Composite material detection method and device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission, which comprises the following steps: a multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer generates a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal and outputs the multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal to a detected composite material; the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer receives a multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the detected composite material and inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit; the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit reconstructs the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal; performing defect discrimination on the detected composite material according to the time domain characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal; wherein the multi-wave ultrasonic incident signals comprise a plurality of incident signals which have different pulse cycles and are suitable for different coupling media, and the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signals comprise transmission signals corresponding to the incident signals. The ultrasonic detection of the composite material in different detection scenes can be met, and the ultrasonic detectability of the composite material is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing of composite materials, and in particular to a composite material testing method and device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission. Background Art

[0002] Composite materials with different functions and structural forms have been installed and applied in batches in the fields of aerospace, transportation, energy, construction, etc. Due to safety and quality control reasons, composite materials usually need to be 100% non-destructively tested. Ultrasound is currently the main non-destructive testing method for composite materials. Due to different types and different structural types of composite materials have different ultrasonic propagation behaviors and ultrasonic signal laws, different detection scenarios have different technical requirements and defect detection capabilities for ultrasonic testing. In order to solve the ultrasonic testing of composite materials with different detection scenarios and different characteristics, improve the reliability of detection and the accuracy of detection results, it is required to adopt applicable ultrasonic testing methods and ultrasonic testing technologies to meet the requirements of composite material ultrasonic testing. At this stage, single-wave ultrasound is mainly selected to realize composite material detection based on the characteristics of the composite material being tested.

[0003] At present, when ultrasonic testing of composite materials is carried out, a single-wave ultrasonic method is generated by using ultrasonic instruments and equipment, and the inspection personnel manually scan or the equipment automatically scans to realize ultrasonic testing of composite materials. The main shortcomings are: 1) The single-wave ultrasonic method is difficult to meet the ultrasonic testing of composite materials in different testing scenarios. For example, some testing scenarios do not allow the use of liquid coupling agents, while some testing scenarios can use liquid coupling agents. Single-wave ultrasound is difficult to take into account the ultrasonic testing requirements of composite materials in different testing scenarios, thereby affecting the detectability of composite materials; 2) Some composite materials have particularly obvious acoustic attenuation, and some composite materials have good wave transmission performance. Single-wave ultrasound is difficult to take into account the testing requirements of composite materials with different acoustic attenuation behaviors, thereby affecting the ultrasonic detection effect and defect detection capability of different composite materials; 3) Different ultrasonic waves have different defect detection capabilities and detection sensitivities. Single-wave ultrasound is difficult to take into account the defect detection requirements of different composite materials at the same time; 4) When single-wave ultrasonic testing is performed, when different ultrasonic waves are used to detect different composite materials in different testing scenarios, different ultrasonic testing systems are usually required to be matched, which increases equipment costs and testing sites. As an improvement, multi-wave ultrasonic reflection method is used for detection. Its main disadvantage is the difficulty in detecting multi-layer heterogeneous bonding structures, sandwich bonding and characteristic high attenuation composite materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] (1) Technical issues to be solved

[0005] The present application provides a composite material detection method and device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission, which solves the problems of poor applicability, low detection accuracy and reliability, and low detection efficiency of current composite material ultrasonic detection.

[0006] (2) Technical solution

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission, which is implemented by a composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission; the composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission includes a multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer, a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer, and a multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit;

[0008] Composite material testing methods based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission include:

[0009] The multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer generates a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal and outputs it to the composite material to be tested;

[0010] The multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer receives the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the composite material to be tested, and inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit;

[0011] The multi-wave ultrasound signal fusion and display unit reconstructs the multi-wave ultrasound transmission signal to form a multi-wave ultrasound transmission display signal;

[0012] Defects of the inspected composite material are identified based on the time domain characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal;

[0013] The multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal includes a plurality of incident signals with different pulse cycles and applicable to different coupling media, and the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal includes a transmission signal corresponding to each incident signal.

[0014] Furthermore, the composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit, and the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer includes a plurality of piezoelectric sensing units with different frequencies, pulse characteristics and sound beam characteristics;

[0015] The multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer generates a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal, including:

[0016] The multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit generates a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signal, and excites the corresponding piezoelectric sensing unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer through a selection switch to generate a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal.

[0017] Furthermore, the composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit and a multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit; the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer includes a plurality of piezoelectric sensing units with different frequency and pulse characteristics and sound beam characteristics;

[0018] The multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer receives the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the detected composite material, and inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit, including:

[0019] The piezoelectric sensing unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer receives the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the detected composite material, and inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit;

[0020] The multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit performs pre-processing on the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal, converts it into a radio frequency signal and inputs it into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit;

[0021] The multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit performs digital transformation on the radio frequency signal and converts it into a digital signal which is input into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit.

[0022] Furthermore, the composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit, a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit, and a multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit;

[0023] The composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission also includes:

[0024] The multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit controls the multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit to drive the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit to drive the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer to perform synchronous scanning on the composite material to be tested, and obtains the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal of each testing point;

[0025] The multi-wave ultrasonic synchronization control unit inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit;

[0026] The multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit fuses the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal and the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic image;

[0027] Defects of the inspected composite material are identified based on the characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic image.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present application provides a composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission, comprising a multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer, a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer, and a multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit;

[0029] The multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer is connected with the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit;

[0030] The multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer is used to generate a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal and output it to the composite material to be tested;

[0031] The multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer is used to receive the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the composite material to be tested, and input the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit;

[0032] The multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit is used to reconstruct the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal, so as to identify defects of the inspected composite material according to the time domain characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal;

[0033] The multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal includes a plurality of incident signals with different pulse cycles and applicable to different coupling media, and the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal includes a transmission signal corresponding to each incident signal.

[0034] Furthermore, it also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit, and the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer includes a plurality of piezoelectric sensing units with different frequencies, pulse characteristics and sound beam characteristics;

[0035] The multi-wave ultrasonic excitation units are connected to the piezoelectric sensing units in the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer through the selection switches respectively;

[0036] The multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit is used to generate a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signal, and excites the corresponding piezoelectric sensing unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer by selecting the switch to generate a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal.

[0037] Furthermore, it also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit and a multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit; the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer includes a plurality of piezoelectric sensing units with different frequencies, pulse characteristics and sound beam characteristics;

[0038] The multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit is connected to the piezoelectric sensing unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer through a selection switch; the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit and the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit respectively;

[0039] The piezoelectric sensing unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer is used to receive the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the composite material to be tested, and input the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit;

[0040] The multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit is used to pre-process the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal and convert it into a radio frequency signal to input into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit;

[0041] The multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit is used to digitize the radio frequency signal and convert it into a digital signal to input into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit.

[0042] Furthermore, it also includes a multi-wave ultrasound generating end scanning unit, a multi-wave ultrasound receiving end scanning unit, and a multi-wave ultrasound synchronization control unit;

[0043] The multi-wave ultrasound generating end scanning unit is connected to the multi-wave ultrasound transmitting transducer, the multi-wave ultrasound receiving end scanning unit is connected to the multi-wave ultrasound receiving transducer, and the multi-wave ultrasound synchronization control unit is respectively connected to the multi-wave ultrasound generating end scanning unit, the multi-wave ultrasound receiving end scanning unit, and the multi-wave ultrasound signal fusion and display unit;

[0044] The multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit is used to control the multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit to drive the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit to drive the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer to synchronously scan the composite material to be tested, obtain the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal of each test point, and input the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit;

[0045] The multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit is also used to fuse the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal and the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic image, so as to identify defects of the inspected composite material according to the characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic image.

[0046] Furthermore, the frequencies of the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer are both between 0.5MHz and 20MHz, the bandwidth of the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit matches the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer, and the bandwidth of the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit matches the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer.

[0047] Furthermore, the sampling frequency of the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit is between 10 MHz and 100 MHz.

[0048] (3) Beneficial effects

[0049] The above technical solution of the present application has the following advantages:

[0050] The composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission provided in the first aspect of the present application generates a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal through a multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer, outputs it to the composite material to be detected, receives the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the composite material to be detected by a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer, inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into a multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit, and the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit reconstructs the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal, thereby performing defect discrimination on the composite material to be detected according to the time domain characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal. The multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal includes a plurality of incident signals with different pulse cycles and suitable for different coupling media, and the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal includes a transmission signal corresponding to each incident signal, which can meet the composite material ultrasonic detection in different detection scenarios, and is used in situations where liquid coupling agents are not allowed or can be used, thereby improving the applicability of composite material ultrasonic detection, the accuracy and reliability of detection, and the detection efficiency.

[0051] It can be understood that the beneficial effects of the second aspect mentioned above can be found in the relevant description of the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0053] Figure 1 A flow chart of a composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission provided in this application;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission provided in the present application.

[0055] Figure numerals: 1. multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit; 2. multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer; 3. multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer; 4. multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit; 5. multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit; 6. multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit; 7. multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit; 8. multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit; 9. multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit; 10. composite material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, technologies, etc. are provided for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to prevent unnecessary details from obstructing the description of the present application.

[0057] It should be understood that when used in the present specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0058] In addition, in the description of the present application specification and the appended claims, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0059] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in the specification of this application mean that one or more embodiments of the present application include specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment. Therefore, the statements "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. that appear in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. "Multiple" means "two or more".

[0060] The purpose of this application is to propose a composite material detection method and device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission for ultrasonic transmission detection of different composite materials and different detection scenarios, so as to improve the applicability, accuracy and reliability of composite material ultrasonic detection, and detection efficiency.

[0061] The specific implementation methods of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present application but are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

[0062] The embodiment of the present application provides a composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission, which is implemented by a composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission. Figure 2 As shown, the composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission includes a multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 , a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 , and a multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9 .

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, a composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission includes: a multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 generates a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal and outputs it to the composite material 10 to be detected; a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 receives the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the composite material 10 to be detected, and inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into a multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9; the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9 reconstructs the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal; and defects of the composite material 10 to be detected are identified according to the time domain characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal; wherein the multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal includes a plurality of incident signals with different pulse cycles and suitable for different coupling media, and the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal includes a transmission signal corresponding to each incident signal.

[0064] In some embodiments, the composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission further includes a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit 1, and the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 includes a plurality of piezoelectric sensing units with different frequencies, pulse characteristics and sound beam characteristics.

[0065] The multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 generates a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal, including: a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit 1 generates a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signal, and a corresponding piezoelectric sensing unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 is excited by a selection switch to generate a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal.

[0066] In some embodiments, the composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit 4 and a multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 5; the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 includes multiple piezoelectric sensor units with different frequency, pulse characteristics and sound beam characteristics.

[0067] The multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 receives the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the detected composite material 10, and inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9, including: the piezoelectric sensor unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 receives the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the detected composite material 10, and inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit 4; the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit 4 performs pre-processing on the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal, converts it into a radio frequency signal and inputs it into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 5; the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 5 performs digital conversion on the radio frequency signal, converts it into a digital signal and inputs it into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9.

[0068] In some embodiments, the composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission further includes a multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit 6 , a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit 7 , and a multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit 8 .

[0069] The composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission also includes: the multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit 8 controls the multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit 6 to drive the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit 7 to drive the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 to perform synchronous scanning on the detected composite material 10 to obtain the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal of each detection point; the multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit 8 inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9; the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9 fuses the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal and the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic image; and the defects of the detected composite material are judged according to the characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic image.

[0070] In the application, according to the characteristics of the composite material 10 to be tested and the testing scenario, such as Figure 2 As shown, a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signal is generated by a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit 1, and a selection switch K in a multiplexer is used to select a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signal. 11 , K 12 , K 13 , sequentially excite the piezoelectric unit M in the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 21 、M22 、M 23 , generating multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal u i1 、u i2 、u i3 , as the incident signal, where u i1 It is the first type of ultrasonic wave, the ultrasonic pulse cycle N = 1.0 ~ 1.5, and liquid is used as an acoustic coupling agent; u i2 The second type of ultrasonic wave, N = 1.5 ~ 2, uses liquid as an acoustic coupling agent; u i3 It is the third type of ultrasonic wave, N=3.0~20, using air as coupling agent.

[0071] Multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal u i1 、u i2 、u i3 The ultrasonic wave propagates into the composite material 10 to be tested through the corresponding acoustic coupling medium and interacts with the composite material 10 to form a multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal u t1 、u t2 、u t3 , multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal u t1 、u t2 、u t3 The piezoelectric units M in the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 are respectively 31 、M 32 、M 33 After receiving, it is transmitted to the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit 4 for pre-processing and converted into a volt-level radio frequency signal, and then digitized by the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 5 and converted into a digital signal. Thereafter, it is input into the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal fusion and display unit 9 to reconstruct the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal, and defects are identified according to the time domain characteristics of this multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal.

[0072] At the same time, the formed multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal is fused with the corresponding position signal from the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 to form a corresponding multi-wave ultrasonic image, and the defect is identified according to the characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic image. The multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit 8 performs synchronous scanning control on the multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit 6 and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit 7. Under the control of the multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit 8, the multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit 6 and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit 7 respectively drive the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 to scan the composite material to be tested, and obtain the multi-wave ultrasonic signal and the corresponding multi-wave ultrasonic position signal of each detection point, and perform multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal signal reconstruction and imaging display, and obtain the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal and image of the entire composite material to be tested, thereby realizing the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission method coverage detection of composite materials with different detection requirements in different scenarios.

[0073] According to different detection scenarios, composite material characteristics and defect detection requirements, multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal u can be selected i1 、u i2 、u i3 Or a combination thereof to obtain the best detection results and detection effects. According to different composite material processes, structural geometric characteristics and detection requirements, select the multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit 6, the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit 7, and the multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit 8 to realize the multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal u i1 、u i2 、u i3 or a combination thereof to obtain the best detection results and detection effects.

[0074] The position signals of the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 are obtained by using the multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit 6, the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit 7, and the multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit 8, and the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal u of the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 at the corresponding position is obtained by using the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 5. t1 、u t2 、u t3 Or a combination thereof, the detection result is displayed in signal and / or image form through multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9, and defect identification is performed based on the displayed result.

[0075] By using different multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning units 6, multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning units 7, and multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control units 8, multi-wave ultrasonic transmission method automatic scanning of composite material structures of different geometric shapes can be realized. By selecting different multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducers 2, multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducers 3, multi-wave ultrasonic receiving units 4, and multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing units 5, multi-wave ultrasonic transmission method detection of composite materials of different types or with different acoustic characteristics can be realized. By using the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9, 2D and 3D display and detection analysis of the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission method detection results can be realized.

[0076] The basic process of multi-wave ultrasonic transmission method testing is as follows: determine the composite material to be tested, process and structural characteristics and testing requirements; determine the testing scene; select the multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal u i1 、u i2 、u i3 ; Select the multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit 6, the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit 7, and the multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit 8; select the use of the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9; perform multi-wave ultrasonic transmission method detection on the composite material 10 to be detected according to a given scanning method; after the detection is completed, use the detection results displayed in the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9 to perform defect assessment.

[0077] The present application also provides a composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes a multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2, a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3, and a multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9. The multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9.

[0078] The multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 is used to generate a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal and output it to the composite material 10 to be tested; the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 is used to receive the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the composite material 10 to be tested, and input the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9; the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9 is used to reconstruct the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal, so as to perform defect identification on the composite material 10 to be tested according to the time domain characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal; wherein the multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal includes a plurality of incident signals with different pulse cycles and suitable for different coupling media, and the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal includes a transmission signal corresponding to each incident signal.

[0079] In some embodiments, a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit 1 is also included, and the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 includes multiple piezoelectric sensing units with different frequency, pulse characteristics and sound beam characteristics; the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit 1 is connected to the piezoelectric sensing units in the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 through selection switches.

[0080] The multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit 1 is used to generate a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signal, and excites the corresponding piezoelectric sensing unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 through a selection switch to generate a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal.

[0081] In some embodiments, it also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit 4 and a multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 5; the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 includes multiple piezoelectric sensor units with different frequency, pulse characteristics and sound beam characteristics; the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit 4 is connected to the piezoelectric sensor units in the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 through a selection switch; the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 5 is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit 4 and the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9 respectively.

[0082] The piezoelectric sensing unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 is used to receive the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the detected composite material 10, and input the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit 4; the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit 4 is used to pre-process the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal, convert it into a radio frequency signal and input it into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 5; the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 5 is used to digitize the radio frequency signal and convert it into a digital signal and input it into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9.

[0083] In some embodiments, it also includes a multi-wave ultrasound generating end scanning unit 6, a multi-wave ultrasound receiving end scanning unit 7, and a multi-wave ultrasound synchronization control unit 8; the multi-wave ultrasound generating end scanning unit 6 is connected to the multi-wave ultrasound transmitting transducer 2, the multi-wave ultrasound receiving end scanning unit 7 is connected to the multi-wave ultrasound receiving transducer 3, and the multi-wave ultrasound synchronization control unit 8 is respectively connected to the multi-wave ultrasound generating end scanning unit 6, the multi-wave ultrasound receiving end scanning unit 7, and the multi-wave ultrasound signal fusion and display unit 9.

[0084] The multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit 8 is used to control the multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit 6 to drive the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit 7 to drive the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 to perform synchronous scanning on the inspected composite material 10, obtain the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal of each inspection point, and input the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9; the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9 is also used to fuse the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal and the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic image, so as to perform defect judgment on the inspected composite material 10 according to the characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic image.

[0085] In some embodiments, the frequencies of the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 are both between 0.5 MHz and 20 MHz, the bandwidth of the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit 1 matches the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 , and the bandwidth of the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit 4 matches the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 .

[0086] In some embodiments, the sampling frequency of the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 5 is between 10 MHz and 100 MHz.

[0087] The composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission is composed of a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit 1, a multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2, a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3, a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit 4, a multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 5, a multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit 6, a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit 7, a multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit 8, a multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9, etc.

[0088] like Figure 2 As shown, the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit 1 is used to generate a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signal to excite the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 to generate a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal u i1 、u i2 、u i3 The multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 is composed of a piezoelectric sensor unit with different frequency, pulse characteristics and sound beam characteristics to form a multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer for generating a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal u i1 、u i2 、u i3The multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 receives the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal u from the composite material being tested. t1 、u t2 、u t3 , the frequency is between 0.5MHz-20MHz; the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit 1 is selected to be able to generate a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signal unit, and its bandwidth matches the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 with a frequency between 0.5MHz-20MHz; the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit 4 receives the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal u from the composite material 10 to be tested t1 、u t2 、u t3 , pre-processing is performed, and its bandwidth matches the frequency multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3.

[0089] The multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit 5 is composed of an acquisition unit with A / D conversion, and its sampling frequency is selectable between 10MHz and 100Mz; the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit 9 is composed of a computer and an imaging unit to realize the detection result signal, 2D and 3D imaging display; the multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit 6 and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit 7 are respectively composed of mechanisms with multi-axis scanning. Under the control of the multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit 8, the multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit 6 and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit 7 respectively drive the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer 2 and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer 3 to synchronously scan the detected composite material 10 according to a given scanning trajectory. According to the structure of the detected composite material 10 of different shapes and sizes, the multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit 6 and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit 7 are composed of 1-6 motion axes.

[0090] The present application is based on the principle of multi-wave ultrasonic transmission, and according to different detection scenarios, characteristics of different detected composite materials and detection requirements, proposes a composite material detection method and device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission, which can meet the needs of ultrasonic detection of different detection scenarios and different types of composite materials, and can be used in situations where liquid coupling agents are not allowed and can be used, taking into account the requirements for ultrasonic detection of composite materials in different detection scenarios, thereby improving the ultrasonic detectability of composite materials; it can be used for ultrasonic detection of composite materials with significantly different composite material acoustic attenuation characteristics and wave transmission characteristics, taking into account the detection requirements of composite materials with different acoustic attenuation behaviors, and improving the ultrasonic detection effect and defect detection capability of different composite materials; it can take into account the requirements for ultrasonic detection of defects of different composite materials; there is no need to use different ultrasonic detection systems in different detection scenarios, thereby saving the cost of ultrasonic equipment and reducing the demand for detection sites.

[0091] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0092] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission, characterized in that: The method is realized by a composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission; the composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission comprises a multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer, a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer, and a multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit; The composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission comprises: The multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer generates a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal and outputs it to the composite material to be tested; The multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer receives the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the inspected composite material, and inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit; The multi-wave ultrasound signal fusion and display unit reconstructs the multi-wave ultrasound transmission signal to form a multi-wave ultrasound transmission display signal; Defect identification of the inspected composite material is performed according to the time domain characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal; The multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal includes a plurality of incident signals with different pulse cycles and applicable to different coupling media, and the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal includes a transmission signal corresponding to each incident signal.

2. The composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit, and the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer includes a plurality of piezoelectric sensing units with different frequencies, pulse characteristics and sound beam characteristics; The multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer generates a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal, including: The multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit generates a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signal, and excites the corresponding piezoelectric sensing unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer through a selection switch to generate a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal.

3. The composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit and a multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit; the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer includes a plurality of piezoelectric sensing units with different frequency and pulse characteristics and sound beam characteristics; The multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer receives the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the detected composite material, and inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit, including: The piezoelectric sensing unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer receives the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the detected composite material, and inputs the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit; The multi-wave ultrasound receiving unit performs pre-processing on the multi-wave ultrasound transmission signal, converts it into a radio frequency signal and inputs it into the multi-wave ultrasound signal processing unit; The multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit performs digital transformation on the radio frequency signal, converts it into a digital signal and inputs it into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit.

4. The composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit, a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit, and a multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit; The composite material detection method based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission also includes: The multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit controls the multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit to drive the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit to drive the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer to perform synchronous scanning on the detected composite material to obtain a multi-wave ultrasonic position signal of each detection point; The multi-wave ultrasound synchronization control unit inputs the multi-wave ultrasound position signal into the multi-wave ultrasound signal fusion and display unit; The multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit fuses the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal and the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic image; Defects of the inspected composite material are identified according to the features of the multi-wave ultrasonic image.

5. A composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission, characterized in that: It includes a multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer, a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer, and a multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit; The multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit; The multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer is used to generate a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal and output it to the composite material to be tested; The multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer is used to receive the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the detected composite material, and input the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit; The multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit is used to reconstruct the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal, so as to perform defect identification on the inspected composite material according to the time domain characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission display signal; The multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal includes a plurality of incident signals with different pulse cycles and applicable to different coupling media, and the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal includes a transmission signal corresponding to each incident signal.

6. The composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit, wherein the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer includes a plurality of piezoelectric sensing units with different frequencies, pulse characteristics and sound beam characteristics; The multi-wave ultrasonic excitation units are connected to the piezoelectric sensing units in the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducers through selection switches respectively; The multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit is used to generate a multi-wave ultrasonic excitation signal, and excites the corresponding piezoelectric sensing unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer through the selection switch to generate a multi-wave ultrasonic incident signal.

7. The composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit and a multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit; the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer includes a plurality of piezoelectric sensing units with different frequencies, pulse characteristics and sound beam characteristics; The multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit is connected to the piezoelectric sensing unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer through a selection switch; the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit is connected to the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit and the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit respectively; The piezoelectric sensing unit in the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer is used to receive the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal from the detected composite material, and input the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit; The multi-wave ultrasound receiving unit is used to perform pre-processing on the multi-wave ultrasound transmission signal and convert it into a radio frequency signal to input into the multi-wave ultrasound signal processing unit; The multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit is used to digitally transform the radio frequency signal, convert it into a digital signal and input it into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit.

8. The composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a multi-wave ultrasound generating end scanning unit, a multi-wave ultrasound receiving end scanning unit, and a multi-wave ultrasound synchronization control unit; The multi-wave ultrasound generating end scanning unit is connected to the multi-wave ultrasound transmitting transducer, the multi-wave ultrasound receiving end scanning unit is connected to the multi-wave ultrasound receiving transducer, and the multi-wave ultrasound synchronization control unit is respectively connected to the multi-wave ultrasound generating end scanning unit, the multi-wave ultrasound receiving end scanning unit, and the multi-wave ultrasound signal fusion and display unit; The multi-wave ultrasonic synchronous control unit is used to control the multi-wave ultrasonic generating end scanning unit to drive the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving end scanning unit to drive the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer to perform synchronous scanning on the detected composite material, obtain the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal of each detection point, and input the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal into the multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit; The multi-wave ultrasonic signal fusion and display unit is also used to fuse the multi-wave ultrasonic transmission signal and the multi-wave ultrasonic position signal to form a multi-wave ultrasonic image, so as to identify defects of the inspected composite material according to the characteristics of the multi-wave ultrasonic image.

9. The composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission according to claim 7, characterized in that: The frequencies of the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer are both between 0.5 MHz and 20 MHz, the bandwidth of the multi-wave ultrasonic excitation unit matches the multi-wave ultrasonic transmitting transducer, and the bandwidth of the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving unit matches the multi-wave ultrasonic receiving transducer.

10. The composite material detection device based on multi-wave ultrasonic transmission according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sampling frequency of the multi-wave ultrasonic signal processing unit is between 10 MHz and 100 MHz.

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