Rolling collision type damper and building structure damping system with same

Abstract

The invention discloses a rolling collision type damper and a building structure damping system with the same. The rolling collision type damper comprises a bottom plate, a circular track and a mass collision body. The outer wall of the circular track is fixed on the bottom plate, and the inner wall surface of the circular track is a collision wall; the mass collision body is arranged in the circular track and located at the bottom of the circular track, and the outer wall face of the mass collision body abuts against the collision wall in a rolling mode. When the building structure is excited by the outside, the mass collision body rolls in the circular track and collides with the inner wall of the track to quickly consume energy, so that external response is attenuated; according to the damper, the inner wall of the circular track serves as an arc-shaped collision face, the mass collision body serves as a collision block, the damper is simple in structure and easy to manufacture, meanwhile, the obvious damping effect is achieved, and the damper is simple in structure, easy to manufacture and install, obvious in damping effect, wide in damping frequency band and high in robustness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering structure shock absorption control, and more particularly to a rolling collision damper and a building structure shock absorption system having the same. Background Art

[0002] In order to ensure the safety of engineering structures under extreme loads (such as wind loads, earthquakes, etc.), structural control technology came into being. Structural control technology is a technology that reduces structural vibration and accelerates energy consumption by adding control devices to the main structure or changing the main structure characteristics (such as changing structural stiffness, damping, etc.).

[0003] Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) is a structural control device attached to the main structure. TMD consists of additional mass, spring components and damping components. The additional mass is connected to the main structure through the spring components and damping components. TMD is generally placed at the place where the main structure vibrates more (such as the top of the building structure). The additional mass is relatively small relative to the mass of the main structure. When the self-vibration frequency of TMD is tuned with the main self-vibration frequency of the main structure, the two form a resonance mechanism, the TMD vibrates violently, and consumes energy through its own damping, so that the vibration of the main structure is rapidly reduced. Usually, the size of the TMD additional mass is determined first, and then the required self-vibration frequency is achieved by adjusting the stiffness of the spring component. It is widely used in high-rise and tall structures to reduce the response of the structure under wind loads, so as to achieve the purpose of improving structural safety and comfort. In addition to directly using spring components, the spring components in TMD can also be realized by using pendulums, etc. The purpose of both is to provide a certain amount of linear stiffness so that the self-vibration frequency of TMD meets the design requirements.

[0004] Commonly used TMDs are usually placed on the top layer of the structure. They adjust the vibration frequency of the damper system itself to the vicinity of the basic frequency of the controlled structure. Through the interaction between the TMD and the controlled structure, energy is transferred from the controlled structure to the TMD, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the vibration of the controlled structure. However, theoretical research and practical applications have also confirmed that it has some shortcomings: ① It is very sensitive to parameter settings; when the structural frequency is misestimated or the frequency changes after it is put into use, the shock absorption effect of the TMD is significantly reduced; ② Due to space and usage requirements, it is difficult to arrange the TMD in the theoretically optimal position; ③ The shock absorption effect is easily affected by the type of structure; for example, the shock absorption effect on high-rise flexible structures is significant, but the effect on rigid structures on soft foundations is not ideal.

[0005] Nonlinear Energy Sink (NES) is a type of structural control device similar to TMD. The composition of NES is similar to TMD, and it also consists of additional mass, spring components and damping components, but the spring component of NES is a nonlinear spring, that is, the restoring force generated by the nonlinear spring changes nonlinearly with the displacement of the additional mass.

[0006] Track Nonlinear Energy Sink (Track NES) is a nonlinear mass damper with high frequency robustness, but the nonlinear characteristics of Track NES make its damping performance sensitive to the input energy. In the prior art, the track shape of Track NES is a polynomial, which is complex to manufacture and requires the use of precision instruments for customization. It has a low cost-effectiveness ratio. When Track NES is affected by an earthquake, it is difficult to determine whether the track is deformed and needs to be replaced. It is not suitable for actual engineering, and the noise generated during collision is relatively large.

[0007] Therefore, how to provide a damper that is simple in structure, low in price, easy to install, has a wide shock absorption frequency band, strong robustness and is suitable for actual engineering to achieve structural shock absorption is a problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a rolling collision damper and a building structure shock absorption system having the same, which dissipates energy through the rolling collision of the mass collision body in a circular track and its own rotational inertia to reduce the vibration response of the building structure and achieve shock absorption of the building structure.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A rolling collision damper comprises a bottom plate, a circular track and a mass collision body;

[0011] The outer wall of the circular track is fixed on the bottom plate, and the inner wall of the circular track is a collision wall; the mass collision body is placed in the circular track and located at the bottom of the circular track, and the outer wall of the mass collision body rolls against the collision wall.

[0012] The beneficial effect of the technical solution of the present invention is that the mass collision body can collide with the circular track by rolling along the collision surface, and the collision of the mass collision body and its own rotational inertia can consume energy, thereby reducing the vibration response of the building structure. The structure is simple, the cost is low and it is easy to install.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a fixing member, which is an angle steel, and its two side panels are respectively fixed to the outer wall of the circular track and the top surface of the bottom plate to fix the circular track in the middle of the bottom plate. The angle steel is used as a fixing member to fix the circle in the middle of the bottom plate. After the building structure is subjected to external force, the circular track can be firmly fixed on the bottom plate and does not move.

[0014] Preferably, the number of the fixing members is not less than four, so as to ensure the reliability of fixing the circular track on the base plate.

[0015] Preferably, the mass collision body is a round steel, and the length of the round steel is adapted to the length of the circular track.

[0016] Preferably, stoppers are fixed at both ends of the circular track to prevent the mass collision body from rolling out of the inner cavity of the circular track.

[0017] Preferably, the outer wall of the mass collision body is coated with a sound insulation layer.

[0018] The present invention also provides a building structure shock absorption system, which adopts the rolling collision damper in the above technical solution to fix the base plate on the top floor of the building structure; when the building structure is subjected to external excitation, the mass collision body rolls along the collision wall and collides with the circular track, and consumes energy through the collision of the mass collision body and its own rotational inertia, thereby resonating with the high-rise building.

[0019] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that, through the rolling collision of the mass collision body along the inner wall of the circular track, the damper can have a wider shock absorption frequency band, can effectively dissipate energy within a larger frequency range, reduce the vibration amplitude of the building structure, and improve the safety and comfort of the building structure.

[0020] Preferably, the fixed frequency of the damper is adjusted by adjusting the diameters of the mass collision body and the circular track, and is matched with the fundamental frequency of the building structure.

[0021] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a rolling collision damper and a building structure shock absorption system having the same. When the building structure is subjected to external excitation, the mass collision body rolls in the circular track, collides with the inner wall of the track to quickly consume energy, thereby attenuating the external response. The invented damper uses the inner wall of the circular track as the arc-shaped collision surface and the mass collision body as the collision block. It has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and still has a significant shock absorption effect. The present invention has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and install, has a significant shock absorption effect, a wide shock absorption frequency band and strong robustness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A top view of the damper provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view in;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration principle of the main structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a simplified diagram of the mechanical calculation of the damper provided by the present invention.

[0027] in,

[0028] 1-base plate; 2-circular track; 3-mass collision body; 4-fixed part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] See attached Figures 1-2 , the embodiment of the present invention discloses a rolling collision damper, comprising a base plate 1, a circular track 2 and a mass collision body 3;

[0032] The outer wall of the circular track 2 is fixed on the bottom plate 1 , and the inner wall of the circular track 2 is the collision wall 21 ; the mass collision body 3 is placed in the circular track 2 and located at the bottom of the circular track 2 , and the outer wall of the mass collision body 3 rolls against the collision wall 21 .

[0033] In this embodiment, when external force acts, the mass collision body will roll along the inner wall (collision wall) of the running track. Since the track is circular, an arc-shaped collision wall will be provided for the mass collision body. The rolling of the mass collision body along the collision wall will realize the collision between the mass collision body and the circular track. Part of the energy can be consumed through the collision, and combined with the mass collision body's own rotational inertia, the energy can be dissipated.

[0034] In order to further optimize the above technical solution and improve the fixing effect between the circular track and the base plate, a fixing member 4 is also included. The fixing member 4 is an angle steel, and its two side panels are respectively fixed to the outer wall of the circular track 2 and the top surface of the base plate 1 to fix the circular track 2 in the middle of the base plate 1.

[0035] The bottom plate is made of steel plate, the angle steel and the steel plate can be fixed by welding, and the steel plate can be fixed to the top floor of the building structure by expansion screws.

[0036] In order to further optimize the above technical solution and ensure the stability of the circular track, the number of the fixing members 4 is not less than four.

[0037] In this embodiment, the mass collision body 3 is a round steel, and the length of the round steel is adapted to the length of the circular track.

[0038] In order to further optimize the above technical solution and ensure that the mass collision body can effectively roll in the circular track, blocks are fixed at both ends of the circular track 2 to prevent the mass collision body 3 from rolling out of the inner cavity of the circular track 2.

[0039] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the outer wall of the mass collision body 3 is coated with a sound insulation layer. The sound insulation layer can reduce the noise generated when the round steel rolls and collides with the circular track.

[0040] Embodiment 2:

[0041] See attached Figures 1 to 4 The embodiment of the present invention discloses a high-rise building shock absorption system, which uses the rolling collision damper in embodiment 1, and its principle is:

[0042] The base plate 1 is fixed on the top floor of the building structure; when the building structure is stimulated by the outside, the mass collision body 3 rolls along the collision wall 21 and collides with the circular track 2, and the energy is consumed by the collision of the mass collision body 3 and its own rotational inertia, so that the damper resonates with the building structure, consumes vibration energy, and improves the shock absorption effect of the building.

[0043] In this embodiment, the installation of the damper needs to ensure that its natural frequency (self-vibration frequency) is similar to the fundamental frequency of the building. The fixed frequency of the damper can be adjusted by adjusting the diameter of the mass collision body 3 and the circular track 2, and the material of the sound insulation layer, and the fixed frequency of the damper can be adjusted to near the fundamental frequency of the building.

[0044] The mechanical calculation diagram of the rolling impact damper is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the self-vibration frequency and restoring force equations are derived as follows:

[0045] Formula 1: The friction force on the round steel is:

[0046] Formula 2: The damping force on the round steel is:

[0047] Formula 3: The support force of the round steel is:

[0048] By combining equations 1, 2, and 3, we can obtain the motion equilibrium equation of the round steel on the circular track and the restoring force equation of the round steel:

[0049] Formula 4: Motion equilibrium equation of round steel:

[0050]

[0051] Formula 5. Restoring force equation of round steel:

[0052]

[0053] Formula 6: The self-vibration frequency of round steel is:

[0054] It can be seen from Formula 6 that the self-vibration frequency of the rolling collision damper has nothing to do with the mass, but is only related to the difference between the track radius R and the round steel radius r, that is, the self-vibration frequency of the damper is only related to the moving radius of the round steel center of gravity. Therefore, the self-vibration frequency of the damper can be adjusted by adjusting the radius of the circular track and the mass collision body.

[0055] Formula 7: Figure 3 As shown, the equilibrium equation of the damper is:

[0056]

[0057] Substituting equation 5 into equation 7, we can obtain the equilibrium control equation of the damper:

[0058] Formula 8:

[0059]

[0060] in,

[0061]

[0062] In the above formula,

[0063] l is the radius of movement of the center of gravity of the round steel, l = Rr;

[0064] R is the radius of the circular track, r is the radius of the round steel;

[0065] M is the total mass of the building structure;

[0066] m is the mass of the round steel;

[0067] θ, They are the angular displacement, angular velocity and angular acceleration of the round steel relative to the circular track;

[0068] x、 They are the horizontal displacement, velocity and acceleration of the top of the main structure relative to the ground under external excitation;

[0069] g is the acceleration due to gravity;

[0070] μ is the rail rolling friction coefficient, which is taken as 0.14.

[0071] C is the damping of the main structure;

[0072] K is the stiffness of the main structure;

[0073] It is the acceleration of the main structure due to external excitation.

[0074] The key difference between the damper designed by the present invention and the prior art is the difference in the shape of the track, which is more suitable for practical engineering: the damper designed by the present invention uses an arc as the track and a round steel as the mass block, which is simple in structure, easy to manufacture and still has a significant shock absorption effect. The shock absorption mechanism and operation process of the damper designed by the present invention are simple and clear. The present invention has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and install, has a significant shock absorption effect, a wide shock absorption frequency band, and strong robustness.

[0075] The damper was installed on the top floor of the steel frame model for the shaking table test.

[0076] The test focuses on the shock absorption performance of the rolling collision damper under earthquake action. The shock absorption performance under earthquake action is studied. The shock absorption device is installed on a single-layer steel frame to simulate the earthquake wave vibration table test. By analyzing the top floor acceleration response, the shock absorption effect of the shock absorption device under different mass ratios and different earthquake waves is compared. Table 1 and Table 2 are the comparisons of the top floor acceleration response of the structure under controlled and uncontrolled conditions under the earthquake action of the seismic wave El Centro and the seismic wave Chi Chi with different acceleration amplitudes. The shock absorption effect of the rolling collision damper can be more intuitively demonstrated in the form of numerical values.

[0077] Table 1 Acceleration response and shock absorption effect of the top floor under the El Centro earthquake wave

[0078]

[0079] Table 2 Acceleration response and shock absorption effect of top floor under seismic wave Ch i Ch i

[0080]

[0081] The test analyzed the vibration reduction effect of the acceleration amplitude and the acceleration root mean square of the installed damper. It can be seen from the table that the vibration control effect of the rolling collision damper on the controlled structure under different earthquake wave excitations is quite different. Even for the same earthquake wave, the final vibration reduction effect is different when different acceleration amplitudes are input. The maximum vibration reduction effect of the rolling collision damper under the excitation of the earthquake wave El Centro appears at 0.3g, reaching 34.53%; the maximum vibration reduction effect under the excitation of the earthquake wave Chi Chi appears at 0.1g, reaching 21.65%.

[0082] Through theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental research, it is shown that the shock absorption performance of the rolling collision damper is related to the mass of the mass collision body, the friction coefficient of the track surface and other parameters. And when selecting the test waveform, the spectral characteristics of the seismic wave itself should also be considered. The test results show that the root mean square shock absorption coefficient obtained for the same seismic wave is generally better than the peak response shock absorption coefficient, proving that the rolling collision damper has a strong ability to absorb seismic energy. Compared with the mass ratio being proportional to the shock absorption performance of the rolling collision damper, damping will also have a certain impact on the vibration control results, but the intensity of the input seismic wave has little effect on the suppression effect of the controlled structure.

[0083] The rolling impact damper provided by the present invention has shown good effects in controlling wind and earthquake responses of structures such as buildings and bridges. For example, in wind and earthquake control of high-rise buildings, the damper can effectively reduce the maximum acceleration and the root mean square acceleration of the building structure under the action of pulsating wind, and improve the comfort of high-rise buildings under wind loads.

[0084] The damper consists of a circular track and a mass collision body. The track is fixed to the main structure, and the mass collision body moves along the inner wall of the track. By changing the shape of the track, the required nonlinear restoring force can be generated. This nonlinear restoring force can transfer the vibration energy of the main structure to the nonlinear energy well of the track and dissipate it through the damping element.

[0085] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0086] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A rolling impact damper, characterized in that: It comprises a base plate (1), a circular track (2) and a mass collision body (3); The outer wall of the circular track (2) is fixed on the bottom plate (1), and the inner wall surface of the circular track (2) is a collision wall (21); the mass collision body (3) is placed in the circular track (2) and is located at the bottom of the circular track (2), and the outer wall surface of the mass collision body (3) is in rolling contact with the collision wall (21).

2. A rolling impact damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fixing member (4), which is an angle steel, and its two side panels are respectively fixed to the outer wall of the circular track (2) and the top surface of the base plate (1) to fix the circular track (2) to the middle part of the base plate (1).

3. A rolling impact damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the fixing members (4) is no less than four.

4. A rolling impact damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass collision body (3) is a round steel, and the length of the round steel is adapted to the length of the circular track.

5. A rolling impact damper according to claim 4, characterized in that: Stoppers are fixed at both ends of the circular track (2) to prevent the mass collision body (3) from rolling out of the inner cavity of the circular track (2).

6. A rolling impact damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the mass collision body (3) is coated with a sound insulation layer.

7. A building structure shock absorption system, using the rolling impact damper according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: Fixing the base plate (1) to the top floor of the building structure; When the building structure is stimulated by the outside world, the mass collision body (3) rolls along the collision wall (21) and collides with the circular track (2), consuming energy through the collision of the mass collision body (3) and its own rotational inertia, thereby causing resonance with the building structure.

8. A building structure shock absorption system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixed frequency of the damper is adjusted by adjusting the diameters of the mass collision body (3) and the circular track (2) to match the fundamental frequency of the building structure.

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