Heat exchanger suitable for severe working conditions and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat exchanger suitable for severe working conditions and a using method thereof.The heat exchanger comprises an outer shell, a hot fluid inlet and a hot fluid outlet are formed in the two ends of the outer shell, and a fixed heat exchange unit and a movable heat exchange unit are arranged in the outer shell in a staggered mode; each fixed heat exchange unit comprises two fixed liquid passing pipes and a fixed heat exchange pipe arranged between the two fixed liquid passing pipes; the movable heat exchange unit comprises movable liquid passing pipes and a movable heat exchange pipe arranged between the two movable liquid passing pipes. According to the heat exchanger, the lifting assembly capable of moving the movable heat exchange units up and down is arranged on the heat exchanger outer shell, then the positions of the fixed heat exchange pipes and the movable heat exchange pipes on the fixed liquid passing pipes and the movable liquid passing pipes can be staggered up and down, and when the fixed heat exchange pipes and the movable heat exchange pipes are flush and opposite, the circulation performance of the heat exchanger can be improved; and when the positions of the fixed heat exchange pipe and the movable heat exchange pipe are staggered up and down, the heat exchange work can be more sufficient, and the heat exchange effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of heat exchanger equipment, and specifically relates to a heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions and a method of using the same. Background Art

[0002] Heat exchanger, also known as heat exchanger, is an energy-saving device that realizes heat transfer between materials between two or more fluids at different temperatures. It plays an important role in chemical, petroleum, power, food and many other industrial production. Its main function is to ensure the specific temperature required by the process for the medium. Through convection heat transfer and heat conduction, heat is transferred from the higher temperature fluid to the lower temperature fluid, so that the fluid temperature reaches the specified index of the process to meet the needs of the process conditions.

[0003] There are many types of heat exchangers on the market, but these conventional heat exchangers are difficult to work normally under some harsh working conditions. For example, the internal heat exchange pipe structure of most heat exchangers is fixed and the gap is small, which can perform some normal liquid flow heat exchange, but for some hot fluid heat exchange containing a large amount of impurities, this fixed structure of the heat exchange pipe is easily blocked, thereby affecting the normal flow of the hot fluid. In view of this, it is necessary to propose a heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions to solve the problem that the above heat exchanger is easily blocked due to the large amount of impurities in the hot fluid. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions and a method of using the same, which can effectively solve the problem that the existing heat exchanger is easily blocked due to high impurity content in the hot fluid.

[0005] The technical solution to solve the technical problem in this application is as follows:

[0006] According to one aspect of the present application, a heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions is provided, which includes an outer shell, a plurality of fixed heat exchange units, a plurality of movable heat exchange units, and a lifting assembly.

[0007] The two ends of the outer shell are respectively arranged with a hot fluid inlet and a hot fluid outlet.

[0008] Each of the fixed heat exchange units includes two fixed liquid pipes arranged opposite to each other and a plurality of fixed heat exchange pipes evenly spaced and connected between the two fixed liquid pipes. The two fixed liquid pipes are respectively connected with a first cold fluid inlet and a first cold fluid outlet.

[0009] Each of the movable heat exchange units includes two movable liquid pipes arranged opposite to each other and a plurality of movable heat exchange tubes evenly spaced and connected between the two movable liquid pipes. The ends on the same side of the two movable liquid pipes are respectively connected with a second cold fluid inlet and a second cold fluid outlet, and movable sleeves are respectively arranged on the outer side of the movable liquid pipe body near the second cold fluid inlet or the second cold fluid outlet.

[0010] The lifting assembly comprises a fixed connecting plate and a threaded rotating rod threadedly connected to the fixed connecting plate.

[0011] Wherein: the fixed heat exchange units and the movable heat exchange units are arranged alternately at intervals inside the outer shell, the first cold fluid inlet and the first cold fluid outlet respectively penetrate the outer shell and extend to the outside, the movable liquid pipes respectively penetrate the outer shell through the movable sleeves on their own tube bodies and are movably connected thereto, the two ends of the fixed connecting plate are respectively fixedly connected to the movable sleeves on both sides, the bottom end of the threaded rotating rod is rotatably connected to the outer shell, and when the threaded rotating rod is rotated forward or reversely, the movable heat exchange units are driven to move upward or downward synchronously through the fixed connecting plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a turning handle is provided on the threaded turning rod.

[0013] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided between each movable sleeve and the outer shell.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixed heat exchange tube is in an elliptical tube shape, and the major diameter of each fixed heat exchange tube between two fixed liquid pipes on each fixed heat exchange unit is arranged horizontally.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present application, a method for using a heat exchanger suitable for severe working conditions is provided, comprising:

[0016] The hot fluid inlet and the hot fluid outlet of the heat exchanger described in the above technical solution are connected to the hot fluid pipeline respectively, so that the hot fluid enters and is discharged from the outer shell from the hot fluid inlet and the hot fluid outlet respectively.

[0017] The first cold fluid inlet and the first cold fluid outlet of each fixed heat exchange unit and the second cold fluid inlet and the second cold fluid outlet of each movable heat exchange unit are respectively connected to the cold fluid pipeline, and the cold fluid exchanges heat with the hot fluid inside the outer shell in the process of passing through the fixed liquid pipes, fixed heat exchange tubes, movable liquid pipes and movable heat exchange tubes.

[0018] According to the impurity content in the hot fluid, by rotating the threaded rotating rod in the lifting assembly forward or reversely, the movable heat exchange tubes of each movable heat exchange unit are driven to move upward or downward synchronously through the fixed connecting plate, and the staggered gap positions of each fixed heat exchange tube in the adjacent fixed heat exchange unit and each movable heat exchange tube in the movable heat exchange unit are adjusted to ensure the normal flow of the hot fluid in the outer shell.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present application, a heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions is provided. On the basis of the heat exchanger structure described in the above technical solution, it also includes: the movable heat exchange tube is elliptical, and its two ends are respectively connected to the two movable liquid pipes through rotating joints, and one side or both side ends of the movable heat exchange tube are respectively fixed with gears, and the outer side of the gear is connected to a driving component for driving the movable heat exchange tube to rotate forward or reversely, and the upper end of the driving component passes through the movable sleeve and is located outside the outer shell; the driving component includes a connecting rod, a bolt and a plurality of racks, and the The connecting rod is located on the upper side of each movable sleeve, the upper part of the bolt is rotatably connected to the connecting rod through a bearing, the lower end of the bolt is threadedly connected to one of the movable sleeves, the upper ends of each rack respectively penetrate each movable sleeve and are fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod, and the lower ends are located in the outer shell and meshed with the gears at the ends of each movable heat exchange tube. When the bolt is rotated forward or reversely, the bolt is screwed into or out of the movable sleeve, and the rack is driven to move forward and backward through the connecting rod, and the movable heat exchange tubes are driven to rotate through the gears meshed with the rack.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present application, a method for using a heat exchanger suitable for severe working conditions is provided, comprising:

[0021] The hot fluid inlet and the hot fluid outlet of the heat exchanger described in the above technical solution are connected to the hot fluid pipeline respectively, so that the hot fluid enters and is discharged from the outer shell from the hot fluid inlet and the hot fluid outlet respectively.

[0022] The first cold fluid inlet and the first cold fluid outlet of each fixed heat exchange unit and the second cold fluid inlet and the second cold fluid outlet of each movable heat exchange unit are respectively connected to the cold fluid pipeline, and the cold fluid exchanges heat with the hot fluid inside the outer shell in the process of passing through the fixed liquid pipes, fixed heat exchange tubes, movable liquid pipes and movable heat exchange tubes.

[0023] According to the impurity content in the hot fluid, by rotating the threaded rotating rod in the lifting assembly forward or reversely, the movable heat exchange tubes of each movable heat exchange unit are driven to move upward or downward synchronously through the fixed connecting plate, and the staggered gap positions of each fixed heat exchange tube in the adjacent fixed heat exchange unit and each movable heat exchange tube in the movable heat exchange unit are adjusted to ensure the normal flow of the hot fluid in the outer shell.

[0024] According to the impurity content in the hot fluid, the bolt is screwed into or out of the movable sleeve by rotating it forward or reversely, and the rack is driven to move forward and backward through the connecting rod, and the movable heat exchange tubes are driven to rotate through the gears meshing with the rack, thereby changing the large diameter position state of the elliptical movable heat exchange tubes to ensure the normal flow of the hot fluid in the outer shell.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions and the use method thereof described in the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The heat exchanger described in the present application is provided with a plurality of staggered fixed heat exchange units and movable heat exchange units and a lifting assembly connected to each movable heat exchange unit, so that the position of each movable heat exchange tube of each movable heat exchange unit can be lifted up and down, and then the staggered position of each fixed heat exchange tube and movable heat exchange tube on adjacent fixed heat exchange units and movable heat exchange units can be adjusted according to the impurity content of the hot fluid: when the impurity content of the hot fluid is high, the movable heat exchange tubes between the movable liquid tubes and the fixed heat exchange tubes between the fixed liquid tubes are aligned with each other by the lifting assembly, which can increase the fluidity of the heat exchanger and avoid blockage of the heat exchanger; when the impurity content of the hot fluid is low, the movable heat exchange tubes between the movable liquid tubes and the fixed heat exchange tubes between the fixed liquid tubes are staggered up and down by the lifting assembly, which can make the heat exchange work more sufficient and improve the heat exchange effect.

[0027] (2) In the present application, by installing a rotating joint and a gear on the movable heat exchange tube, the movable heat exchange tube can be driven to rotate by the rack in the driving assembly to change the working state of the movable heat exchange tube, so that the major diameter of the movable heat exchange tube is horizontal to increase the fluidity of the liquid, or the major diameter of the movable heat exchange tube is vertical to ensure more comprehensive contact with the liquid, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer shell of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed liquid-passing pipe and the movable liquid-passing pipe of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the movable sleeve of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the top-sectional structure of the connection between the movable heat exchange tube and the movable liquid passage tube of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1, outer shell; 2, hot fluid inlet; 3, hot fluid outlet; 4, fixed liquid pipe; 5, first cold fluid inlet; 6, first cold fluid outlet; 7, fixed heat exchange tube; 8, movable liquid pipe; 9, second cold fluid inlet; 10, second cold fluid outlet; 11, movable heat exchange tube; 12, movable sleeve; 13, sealing ring; 14, fixed connecting plate; 15, turning handle; 16, connecting rod; 17, bolt; 18, rack; 19, rotating joint; 20, gear; 21, threaded turning rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein should be the usual meanings understood by people with general skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. The "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back" and the like used in the patent application specification and claims of the present disclosure are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship also changes accordingly; "connection" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The places not described in detail in this application are all known technologies of technicians in the field of this technology.

[0036] Embodiment 1:

[0037] As attached Figure 1-6 As shown, the present application provides a heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions, which includes an outer shell 1, a plurality of fixed heat exchange units, a plurality of movable heat exchange units and a lifting assembly.

[0038] The outer shell 1 is the shell of the entire heat exchanger, and its two ends are respectively set as a hot fluid inlet 2 and a hot fluid outlet 3, which are used to connect to the hot fluid pipeline to obtain a hot fluid with a higher temperature, so that the hot fluid enters the outer shell 1 from the hot fluid inlet 2 and is discharged from the hot fluid outlet 3.

[0039] Each fixed heat exchange unit includes two fixed liquid pipes 4 arranged opposite to each other and a plurality of fixed heat exchange tubes 7 evenly spaced and connected between the two fixed liquid pipes 4, one of the fixed liquid pipes 4 is connected with a first cold fluid inlet 5, and the other fixed liquid pipe 4 is connected with a first cold fluid outlet 6, and the first cold fluid inlet 5 and the first cold fluid outlet 6 are used to connect to the cold fluid pipeline so as to deliver the cold fluid to exchange heat with the hot fluid in the outer shell 1.

[0040] Each movable heat exchange unit includes two movable liquid pipes 8 arranged opposite to each other and a plurality of movable heat exchange tubes 11 evenly spaced and connected between the two movable liquid pipes 8. The ends on the same side of the two movable liquid pipes 8 are respectively connected with a second cold fluid inlet 9 and a second cold fluid outlet 10. Movable sleeves 12 are respectively arranged on the outer side of the tube body of the movable liquid pipe 8 near the second cold fluid inlet 9 or the second cold fluid outlet 10. The second cold fluid inlet 9 and the second cold fluid outlet 10 are connected to the cold fluid pipeline so as to deliver cold fluid to exchange heat with the hot fluid in the outer shell 1.

[0041] The lifting assembly includes a fixed connecting plate 14 and a threaded rotating rod 21 threadedly connected to the fixed connecting plate 14 .

[0042] Wherein: each fixed heat exchange unit and the movable heat exchange unit are evenly and staggeredly arranged on the inner side of the outer shell 1, the first cold fluid inlet 5 and the first cold fluid outlet 6 of each fixed heat exchange unit respectively penetrate the outer shell 1 and extend to the outside, the movable liquid pipe 8 of each movable heat exchange unit respectively penetrates the outer shell 1 through the movable sleeve 12 on its own pipe body and is movably connected thereto, the two ends of the fixed connecting plate 14 are respectively fixedly connected to the movable sleeves 12 on both sides, the bottom end of the threaded rotating rod 21 is rotatably connected to the outer shell 1, and when the threaded rotating rod 21 is rotated forward or reversely, the fixed connecting plate 14 drives each movable heat exchange unit to move upward or downward synchronously, so as to realize the adjustment of the staggered positions between each movable heat exchange tube and the fixed heat exchange tube of adjacent movable heat exchange units and fixed heat exchange units.

[0043] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the rotation of the threaded rotating rod 21 , a turning handle 15 is provided on the threaded rotating rod 21 .

[0044] In this embodiment, a sealing ring 13 is provided between each movable sleeve 12 and the outer shell 1. The design of the sealing ring 13 can ensure that the movable liquid tube 8 can move up and down, and can avoid fluid leakage at the connection between the outer shell 1 and the movable sleeve 12.

[0045] In this embodiment, the fixed heat exchange tube 7 is in the shape of an elliptical tube, and the major diameter of each fixed heat exchange tube 7 between two fixed liquid pipes 4 on each fixed heat exchange unit is arranged horizontally, which reduces the effect of blocking the flow of the hot fluid, increases the contact area between the fixed heat exchange tube 7 and the hot fluid, and improves the heat exchange effect.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the present application provides a method for using a heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions, which includes:

[0048] The hot fluid inlet 2 and the hot fluid outlet 3 of the heat exchanger in Example 1 are connected to the hot fluid pipeline respectively, so that the hot fluid enters and is discharged from the outer shell 1 from the hot fluid inlet 2 and the hot fluid outlet 3 respectively.

[0049] The first cold fluid inlet 5 and the first cold fluid outlet 6 of each fixed heat exchange unit and the second cold fluid inlet 9 and the second cold fluid outlet 10 of each movable heat exchange unit are respectively connected to the cold fluid pipeline, and the cold fluid exchanges heat with the hot fluid inside the outer shell 1 in the process of passing through the fixed liquid pipes 4, the fixed heat exchange tubes 7, the movable liquid pipes 8 and the movable heat exchange tubes 11.

[0050] According to the impurity content in the hot fluid, by rotating the threaded rotating rod 21 in the lifting assembly forward or reverse, the movable heat exchange tubes 11 of each movable heat exchange unit are driven to move upward or downward synchronously through the fixed connecting plate 14, and the staggered gap positions of each fixed heat exchange tube 7 in the adjacent fixed heat exchange unit and each movable heat exchange tube 11 in the movable heat exchange unit are adjusted to ensure the normal flow of the hot fluid in the outer shell 1.

[0051] Under normal working conditions, the fixed heat exchange tubes 7 on the fixed liquid-through pipe 4 and the movable heat exchange tubes 11 on the movable liquid-through pipe 8 are horizontally staggered up and down, so that the hot fluid flowing through the outer shell 1 can contact the fixed heat exchange tubes 7 and the movable heat exchange tubes 11 more fully, thereby improving the heat exchange effect.

[0052] When the hot fluid contains a lot of impurities, the working condition of the heat exchanger is relatively poor. If the fixed heat exchange tube 7 and the movable heat exchange tube 11 are arranged in the normal working state, it is easy to cause the impurities in the hot fluid to block the gap between the fixed heat exchange tube 7 and the movable heat exchange tube 11, affecting the normal flow of the hot fluid; therefore, the handle 15 can be turned to adjust the position of the movable sleeve 12 on the outer shell 1 up and down through the fixed connecting plate 14, and the position of each movable liquid pipe 8 can be moved up and down, thereby changing the working position of each movable heat exchange tube 11, so that each movable heat exchange tube 11 can be adjusted to a position flush with each fixed heat exchange tube 7, effectively reducing the subsequent obstacles to the flow of hot fluid caused by the fixed heat exchange tube 7 and the movable heat exchange tube 11, and ensuring the normal heat exchange work.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] On the basis of the heat exchanger structure in Example 1, a heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions is provided, wherein the movable heat exchange tube 11 is elliptical, and the two ends of each movable heat exchange tube 11 are respectively connected to two movable liquid pipes 8 through a rotary joint 19, and a gear 20 is fixedly provided on one side or both sides of the movable heat exchange tube 11, and a driving component for driving the movable heat exchange tube 11 to rotate forward or reverse is connected to the outer side of the gear 20, and the upper end of the driving component passes through the movable sleeve 12 and is located on the outer side of the outer shell 1; the driving component includes a connecting rod 16, a bolt 17 and a plurality of racks 18, and the connecting rod 16 is located on the upper side of each movable sleeve 12 The upper part of the bolt 17 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 16 through a bearing, and the lower end of the bolt 17 is threadedly connected to one of the movable sleeves 12. The upper ends of each rack 18 respectively penetrate each movable sleeve 12 and are fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod 16. The lower end is located in the outer shell 1 and is meshed with the gear 20 at the end of each movable heat exchange tube 11. When the bolt 17 is rotated forward or reversely, the bolt 17 is screwed into or out of the movable sleeve 12, and the rack 18 is driven to move forward or backward through the connecting rod 16, and the movable heat exchange tubes 11 are driven to rotate through the gears 20 meshed with the rack 18, thereby changing the state of the major diameter of the elliptical movable heat exchange tube 11.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] A method for using a heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions in Example 3, based on the method for using the heat exchanger in Example 2, further includes:

[0057] According to the specific situation of the impurity content in the hot fluid, the bolt 17 is rotated forward or reversely to screw it into or out of the movable sleeve 12, and the position of the connecting rod 16 is adjusted up and down. The rack 18 is driven to move forward and backward through the connecting rod 16, and the movable heat exchange tubes 11 are driven to rotate through the gears 20 meshing with the rack 18, so as to change the large diameter position state of the elliptical movable heat exchange tube 11 and ensure the normal flow of the hot fluid in the outer shell 1.

[0058] When the elliptical movable heat exchange tube 11 is placed horizontally, it can reduce the resistance to the hot fluid and increase the flow rate of the hot fluid. When the movable heat exchange tube 11 is placed vertically, it can block the flow of the hot fluid and ensure that the hot fluid contacts more fully, thereby effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency. According to the above-mentioned adjustment method of the movable heat exchange tube 11, combined with the upward and downward movement of the movable liquid pipe 8, the heat exchanger can be adapted to different working conditions.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions, characterized in that: include: An outer shell (1) having two ends respectively provided with a hot fluid inlet (2) and a hot fluid outlet (3); A plurality of fixed heat exchange units, each of the fixed heat exchange units comprising two fixed liquid pipes (4) arranged opposite to each other and a plurality of fixed heat exchange pipes (7) arranged between the two fixed liquid pipes (4) at even intervals, wherein the two fixed liquid pipes (4) are respectively connected with a first cold fluid inlet (5) and a first cold fluid outlet (6); A plurality of movable heat exchange units, each of the movable heat exchange units comprising two movable liquid-passing pipes (8) arranged opposite to each other and a plurality of movable heat exchange pipes (11) arranged between the two movable liquid-passing pipes (8) at even intervals, a second cold fluid inlet (9) and a second cold fluid outlet (10) being arranged at the same side ends of the two movable liquid-passing pipes (8), respectively, and a movable sleeve (12) being arranged at the outer side of the pipe body of the movable liquid-passing pipe (8) near the second cold fluid inlet (9) or the second cold fluid outlet (10); A lifting assembly, comprising a fixed connecting plate (14) and a threaded rotating rod (21) threadedly connected to the fixed connecting plate (14); The fixed heat exchange units and the movable heat exchange units are arranged alternately on the inner side of the outer shell (1), the first cold fluid inlet (5) and the first cold fluid outlet (6) respectively penetrate the outer shell (1) and extend to the outside, the movable liquid pipes (8) respectively penetrate the outer shell (1) through the movable sleeves (12) on their respective pipe bodies and are movably connected thereto, the two ends of the fixed connecting plate (14) are respectively fixedly connected to the movable sleeves (12) on both sides, the bottom end of the threaded rotating rod (21) is rotatably connected to the outer shell (1), and when the threaded rotating rod (21) is rotated forward or reversely, the movable heat exchange units are driven to move upward or downward synchronously through the fixed connecting plate (14).

2. A heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The threaded rotating rod (21) is provided with a rotating handle (15).

3. A heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring (13) is provided between each movable sleeve (12) and the outer shell (1).

4. A heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The fixed heat exchange tube (7) is in the shape of an elliptical tube, and the major diameter of each fixed heat exchange tube (7) between two fixed liquid passage tubes (4) on each fixed heat exchange unit is arranged horizontally.

5. A heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The movable heat exchange tube (11) is elliptical in shape, and its two ends are connected to the two movable liquid-passing tubes (8) via rotary joints (19). A gear (20) is fixedly provided on one or both ends of the movable heat exchange tube (11). A driving component for driving the movable heat exchange tube (11) to rotate in the forward or reverse direction is connected to the outer side of the gear (20). The upper end of the driving component passes through the movable sleeve (12) and is located outside the outer shell (1). The driving component comprises a connecting rod (16), a bolt (17) and a plurality of racks (18). The connecting rod (16) is located on the upper side of each movable sleeve (12). The upper part of the bolt (17) and the connecting rod (16) are connected via a bearing. The bolt (17) is rotatably connected, the lower end of the bolt (17) is threadedly connected to one of the movable sleeves (12), the upper end of each rack (18) passes through each movable sleeve (12) and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod (16), and the lower end is located in the outer shell (1) and is meshed with the gear (20) at the end of each movable heat exchange tube (11). When the bolt (17) is rotated in the forward or reverse direction, the bolt (17) is screwed into or out of the movable sleeve (12), and the rack (18) is driven to move forward or backward through the connecting rod (16), and the movable heat exchange tube (11) is driven to rotate through the gears (20) meshed with the rack (18).

6. A method for using a heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions, characterized in that: include: The hot fluid inlet (2) and the hot fluid outlet (3) of the heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are respectively connected to the hot fluid pipeline, so that the hot fluid enters and is discharged from the outer shell (1) from the hot fluid inlet (2) and the hot fluid outlet (3) respectively; The first cold fluid inlet (5) and the first cold fluid outlet (6) of each of the fixed heat exchange units and the second cold fluid inlet (9) and the second cold fluid outlet (10) of each of the movable heat exchange units are respectively connected to the cold fluid pipeline, and the cold fluid exchanges heat with the hot fluid inside the outer shell (1) in the process of passing through the fixed liquid pipes (4), the fixed heat exchange tubes (7), the movable liquid pipes (8) and the movable heat exchange tubes (11); According to the impurity content in the hot fluid, the threaded rotating rod (21) in the lifting assembly is rotated forward or reversely, and the movable heat exchange tubes (11) of each movable heat exchange unit are driven to move upward or downward synchronously through the fixed connecting plate (14), and the staggered gap positions of each fixed heat exchange tube (7) in the adjacent fixed heat exchange unit and each movable heat exchange tube (11) in the movable heat exchange unit are adjusted to ensure the normal flow of the hot fluid in the outer shell (1).

7. A method for using a heat exchanger suitable for harsh working conditions, characterized in that: include: The hot fluid inlet (2) and the hot fluid outlet (3) of the heat exchanger according to claim 5 are respectively connected to the hot fluid pipeline, so that the hot fluid enters and is discharged from the outer shell (1) from the hot fluid inlet (2) and the hot fluid outlet (3) respectively; The first cold fluid inlet (5) and the first cold fluid outlet (6) of each of the fixed heat exchange units and the second cold fluid inlet (9) and the second cold fluid outlet (10) of each of the movable heat exchange units are respectively connected to the cold fluid pipeline, and the cold fluid exchanges heat with the hot fluid inside the outer shell (1) in the process of passing through the fixed liquid pipes (4), the fixed heat exchange tubes (7), the movable liquid pipes (8) and the movable heat exchange tubes (11); According to the impurity content in the hot fluid, by rotating the threaded rotating rod (21) in the lifting assembly in a forward or reverse direction, the movable heat exchange tubes (11) of each movable heat exchange unit are driven to move upward or downward synchronously through the fixed connecting plate (14), and the staggered gap positions of each fixed heat exchange tube (7) in the adjacent fixed heat exchange unit and each movable heat exchange tube (11) in the movable heat exchange unit are adjusted to ensure the normal flow of the hot fluid in the outer shell (1); According to the impurity content in the hot fluid, the bolt (17) is screwed into or out of the movable sleeve (12) by rotating it in the forward or reverse direction, and the rack (18) is driven to move forward or backward through the connecting rod (16), and the movable heat exchange tubes (11) are driven to rotate through the gears (20) meshing with the rack (18), thereby changing the large diameter position state of the elliptical movable heat exchange tubes (11) to ensure the normal flow of the hot fluid in the outer shell (1).

Images