Plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixed combustion system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel application, in particular to a plasma hydrogen production and oxygen-natural gas mixed combustion system which mainly comprises a natural gas reaction device, a heat exchange device, a carbon powder taking device, a natural gas combustion device, a first gas mixing device, a second gas mixing device and an oxygen production device, and through the design of a gas loop, hydrogen is prepared through the natural gas reaction device first, then oxygen is prepared through the oxygen production device, the hydrogen and the oxygen are mixed into the natural gas through the gas mixing device, and then the natural gas is combusted through the natural gas combustion device, so that the combustion efficiency of the natural gas is greatly improved, more than 40% of the natural gas is saved, a large amount of carbon powder can be recycled, and the emission amount of carbon dioxide is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of methane cracking for hydrogen production technology, specifically to a plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixed combustion system. Background Technology

[0002] As national emission regulations become increasingly stringent, many factories are dismantling coal-fired boilers and upgrading to natural gas boilers. Simultaneously, with the world facing growing energy shortages, research into alternative energy sources is intensifying. Currently, major alternative fuels include natural gas, methane hydrate, shale gas, coal gas, hydrogen, alcohol-ether fuels, and biomass fuels. However, in some regions lacking natural gas resources, supply shortages and seasonal gas scarcity severely impact business production and residents' lives. Furthermore, many chemical plants produce hydrogen as a byproduct, but the supply is insufficient to support boiler systems that burn hydrogen alone. Purifying and compressing this hydrogen source also lacks economies of scale, resulting in many factories failing to effectively utilize hydrogen and releasing it into the atmosphere, thus wasting this clean and high-quality energy. Blending this valuable clean energy source with existing natural gas is the best solution for rational and effective utilization, turning waste into treasure without increasing environmental impact.

[0003] Existing natural gas combustion systems typically use only natural gas as fuel. The combustion efficiency is low, and it produces a large amount of carbon dioxide. For example, when using existing natural gas stoves with a 3m³ gas supply... 3 The heat generated by burning natural gas is 21,000 kcal, the combustion efficiency is about 80%, and the carbon dioxide emission is 5,500 grams. It can be seen that using natural gas as the sole fuel in a natural gas combustion system will result in low combustion efficiency and high carbon dioxide emissions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixed combustion system, so as to improve the combustion efficiency of natural gas, save more than 40% of natural gas; and recover a large amount of carbon powder; and greatly reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

[0005] The first aspect of this application discloses a plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixed combustion system, including a natural gas combustion device, and further comprising:

[0006] A natural gas reaction unit that performs electrolysis and cracking reactions on natural gas;

[0007] A heat exchange device, which is connected to the natural gas reactor and cools the products of the natural gas reactor;

[0008] A carbon powder collecting device, which is connected to the heat exchange device and performs gas-solid separation on the product of the heat exchange device;

[0009] An oxygen generating device that generates oxygen according to the required oxygen concentration;

[0010] A second gas mixing device is connected to the oxygen generating device and mixes the product of the oxygen generating device with natural gas;

[0011] A first gas mixing device is connected to the carbon powder extraction device, the natural gas combustion device, and the second gas mixing device, and mixes the gas products of the carbon powder extraction device and the products of the second gas mixing device before sending them to the natural gas combustion device.

[0012] In one embodiment, the natural gas reaction apparatus includes: a plasma generator, the inlet of which is connected to a natural gas source; a first pyrolysis chamber, the injection end of which is disposed inside the first pyrolysis chamber; and a second pyrolysis chamber, which is connected to the first pyrolysis chamber, wherein the inlet and outlet of the second pyrolysis chamber are respectively provided with baffles, and the baffles are provided with vent holes.

[0013] In one embodiment, the natural gas reaction apparatus further includes: a first insulation layer, which wraps around the outside of the first pyrolysis chamber; and a second insulation layer, which wraps around the outside of the second pyrolysis chamber.

[0014] In one embodiment, the temperature of the electric arc generated by the plasma generator is 800-2000℃, and the spray range of the electric arc covers the space inside the first pyrolysis chamber; the length of the first pyrolysis chamber is 25-45cm, and the diameter is 5-8cm; the length of the second pyrolysis chamber is greater than or equal to the length of the first pyrolysis chamber, and the diameter of the second pyrolysis chamber is 6-12cm, which is greater than the diameter of the first pyrolysis chamber; the diameter of the baffle is 3-8cm, and the baffle is provided with 18-36 ventilation holes, the diameter of which is 0.4-1mm.

[0015] In one embodiment, the temperature of the electric arc generated by the plasma generator is 2000°C, and the spray range of the electric arc covers the space inside the first pyrolysis chamber; the length of the first pyrolysis chamber is 30cm and the diameter is 6cm; the length of the second pyrolysis chamber is 30cm and the diameter is 8cm; the diameter of the baffle is 6cm, and the baffle is provided with 24 ventilation holes, the diameter of which is 0.8mm.

[0016] In one embodiment, the toner collection device includes: a collection chamber; a mounting frame disposed within the collection chamber, the mounting frame having a separation membrane on its surface; a transmission unit, the mounting frame being movably coupled to the collection chamber via the transmission unit; and a drive unit connected to the transmission unit.

[0017] In one embodiment, the transmission unit includes a rotating shaft, both ends of which are movably connected to the collection chamber, and the mounting bracket is disposed on the rotating shaft; the drive unit includes a first motor, the output end of which is connected to the end of the rotating shaft.

[0018] In one embodiment, the transmission unit includes a lead screw and a lead screw nut that are mutually driven and cooperate with each other. The two ends of the lead screw are respectively movably connected to the collection cavity, and the mounting bracket is disposed on the lead screw nut. The drive unit includes a second motor, and the output end of the second motor is connected to the end of the lead screw.

[0019] In one embodiment, the device further includes a catalytic device, which is connected to both a carbon powder collection device and a first gas mixing device. The catalytic device includes: a catalytic chamber; a mesh bag disposed inside the catalytic chamber; and a heating assembly disposed outside the catalytic chamber.

[0020] In one embodiment, the heating assembly includes a heating tube wrapped around the outside of the catalytic chamber, the inlet end of the heating tube being connected to a first inlet of the heat exchange device, and the outlet end of the heating tube being connected to a first outlet of the heat exchange device.

[0021] This application utilizes a combustion system comprised of a natural gas reactor, a heat exchanger, a carbon powder extraction device, a natural gas combustion device, a first gas mixing device, a second gas mixing device, and an oxygen production device. Through the design of the gas circuit, hydrogen is first produced through the natural gas reactor, then oxygen is produced through the oxygen production device, and the hydrogen and oxygen are mixed into the natural gas through the gas mixing device. Finally, the natural gas is burned through the natural gas combustion device. This significantly improves the combustion efficiency of natural gas, saving more than 40% of natural gas. Furthermore, it can recover a large amount of carbon powder and greatly reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of a plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixed combustion system disclosed in the first embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a natural gas reactor;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the heat exchanger in the middle;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the toner extraction device;

[0027] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the toner extraction device;

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 1-Natural gas reaction unit, 11-Plasma generator, 12-First cracking chamber, 13-Second cracking chamber, 14-Baffle, 15-Ventilation hole, 16-First insulation layer, 17-Second insulation layer;

[0030] 2-Heat exchanger, 21-First inlet, 22-Second inlet, 23-Second outlet, 24-Second outlet;

[0031] 3-Toner collection device, 31-Collection chamber, 32-Third outlet, 33-Rotating shaft, 331′-Lead screw, 332′-Lead screw slider, 34-First motor, 34′-Second motor, 35-Fourth outlet, 36-Metal ion membrane, 37-Mounting bracket, 38-Third inlet;

[0032] 4-Catalytic device, 41-Heating component, 42-Net bag;

[0033] 5-Natural Gas Combustion Unit

[0034] 6-First gas mixing unit, 61-Fifth outlet, 62-Fourth inlet, 63-Fifth inlet;

[0035] 7-Second gas mixing unit, 71-Sixth outlet, 72-Sixth inlet, 73-Seventh inlet;

[0036] 8-Oxygen generating unit

[0037] 100 - First pipeline, 110 - Second pipeline, 120 - Third pipeline, 130 - Fourth pipeline, 140 - Fifth pipeline, 150 - Sixth pipeline, 160 - Seventh pipeline, 170 - Eighth pipeline, 180 - Ninth pipeline, 190 - Tenth pipeline;

[0038] 200 - First refrigerant line, 210 - Second refrigerant line. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] In this invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper," "lower," and "outer" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing the invention and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0041] Furthermore, in addition to indicating direction or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in certain situations to indicate a dependency or connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, components, or parts (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, components, or parts. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0044] The inventive concept of this invention is that existing natural gas combustion systems use only natural gas as fuel, resulting in low combustion efficiency and the generation of large amounts of carbon dioxide. Therefore, the technical problem this invention aims to solve is how to improve the combustion efficiency of natural gas and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. To address these problems, this invention provides a plasma hydrogen production and oxygen-natural gas mixed combustion system. This system mainly consists of a natural gas reaction device 1, a heat exchange device 2, a carbon powder extraction device 3, an oxygen production device 8, a first gas mixing device 6, a second gas mixing device 7, and a natural gas combustion device 5. The specific structure is as follows:

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figure 1 The system shown is a plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixed combustion system, including a natural gas combustion device 5. The natural gas combustion device 5 specifically includes a natural gas stove, boiler burner, dryer, etc. used by the user terminal.

[0047] The system also includes: a natural gas reaction device 1, which performs electrolysis and cracking reactions on natural gas. Specifically, the natural gas reaction device 1 is directly connected to a natural gas source through a first pipeline 100. The natural gas source can be residential piped natural gas with a methane content of over 98%.

[0048] Heat exchange device 2 is connected to natural gas reactor 1. Heat exchange device 2 cools down the products of natural gas reactor 1. Specifically, heat exchange device 2 can be a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The second inlet 22 of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is connected to natural gas reactor 1 through the second pipeline 110.

[0049] Carbon powder taking device 3 is connected to heat exchange device 2. Carbon powder taking device 3 performs gas-solid separation on the product of heat exchange device 2. Specifically, the second outlet 23 of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is connected to carbon powder taking device 3 through the third pipeline 120.

[0050] Oxygen generating device 8 generates oxygen according to the required oxygen concentration. Specifically, oxygen generating device 8 can be a molecular sieve oxygen generator. The air inlet of the specific molecular sieve oxygen generator is connected to the air source through the tenth pipeline 190.

[0051] The second gas mixing device 7 is connected to the oxygen generating device 8. The second gas mixing device 7 mixes the product of the oxygen generating device 8 with natural gas. Specifically, the second gas mixing device 7 can be a gas mixer B. The gas mixer B has a sixth outlet 71, a fifth inlet 72 and a sixth inlet 73. The gas outlet of the molecular sieve oxygen generator is connected to the seventh inlet 73 of the gas mixer B through the ninth pipeline 180. The sixth inlet 72 of the gas mixer B is connected to the natural gas source through the eighth pipeline 170. The natural gas source can be residential piped natural gas with a methane content of more than 98%.

[0052] The first gas mixing device 6 is connected to the carbon powder taking device 3, the natural gas combustion device 5, and the second gas mixing device 7, respectively. It mixes the gaseous products of the carbon powder taking device 3 and the products of the second gas mixing device 7 and then sends them to the natural gas combustion device 5. Specifically, the first gas mixing device 6 can be a gas mixer A. The gas mixer A has a fifth outlet 61, a fourth inlet 62, and a fifth inlet 63. The fourth inlet 62 of the gas mixer A is connected to the carbon powder taking device 3 through a fifth pipeline 140. The fifth outlet 61 of the gas mixer A is connected to the natural gas combustion device 5 through a sixth pipeline 150. The fifth inlet 63 of the gas mixer A is connected to the sixth outlet 71 of the gas mixer B through a ninth pipeline 180. At the same time, the gas mixer A can also be connected to an air source through an eleventh pipeline.

[0053] To facilitate control of the fluid flow in each pipeline, solenoid valves are installed in the first pipeline 100, the second pipeline 110, the third pipeline 120, the fourth pipeline 130, the fifth pipeline 140, the sixth pipeline 150, the seventh pipeline 160, the eighth pipeline 170, the ninth pipeline 180, the tenth pipeline 190, and the eleventh pipeline.

[0054] The working principle of this system is as follows (for example, taking a mixture of air, oxygen, hydrogen, and natural gas as an example, which is fed into a natural gas combustion device for combustion):

[0055] First, natural gas supplied by a natural gas source (e.g., 3 cubic meters of natural gas are introduced into the first pipeline 100 and the eighth pipeline 170) is used to initially feed a portion of the natural gas into the natural gas reactor 1 via the first pipeline 100. The natural gas reactor 1 generates an electric field to electrolyze the methane component in the introduced natural gas, ionizing the methane into active ions such as carbon ions and hydrogen ions. Then, under the action of the electric field, the carbon ions and hydrogen ions collide and generate a high-temperature electric arc. This high-temperature electric arc causes the methane to crack under high-temperature conditions, producing... The products are hydrogen gas (e.g., 6 cubic meters of hydrogen gas) and nano-sized carbon powder (e.g., 1500 grams of carbon powder). The products (hydrogen gas and nano-sized carbon powder) generated by the reaction are sent to heat exchange device 2 through a second pipeline 110. Heat exchange device 2 cools the products (hydrogen gas and nano-sized carbon powder), typically from 800°C to 40-60°C (e.g., from 800°C to room temperature). Heat exchange device 2 then sends the cooled products to carbon powder collection device 3 through a third pipeline 120. Carbon powder collection device 3 performs gas-solid separation on the products. After processing, hydrogen and nano-sized carbon powder are separated (e.g., 6 cubic meters of hydrogen and 1500 grams of carbon powder are obtained after gas-solid separation). The hydrogen produced by gas-solid separation is sent to the first gas mixing device 6 through the fifth pipeline 140. Next, air supplied by an air source (e.g., 6 cubic meters of air) is sent to the oxygen generating device 8 through the tenth pipeline 190. The oxygen generating device 8 uses a pressure adsorption-atmospheric desorption (HP) method to process the air to generate oxygen (e.g., 3 cubic meters of oxygen). The generated oxygen is sent to the second gas mixing device 6 through the ninth pipeline 180. The second gas mixing device 7 is connected to another part of the natural gas source through the eighth pipeline 170. The second gas mixing device 7 mixes the oxygen and natural gas and sends the mixed gas through the seventh pipeline 160 to the first gas mixing device 6. Three cubic meters of air are introduced into the first gas mixing device 6 through the eleventh pipeline. The first gas mixing device 6 mixes the air, oxygen, hydrogen and natural gas and then sends the mixture through the sixth pipeline 150 to the natural gas combustion device 5 for combustion.

[0056] The combustion system provided in this embodiment mainly consists of a natural gas reactor 1, a heat exchange device 2, a carbon powder extraction device 3, an oxygen production device 8, a first gas mixing device 6, a second gas mixing device 7, and a natural gas combustion device 5. First, the natural gas reactor 1 generates an electric field to electrolyze the methane component in the natural gas introduced into it, ionizing the methane into active ions such as carbon ions and hydrogen ions. Second, under the action of the electric field, the carbon ions and hydrogen ions collide and generate a high-temperature electric arc. The methane is then cracked at high temperature to produce hydrogen and nano-sized carbon powder. Since the products after the cracking reaction have a very high temperature, in order to avoid the high-temperature products damaging the subsequent process equipment and thus making the entire process unable to continue, a heat exchange device 2 connected to the natural gas reactor 1 is required. The heat exchange device 2 cools down the products after cracking the natural gas reactor 1. Next, the carbon powder extraction device 3 separates the cooled products into gaseous products (hydrogen). The carbon powder extraction device 3 is then connected to the first gas mixing device 6 so that the gaseous products (hydrogen) are introduced into the first gas mixing device 6.

[0057] The oxygen generating device 8 is set up again to generate oxygen according to the required oxygen concentration. The oxygen generating device 8 is connected to the second gas mixing device 7, so that the generated oxygen is introduced into the second gas mixing device 7. The second gas mixing device 7 mixes oxygen and natural gas. The second gas mixing device 7 is connected to the first gas mixing device 6, so that the mixed oxygen and natural gas are introduced into the first gas mixing device 6 together. The first gas mixing device 6 mixes oxygen, hydrogen and natural gas and then introduces them into the natural gas combustion device 5 for combustion.

[0058] Therefore, the above system will greatly improve the combustion efficiency of natural gas, saving more than 40% of natural gas (for example, as shown in Table 1, when natural gas is directly used as a single fuel in the existing technology and fed into the natural gas combustion device for combustion, when 21,000 kcal of heat is generated, 3m³ of natural gas will be consumed). 3 The natural gas has a combustion efficiency of 82.35%, and using the above system, only 1.5m³ of fuel is consumed to generate 20,000 kcal of heat. 3 The natural gas has a combustion efficiency of approximately 160%; it can also recover a large amount of carbon powder; and it greatly reduces carbon dioxide emissions (for example, as shown in Table 2, when natural gas is directly used as the single fuel in a natural gas combustion device to generate 21,000 kcal of heat, it consumes 3m³ of carbon dioxide). 3 The natural gas produced 5500 grams of carbon dioxide emissions, while the system described above consumes only 1.5m³ of natural gas to generate 20,000 kilocalories of heat. 3 The natural gas produced 275 grams of carbon dioxide emissions.

[0059] Table 1 Comparison of Natural Gas Combustion Efficiency

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] The specific calculation of natural gas combustion efficiency is as follows:

[0063] Firstly, the calorific value of natural gas is approximately 8500-9100 kcal / m³ (here we take the common value of 8500 kcal / m³).

[0064] Secondly, given that the intake volume is V = 3 cubic meters, the theoretical heat generated should be Qtheoretical = 8500 * 3 = 25500 kcal, and the actual heat generated is Qactual = 21000 kcal.

[0065] Finally, the combustion efficiency was calculated as follows: Actual combustion efficiency = Q_actual / Q_theoretical combustion efficiency * 100% = 21000 / 25500 * 100% = 82.35%.

[0066] Table 2 Comparison of Carbon Dioxide Emissions

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] To improve the cracking efficiency of methane in natural gas, in this preferred embodiment, the natural gas reaction device 1 includes: a plasma generator 11, the inlet of which is connected to a natural gas source; a first cracking chamber 12, the injection end of which is located inside the first cracking chamber 12; and a second cracking chamber 13, which is connected to the first cracking chamber 12, with baffles 14 at the inlet and outlet of the second cracking chamber 13, and ventilation holes 15 on the baffles 14.

[0070] In this embodiment, a plasma generator 11 is first set up. Specifically, the plasma generator 11 can be a high-current plasma generator as disclosed in the prior art CN216057599U, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1The specific structure includes an electric arc main electrode, an electric arc body with a cathode connection end, and an anode installed in a mounting hole. First, by energizing both the electric arc main electrode and the anode, an electric field is generated between them. This electric field ionizes methane into carbon ions and hydrogen ions. High-energy electrons collide with methane molecules through inelastic collisions, further ionizing methane into active ions such as carbon and hydrogen ions. The electric field then causes these carbon and hydrogen ions to collide, generating a high-temperature electric arc. This high-temperature arc causes the methane gas to undergo a cracking reaction under high-temperature conditions. Simultaneously, the fluidity of natural gas under high temperature and pressure is affected by temperature and pressure. Studies have shown that the fluidity of natural gas increases with increasing temperature. This is because under high-temperature conditions, the movement speed of natural gas molecules increases, making them easier to flow and diffuse. To effectively ensure the residence time of natural gas in the high-temperature environment, a first cracking chamber 12 and a second cracking chamber 13 are set up that are interconnected. During the first cracking of methane in the natural gas in the first cracking chamber 12, the plasma generator 11 will generate products (hydrogen and nano-sized carbon powder) with a very high temperature. After the high-temperature gas continues to flow into the second cracking chamber 13, it will cause the second cracking chamber 13 to have a certain temperature (the temperature at which methane in the natural gas that has not been completely cracked in the first cracking chamber 12 will continue to undergo a second cracking). Therefore, by designing two cracking chambers, the high-temperature environment coverage area is larger, thereby increasing the residence time of natural gas in the high-temperature environment. At the same time, since the density of hydrogen is lower than that of natural gas, hydrogen of the same volume is lighter than natural gas. Therefore, in the same temperature environment, the flow rate of hydrogen is faster than that of natural gas. Based on the above principle, by setting up two cracking chambers respectively in the first cracking chamber 12 and the second cracking chamber 13, the first cracking chamber 12 and the second cracking chamber 13 will be connected. The inlet and outlet ends of the second cracking chamber 13 are equipped with baffles 14, and the baffles 14 have vents 15. Because the hydrogen in the first cracking chamber 12 flows at a faster speed, it can carry some of the natural gas to the vents 15 on the baffles 14 at the inlet end of the second cracking chamber 13. This creates a gas wall at the vents 15, causing unreacted natural gas in the first cracking chamber 12 to collide with this gas wall and then flow back into the first cracking chamber 12 for further cracking. Similarly, the second cracking chamber 13... Because of its faster flow velocity, the hydrogen gas in chamber 3 can carry some of the natural gas to the vent holes 15 on the baffle 14 at the outlet of the second cracking chamber 13. This creates a gas wall at the vent holes 15, causing unreacted natural gas in the second cracking chamber 13 to collide with this gas wall and flow back into the second cracking chamber 13 for further cracking. Therefore, by installing baffles 14 at both the inlet and outlet of the second cracking chamber 13, the residence time of the natural gas in the high-temperature environment is further increased. In summary, the structure formed by the cooperation of the first cracking chamber 12, the second cracking chamber 13, and the baffle 14 with vent holes 15 effectively increases the residence time of natural gas in the high-temperature environment, thereby increasing the efficiency of methane cracking in natural gas.

[0071] In order to effectively maintain the high-temperature environment for the cracking of methane in natural gas, in this preferred embodiment, the natural gas f reaction device 1 further includes: a first insulation layer 16, which wraps around the outside of the first cracking chamber 12; specifically, when the shape of the first cracking chamber 12 is cylindrical, the shape of the first insulation layer 16 is also cylindrical, and the first insulation layer 16 is wrapped around the outer surface of the first cracking chamber 12 in a fitted manner; and a second insulation layer 17, which wraps around the outside of the second cracking chamber 13; specifically, when the shape of the second cracking chamber 13 is cylindrical, the shape of the second insulation layer 17 is also cylindrical, and the second insulation layer 17 is wrapped around the outer surface of the second cracking chamber 13 in a fitted manner.

[0072] In this embodiment, a first insulation layer 16 matching the shape of the first pyrolysis chamber 12 and a second insulation layer 17 matching the shape of the second pyrolysis chamber 13 are respectively wrapped on the surface of the first pyrolysis chamber 12. Through the respective effects of the first insulation layer 16 and the second insulation layer 17, the heat in the first pyrolysis chamber 12 and the second pyrolysis chamber 13 is less likely to diffuse to the outside, thereby effectively maintaining the high temperature environment for methane cracking in natural gas.

[0073] To further improve the cracking efficiency of methane in natural gas, in this example, the plasma generator 11 preferably generates an electric arc at a temperature of 800-2000℃, and the arc spray range covers the space inside the first cracking chamber 12; the length of the first cracking chamber 12 is 25-45cm, and the diameter is 5-8cm; the length of the second cracking chamber 13 is greater than or equal to the length of the first cracking chamber 12, and the diameter of the second cracking chamber 13 is 6-12cm and greater than the diameter of the first cracking chamber 12; a baffle 14... The diameter of the baffle 14 is 3-8cm, and 18-36 ventilation holes 15 are provided on the baffle 14. The diameter of the ventilation holes 15 is 0.4-1mm. More preferably, the temperature at which the electric arc is generated by the plasma generator 11 is 2000℃. The length of the first pyrolysis chamber 12 is 30cm and the diameter is 6cm. The length of the second pyrolysis chamber 13 is 30cm and the diameter is 8cm. The diameter of the baffle 14 is 6cm, and 24 ventilation holes 15 are provided on the baffle 14. The diameter of the ventilation holes 15 is 0.8mm.

[0074] Specifically, when the first pyrolysis chamber 12 is cylindrical in shape, and the length of the first pyrolysis chamber 12 is 30cm and the diameter is 6cm, the shape of the electric arc generated by the plasma generator 11 can also be cylindrical by controlling the power and other parameters of the plasma generator 11. At the same time, the length of the electric arc generated by the plasma generator 11 is 30cm and the diameter of the cross-section (i.e., circular) is 6cm, so that the spray range of the electric arc covers the space inside the first pyrolysis chamber 12.

[0075] In this embodiment, by setting the above parameters, the cracking efficiency of methane is further improved, i.e., the production of higher hydrogen and nano-sized carbon powder, as shown in Table 1 (in Table 1, S1-9 correspond to Examples 1-9, and D1-6 correspond to Comparative Examples 1-6. To show the differences, the similarities between Examples 2-9 and Comparative Examples 1-6 and Example 1 are not filled in):

[0076] Table 1

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] To effectively achieve gas-solid separation of hydrogen and nano-carbon powder, in this preferred embodiment, the carbon powder collecting device 3 includes a collecting chamber 31. Specifically, to facilitate the collection of nano-carbon powder, the collecting chamber 31 has a third outlet 32, a third inlet 38, and a fourth outlet 35. The collecting chamber 31 is connected to the third pipeline 120 through the third inlet 38, and to the fourth pipeline 130 through the fourth outlet 35. The outer wall of the lower half of the collecting chamber 31 is inclined towards the fourth outlet 35, meaning that the diameter of the upper part of the lower half of the collecting chamber 31 is larger than the diameter of the third outlet 32 ​​located below the lower half of the collecting chamber. The fourth outlet 35 facilitates... The separated hydrogen enters the next process through the fourth outlet 35. Then, the inclined outer wall and the third outlet 32 ​​facilitate the guidance of the separated nano-sized carbon powder to the third outlet 32. A mounting frame 37 is disposed within the collection chamber 31. The surface of the mounting frame 37 has a separation membrane. Specifically, to facilitate the adsorption of nano-sized carbon powder, since the carbon powder carries ions under high temperature and its particle size is less than 100 nm, a metal ion membrane with a pore size greater than or equal to 100 nm can be selected as the separation membrane. A transmission unit is connected to the collection chamber 31 via the mounting frame 37. A drive unit is connected to the transmission unit.

[0080] In this example, a metal ion membrane is first used as the separation membrane. Since the pore size of the metal ion membrane is larger than the particle size of the toner, and the toner carries charged ions in a high-temperature environment, the charged toner can be adsorbed onto the metal ion membrane made of metal material through electrostatic interaction. That is, when a charged object approaches a metal object, electrostatic induction will occur inside the metal object, causing free electrons in the object to move to the surface, making the surface charged. Therefore, the electrostatic potential generated by electrostatic induction and the static electricity of the charged object attract each other under the action of Coulomb force, thus causing adsorption. The charged carbon powder can be adsorbed first through the metal ion membrane. When the charged carbon powder completely blocks the pores of the metal ion membrane, the nano-sized carbon powder will fall into the collection chamber 31 due to the obstruction of the metal ion membrane, thereby completing the gas-solid separation of hydrogen and nano-sized carbon powder. Next, by installing the metal ion membrane on the mounting frame 37, which is movably connected to the collection chamber 31 via a transmission part and a drive part, the drive part can drive the transmission part to move the mounting frame 37, for example, by rotating or reciprocating. This movement of the mounting frame 37 shakes off the nano-sized carbon powder initially adsorbed on the metal ion membrane, thus completing the collection of nano-sized carbon powder.

[0081] In order to achieve regular rotation of the separation membrane, in this preferred embodiment, the transmission part includes a rotating shaft 33, the two ends of which are movably connected to the collection chamber 31, and the mounting bracket 37 is disposed on the rotating shaft 33; the drive part includes a first motor 34, the output end of which is connected to the end of the rotating shaft 33.

[0082] In this example, the mounting bracket 37 is placed on the rotating shaft 33, and the output end of the first motor 34 is connected to the end of the rotating shaft 33. Specifically, the first motor 34 can be a servo motor. Since the speed and position accuracy of the servo motor are very accurate, the driving force can be transmitted to the rotating shaft 33 by controlling the forward or reverse rotation of the servo motor, thereby driving the rotating shaft 33 to rotate forward or reverse in a regular manner. Since the mounting bracket 37 is placed on the rotating shaft 33, the rotating shaft 33 can drive the mounting bracket 37 to move in a regular manner (i.e., forward or reverse rotation), thereby making it easier to shake off the nano-sized carbon powder adsorbed on the metal ion membrane.

[0083] In order to achieve regular reciprocating movement of the separation membrane, in this preferred embodiment, the transmission part includes a lead screw 331' and a lead screw nut 332' that are mutually driven and cooperate with each other. The two ends of the lead screw 331' are respectively movably connected to the collection chamber 31, and the mounting bracket 37 is disposed on the lead screw nut 332'; the drive part includes a second motor 34', and the output end of the second motor 34' is connected to the end of the lead screw 331'.

[0084] In this example, the mounting bracket 37 is placed on the lead screw nut 332', and the output end of the second motor 34' is connected to the end of the lead screw 331'. Specifically, the second motor 34' can be a servo motor. Since the speed and position accuracy of the servo motor are very accurate, the driving force can be transmitted to the lead screw 331' by controlling the forward or reverse rotation of the servo motor, thereby driving the lead screw 331' to rotate forward or reverse in a regular manner. Since the lead screw nut 332' and the lead screw 331' are connected by a threaded engagement, the lead screw nut 332' can be driven to reciprocate along the direction of the lead screw 331' on the lead screw 331'. Since the mounting bracket 37 is placed on the lead screw nut 332', it can be driven to move regularly (i.e., reciprocate), thereby making it easier to shake off the nano-sized carbon powder adsorbed on the metal ion membrane.

[0085] To further improve the purity of the gaseous products (i.e., the purity of hydrogen) in the toner device, this embodiment further includes a catalytic device 4 in the plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixing and combustion system. The catalytic device 4 is connected to the toner collection device 3 and the first gas mixing device 6, respectively. The catalytic device 4 includes: a catalytic chamber 43; a mesh bag 42 disposed inside the catalytic chamber 43; and a heating component 41 disposed outside the catalytic chamber 43.

[0086] To further provide the temperature for the catalytic reaction, the preferred heating component 41 in this embodiment includes a heating tube wrapped around the catalytic chamber 43. The inlet end of the heating tube is connected to the first inlet 21 of the heat exchange device 2 through the first refrigerant pipe 200, and the outlet end of the heating tube is connected to the first outlet 24 of the heat exchange device 2 through the second refrigerant pipe 210.

[0087] In this example, the first outlet 24 of the heat exchange device 2 is connected to the outlet end of the heating tube through the second refrigerant pipe 210, and the first inlet 21 of the heat exchange device 2 is connected to the inlet end of the heating tube through the first refrigerant pipe 200. Thus, through the refrigerant heat exchange process, the heat generated by the refrigerant is transferred to the heating tube, thereby heating the catalytic chamber 43 through the heating tube, thus providing the temperature for the catalytic reaction.

[0088] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. For those skilled in the art, this application can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included in the rights of this application.

Claims

1. A plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixed combustion system, comprising a natural gas combustion device (5), characterized in that, Also includes: A natural gas reaction device (1) is used to electrolyze and crack natural gas. A heat exchange device (2) is connected to the natural gas reaction device (1) and cools the products of the natural gas reaction device (1); Carbon powder taking device (3), which is connected to the heat exchange device (2) and performs gas-solid separation on the product of the heat exchange device (2); Oxygen generating device (8), which generates oxygen according to the required oxygen concentration; The second gas mixing device (7) is connected to the oxygen generating device (8) and mixes the product of the oxygen generating device (8) with natural gas. The first gas mixing device (6) is connected to the carbon powder taking device (3), the natural gas combustion device (5) and the second gas mixing device (7) respectively, and mixes the gas products of the carbon powder taking device (3) and the products of the second gas mixing device (7) and then sends them to the natural gas combustion device (5). The natural gas reaction unit (1) includes: Plasma generator (11), the air inlet of which is connected to a natural gas source; The first pyrolysis chamber (12) is provided with the injection end of the plasma generator (11) located inside the first pyrolysis chamber (12); The second pyrolysis chamber (13) is connected to the first pyrolysis chamber (12). The air inlet and air outlet of the second pyrolysis chamber (13) are respectively provided with baffles (14), and the baffles (14) are provided with ventilation holes (15). The arc generated by the plasma generator (11) covers the space inside the first pyrolysis chamber (12); The length of the second pyrolysis chamber (13) is greater than or equal to the length of the first pyrolysis chamber (12), and the diameter of the second pyrolysis chamber (13) is greater than the diameter of the first pyrolysis chamber (12).

2. The plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixing and combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The natural gas reaction unit (1) also includes: The first insulation layer (16) is wrapped around the outside of the first pyrolysis chamber (12); The second insulation layer (17) is wrapped around the outside of the second pyrolysis chamber (13).

3. The plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixing and combustion system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The temperature of the electric arc generated by the plasma generator (11) is 800-2000℃; The first pyrolysis chamber (12) has a length of 25-45cm and a diameter of 5-8cm; The diameter of the second pyrolysis chamber (13) is 6-12 cm; The diameter of the baffle (14) is 3-8cm, and the baffle (14) is provided with 18-36 ventilation holes (15), the diameter of the ventilation holes (15) is 0.4-1mm.

4. The plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixed combustion system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... : The temperature of the electric arc generated by the plasma generator (11) is 2000°C, and the spray range of the electric arc covers the space inside the first pyrolysis chamber (12); The first pyrolysis chamber (12) has a length of 30cm and a diameter of 6cm; The second pyrolysis chamber (13) is 30cm long and 8cm in diameter; The diameter of the baffle (14) is 6cm, and the baffle (14) is provided with 24 ventilation holes (15), the diameter of the ventilation holes (15) is 0.8mm.

5. The plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixed combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon powder taking device (3) includes: Collection chamber (31); Mounting bracket (37) is disposed in the collection chamber (31), and the surface of the mounting bracket (37) has a separation membrane; The transmission part, the mounting bracket (37) is movably engaged with the collection cavity (31) through the transmission part; A drive unit, which is connected to the transmission unit.

6. The plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixing and combustion system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission unit includes a rotating shaft (33), the two ends of which are movably connected to the collection chamber (31), and the mounting bracket (37) is disposed on the rotating shaft (33); The drive unit includes a first motor (34), the output end of which is connected to the end of the rotating shaft (33).

7. The plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixing and combustion system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission unit includes a lead screw (331') and a lead screw nut (332') that are mutually driven and cooperate with each other. The two ends of the lead screw (331') are respectively movably connected to the collection chamber (31), and the mounting bracket (37) is disposed on the lead screw nut (332'). The drive unit includes a second motor (34'), the output end of which is connected to the end of the lead screw (331').

8. The plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixed combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a catalytic device (4), which is connected to the carbon powder taking device (3) and the first gas mixing device (6) respectively. The catalytic device (4) includes: Catalytic chamber (43); A net (42) is disposed inside the catalytic chamber (43); A heating assembly (41) is disposed outside the catalytic chamber (43).

9. The plasma hydrogen production and oxygen and natural gas mixing and combustion system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heating assembly (41) includes a heating tube wrapped around the outside of the catalytic chamber (43). The inlet end of the heating tube is connected to the first inlet (21) of the heat exchange device (2), and the outlet end of the heating tube is connected to the first outlet (24) of the heat exchange device (2).

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