linear motor, a tailstock 105 with a machine tool ejector, and a fixture installed on the servo motor shaft to clamp the sample;

[0034] The linear motor comprises a linear guide rail 102 (primary component) horizontally arranged on a workbench and a linear slider 101 (secondary component) movably positioned on the primary component; a servo motor 104 and a tailstock 105 are mounted on the secondary component. The machine tool ejector pin is rotatably connected to one end of a screw rod through a bearing, the screw rod is positioned in a screw hole of the tailstock and the other end of the screw rod is connected to a hand wheel; the fixture is a three-jaw chuck.

[0035] The above is similar to the existing polishing test device.

[0036] The improvement of the present invention is that the device provided also includes a pulley sand belt assembly installed on a workbench and a gravity weight assembly which applies force to the sand belt in the pulley sand belt assembly to make it contact with the sample to achieve polishing operation.

[0037] The pulley abrasive belt assembly includes an unwinding abrasive belt disc 107, a winding abrasive belt disc 109, several guide wheels 108, an abrasive belt 300 (preferably a nylon rope) and a torque motor 202; the standing bracket is vertically fixed on the workbench; the rotating shaft of the unwinding abrasive belt disc 107, the rotating shaft of the winding abrasive belt disc 109 and the wheel shafts of several guide wheels are rotatably positioned on one side of the standing bracket through bearings, and the torque motor is installed on the other side of the standing bracket. The torque motor shaft passes through the standing bracket and then connects to the rotating shaft of the winding abrasive belt disc through a coupling. Several guide wheels are installed on the standing bracket as needed to determine the movement path of the abrasive belt; the abrasive belt 300 bypasses the several guide wheels in turn, and the two ends of the abrasive belt are respectively wound on the unwinding abrasive belt disc and the winding abrasive belt disc; damping is applied to the rotating shaft of the unwinding abrasive belt disc, so that when the torque motor is driven, the abrasive belt is ensured to be in a tensioned state. The positive running of the abrasive belt ensures that the grinding and polishing process is not reused, thereby ensuring the quality of the grinding and polishing surface.

[0038] Furthermore, the axes of the unwinding abrasive belt disc 107, the winding abrasive belt disc 109 and the plurality of guide wheels are parallel to each other; the horizontal plane projections of the abrasive belts wound on the unwinding abrasive belt disc 107, the winding abrasive belt disc 109 and the plurality of guide wheels overlap and are perpendicular to the axis of the processed sample.

[0039] The gravity weight assembly includes a floating rod, a pull rope and a gravity weight 203; the floating rod is swingably hinged to the standing bracket through a pull rod hinge shaft 209 at its top (which also serves as the rotation shaft of the guide wheel), and at least three guide wheels are hingedly positioned on the floating rod to locate the movement path of the sanding belt; one end of the pull rope is fixed to the lower part of the floating rod through a pull rope fixing screw 208, and the other end of the pull rope is fixed to the gravity weight 203. Figure 1 , Figure 2 It can be seen that the support 206 is fixed on the workbench on the side of the linear motor, and a pulley is installed on the top of the support. After the other end of the pull rope extends from the floating rod, it passes around the pulley and connects to the gravity weight, so that under the action of the gravity weight, the pull rope from the floating rod to one end of the pulley remains basically horizontal; and after the floating rod is pulled by the pull rope, it drives the guide wheel on the floating rod to swing toward the sample, and drives the sand belt wrapped around the guide wheel to stick to the sample, so as to achieve grinding and polishing of the sample. The gravity weight 203 can be replaced to achieve different grinding and polishing pressures.

[0040] Furthermore, the pulley sanding belt assembly is also equipped with a tensioning assembly for tensioning the sanding belt to provide the required polishing friction; the tensioning assembly includes a small slider, a tensioning wheel 207 and a tension spring 210. Figure 4It can be seen that: a vertically arranged slide groove is provided on the standing bracket, a small slider can be slid up and down and embedded in the slide groove, a tension wheel is fixed on the small slider, one end of the tension spring is connected to the small slider and the other end is connected to the standing bracket to apply tension to the small slider. During the working process, if the tension of the abrasive belt changes suddenly (such as the moment when the abrasive belt is attached to the sample or separated from the sample), the tension wheel can keep the tension of the abrasive belt unaffected by moving up and down.

[0041] The servo motor 104 can adjust the fixture 103 to rotate 360° to achieve switching of the polishing surface, and enable the fixture 103 and the tailstock 106 to adapt to metal samples of different lengths and diameters; the polishing operation of the metal sample is longitudinal polishing, and after completing the polishing of a single-sided cylindrical surface, the metal sample rotates to complete the subsequent polishing of the single-sided cylindrical surface.

[0042] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0043] 1. The sample is placed on the machine; one end of the sample is clamped by the fixture, and the other end is supported by the machine tool ejector;

[0044] 2. Start the linear motor to drive the sample to move axially within the set length range;

[0045] 3. Loading the gravity weight 203, so that the abrasive belt is pressed against the partial cylindrical surface of the sample, thereby performing axial grinding and polishing operation;

[0046] 4. After reaching the set time or the number of axial movements, start the servo motor to rotate the sample to a certain angle, and perform axial grinding and polishing on another part of the cylindrical surface of the sample; until the grinding and polishing of the entire cylindrical surface of the set length is completed;

[0047] 5. When the length of the sample is greater than the set length, adjust the linear motor so that the grinding and polishing operation continues at the non-grinding and polishing position until the grinding and polishing operation of the entire sample surface is completed;

[0048] 5. During the operation, when the set time is reached, the torque motor is started to rotate the sanding belt of a certain length so that the grinding and polishing parts of the sanding belt are not reused, thereby ensuring the grinding and polishing quality.

Claims

1. A metal longitudinal fine grinding and polishing test device, comprising a linear motor assembly which is linearly movable and positioned on a workbench and clamps and drives a sample (400), characterized in that: The device also includes a pulley sand belt assembly installed on a workbench and a gravity weight assembly for applying force to the sand belt (300) in the pulley sand belt assembly to make it contact with the sample to achieve polishing operation; The linear motor assembly comprises a linear motor mounted on a workbench, a servo motor (104) driven by the linear motor, a tailstock (105) with a machine tool ejector pin (106), and a fixture mounted on the servo motor shaft to clamp a sample; The pulley abrasive belt assembly comprises an unwinding abrasive belt disc (107) rotatably positioned on a workbench through a standing bracket, a winding abrasive belt disc (109), a plurality of guide wheels (108), the abrasive belt which passes through the plurality of guide wheels in sequence and whose two ends are respectively wound around the unwinding abrasive belt disc and the winding abrasive belt disc, and a torque motor (202) for driving the winding abrasive belt disc; The gravity weight assembly comprises a floating pull rod (204) hinged on a standing bracket and equipped with a plurality of guide wheels, a pull rope (205) for pulling the floating pull rod to make the sand belt stick to the surface of the sample, and a gravity weight (203) for applying the pulling force to the pull rope.

2. The metal longitudinal fine grinding and polishing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating rod is swingably positioned on the standing bracket via a rod hinge shaft (209) at the top, and at least three guide wheels are hingedly positioned on the floating rod for positioning the movement path of the abrasive belt; the pull rope is connected to and pulls the lower part of the floating rod so that the abrasive belt can be pressed against the surface of the sample to perform grinding and polishing operations.

3. The metal longitudinal fine grinding and polishing test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The horizontal plane projections of the abrasive belts wound on the unwinding abrasive belt disk, the winding abrasive belt disk and the guide wheel all overlap and are perpendicular to the axis of the sample.

4. The metal longitudinal fine grinding and polishing test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pulley abrasive belt assembly is also equipped with a tensioning assembly for tensioning the abrasive belt to provide the required grinding and polishing pressure; the tensioning assembly includes a small slider slidably positioned on a standing bracket, a tensioning wheel (207) fixed on the small slider and wound with the abrasive belt, and a tension spring (210) applying force to the small slider.

5. The metal longitudinal fine grinding and polishing test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gravity weight assembly is connected to the floating pull rod via a pull rope wound around a pulley, thereby applying a horizontal grinding and polishing pressure to the abrasive belt in a grinding and polishing operation; the pulley is arranged on the workbench via a support (206).

6. The metal longitudinal fine grinding and polishing test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The linear motor comprises a linear guide rail (103) horizontally arranged on a workbench and a linear slide block (101) movably positioned on a primary component.

7. The metal longitudinal fine grinding and polishing test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixture comprises a three-jaw chuck fixed on the linear motor shaft. The three-jaw chuck is coaxial with the machine tool ejector and arranged horizontally, so as to cooperate with each other to support the sample to achieve 360° indexing rotation movement.

8. The metal longitudinal fine grinding and polishing test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The machine tool ejector is rotatably connected to one end of a screw rod, the screw rod cooperates with a screw hole on a tailstock and the other end of the screw rod is provided with an adjusting hand wheel to realize axial feeding of the machine tool ejector.

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