Lubricating oil composition and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a lubricating oil composition and a preparation method thereof. The lubricating oil composition comprises a tetraphenyl ethylene derivative, a metal deactivator, an anti-foaming agent, a demulsifying agent, an anti-rust agent and a main amount of phosphate base oil, the structure of the tetraphenyl ethylene derivative is shown as a formula (I): # imgabs0 #, and the definition of each group is shown in the specification. The lubricating oil composition has a high spontaneous ignition point, a high flash point, excellent oxidation stability and fluorescence intensity, and can effectively predict the residual life of an oil product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a lubricating oil, in particular to a phosphate ester flame retardant lubricating oil composition with a fluorescent effect and excellent anti-oxidation performance and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Flame-retardant lubricant is a special lubricant product. Because of its good anti-oxidation and high temperature resistance, it can meet the lubrication needs of mechanical equipment under harsh working conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and high speed, such as aircraft engines, gas turbines, and steam turbine generator sets in the power industry. With the development of the power industry, the temperature of superheated steam in high-parameter, large-capacity steam turbine generator sets is as high as 540°C, and the working pressure of the working medium regulating fluid of the speed control system has also risen to 3.0-14.0Mpa. If traditional mineral oil is used as the working medium, because its auto-ignition point is around 350°C, once a leak occurs, it is very easy to cause fire hazards.

[0003] Phosphate ester flame retardant lubricant is a kind of artificial synthetic lubricant. The phosphate ester base oil mainly includes three types: trialkyl phosphate ester, triaryl phosphate ester and alkyl aryl phosphate ester. It has the characteristics of high auto-ignition point, non-flammability and self-extinguishing. It also has good flame retardancy and excellent wear resistance. It can be used in electric power, aerospace aircraft hydraulic systems, and electro-hydraulic control systems of steam turbines. It can greatly reduce the risk of fire caused by oil leakage, which is of great significance to ensuring the safe operation of equipment.

[0004] The service life of fire-resistant lubricants is closely related to their antioxidant properties. By examining the exhaustion of antioxidants, the remaining life of lubricants can be effectively judged. However, the inspection of antioxidant exhaustion often requires the use of instruments such as mid-infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography, which is expensive and time-consuming. Introducing fluorescent groups with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior into antioxidant molecules is conducive to the rapid, convenient and low-cost inspection of antioxidant exhaustion, and then predicting the remaining life of lubricants. At present, there are few literature reports on hindered phenolic antioxidants with fluorescent effects.

[0005] The development of fire-resistant lubricants that can predict their own service life remains a research and development direction for those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention provides a lubricating oil composition and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] The lubricating oil composition of the present invention comprises a tetraphenylethylene derivative, a metal deactivator, an antifoaming agent, an anti-emulsifier, a rust inhibitor and a major amount of a phosphate base oil, wherein the structure of the tetraphenylethylene derivative is as shown in formula (I):

[0008]

[0009] In formula (I), HO is bonded to the benzene ring; y R groups are bonded to the benzene ring; y is selected from an integer between 0 and 4; and each R group is independently selected from H and C 1-10 Straight or branched alkyl; n is an integer between 1 and 10; R1 is independently selected from C 1-20 A linear or branched alkylene group; R2 in n repeating units is the same or different from each other and is independently selected from C 1-20 A straight or branched alkylene group; R3 is selected from H and C 1-20 Straight or branched alkyl; the A groups in the n repeating units are the same or different from each other and are independently selected from The group represented by formula (II), the group represented by formula (III) and the group represented by formula (IV), at least one A group is selected from the group represented by formula (II) and the group represented by formula (III);

[0010]

[0011] The R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-20 Straight or branched alkyl; * in formula (II) and formula (III) represents the terminal bonded to formula (I).

[0012] According to the present invention, preferably, in formula (I), HO is located at the meta position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, y is an integer between 1 and 3, y R groups are located at the para position or ortho position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, and the R group is selected from C 1-4 A straight or branched alkyl group, n is an integer between 1 and 5, and R1 is independently selected from C 1-10 A linear or branched alkylene group, wherein R2 in the n repeating units is independently selected from C 1-10 A straight or branched alkylene group, R3 is selected from H and C 1-10 Straight or branched alkyl; the R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-10 Straight chain or branched chain alkyl.

[0013] According to the present invention, further preferably, in formula (I), HO is located at the meta position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, y is 1, the R group is located at the para position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, the R group is selected from tert-butyl, n is an integer between 1 and 3, and R1 is independently selected from C 1-6 A chain or branched alkylene group, wherein R2 in the n repeating units is independently selected from C 1-6 A linear or branched alkylene group, R3 is selected from H and C 1-6 The R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-4 Straight chain or branched chain alkyl.

[0014] According to the present invention, examples of the tetraphenylethylene derivatives include one or more of the following structural compounds:

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] According to the present invention, the preparation method of the tetraphenylethylene derivative comprises the following steps:

[0018] (1) reacting a compound represented by formula (α) with a peroxide;

[0019]

[0020] In formula (α), HO is bonded to the benzene ring; y R groups are bonded to the benzene ring; y is selected from an integer between 0 and 4; and each R group is independently selected from H and C 1-10 Straight or branched alkyl; n is an integer between 1 and 10; R1 is independently selected from C 1-20 A linear or branched alkylene group; R2 in n repeating units is the same or different from each other and is independently selected from C 1-20 A straight or branched alkylene group; R3 is selected from H and C 1-20 Straight or branched alkyl; the A" groups in the n repeating units are the same or different from each other and are independently selected from The R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-20 Straight or branched chain alkyl;

[0021] (2) subjecting the reaction product of step (1) to a hydrolysis reaction;

[0022] (3) reacting the hydrolysis product of step (2) with a compound represented by formula (β), and collecting the product;

[0023]

[0024] The X group is selected from F, Cl, Br, I, and OH.

[0025] According to the present invention, preferably, in formula (α), HO is located at the meta position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, y is an integer between 1 and 3, y R groups are located at the para position or ortho position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, and the R group is selected from C 1-4 A straight or branched alkyl group, n is an integer between 1 and 5, and R1 is independently selected from C 1-10 A linear or branched alkylene group, wherein R2 in the n repeating units is independently selected from C 1-10 A straight or branched alkylene group, R3 is selected from H and C 1-10 Straight or branched alkyl; the R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C1-10 Straight chain or branched chain alkyl.

[0026] According to the present invention, further preferably, in formula (α), HO is located at the meta position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, y is 1, the R group is located at the para position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, the R group is selected from tert-butyl, n is an integer between 1 and 3, and R1 is independently selected from C 1-6 A chain or branched alkylene group, wherein R2 in the n repeating units is independently selected from C 1-6 A linear or branched alkylene group, R3 is selected from H and C 1-6 The R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-4 Straight chain or branched chain alkyl.

[0027] According to the present invention, in step (1), the compound represented by formula (α) can be selected from cardanol and alkylated cardanol. The alkylated cardanol can be obtained by reacting cardanol with an alkylating agent, for example, tert-butyl cardanol can be obtained by reacting cardanol with tert-butyl chloride.

[0028] According to the present invention, in step (1), the peroxide is preferably one or more of hydrogen peroxide, performic acid, peracetic acid, persulfonic acid, m-chloroperbenzoic acid, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, tert-butyl peracetate, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide and cyclohexanone peroxide, more preferably one or more of hydrogen peroxide, performic acid, peracetic acid and persulfonic acid.

[0029] According to the present invention, in step (2), the hydrolysis reaction is to hydrolyze the reaction product of step (1) with water, and the amount of water used can generally be 20% to 200% of the mass of the reaction product of step (1).

[0030] According to the present invention, in step (3), the compound represented by formula (β) can be selected from one or more of 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoic acid, 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoyl fluoride, 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoyl chloride, 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoyl bromide and 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoyl iodide, preferably 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoic acid.

[0031] According to the present invention, the molar ratio of the compound represented by formula (α), the peroxide, and the compound represented by formula (β) is preferably 1:0.5-10:0.5-10, more preferably 1:1-5:1-5.

[0032] According to the present invention, the reaction temperature of step (1) is preferably 50-100°C, more preferably 60-90°C; the reaction temperature of step (2) is preferably 50-150°C, more preferably 70-100°C; the reaction temperature of step (3) is preferably 50-150°C, more preferably 70-120°C.

[0033] According to the present invention, the reaction time of step (1), step (2) and step (3) is usually as long as possible. Generally speaking, the reaction time of step (1) is preferably 1 to 10 hours, more preferably 3 to 5 hours; the reaction time of step (2) is preferably 0.5 to 10 hours, more preferably 1 to 3 hours; the reaction time of step (3) is preferably 1 to 10 hours, more preferably 3 to 6 hours.

[0034] According to the present invention, a catalyst may be added in step (1), and the catalyst is preferably an acidic catalyst, for example, one or more of concentrated sulfuric acid, zinc chloride, aluminum chloride, benzenesulfonic acid and titanate may be selected, and the amount of the catalyst added is preferably 0.01% to 3% of the compound represented by formula (α). After the reaction in step (1) is completed, the catalyst may be removed by alkali washing and / or water washing.

[0035] According to the present invention, a catalyst may be added in step (2), and the catalyst may be an acidic catalyst or a basic catalyst, for example, one of concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid, concentrated nitric acid, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide, preferably concentrated sulfuric acid, and the amount of the catalyst added is preferably 0.5% to 10% of the sum of the mass of the compound represented by formula (α) in step (1) and the peroxide. After the reaction in step (2) is completed, the catalyst may be removed by alkali washing (using an acidic catalyst), acid washing (using an alkaline catalyst), and water washing.

[0036] According to the present invention, a catalyst may be added in step (3), and the catalyst is preferably an acidic catalyst, for example, one or more of concentrated sulfuric acid, zinc chloride, aluminum chloride, benzenesulfonic acid and titanate, and the amount of the catalyst added is preferably 0.5% to 10% of the compound shown in (α). After the reaction in step (3) is completed, the catalyst may be removed by alkali washing and / or water washing.

[0037] According to the present invention, the reaction steps (1), (2) and (3) may be carried out in the presence of a diluent and / or a solvent, or may be carried out without using a diluent and / or a solvent.

[0038] According to the present invention, the diluent can be selected from one or more of API I, II, III, IV and V base oils. Common products or brands include 150SN, 200SN, 350SN, 500SN, 650SN, 150BS, HVI-100, HVI-150, HVI-200, HVI-350, HVI-400, HVI-500, HVI-150BS, PAO4, PAO6, PAO8, PAO10, alkylbenzene, alkylnaphthalene, etc.

[0039] According to the present invention, the solvent can be selected from water, C 6-20 Aromatics (such as benzene, toluene, xylene and cumene), C 6-10 One or more of alkanes (such as n-hexane, cyclohexane and petroleum ether), solvent gasoline, acetone and dimethylformamide. These solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The solvent can be removed after the reaction is completed using a method known to those skilled in the art, such as under normal pressure or reduced pressure.

[0040] According to a particular embodiment of the present invention, the diluent and / or solvent may be added at any stage of the reaction step according to conventional amounts in the art, without particular limitation.

[0041] According to the present invention, the steps (1), (2) and (3) can be carried out under the protection of an inert gas atmosphere. Examples of the inert gas include nitrogen and argon, and there are no particular limitations.

[0042] According to the present invention, by the aforementioned preparation method, as a reaction product, a single compound can be manufactured, a mixture consisting of multiple compounds can also be manufactured, or a mixture consisting of one or more compounds and the aforementioned diluent (if used). These reaction products are all expected by the present invention, and the difference in their existence forms does not affect the realization of the effect of the present invention. Therefore, in the context of this specification, these reaction products are all collectively referred to as tetraphenylethylene derivatives without distinction. In view of this, according to the present invention, there is no absolute necessity to further purify the reaction product, or to further separate a tetraphenylethylene derivative with a fluorescent effect of a certain specific structure from the reaction product. Of course, the purification or separation is preferred for further improvement of the expected effect of the present invention, but is not necessary for the present invention. Nevertheless, as the purification or separation method, for example, the reaction product can be purified or separated by methods such as column chromatography or preparative chromatography.

[0043] The preparation method of the tetraphenylethylene derivative of the invention has simple steps and high conversion rate in the reaction process.

[0044] The tetraphenylethylene derivative of the present invention has both excellent antioxidant properties and fluorescence effects, and can quickly, conveniently and at low cost determine the exhaustion of the tetraphenylethylene derivative as an antioxidant, thereby predicting the remaining life of the lubricating grease.

[0045] According to the present invention, the metal deactivator can be selected from benzotriazole derivatives and / or thiadiazole derivatives, and common trade names include T551, T561 and the like.

[0046] According to the present invention, the anti-foaming agent can be selected from methyl silicone oil, a copolymer of acrylate and ether, and common trade names include T901, T911, T912 and the like.

[0047] According to the present invention, the demulsifier can be selected from one or more of condensates of amines and epoxides, ethylene oxide propylene block polyethers, polyethylene oxide-propylene oxide ethers, and common trade names include T1001, T1002, and the like.

[0048] According to the present invention, the rust inhibitor can be selected from one or more of alkenyl succinates, alkenyl succinic acids, alkenyl succinates and alkenyl imidazoline alkenyl succinates. For example, one or more of dodecenyl succinic acid half ester, dodecenyl succinic acid and heptadecenyl imidazoline alkenyl succinates can be selected. Common trade names include T746, T747, T747A, LZL703, etc.

[0049] According to the present invention, the phosphate ester base oil can be selected from one or more of tricresyl phosphate, trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, tripropyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, and common trade names include TCP and the like.

[0050] According to the present invention, the lubricating oil composition comprises, by mass percentage, 0.1% to 3% of a tetraphenylethylene derivative, 0.05% to 2% of a metal deactivator, 0.01% to 1% of an antifoaming agent, 0.01% to 1% of an anti-emulsifier, 0.01% to 3% of a rust inhibitor and a major amount of a phosphate base oil.

[0051] The method for preparing the lubricating oil composition of the present invention comprises the steps of mixing the tetraphenylethylene derivative, metal deactivator, antifoaming agent, antiemulsifier, rust inhibitor and phosphate base oil. The mixing temperature is preferably 40° C. to 60° C., and the mixing time is preferably 1 hour to 6 hours.

[0052] The lubricating oil composition of the present invention has a relatively high autoignition point, a flash point and excellent oxidation stability, and also has fluorescence intensity, and can effectively predict the remaining life of the oil product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 It is the infrared spectrum of the product of Example 2.

[0054] Figure 2 It is the NMR carbon spectrum of the product of Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0056] The main raw materials used are from the following sources:

[0057] Cardanol, Shanghai Wujing Chemical Technology Co., Ltd., Industrial Products

[0058] Zinc chloride, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical grade

[0059] Concentrated sulfuric acid, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical grade

[0060] Hydrogen peroxide (30%), Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical grade

[0061] Formic acid, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical grade

[0062] 4-(1,2,2-Triphenylvinyl)benzoic acid, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., chemically pure

[0063] Tert-butyl chloride, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical grade

[0064] Comparison of antioxidant T501, Petrochemical Research Institute Xingpu Company, Industrial Products

[0065] Comparison of antioxidant T512, Petrochemical Research Institute Xingpu Company, Industrial Products

[0066] Toluene, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytical grade

[0067] Dimethylformamide, analytical grade, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.

[0068] Polyol ester (brand 5102), Sinopec Lubricant Company Chongqing Branch, Industrial Products

[0069] Tributyl phosphate, Zhangjiagang Yarui Chemical Co., Ltd., Industrial products

[0070] Metal deactivator T551, Petrochemical Research Institute Xingpu Company, Industrial Products

[0071] Antifoaming agent T911, Hubei Xinsihai Chemical Co., Ltd., Industrial products

[0072] Demulsifier T1001, Petrochemical Research Institute Xingpu Company, Industrial Products

[0073] Rust inhibitor T747, Jinzhou Kangtai Lubricant Additive Co., Ltd., Industrial products

[0074] Tricresyl phosphate, TCP, Zhangjiagang Yarui Chemical Co., Ltd., industrial products

[0075] Example 1 Preparation of tert-butylated cardanol

[0076] Take 100g of cardanol, 8g of formic acid, 0.3g of sulfuric acid, and 200g of hydrogen peroxide, add them to a three-necked flask with mechanical stirring, reflux condenser and temperature control, start stirring and heating. Maintain the reaction temperature at 70°C and react for 3 hours. After the reaction is completed, cool down to obtain a brown-red transparent liquid. Filter the reaction product and wash it with 5% KOH solution, then wash it with distilled water until neutral, and distill the organic phase under reduced pressure at 100Pa and 150°C for 1h to remove moisture and unreacted raw materials to obtain an orange-red transparent liquid epoxidized cardanol.

[0077] Dissolve 35g of epoxidized cardanol in 100ml of acetone, put it into a 250ml three-necked reaction flask after dissolving, add 0.9g of zinc chloride catalyst, start stirring and heating. Maintain the reaction temperature at 60°C, slowly drop 9.5g of tert-butyl chloride into the reaction flask, and continue the reaction for 3 hours after the addition is complete. After the reaction is completed, cool down to obtain a brown-red transparent liquid. Filter the reaction product and wash it with 5% KOH solution, then wash it with distilled water until it is neutral, and distill it under reduced pressure at 1000Pa and 120°C for 1h to remove the solvent, moisture and unreacted raw materials to obtain a brown-red viscous liquid tert-butylated epoxidized cardanol.

[0078] An exemplary reaction formula of the above reaction is shown below.

[0079]

[0080] Example 2

[0081] 20g of tert-butylated epoxy cardanol prepared in Example 1, 0.2g of concentrated sulfuric acid, 10g of water, and 10g of toluene were added to a three-necked flask with mechanical stirring and a reflux condenser, stirred, heated, and reacted at 85°C for 1h. After the reaction was completed, 12g of 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl) benzoic acid was dissolved in 80g of dimethylformamide (DMF) and added dropwise to the flask. After the addition was completed, the reflux reaction was continued for 5h, and the reaction was stopped. The product was washed with water 3 times, and the solvent was evaporated to obtain a tetraphenylethylene derivative W-01 with a fluorescent effect, and the conversion rate was 90.8%.

[0082] An exemplary reaction formula of the above reaction is shown below.

[0083]

[0084] The product W-01 prepared in Example 2 was subjected to infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic carbon spectroscopy tests. The infrared spectrum is shown in Figure 1 The analysis results are shown in Table 1, and the NMR carbon spectrum is shown in Figure 2 The analysis results are shown in Table 2.

[0085] Table 1 Infrared analysis results of product W-01

[0086]

[0087] As shown in Table 1, the product W-01 contains characteristic peaks such as OH stretching vibration peak, C-OH stretching vibration peak, C=O stretching vibration peak, benzene ring skeleton stretching vibration peak, aromatic ester COC stretching vibration peak and cis-olefin vibration peak, which indicates that the synthesized product is the target compound.

[0088] Table 2 NMR carbon spectrum analysis results of product W-01

[0089]

[0090] As can be seen from Table 2, the synthetic product can be confirmed to be the target compound based on the attribution of each C element.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] 10g of tert-butylated epoxy cardanol prepared in Example 1, 0.2g of concentrated sulfuric acid, 10g of water, and 10g of toluene were added to a three-necked flask with mechanical stirring and a reflux condenser, stirred, heated, and reacted at 95°C for 1h. After the reaction was completed, 12g of 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl) benzoic acid was dissolved in 80g of dimethylformamide (DMF) and added dropwise to the flask. After the addition was complete, the reflux reaction was continued for 3h, and the reaction was stopped. The product was washed with water 3 times, and the solvent was evaporated to obtain a tetraphenylethylene derivative W-02 with a fluorescent effect, and the conversion rate was 91.1%.

[0093] Example 4

[0094] 20g of tert-butylated epoxy cardanol prepared in Example 1, 0.2g of concentrated sulfuric acid, 10g of water, and 100g of toluene were added to a three-necked flask with mechanical stirring and a reflux condenser, stirred, heated, and reacted at 110°C for 1h. After the reaction was completed, 50g of 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl) benzoic acid was dissolved in 120g of dimethylformamide (DMF) and added dropwise to the flask. After the addition was complete, the reflux reaction was continued for 6h, and the reaction was stopped. The product was washed with water 3 times, and the solvent was evaporated to obtain a tetraphenylethylene derivative W-03 with a fluorescent effect, and the conversion rate was 90.6%.

[0095] Examples 5 to 11 of the lubricating oil composition and comparative examples 1 to 3

[0096] Examples 5 to 11 and comparative examples 1 to 3 of the lubricating oil compositions were prepared according to the formulations in Table 3. The lubricating oil compositions were tested for 40°C kinematic viscosity, 100°C kinematic viscosity, 20°C density, acid value, flash point, ignition point, copper corrosion, rotating oxygen bomb, thermal oxidation decomposition temperature, fluorescence intensity test (oxygen and after oxidation), foam properties, moisture, chlorine content, etc. The kinematic viscosity at 40℃ and 100℃ was determined by GB / T265 method; the density at 20℃ was determined by NB_SH_T0870-2020 method; the acid value was determined by GB / T7304; the flash point and ignition point were determined by GB / T3536-2008 method; the copper corrosion test was conducted by GB / T5096 method, and the test conditions were 100℃ and 3h; the rotating oxygen bomb test was conducted by ASTM D7098 method; the thermal oxidation decomposition temperature was conducted by DSC method, with programmed temperature rise, no oxygen pressure, and a heating rate of 10℃ / min; the samples were subjected to oxidation stability tests according to SH / T0193 rotating oxygen bomb method, and the fluorescence intensity of the samples before and after oxidation was tested. The testing instrument was F-310 fluorescence spectrophotometer of Tianjin Gangdong Technology Co., Ltd.; the foam characteristics were tested by GB / T12579 method; the moisture content was tested by GB / T11133 method; and the chlorine content was tested by ASTM D7536. The test results are shown in Table 4.

[0097] Table 3

[0098]

[0099] It can be seen from Tables 3 and 4 that the lubricating oil composition of the present invention has a relatively high autoignition point, flash point and excellent oxidation stability, and also has a fluorescence intensity that can effectively predict the remaining life of the oil product.

[0100] Table 4

[0101]

Claims

1. A lubricating oil composition comprising a tetraphenylethylene derivative, a metal deactivator, an antifoaming agent, an antiemulsifier, a rust inhibitor and a major amount of a phosphate ester base oil, wherein the structure of the tetraphenylethylene derivative is as shown in formula (I): In formula (I), HO is bonded to the benzene ring; y R groups are bonded to the benzene ring; y is selected from an integer between 0 and 4; and each R group is independently selected from H and C 1-10 Straight or branched alkyl; n is an integer between 1 and 10; R1 is independently selected from C 1-20 A linear or branched alkylene group; R2 in n repeating units is the same or different from each other and is independently selected from C 1-20 A straight or branched alkylene group; R3 is selected from H and C 1-20 Straight or branched alkyl; the A groups in the n repeating units are the same or different from each other and are independently selected from The group represented by formula (II), the group represented by formula (III) and the group represented by formula (IV), at least one A group is selected from the group represented by formula (II) and the group represented by formula (III); The R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-20 Straight or branched alkyl; * in formula (II) and formula (III) represents the terminal bonded to formula (I).

2. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that In formula (I), HO is located at the meta position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, y is an integer between 1 and 3, y R groups are located at the para or ortho position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, and the R group is selected from C 1-4 A straight or branched alkyl group, n is an integer between 1 and 5, and R1 is independently selected from C 1-10 A linear or branched alkylene group, wherein R2 in the n repeating units is independently selected from C 1-10 A straight or branched alkylene group, R3 is selected from H and C 1-10 Straight or branched alkyl; the R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-10 Straight chain or branched chain alkyl.

3. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that In formula (I), HO is located at the meta position of the chain on the benzene ring where R1 is located, y is 1, the R group is located at the para position of the chain on the benzene ring where R1 is located, the R group is selected from tert-butyl, n is an integer between 1 and 3, and R1 is independently selected from C 1-6 A chain or branched alkylene group, wherein R2 in the n repeating units is independently selected from C 1-6 A linear or branched alkylene group, R3 is selected from H and C 1-6 The R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-4 Straight chain or branched chain alkyl.

4. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The tetraphenylethylene derivatives include one or more of the following structural compounds:

5. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the tetraphenylethylene derivative comprises the following steps: (1) reacting a compound represented by formula (α) with a peroxide; In formula (α), HO is bonded to the benzene ring; y R groups are bonded to the benzene ring; y is selected from an integer between 0 and 4; and each R group is independently selected from H and C 1-10 Straight or branched alkyl; n is an integer between 1 and 10; R1 is independently selected from C 1-20 A linear or branched alkylene group; R2 in n repeating units is the same or different from each other and is independently selected from C 1-20 A straight or branched alkylene group; R3 is selected from H and C 1-20 Straight or branched alkyl; the A" groups in the n repeating units are the same or different from each other and are independently selected from The R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-20 Straight or branched chain alkyl; (2) subjecting the reaction product of step (1) to a hydrolysis reaction; (3) reacting the hydrolysis product of step (2) with a compound represented by formula (β), and collecting the product; The X group is selected from F, Cl, Br, I, and OH.

6. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 5, characterized in that In formula (α), HO is located at the meta position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, y is an integer between 1 and 3, y R groups are located at the para or ortho position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, and the R group is selected from C 1-4 A straight or branched alkyl group, n is an integer between 1 and 5, and R1 is independently selected from C 1-10 A linear or branched alkylene group, wherein R2 in the n repeating units is independently selected from C 1-10 A straight or branched alkylene group, R3 is selected from H and C 1-10 Straight or branched alkyl; the R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-10 Straight chain or branched chain alkyl.

7. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 5, characterized in that In formula (α), HO is located at the meta position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, y is 1, the R group is located at the para position of the chain where R1 is located on the benzene ring, the R group is selected from tert-butyl, n is an integer between 1 and 3, and R1 is independently selected from C 1-6 A chain or branched alkylene group, wherein R2 in the n repeating units is independently selected from C 1-6 A linear or branched alkylene group, R3 is selected from H and C 1-6 The R4 groups are each independently selected from H and C 1-4 Straight chain or branched chain alkyl.

8. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 5, characterized in that The compound represented by formula (α) is selected from cardanol and alkylated cardanol; the peroxide is selected from one or more of hydrogen peroxide, performic acid, peracetic acid, persulfonic acid, m-chloroperbenzoic acid, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, tert-butyl peracetate, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide and cyclohexanone peroxide; the compound represented by formula (β) is selected from one or more of 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoic acid, 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoyl fluoride, 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoyl chloride, 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoyl bromide and 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoyl iodide.

9. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 5, characterized in that The molar ratio of the compound represented by formula (α) to the peroxide and the compound represented by formula (β) is 1:0.5-10:0.5-10; the reaction temperature of step (1) is 50-100°C; the reaction temperature of step (2) is 50-150°C; and the reaction temperature of step (3) is 50-150°C.

10. The lubricating oil composition according to claim 5, characterized in that adding an acidic catalyst in step (1); and / or adding an acidic catalyst or a basic catalyst in step (2); And / or, an acidic catalyst is added in step (3).

11. The lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The metal deactivator is selected from benzotriazole derivatives and / or thiadiazole derivatives; the antifoaming agent is selected from methyl silicone oil, copolymers of acrylates and ethers; the anti-emulsifier is selected from one or more of condensates of amines and epoxides, ethylene oxide propane block polyethers, and polyethylene oxide-propylene oxide ethers; the rust inhibitor is selected from one or more of alkenyl succinates, alkenyl succinic acids, alkenyl succinates, and alkenyl imidazoline alkenyl succinates; the phosphate ester base oil is selected from one or more of tricresyl phosphate, trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, tripropyl phosphate, and tributyl phosphate.

12. The lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The lubricating oil composition comprises, by mass percentage, 0.1% to 3% of tetraphenylethylene derivatives, 0.05% to 2% of metal deactivators, 0.01% to 1% of antifoaming agents, 0.01% to 1% of antiemulsifiers, 0.01% to 3% of rust inhibitors and a major amount of phosphate base oil.

13. A method for preparing the lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising the step of mixing the tetraphenylethylene derivative, metal deactivator, antifoaming agent, antiemulsifier, rust inhibitor and phosphate base oil.

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