Urine harmless treatment method

Abstract

The invention discloses an innocent treatment method for urine. The innocent treatment method comprises the following steps: step a) distillation separation; step b) nitration treatment; c) biological treatment; d) catalytic treatment; step e) adsorption treatment; f) separating and extracting; and step g) filtering treatment. According to the invention, ammonia in the urine is converted into harmless nitrogen or other nitrogen oxides and phosphate is removed through the synergistic effect of the nitrifying flora and the denitrifying flora, so that the nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the urine are reduced, the biodegradability of the wastewater is improved, favorable conditions are provided for subsequent biological treatment, and the method is suitable for industrial production. The biological treatment utilizes the photosynthesis of algae organisms to convert nitrate into organic substances and absorb phosphate as a nutrient substance, so that the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in the wastewater is further reduced, meanwhile, the resource utilization of the wastewater is realized, and in addition, the growth of the algae organisms also promotes the removal of other pollutants in the wastewater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of harmless treatment of urine, and in particular to a method for harmless treatment of urine. Background Art

[0002] Urine harmless treatment is an important environmental protection measure that aims to convert harmful substances in urine into harmless or low-toxic substances to reduce pollution to the environment. Urine contains a large amount of organic matter, inorganic salts, microorganisms, etc. If it is discharged directly without treatment, it will cause serious pollution to the environment. Harmless treatment can remove or transform harmful substances in urine to meet emission standards or achieve resource utilization, thereby protecting the environment and human health.

[0003] According to the patent application number published on the China Patent Network, it is: 202111028510.6, and the patent name is: Urine harmless treatment method, system and smart toilet based thereon, including: performing primary, secondary and tertiary treatment on urine in sequence, adding a primary treatment agent containing microbial composite bacteria, microbial enzymes and saccharide decomposing enzymes, a secondary treatment agent containing high-temperature carbon, and a tertiary treatment agent containing activated carbon respectively. Through the combined and synergistic effects of microorganisms, physics and chemistry, a urine-water mixture that can be directly discharged to the wetland is obtained. The present invention can realize the on-site resource reuse of urine without the need for subsequent sewage treatment.

[0004] However, urine is currently treated mainly through chemical treatment methods, which usually require the use of various chemical agents, such as coagulants, oxidants, acid-base regulators, etc. These agents may not react completely during the treatment process, resulting in some agents remaining in the treated urine or wastewater, causing environmental pollution. Chemical treatment methods usually consume a lot of energy, such as electricity and heat energy required for heating, stirring, and transportation. Energy consumption not only increases treatment costs, but may also aggravate greenhouse gas emissions and affect the global climate.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design and modify the method for harmless treatment of urine. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for harmless treatment of urine, which has the advantage of harmless treatment through biological treatment, and solves the problem that the existing urine is mainly treated by chemical treatment. Chemical treatment methods usually require the use of various chemical agents, such as coagulants, oxidants, acid-base regulators, etc. These agents may not react completely during the treatment process, resulting in some agents remaining in the treated urine or wastewater, causing environmental pollution.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for harmless treatment of urine, comprising the following steps: Step a) distillation separation; step b) nitrification treatment; step c) biological treatment; step d) catalytic treatment; step e) adsorption treatment; step f) separation and extraction; step g) filtration treatment: Step a) Distillation separation: Place urine in a distillation device and heat it to boiling. The water in the urine will begin to evaporate and form water vapor. During the heating process, the heating temperature and heating time need to be controlled to avoid excessive decomposition of other components in the urine or the production of harmful substances. The evaporated water vapor will pass through the condenser and exchange heat with the cooling medium (such as cold water) in the condenser, thereby condensing into liquid water. The condensed liquid water will be collected in the collection device; Step b) Nitrification treatment: The nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria cultivated in the aerobic tank carrier and the anaerobic tank carrier respectively convert ammonia (NH3) in the residual liquid of the extracted urine into nitrite (NO2-), and then convert nitrite into nitrate (NO3-), while the denitrifying bacteria can reduce nitrate (NO3-) to nitrogen gas (N2) or other nitrogen oxides, thereby completing the removal of nitrogen. The nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria need to consume the phosphate content in the residual liquid of the extracted urine during the reproduction process, increase the consumption rate of phosphate, and thus complete the removal of phosphorus; Step c) Biological treatment: Algae are cultivated in algae pools and algae screens, and the wastewater after nitrification treatment is injected into the algae pool. Algae can absorb and use nitrates for photosynthesis, converting them into organic matter, effectively reducing the nitrate content in the water. Phosphates are important nutrients for algae growth. Algae absorb phosphates during their growth, which helps to reduce the phosphate concentration in the wastewater and complete the purification. Step d) Catalytic treatment: Electrocatalytic oxidation denitrification and electro-flocculation dephosphorization. In the electrocatalytic oxidation denitrification process, the residual nitrogen compounds in the wastewater after biological treatment are oxidized to nitrogen gas or other harmless substances at the anode. Electro-flocculation dephosphorization uses the metal ions generated by electrolysis to combine with phosphates to form precipitation, thereby removing phosphates. At the same time, electrolysis technology can kill free nitrifying bacteria and algae in the wastewater, reducing the impact of the organisms on subsequent adsorption; Step e) adsorption extraction: adding activated carbon evenly into the wastewater to ensure that the activated carbon is in full contact with the wastewater so that the activated carbon can absorb the organic matter in the wastewater; Step f) separation and extraction: the waste liquid after adsorption is treated by centrifugal separation, and the different substances are separated by using the difference in sedimentation speed in the centrifugal field, and the suspended matter and tiny particles are further removed by centrifugation; Step g) Filtration treatment: The separated urine wastewater is filtered through a sand core filter device and a reverse osmosis filter membrane, and the filtered filter medium flows into a collection container, thereby completing the final treatment of the urine and obtaining a harmless liquid.

[0008] As a preferred method of the present invention, in step a) distillation separation, the urine is pretreated by pre-filtering the urine with filter paper to remove impurities and adjusting the pH value to improve the distillation efficiency and purity. When the pH value of the urine is too high, hydrochloric acid is added to the urine to lower its pH value. When the pH value of the urine is too low, sodium hydroxide is added to the urine to increase the pH value of the urine.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step b) nitrification treatment, the nitrifying bacteria are composed of Nitrosomonas and Nitrosococcus, and the denitrifying bacteria are composed of Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Rhodopseudomonas, Thiobacillus and Rhizobium.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step b) nitrification treatment, the waste liquid after nitrification treatment is regularly tested, and when the residual nitrate and phosphate content of the treated waste liquid is higher than the preset value, the whole bacterial solution of nitrifying bacteria and the whole bacterial solution of denitrifying bacteria are added to supplement the bacterial community.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the biological treatment in step c) is performed by arranging a belt conveyor inside the algae pond and immersing the belt on its surface completely in the sewage, and at the same time arranging a full-spectrum lamp on the top to provide a light source. The unicellular algae inside the algae pond can adhere to the surface of the belt to form an algae film and come into contact with the top light source during the rotation of the belt and reproduce.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step d) catalytic treatment, residual nitrogen compounds (such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrates, etc.) in the waste liquid after biological treatment are introduced into an electrolytic cell. On the anode, these nitrogen compounds are converted into nitrogen gas or other harmless substances through direct or indirect electrochemical oxidation reactions. Nitrogen compounds such as ammonia nitrogen can directly lose electrons and be oxidized on the anode surface. At the same time, sodium hydroxide needs to be added to increase the pH value to ensure that part of the ammonia nitrogen exists in a free state.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step e) adsorption extraction, the activated carbon is selected from granular activated carbon particles with a particle size of 1-2 cm, and is filled into the filter bag and activated with hot water between fillings. The hot water activation can remove impurities and gases in the pores of the activated carbon particles, making the pore structure of the activated carbon more open and unobstructed, thereby improving its adsorption performance.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step f) separation and extraction, the waste liquid after adsorption is first pre-treated by a filter bag before separation to remove large particles and impurities therein to ensure the normal operation and separation effect of the centrifuge. After separation, the supernatant is taken for subsequent treatment, and the separated floccules are squeezed, dehydrated and collected by a filter press.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention converts ammonia in urine into harmless nitrogen or other nitrogen oxides and removes phosphates through the synergistic effect of nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria, which not only reduces the nitrogen and phosphorus content in urine, but also improves the biodegradability of wastewater, providing favorable conditions for subsequent biological treatment. Biological treatment utilizes the photosynthesis of algae to convert nitrates into organic matter and absorbs phosphates as nutrients, further reducing the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in wastewater and realizing the resource utilization of wastewater. In addition, the growth of algae also promotes the removal of other pollutants in wastewater.

[0016] 2. The present invention can improve the distillation efficiency and purity by adjusting the pH value of urine before distillation separation, thereby ensuring the stability and efficiency of subsequent processing steps.

[0017] 3. The present invention can efficiently convert ammonia nitrogen in urine into nitrate by setting up nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria, thereby significantly reducing the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the wastewater. Through nitrification, the ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater is converted into nitrate which is more easily biodegradable, providing favorable conditions for subsequent biological treatment. The denitrifying bacteria convert the nitrate in the wastewater into nitrogen gas through reduction, thereby achieving nitrogen removal and denitrification treatment of the wastewater. Compared with the traditional chemical denitrification method, the effect of the denitrifying bacteria is more environmentally friendly and energy-saving.

[0018] 4. The present invention can ensure the stability and efficiency of the nitrification treatment by regularly testing the waste liquid after nitrification treatment and replenishing the bacterial flora, thereby avoiding excessive nitrogen and phosphorus content during the treatment process.

[0019] 5. The present invention can promote the reproduction and growth of algae and improve the efficiency and effect of biological treatment by arranging belt conveyor equipment and full-spectrum lamps in biological treatment.

[0020] 6. The present invention increases the pH value by adding sodium hydroxide during the catalytic treatment, thereby ensuring that part of the ammonia nitrogen exists in a free state, which is beneficial to the electrochemical oxidation reaction of the ammonia nitrogen.

[0021] 7. The present invention can remove impurities and gases in the pores of activated carbon particles by activating the activated carbon before adsorption extraction, thereby improving its adsorption performance and reducing processing costs.

[0022] 8. The present invention can remove large particles and impurities in wastewater by pre-treating the wastewater through a filter bag before separation and extraction, thereby ensuring the normal operation and separation effect of the centrifuge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The present invention provides a method for harmless treatment of urine, comprising the following steps: Step a) distillation separation; step b) nitrification treatment; step c) biological treatment; step d) catalytic treatment; step e) adsorption treatment; step f) separation and extraction; step g) filtration treatment: Step a) Distillation separation: Place urine in a distillation device and heat it to boiling. The water in the urine will begin to evaporate and form water vapor. During the heating process, the heating temperature and heating time need to be controlled to avoid excessive decomposition of other components in the urine or the production of harmful substances. The evaporated water vapor will pass through the condenser and exchange heat with the cooling medium (such as cold water) in the condenser, thereby condensing into liquid water. The condensed liquid water will be collected in the collection device; Step b) Nitrification treatment: The nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria cultivated in the aerobic tank carrier and the anaerobic tank carrier respectively convert ammonia (NH3) in the residual liquid of the extracted urine into nitrite (NO2-), and then convert nitrite into nitrate (NO3-), while the denitrifying bacteria can reduce nitrate (NO3-) to nitrogen gas (N2) or other nitrogen oxides, thereby completing the removal of nitrogen. The nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria need to consume the phosphate content in the residual liquid of the extracted urine during the reproduction process, increase the consumption rate of phosphate, and thus complete the removal of phosphorus; Step c) Biological treatment: Algae are cultivated in algae pools and algae screens, and the wastewater after nitrification treatment is injected into the algae pool. Algae can absorb and use nitrates for photosynthesis, converting them into organic matter, effectively reducing the nitrate content in the water. Phosphates are important nutrients for algae growth. Algae absorb phosphates during their growth, which helps to reduce the phosphate concentration in the wastewater and complete the purification. Step d) Catalytic treatment: Electrocatalytic oxidation denitrification and electro-flocculation dephosphorization. In the electrocatalytic oxidation denitrification process, the residual nitrogen compounds in the wastewater after biological treatment are oxidized to nitrogen gas or other harmless substances at the anode. Electro-flocculation dephosphorization uses the metal ions generated by electrolysis to combine with phosphates to form precipitation, thereby removing phosphates. At the same time, electrolysis technology can kill free nitrifying bacteria and algae in the wastewater, reducing the impact of the organisms on subsequent adsorption; Step e) adsorption extraction: adding activated carbon evenly into the wastewater to ensure that the activated carbon is in full contact with the wastewater so that the activated carbon can absorb the organic matter in the wastewater; Step f) separation and extraction: the waste liquid after adsorption is treated by centrifugal separation, and the different substances are separated by using the difference in sedimentation speed in the centrifugal field, and the suspended matter and tiny particles are further removed by centrifugation; Step g) Filtration treatment: The separated urine wastewater is filtered through a sand core filter device and a reverse osmosis filter membrane, and the filtered filter medium flows into a collection container, thereby completing the final treatment of the urine and obtaining a harmless liquid.

[0025] As a technical optimization scheme of the present invention, the urine is pretreated through step a) distillation separation, the urine is pre-filtered by filter paper to remove impurities, and the pH value is adjusted to improve the distillation efficiency and purity. When the pH value of the urine is too high, hydrochloric acid is added to the urine to lower its pH value. When the pH value of the urine is too low, sodium hydroxide is added to the urine to increase the pH value of the urine.

[0026] As a technical optimization scheme of the present invention, through step b) nitrification treatment, the nitrifying bacteria group is composed of Nitrosomonas and Nitrosococcus, and the denitrifying bacteria group is composed of Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Rhodopseudomonas, Thiobacillus, and Rhizobium.

[0027] As a technical optimization scheme of the present invention, through step b) nitrification treatment, the waste liquid after nitrification treatment is regularly tested, and when the residual nitrate and phosphate content of the treated waste liquid is higher than the preset value, the whole bacterial solution of nitrifying bacteria and the whole bacterial solution of denitrifying bacteria are added to supplement the bacterial community.

[0028] As a technical optimization scheme of the present invention, through step c) biological treatment, a belt conveyor is arranged inside the algae pond and the belt on its surface is completely immersed in the sewage, and a full-spectrum lamp is arranged on the top to provide a light source. The single-cell algae inside the algae pond can adhere to the surface of the belt to form an algae film and contact the top light source during the rotation of the belt to reproduce.

[0029] As a technical optimization scheme of the present invention, through step d) catalytic treatment, the residual nitrogen compounds (such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrates, etc.) in the waste liquid after biological treatment are introduced into the electrolytic cell. On the anode, these nitrogen compounds are converted into nitrogen gas or other harmless substances through direct or indirect electrochemical oxidation reactions. Nitrogen compounds such as ammonia nitrogen can directly lose electrons and be oxidized on the anode surface. At the same time, sodium hydroxide needs to be added to increase the pH value to ensure that part of the ammonia nitrogen exists in a free state.

[0030] As a technical optimization scheme of the present invention, through step e) adsorption extraction, the activated carbon is selected from granular activated carbon particles with a particle size of 1-2 cm, and is filled into the filter bag and activated with hot water between fillings. Through hot water activation, impurities and gases in the pores of the activated carbon particles can be removed, making the pore structure of the activated carbon more open and unobstructed, thereby improving its adsorption performance.

[0031] As a technical optimization scheme of the present invention, through step f) separation and extraction, the waste liquid after adsorption is first pre-treated by filter bags before separation to remove large particles and impurities therein to ensure the normal operation and separation effect of the centrifuge. After separation, the supernatant is taken for subsequent treatment, and the separated floccules are squeezed, dehydrated and collected by filter press equipment.

[0032] In summary: the harmless treatment method of urine effectively removes most of the water in urine through distillation separation, while avoiding excessive decomposition of other components or the production of harmful substances, providing a relatively pure matrix for subsequent treatment. The nitrification treatment utilizes nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria to convert ammonia nitrogen in urine into nitrate, and further reduces it to nitrogen gas, thereby achieving efficient removal of nitrogen. At the same time, these bacteria also consume phosphate during the reproduction process, which helps to remove phosphorus. The biological treatment utilizes the photosynthesis of algae to further reduce the nitrate and phosphate content in the water, thereby achieving deep purification of the wastewater. The steps of the treatment method are closely connected, and the operation is simple and easy. The stability and efficiency of the treatment process are ensured by precisely controlling parameters such as heating temperature, time, pH value, and regularly detecting the pollutant content in the waste liquid and replenishing the bacteria.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for harmless treatment of urine, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step a) distillation separation; step b) nitrification treatment; step c) biological treatment; step d) catalytic treatment; step e) adsorption treatment; step f) separation and extraction; step g) filtration treatment: Step a) Distillation separation: Place urine in a distillation device and heat it to boiling. The water in the urine will begin to evaporate and form water vapor. During the heating process, the heating temperature and heating time need to be controlled to avoid excessive decomposition of other components in the urine or the production of harmful substances. The evaporated water vapor will pass through the condenser and exchange heat with the cooling medium (such as cold water) in the condenser, thereby condensing into liquid water. The condensed liquid water will be collected in the collection device; Step b) Nitrification treatment: The nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria cultivated in the aerobic tank carrier and the anaerobic tank carrier respectively convert ammonia (NH3) in the residual liquid of the extracted urine into nitrite (NO2-), and then convert nitrite into nitrate (NO3-), while the denitrifying bacteria can reduce nitrate (NO3-) to nitrogen gas (N2) or other nitrogen oxides, thereby completing the removal of nitrogen. The nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria need to consume the phosphate content in the residual liquid of the extracted urine during the reproduction process, increase the consumption rate of phosphate, and thus complete the removal of phosphorus; Step c) Biological treatment: Algae are cultivated in algae pools and algae screens, and the wastewater after nitrification treatment is injected into the algae pool. Algae can absorb and use nitrates for photosynthesis, converting them into organic matter, effectively reducing the nitrate content in the water. Phosphates are important nutrients for algae growth. Algae absorb phosphates during their growth, which helps to reduce the phosphate concentration in the wastewater and complete the purification. Step d) Catalytic treatment: Electrocatalytic oxidation denitrification and electro-flocculation dephosphorization. In the electrocatalytic oxidation denitrification process, the residual nitrogen compounds in the wastewater after biological treatment are oxidized to nitrogen gas or other harmless substances at the anode. Electro-flocculation dephosphorization uses the metal ions generated by electrolysis to combine with phosphates to form precipitation, thereby removing phosphates. At the same time, electrolysis technology can kill free nitrifying bacteria and algae in the wastewater, reducing the impact of the organisms on subsequent adsorption; Step e) adsorption extraction: adding activated carbon evenly into the wastewater to ensure that the activated carbon is in full contact with the wastewater so that the activated carbon can absorb the organic matter in the wastewater; Step f) separation and extraction: the waste liquid after adsorption is treated by centrifugal separation, and the different substances are separated by using the difference in sedimentation speed in the centrifugal field, and the suspended matter and tiny particles are further removed by centrifugation; Step g) Filtration treatment: The separated urine wastewater is filtered through a sand core filter device and a reverse osmosis filter membrane, and the filtered filter medium flows into a collection container, thereby completing the final treatment of the urine and obtaining a harmless liquid.

2. A method for harmless treatment of urine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step a) of distillation separation, urine is pre-treated by pre-filtering the urine with filter paper to remove impurities and adjusting the pH value to improve the distillation efficiency and purity. When the pH value of urine is too high, hydrochloric acid is added to the urine to lower its pH value. When the pH value of urine is too low, sodium hydroxide is added to the urine to increase the pH value of urine.

3. A method for harmless treatment of urine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step b) nitrification treatment, the nitrifying bacteria are composed of Nitrosomonas and Nitrosococcus, and the denitrifying bacteria are composed of Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Rhodopseudomonas, Thiobacillus, and Rhizobium.

4. A method for harmless treatment of urine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step b) nitrification treatment, the waste liquid after nitrification treatment is regularly tested, and when the residual nitrate and phosphate content of the treated waste liquid is higher than the preset value, the whole bacterial solution of nitrifying bacteria and the whole bacterial solution of denitrifying bacteria are added to supplement the bacterial community.

5. The method for harmless treatment of urine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step c) biological treatment, a belt conveyor is arranged inside the algae pond and the belt on its surface is completely immersed in the sewage. A full-spectrum lamp is arranged on the top to provide a light source. The single-cell algae inside the algae pond can adhere to the surface of the belt to form an algae film and come into contact with the top light source during the rotation of the belt and reproduce.

6. The method for harmless treatment of urine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step d) catalytic treatment, the residual nitrogen compounds (such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrates, etc.) in the waste liquid after biological treatment are introduced into the electrolytic cell. On the anode, these nitrogen compounds are converted into nitrogen gas or other harmless substances through direct or indirect electrochemical oxidation reactions. Nitrogen compounds such as ammonia nitrogen can directly lose electrons and be oxidized on the anode surface. At the same time, sodium hydroxide needs to be added to increase the pH value to ensure that part of the ammonia nitrogen exists in a free state.

7. The method for harmless treatment of urine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step e) adsorption extraction, the activated carbon is selected from granular activated carbon particles with a particle size of 1-2 cm, and is filled into the filter bag and activated with hot water. The hot water activation can remove impurities and gases in the pores of the activated carbon particles, making the pore structure of the activated carbon more open and unobstructed, thereby improving its adsorption performance.

8. The method for harmless treatment of urine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step f) separation and extraction, the waste liquid after adsorption is first pre-treated by a filter bag before separation to remove large particles and impurities therein to ensure the normal operation and separation effect of the centrifuge. After separation, the supernatant is taken for subsequent treatment, and the separated floccules are squeezed, dehydrated and collected by a filter press.