Spectral reflection type energy-saving window with air gap response

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building energy-saving windows, in particular to a spectral reflection type energy-saving window with air gap response. The energy-saving window comprises a window frame and a plurality of layers of high-transmittance glass, and an air interlayer is arranged between every two adjacent layers of high-transmittance glass. In two pieces of glass forming the air interlayer in the high-transmittance glass, one piece of glass is sequentially provided with a deformation layer and a titanium dioxide film coating from inside to outside, and the other piece of glass is coated with a titanium dioxide film coating. A plurality of electromagnet sheets are arranged on the high-transmittance glass and used for controlling the thickness of the air interlayer. The air interlayer gap is changed by adjusting the power-on state of the electromagnet, the sunlight transmissivity is dynamically controlled according to the total reflection principle of light, and high-temperature heat insulation in summer and low-temperature heat preservation in winter are achieved. The dynamic temperature control energy-saving window is simple in structure and low in cost, the problems that an existing dynamic temperature control energy-saving window is complex in structure and high in cost are solved, and the winter and summer differential temperature control requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building energy-saving windows, and in particular to an air gap-responsive spectral reflection type energy-saving window. Background Art

[0002] Energy-saving windows have always been a weak link in building energy consumption. The development of advanced energy-saving windows mainly starts from the two perspectives of "enhanced insulation" and "radiation regulation". The insulation performance of existing energy-saving windows has been developed to the limit. For example, the U value of triple-glazed double-insulated glass can reach 1W / m 2 K, and the heat conduction through the window is less than 20W / m 2 , the energy saving potential is limited; however, the solar radiation through the window can reach 800W / m 2 Therefore, it is necessary to regulate the solar radiation entering the room. In terms of indoor heat gain, it is necessary to block solar radiation heat gain in summer to reduce the cooling load, and to introduce sunlight in winter to reduce the heating load. Facing the different needs of energy-saving windows in winter and summer, it is possible to consider proposing energy-saving windows with dynamic control to manage building energy consumption in real time.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent with application number CN202410655032.9 proposes a light-heat regulating energy-saving window, which can switch the orientation of the radiation cooling layer and the Low-E layer by flipping the window, thereby achieving the insulation and heat preservation needs of the cold and hot seasons. However, this patent mainly controls the temperature by flipping the glass, and its structure is relatively complex, occupies a large space, and has a small scope of application.

[0004] The market is in urgent need of an energy-saving window that can achieve high-temperature insulation in summer and low-temperature warmth in winter, and has a simple structure and low cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a spectrally reflective energy-saving window with air gap response, which utilizes the difference in solar altitude angles in winter and summer and combines the glass interlayer gap response to achieve the functions of high-temperature insulation in summer and low-temperature warmth in winter, and has a relatively simple structure and low cost.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an air gap responsive spectral reflective energy-saving window, comprising a window frame, wherein a plurality of layers of high-transmittance glass are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside in the window frame, characterized in that an air interlayer is arranged between any two adjacent layers of high-transmittance glass, and one of the two sides of the glass constituting the air interlayer in the high-transmittance glass is provided with a deformation layer and a titanium dioxide thin film coating in sequence from the inside to the outside, and the other side is coated with a titanium dioxide thin film coating, and the high-transmittance glass is also provided with a plurality of electromagnet sheets for controlling the thickness of the air interlayer.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the electromagnet sheet is a sheet-like structure, and the electromagnet sheet is evenly arranged between the glass surface facing the air interlayer and the deformation layer in the glass containing the deformation layer. A number of electromagnet sheets are also arranged on the surface of the glass not containing the deformation layer facing the air interlayer, and their positions correspond one-to-one with the electromagnet sheets on the glass containing the deformation layer.

[0008] As a preferred solution, a wire for controlling the energization of the electromagnet sheet is provided in the window frame.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the deformation layer is a polyethylene terephthalate layer (PET).

[0010] As a preferred solution, the titanium dioxide coating has a thickness of 0.5 μm-1.5 μm.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the thickness of the air interlayer is 0.1 μm-2 μm.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the window frame and the high-transmittance glass form an angle of 90°.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: Based on the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a spectrum reflective energy-saving window with air gap response. By optimizing the structural design, the present invention has the following technical effects: First, in the present invention, air interlayers are provided between adjacent high-transmittance glass, and the thickness of the air interlayers is controlled by electromagnet sheets. This structure dynamically controls the solar transmittance by adjusting the power-on state of the electromagnets, changing the gap in the air interlayer, and utilizing the total reflection principle of light: in summer, when the solar altitude angle is high, the thickness of the air interlayer is adjusted to above the critical value, so that the incident light is totally reflected, blocking direct light from entering the room to reduce the cold load; in winter, when the solar altitude angle is low, the thickness of the air interlayer is reduced to below the critical value, allowing direct transmission of sunlight to increase indoor thermal comfort. This solves the problem of complex structure and high cost of existing dynamic temperature control energy-saving windows, and realizes the differentiated temperature control needs in winter and summer.

[0014] Secondly, the deformation layer in the present invention is a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer, which is compounded with a titanium dioxide thin film coating. The PET layer has a high elastic modulus and can produce a small deformation in response to the magnetic force of the electromagnet, and cooperates with the strong reflective properties of the titanium dioxide coating to accurately control the air interlayer gap while maintaining high light transmittance. This structure effectively avoids the influence of traditional mechanical adjustment devices on light transmittance.

[0015] The present invention forms at least one air interlayer by arranging several groups of high-transmittance glass on the window frame, arranging PET film and titanium dioxide coating on the surface of the high-transmittance glass, and controlling the thickness of the air interlayer by generating magnetic force through electromagnets. By utilizing the principle of total reflection of light, sunlight with a specific altitude angle can be directionally shielded from entering the room, thus achieving energy saving in summer and heat preservation in winter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electromagnet sheets repelling each other in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electromagnet sheets attracting each other in the present invention; Figure 4 A comparison diagram of the refractive indices of the various structures of the electromagnet sheet repelling each other in the present invention; Figure 5 A comparison diagram of the refractive indices of various structures of the electromagnet thin sheets attracting each other in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the electromagnet sheet in the present invention; In the figure: 1. window frame, 2. high-transmittance glass, 201. outer glass, 202. inner glass, 203. middle glass, 3. titanium dioxide thin film coating, 4. deformation layer, 5. electromagnet sheet, 6. air interlayer, 7. wire, 8. switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that elements, structures, and features in one embodiment may also be beneficially combined in other embodiments without further description.

[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the usual meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which the invention belongs. The words "one", "an" or "the" and the like used in the patent application specification and claims of the present invention do not express quantitative limitations, but indicate the existence of at least one; words such as "include" or "comprise" and the like indicate that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "comprise" include the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprise" and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects with the same function.

[0020] Embodiment 1 In order to more clearly describe the specific structural composition of the air gap response spectral reflective energy-saving window, combined with the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 6 Describe this embodiment: The present embodiment provides an air gap responsive spectral reflective energy-saving window, comprising a window frame 1, in which three layers of high-transmittance glass 2 are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside. Two air interlayers 6 with a thickness of 0.1 μm are formed between the three layers of high-transmittance glass 2, and by controlling the thickness of the air interlayer 6, dynamic regulation of sunlight is achieved to meet energy-saving needs in different seasons.

[0021] On the side of the outer glass 201 and the inner glass 202 facing the air interlayer 6, a deformation layer 4 and a titanium dioxide thin film coating 3 are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside. The deformation layer 4 is a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer with a high elastic modulus, which can produce a small deformation under the magnetic force of the electromagnet sheet 5. The titanium dioxide thin film coating 3 has a thickness of 1.5 μm and has a strong reflective property. Both sides of the middle glass 203 are coated with a titanium dioxide thin film coating 3 with a thickness of 1.5 μm to enhance the light reflection effect.

[0022] A plurality of electromagnet sheets 5 are arranged on the high-transmittance glass 2 to control the size of the air interlayer 6. The electromagnet sheets 5 are sheet-like structures and are evenly distributed between the glass and the deformation layer 4 in the outer glass 201 and the inner glass 202. A plurality of electromagnet sheets 5 are also arranged on the outer side of the titanium dioxide film coating 3 of the middle glass 203, and their positions correspond one-to-one to the electromagnet sheets 5 on the outer glass 201 and the inner glass 202. A wire 7 for controlling the electrification of the electromagnet sheets 5 is arranged in the window frame 1, and the power is supplied by an external power supply or a battery.

[0023] The window frame of the energy-saving window forms a 90° angle with the high-transmittance glass, with a simple structure and low cost. The window frame 1 of the energy-saving window forms a 90° angle with the high-transmittance glass 2, with a simple structure and low cost. By optimizing the structural design, not only the problems of complex structure and high cost of the existing dynamic temperature control energy-saving windows are solved, but also the differentiated temperature control requirements in winter and summer are realized. At the same time, the combination of the deformation layer 4 and the titanium dioxide thin film coating 3 enhances the light reflection efficiency and avoids the influence of the traditional mechanical adjustment device on the transmittance.

[0024] In order to achieve dynamic regulation of building insulation in summer and heat preservation in winter, the present invention is achieved through the following control: Summer total reflection mode: The control wire 7 is energized to make the electromagnet sheet 5 set on the high-transmittance glass 2 produce repulsive magnetism, and the electromagnet sheet 5 on the outer glass 201 and the inner glass 202 tends to move away from the electromagnet sheet 5 on the middle glass 203. Since the electromagnet sheet 5 on the middle glass 203 is directly fixed to the titanium dioxide film coating 3, the middle glass 203 does not move. However, since the outer glass 201 and the inner glass 202 are additionally provided with a deformable polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer, and the electromagnet sheet 5 is arranged between the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer and the glass, the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer undergoes a certain amount of deformation in the direction away from the middle glass 203 due to the surface molecular tension under the action of the force generated by the electromagnet sheet 5, resulting in an increase in the air interlayer 6. Figure 2 As shown, the solar altitude angle of the facade window is equal to the incident angle. The sunlight enters from the outside through the high-transmittance glass 2, passes through the PET film, passes through the titanium dioxide coating 3 and enters the air interlayer 6. The refractive index n of the high-transmittance glass 2, PET film, titanium dioxide coating 3 and air is shown in FIG. Figure 4 The refractive index n of the titanium dioxide coating 3 is greater than the refractive index n of the air interlayer 6. The sunlight enters the light-sparse material from the light-dense material. Because the solar altitude angle in summer is greater than the critical value of the incident angle for total reflection, total reflection occurs in the window, reflecting the sunlight to the outdoors, and the window achieves the summer heat insulation function.

[0025] Winter projection mode: The control wire 7 is energized to make the electromagnet sheet 5 set on the glass produce magnetic attraction, and the electromagnet sheet 5 on the outer glass 201 and the inner glass 202 tends to move toward the electromagnet sheet 5 on the middle glass 203. Since the electromagnet sheet 5 on the middle glass 203 is directly fixed to the titanium dioxide film coating 3, the middle glass 203 does not move. However, since the outer glass 201 and the inner glass 202 are added with a deformable polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer, and the electromagnet sheet 5 is set between the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer and the glass, the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer 4 is deformed to a certain extent toward the middle glass 203 by surface molecular tension under the force generated by the electromagnet sheet 5, resulting in a reduction in the air interlayer 6. Figure 3 As shown, in winter, the electromagnet sheet 5 is charged by the external power supply, and multiple micro electromagnet sheets 5 are embedded between the inner / outer glass and the PET film under the action of the magnetic field to attract and squeeze the air interlayer 6, so that the air interlayer 6 disappears. High-transmittance glass 2, PET film, titanium dioxide thin film coating 3 refractive index n see Figure 5 In winter, sunlight enters through the high-transmittance glass 2, passes through the PET film 4 and penetrates the titanium dioxide thin film coating 3. The refractive index n of the PET film is less than the refractive index n of the titanium dioxide thin film coating 3. The sunlight enters the light-dense material from the light-sparse material. And because the solar altitude angle in winter is lower than the critical angle for total reflection, the sunlight is directly transmitted into the room, and the window realizes the low-temperature insulation function in winter.

[0026] Embodiment 2 Different from the first embodiment, this embodiment adopts a double-layer glass and an air interlayer design, so that it can be used in an environment where the requirements for reflected light are not high, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. The window frame 1 includes a double layer of high-transmittance glass 2 arranged in sequence from outside to inside. An air interlayer 6 with a thickness of 0.1 μm is formed between the double layer of high-transmittance glass 2. By controlling the thickness of the air interlayer 6, dynamic regulation of sunlight is achieved to meet energy-saving requirements in different seasons.

[0027] The double-layer glass is divided into outer glass and inner glass. On the side of the outer glass facing the air interlayer, a deformation layer 4 and a titanium dioxide thin film coating 3 are arranged from the inside to the outside. The deformation layer 4 is made of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer, which has a high elastic modulus and can produce a small deformation under the magnetic force of the electromagnet sheet 5. The titanium dioxide thin film coating 3 has a thickness of 1.5 μm and has strong reflection characteristics. The side of the inner glass 202 facing the air interlayer 6 is coated with a titanium dioxide thin film coating 3 with a thickness of 1.5 μm to enhance the light reflection effect.

[0028] A plurality of electromagnet sheets 5 are arranged on the high-transmittance glass 2 to control the size of the air interlayer 6. The electromagnet sheets 5 are sheet-like structures and are evenly distributed between the glass and the deformation layer 4 in the outer glass 201. A plurality of electromagnet sheets 5 are also arranged on the outer side of the titanium dioxide film coating 3 of the inner glass 202, and their positions correspond one to one with the electromagnet sheets 5 on the outer glass 201. A wire 7 for controlling the electrification of the electromagnet sheets 5 is arranged in the window frame 1, and the power is supplied by an external power supply or a battery.

[0029] The window frame 1 of the energy-saving window forms a 90° angle with the high-transmittance glass 2, and has a simple structure and low cost. By optimizing the structural design, it not only solves the problem of complex structure and high cost of the existing dynamic temperature control energy-saving window, but also realizes the differentiated temperature control requirements in winter and summer. At the same time, the combination of the deformation layer 4 and the titanium dioxide thin film coating 3 enhances the light reflection efficiency and avoids the influence of the traditional mechanical adjustment device on the transmittance.

[0030] It should be noted that although the present invention is described by the above embodiments, the present invention may also have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, it is obvious that those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and deformations to the present invention, but these changes and deformations should all fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An air gap responsive spectral reflective energy-saving window, comprising a window frame (1), wherein a plurality of layers of high-transmittance glass (2) are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside of the window frame (1), characterized in that: An air interlayer (6) is provided between any two adjacent layers of high-transmittance glass (2); one of the two glass surfaces constituting the air interlayer (6) in the high-transmittance glass (2) is provided with a deformation layer (4) and a titanium dioxide thin film coating (3) in sequence from the inside to the outside, and the other surface is coated with a titanium dioxide thin film coating (3); and a plurality of electromagnet sheets (5) for controlling the thickness of the air interlayer (6) are also provided on the high-transmittance glass (2).

2. The air gap responsive spectral reflective energy-saving window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnet sheet (5) is a sheet-like structure, and the electromagnet sheet (5) is evenly arranged between the glass surface facing the air interlayer (6) in the glass containing the deformation layer (4) and the deformation layer (4).

3. The air gap responsive spectral reflective energy-saving window according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of electromagnet sheets (5) are also provided on the surface of the glass without the deformable layer (4) facing the air interlayer (6), and their positions correspond one-to-one to the electromagnet sheets (5) on the glass with the deformable layer (4).

4. The air gap responsive spectral reflective energy-saving window according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wire (7) for controlling the energization of the electromagnet sheet (5) is provided in the window frame (1).

5. The air gap responsive spectral reflective energy-saving window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformation layer (4) is a polyethylene terephthalate layer.

6. The air gap responsive spectral reflective energy-saving window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The titanium dioxide thin film coating (3) has a thickness of 0.5 μm-1.5 μm.

7. The air gap responsive spectral reflective energy-saving window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the air interlayer (6) is 0.1 μm-2 μm.

8. The air gap responsive spectral reflective energy-saving window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The window frame (1) and the high-transmittance glass (2) form an angle of 90°.

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