Anisotropy parameter scanning method and device, computer equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to an anisotropic parameter scanning method and device based on an imaging gather, computer equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring the imaging gather; classifying the imaging gathers into near, middle and far offset gathers according to the effective imaging offset; determining the scanning speed according to the leveling degree of the imaging gather; according to the determined scanning speed, respectively scanning the middle offset gather and the far offset gather, and determining the leveling speed of the far offset and the leveling speed of the middle offset; determining an anisotropic parameter epsilon value according to the leveling speed Vp1 of the far offset; and determining an anisotropy parameter delta value according to the middle offset leveling speed Vp2. According to the method, the anisotropy parameter is determined through a scanning means based on the leveling condition and the relationship between the speed and the anisotropy parameter of the imaging gather, the method is rapid and stable, the anisotropy parameter can be rapidly estimated, the precision is relatively good, the efficiency is relatively high, and due to the fact that layer-by-layer scanning can be adopted, the resolution is also relatively high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of geophysical exploration technology, and in particular to an anisotropic parameter scanning method, device, computer equipment and storage medium based on imaging gathers. Background Art

[0002] Anisotropy is ubiquitous in seismic exploration. With the improvement of the precision of seismic exploration, the target layer has developed from medium-deep layers to deep layers and ultra-deep layers. The impact of anisotropy on seismic exploration is getting bigger and bigger. The propagation speed of seismic waves in various directions is different. For some observation systems with large offset and wide azimuth, if the underground medium is simply regarded as isotropic, it will lead to problems such as non-convergence of diffraction waves and inability to correctly return the layers during imaging, which reduces the quality of imaging.

[0003] For the estimation of anisotropic parameters (Vp0, ε, δ, θ0), there are dual parameter scanning, thickness ratio method and higher precision tomographic inversion methods. The anisotropic parameter models obtained by dual parameter scanning and thickness ratio method have low precision and accuracy. As the initial model of tomographic inversion, the effect is poor and the convergence efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an anisotropic parameter scanning method, device, computer equipment and storage medium based on imaging gathers with relatively high accuracy and relatively high determination process efficiency.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an anisotropic parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Obtain imaging gathers;

[0007] The imaging gathers are classified into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset distance of effective imaging.

[0008] Determine the scanning speed according to the flattening degree of the imaging gather;

[0009] According to the determined scanning speed, the mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather are scanned respectively to determine the far-offset leveling speed Vp1 and the mid-offset leveling speed Vp2;

[0010] The value of the anisotropic parameter ε is determined according to the leveling velocity Vp1 at far offset; the value of the anisotropic parameter δ is determined according to the leveling velocity Vp2 at medium offset.

[0011] In one embodiment, the imaging gathers are equally divided into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset of effective imaging.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, in determining the scanning speed according to the flattening degree of the imaging gather, the scanning speed is 60% to 140% of the isotropic speed, and the scanning interval is 0.5% of the isotropic speed.

[0013] In one embodiment, the anisotropy parameter ε value is determined according to the flattening velocity Vp1 at the far offset using the following formula: Vp1 = Vp0 (1 + 2ε).

[0014] In one embodiment, the anisotropy parameter δ value is determined according to the mid-offset leveling velocity Vp2 using the following formula: Vp2=Vp0(1+2δ).

[0015] In one embodiment, after determining the value of the anisotropy parameter ε according to the flattening velocity Vp1 at the far offset and determining the value of the anisotropy parameter δ according to the flattening velocity Vp2 at the mid-offset, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0016] The corresponding anisotropy parameter δ and anisotropy parameter ε are determined for all seismic gathers to obtain the global anisotropy parameter field.

[0017] In one embodiment, after determining the value of the anisotropy parameter ε according to the flattening velocity Vp1 at the far offset and determining the value of the anisotropy parameter δ according to the flattening velocity Vp2 at the mid-offset, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0018] Extract imaging gathers respectively and determine the corresponding anisotropy parameter δ and anisotropy parameter ε values ​​respectively;

[0019] The global anisotropy parameter field of the imaging gathers is obtained by linear interpolation.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application provides an anisotropic parameter scanning device based on imaging gathers, the device comprising:

[0021] An acquisition module is used to acquire imaging gathers;

[0022] An imaging gather classification module is used to classify imaging gathers into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset of effective imaging;

[0023] A scanning speed determination module, used to determine the scanning speed according to the flattening degree of the imaging gather;

[0024] A leveling speed determination module is used to scan the medium offset gather and the far offset gather respectively according to the determined scanning speed, and determine the far offset leveling speed Vp1 and the medium offset leveling speed Vp2;

[0025] The anisotropic parameter determination module is used to determine the anisotropic parameter ε value according to the flattening velocity Vp1 at a far offset; and to determine the anisotropic parameter δ value according to the flattening velocity Vp2 at a medium offset.

[0026] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method described in any of the above embodiments when executing the program.

[0027] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in any of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0028] The above-mentioned anisotropic parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers is to classify imaging gathers into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset distance of effective imaging; then the scanning speed is selected with the isotropic velocity as the intermediate value, and the final scanning speed is determined according to the flattening degree of the gathers. The flatter the gathers are, the more accurate the scanning speed is; then the medium-offset gathers and the far-offset gathers are scanned respectively to obtain the flattening velocities of the medium-offset gathers and the far-offset gathers, and then the two key anisotropic parameters ε and δ can be converted through the relationship between the flattening velocity and the isotropic velocity, and the anisotropic parameters can be obtained. Later, by scanning all seismic traces, the global anisotropic parameter field can be obtained. The anisotropic parameter estimation method based on imaging gathers provided by the present invention. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: it is more convenient and quick to obtain the initial anisotropic parameter field, and based on the sensitivity difference between the imaging gathers and the anisotropic parameters, the anisotropic parameters are estimated at mid-offset and far-offset distances, which is more scientific and reasonable. The initial anisotropic parameter field obtained by the present invention can be applied to anisotropic parameter inversion, which can effectively improve the iterative efficiency of the inversion. Based on the flattening of the imaging gathers and the relationship between the velocity and the anisotropic parameters, the present invention provides an anisotropic parameter estimation method by scanning. The method is fast and stable, and can quickly estimate the anisotropic parameters, providing an initial model basis for subsequent more refined modeling. The anisotropic parameter scanning method based on the imaging gathers provided in the present application has relatively good accuracy and high efficiency in the determination process, and because layer scanning can be used, the resolution is also high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A step diagram of an anisotropic parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers according to an embodiment;

[0030] Figure 2-1 An imaging gather diagram in an anisotropic parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers according to an embodiment;

[0031] Figure 2-2 A gather map flattened after scanning in an anisotropic parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers according to an embodiment;

[0032] Figure 2-3 A δ field diagram of anisotropy parameters scanned by a single-channel imaging gather in an anisotropy parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers in one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 2-4 A field diagram of anisotropy parameters ε scanned by a single-channel imaging gather in an anisotropy parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 3 A module structure diagram of an anisotropic parameter scanning device based on imaging gathers according to an embodiment;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, in order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application, and the preferred implementation methods of the present application are given in the accompanying drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the implementation methods described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these implementation methods is to make the disclosure of the present application more thoroughly and comprehensively understood. The present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art of the present application. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific implementation methods and are not intended to limit the present application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] In the first aspect, the present application provides an anisotropic parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers, see Figure 1 , the anisotropic parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers includes the following steps:

[0039] S110: Acquire imaging gathers;

[0040] Seismic imaging gathers refer to a set of seismic records obtained after processing in seismic exploration. These records come from the same reflection point underground and have the same underground offset. By analyzing and processing these seismic records, the underground stratigraphic structure and physical property information can be obtained. In seismic exploration, multiple seismic detectors are usually used to receive seismic waves from underground reflection points. Each detector records a seismic trace, so the records of multiple detectors constitute a seismic imaging gather. By processing and interpreting these seismic records, the underground stratigraphic structure and physical property information can be obtained, providing an important basis for the exploration and development of resources such as oil and natural gas.

[0041] In this embodiment, the imaging gather is an imaging gather obtained by using isotropic velocity migration imaging. In one embodiment, the imaging gather after conventional processing can also be used. The specific conventional processing is determined according to the project requirements, including but not limited to conventional processing processes such as denoising and multiple wave removal. For the specific process of obtaining the imaging gather, please refer to the prior art, and this application will not repeat it here.

[0042] S120: classifying the imaging gathers into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset of effective imaging;

[0043] In this embodiment, the imaging gathers are classified into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset of effective imaging, so as to facilitate the subsequent determination of the leveling speed of each classified gather. Specifically, for example, the imaging gathers are classified into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset of effective imaging.

[0044] In one embodiment, the imaging gathers are equally divided into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset of effective imaging.

[0045] S130: determining the scanning speed according to the flattening degree of the imaging gather;

[0046] In this embodiment, the scanning speed is determined according to the flattening degree of the imaging gather, that is, the final scanning speed is determined according to the flattening degree of the gather, and the flatter the gather is, the more accurate the scanning speed used is. In one embodiment, in the determination of the scanning speed according to the flattening degree of the imaging gather, the scanning speed is 60% to 140% of the isotropic speed, and the scanning interval is 0.5% of the isotropic speed. Thus, the applicant has found through research that the above scanning speed can better determine the two key anisotropic parameters ε and δ.

[0047] S140: Scan the mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather respectively according to the determined scanning speed to determine the far-offset leveling speed Vp1 and the mid-offset leveling speed Vp2;

[0048] In this embodiment, according to the determined scanning speed, the mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather are scanned respectively to determine the far-offset leveling speed Vp1 and the mid-offset leveling speed Vp2. Of course, in actual use, the speed is scanned from low speed to high speed, the shape and continuity changes of the reflection wave group are observed, and the speed that makes the reflection wave group the flattest and the best continuity is found, which is the leveling speed. The mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather are scanned respectively, the shape and continuity changes of the mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather are observed, and the speed that makes the reflection wave group the flattest and the best continuity is found, which is the leveling speed corresponding to the mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather. Of course, in other embodiments, the scanning speed can also be adjusted to a certain extent on the basis of normal speed scanning to find a more accurate leveling speed.

[0049] S150: determining the value of anisotropy parameter ε according to the leveling velocity Vp1 at far offset; determining the value of anisotropy parameter δ according to the leveling velocity Vp2 at mid offset.

[0050] In this embodiment, the corresponding anisotropic parameter is determined according to the leveling velocity. Considering that the mid-offset is more sensitive to δ, the value of the anisotropic parameter δ is determined by the mid-offset leveling velocity Vp2. Considering that the far-offset is more sensitive to ε, the value of the anisotropic parameter ε is determined by the far-offset leveling velocity Vp1.

[0051] The above-mentioned anisotropic parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers is to classify imaging gathers into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset distance of effective imaging; then the scanning speed is selected with the isotropic velocity as the intermediate value, and the final scanning speed is determined according to the flattening degree of the gathers. The flatter the gathers are, the more accurate the scanning speed is; then the medium-offset gathers and the far-offset gathers are scanned respectively to obtain the flattening velocities of the medium-offset gathers and the far-offset gathers, and then the two key anisotropic parameters ε and δ can be converted through the relationship between the flattening velocity and the isotropic velocity, and the anisotropic parameters can be obtained. Later, by scanning all seismic traces, the global anisotropic parameter field can be obtained. The anisotropic parameter estimation method based on imaging gathers provided by the present invention. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: it is more convenient and quick to obtain the initial anisotropic parameter field, and based on the sensitivity difference between the imaging gathers and the anisotropic parameters, the anisotropic parameters are estimated at mid-offset and far-offset distances, which is more scientific and reasonable. The initial anisotropic parameter field obtained by the present invention can be applied to anisotropic parameter inversion, which can effectively improve the iterative efficiency of the inversion. Based on the flattening of the imaging gathers and the relationship between the velocity and the anisotropic parameters, the present invention provides an anisotropic parameter estimation method by scanning. The method is fast and stable, and can quickly estimate the anisotropic parameters, providing an initial model basis for subsequent more refined modeling. The anisotropic parameter scanning method based on the imaging gathers provided in the present application has relatively good accuracy and high efficiency in the determination process, and because layer scanning can be used, the resolution is also high.

[0052] In order to better determine the value of the anisotropy parameter ε by the flattening velocity Vp1 at the far offset, in one embodiment, the value of the anisotropy parameter ε is determined according to the flattening velocity Vp1 at the far offset using the following formula: Vp1=Vp0(1+2ε).

[0053] Thus, by adopting the above formula, the anisotropy parameter ε can be better determined according to the flattening velocity Vp1 at far offset. Where Vp0 is the isotropic velocity, or in other words, it is the isotropic velocity when the imaging gather is obtained by using the isotropic velocity for migration imaging.

[0054] In order to better determine the value of the anisotropy parameter δ by the mid-offset leveling velocity Vp2, in one embodiment, the value of the anisotropy parameter δ is determined according to the mid-offset leveling velocity Vp2 using the following formula: Vp2=Vp0(1+2δ).

[0055] Thus, by adopting the above formula, the anisotropic parameter δ value can be better determined according to the mid-offset flattening velocity Vp2, where Vp0 is the isotropic velocity, or in other words, it is the isotropic velocity when the imaging gather is obtained by using the isotropic velocity for migration imaging.

[0056] In this embodiment, the anisotropy parameter δ value is determined by using Vp2=Vp0(1+2δ) and the anisotropy parameter ε value is determined by using Vp1=Vp0(1+2ε), and the imaging gather is classified into a near-offset gather, a medium-offset gather and a far-offset gather according to the offset of effective imaging; then the scanning speed is selected with the isotropic velocity as the intermediate value, and the final scanning speed is determined according to the flattening degree of the gather. The flatter the gather, the more accurate the scanning speed used; then the medium-offset gather and the far-offset gather are scanned respectively to obtain the flattening velocities of the medium-offset gather and the far-offset gather, and then the two key anisotropic parameters ε and δ can be converted through the relationship between the flattening velocity and the isotropic velocity, and the anisotropic parameters can be obtained. Later, by scanning all seismic traces, the global anisotropic parameter field can be obtained. The anisotropic parameter estimation method based on imaging gathers provided by the present invention. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: it is more convenient and quick to obtain the initial anisotropic parameter field, and based on the sensitivity difference between the imaging gathers and the anisotropic parameters, the anisotropic parameters are estimated at mid-offset and far-offset distances, which is more scientific and reasonable. The initial anisotropic parameter field obtained by the present invention can be applied to anisotropic parameter inversion, which can effectively improve the iterative efficiency of the inversion. Based on the flattening of the imaging gathers and the relationship between the velocity and the anisotropic parameters, the present invention provides an anisotropic parameter estimation method by scanning. The method is fast and stable, and can quickly estimate the anisotropic parameters, providing an initial model basis for subsequent more refined modeling. The anisotropic parameter scanning method based on the imaging gathers provided in the present application has relatively good accuracy and high efficiency in the determination process, and because layer scanning can be used, the resolution is also high.

[0057] In one embodiment, after determining the value of the anisotropy parameter ε according to the flattening velocity Vp1 at the far offset and determining the value of the anisotropy parameter δ according to the flattening velocity Vp2 at the mid-offset, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0058] The corresponding anisotropy parameter δ and anisotropy parameter ε are determined for all seismic gathers to obtain the global anisotropy parameter field.

[0059] In one embodiment, after determining the value of the anisotropy parameter ε according to the flattening velocity Vp1 at the far offset and determining the value of the anisotropy parameter δ according to the flattening velocity Vp2 at the mid-offset, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0060] Extract imaging gathers respectively and determine the corresponding anisotropy parameter δ and anisotropy parameter ε values ​​respectively;

[0061] The global anisotropy parameter field of the imaging gathers is obtained by linear interpolation.

[0062] In this embodiment, the corresponding anisotropy parameter δ value and the anisotropy parameter ε value are determined based on the extraction of the imaging gathers respectively, and then the global anisotropy parameter field of the imaging gathers is obtained by linear interpolation. In this embodiment, the global anisotropy parameter field of the imaging gathers is obtained by linear interpolation based on the anisotropy parameters, which can be carried out according to the following steps: Collect anisotropy parameters: First, it is necessary to collect anisotropy parameters near each imaging point, including longitudinal wave velocity, shear wave velocity, density, etc. These parameters can be obtained through various methods such as seismic exploration and geological survey. Interpolation calculation: Based on the collected anisotropy parameters, the global anisotropy parameters of each imaging point can be calculated using a linear interpolation method. The linear interpolation method can select different interpolation algorithms according to actual conditions, such as bilinear interpolation, trilinear interpolation, etc. Construct a global anisotropy parameter field: By combining the global anisotropy parameters of each imaging point, the global anisotropy parameter field of the imaging gather can be constructed. This parameter field can reflect the overall characteristics of the underground medium in terms of anisotropy and provide an important reference for subsequent seismic data processing and interpretation.

[0063] In this embodiment, all seismic traces are scanned to obtain the global anisotropic parameter field; seismic traces may also be extracted for scanning, and then the global anisotropic parameter field may be obtained by linear interpolation.

[0064] In this embodiment, the scanning may be performed layer by layer, for example, once every 300 ms. In this way, the resolution of the flattening velocity determined based on layer by layer scanning is high, and the process efficiency of determining the anisotropic parameters is also high.

[0065] The above-mentioned anisotropic parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers is to classify imaging gathers into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset distance of effective imaging; then the scanning speed is selected with the isotropic velocity as the intermediate value, and the final scanning speed is determined according to the flattening degree of the gathers. The flatter the gathers are, the more accurate the scanning speed is; then the medium-offset gathers and the far-offset gathers are scanned respectively to obtain the flattening velocities of the medium-offset gathers and the far-offset gathers, and then the two key anisotropic parameters ε and δ can be converted through the relationship between the flattening velocity and the isotropic velocity, and the anisotropic parameters can be obtained. Later, by scanning all seismic traces, the global anisotropic parameter field can be obtained. The anisotropic parameter estimation method based on imaging gathers provided by the present invention. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: it is more convenient and quick to obtain the initial anisotropic parameter field, and based on the sensitivity difference between the imaging gathers and the anisotropic parameters, the anisotropic parameters are estimated at mid-offset and far-offset distances, which is more scientific and reasonable. The initial anisotropic parameter field obtained by the present invention can be applied to anisotropic parameter inversion, which can effectively improve the iterative efficiency of the inversion. Based on the flattening of the imaging gathers and the relationship between the velocity and the anisotropic parameters, the present invention provides an anisotropic parameter estimation method by scanning. The method is fast and stable, and can quickly estimate the anisotropic parameters, providing an initial model basis for subsequent more refined modeling. The anisotropic parameter scanning method based on the imaging gathers provided in the present application has relatively good accuracy and high efficiency in the determination process, and because layer scanning can be used, the resolution is also high.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] This embodiment continues to provide an anisotropic parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers. It should be noted that anisotropy is ubiquitous in seismic exploration. With the improvement of the precision of seismic exploration, the target layer develops from the medium-deep layer to the deep layer and the ultra-deep layer, and the influence of anisotropy on seismic exploration is getting bigger and bigger. The propagation speed of seismic waves in all directions is different. For some large offset and wide azimuth observation systems, if the underground medium is simply regarded as isotropic, it will lead to problems such as non-convergence of diffraction waves and inability to correctly return the layers during imaging, thereby reducing the quality of imaging. For the estimation of anisotropic parameters, there are dual parameter scanning, thickness ratio method and higher precision tomographic inversion methods. The anisotropic parameter model obtained by dual parameter scanning and thickness ratio method has low precision and accuracy. As the initial model of tomographic inversion, the effect is poor and the convergence efficiency is low. Aiming at the problem that the current anisotropic parameter estimation method cannot provide a better initial model for tomographic inversion, this method has unique advantages, can make up for the shortcomings of the above methods, and obtain a more adaptable and accurate anisotropic initial model. There is no corresponding research literature on this method. The purpose of the present invention is to obtain a better anisotropic initial model by using offset gathers, and to establish a more accurate initial model for anisotropic medium tomographic inversion. Seismic exploration needs to obtain more accurate velocity and anisotropic parameters by considering anisotropic inversion. The anisotropic parameter estimation method based on imaging gathers can provide a more adaptable and reliable initial model, can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of anisotropic tomographic inversion, and provide strong technical support for accurate modeling of anisotropic tomographic inversion. The present invention is aimed at the problem of establishing the initial model of anisotropic parameter field. The method adopted is: first, isotropic velocity is used for offset imaging to obtain imaging gathers. Then the imaging gathers are divided into three parts, namely: near offset gathers, medium offset gathers and far offset gathers. A series of velocities are selected with the isotropic velocity as the intermediate value, and the medium offset gathers and the far offset gathers are scanned respectively. The gathers are flattened to obtain the flattened velocity. The two key anisotropic parameters, ε and δ, can be converted from the relationship between the flattened velocity and the isotropic velocity. By scanning all seismic traces, the global anisotropic parameter field can be obtained.

[0068] In this embodiment, the anisotropic parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers includes the following steps:

[0069] 1) Obtain imaging gathers after conventional processing. The specific conventional processing is determined according to the project requirements, including but not limited to conventional processing processes such as denoising and multiple wave removal;

[0070] 2) The seismic gathers can be roughly classified into three parts according to the offset distance of effective imaging, namely, near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers.

[0071] 3) Determine the scanning speed range, which is generally 60% to 140% of the isotropic speed, and the scanning interval is 0.5% of the isotropic speed. Determine the final scanning speed based on the flattening degree of the gather. The flatter the gather, the more accurate the scanning speed used.

[0072] 4) Through step 3), the mid-offset and far-offset scanning is completed, and the leveling speed Vp2 of the mid-offset and the leveling speed Vp1 of the far-offset are determined:

[0073] 5) The medium offset is more sensitive to δ, so through the relationship:

[0074] Vp2=Vp0(1+2δ)

[0075] Get the δ value;

[0076] Far offsets are more sensitive to ε, so through the relationship;

[0077] Vp1=Vp0(1+2ε)

[0078] Get the ε value.

[0079] 6) All seismic traces can be scanned to obtain the global anisotropic parameter field; seismic traces can also be extracted for scanning, and then the global anisotropic parameter field can be obtained by linear interpolation.

[0080] The present invention provides an anisotropic parameter estimation method based on imaging gathers. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the initial anisotropic parameter field can be obtained more conveniently and quickly, and the anisotropic parameters can be estimated at mid-offset and far-offset distances based on the sensitivity difference between the imaging gathers and the anisotropic parameters, which is more scientific and reasonable. The initial anisotropic parameter field obtained by the present invention can be applied to anisotropic parameter inversion, which can effectively improve the iterative efficiency of the inversion. Based on the flattening of the imaging gathers and the relationship between the velocity and the anisotropic parameters, the present invention provides an anisotropic parameter estimation method by means of scanning. The method is fast and stable, and can quickly estimate the anisotropic parameters, providing an initial model foundation for subsequent more refined modeling.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] This example continues to give the specific verification process of the anisotropic parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers of this application. In order to prove the correctness and effectiveness of the present invention, the following is an illustration through actual data testing. Figure 2-1 , Figure 2-2 , Figure 2-3 , Figure 2-4 .

[0083] Figure 2-1is the imaging gather, which is also the input data of the present invention, with the vertical depth in meters and the horizontal offset in meters;

[0084] Figure 2-2 It is the gather flattened after scanning, with the vertical depth in meters and the horizontal offset in meters;

[0085] Figure 2-3 It is the anisotropy parameter δ field scanned by a single-channel imaging gather. The vertical direction is the depth and the horizontal direction has no unit.

[0086] Figure 2-4 It is the anisotropy parameter ε field scanned by a single-channel imaging gather. The vertical direction is the depth and the horizontal direction has no unit.

[0087] like Figure 2-1 As shown in the figure, a migration imaging gather is obtained by processing with a standard process. The velocity used is the isotropic velocity. Since the influence of the anisotropic parameter is not considered, the imaging gather is not straight enough.

[0088] like Figure 2-2 The figure shows the imaging gather after scanning and flattening. At this time, the program automatically selects the flattening speed to flatten the gather.

[0089] like Figure 2-3 As shown, this is the final single-channel anisotropy parameter δ.

[0090] like Figure 2-4 As shown in Figure 2, the final single-channel anisotropy parameter ε is obtained. The changing trends of the two anisotropy parameters are similar, which is consistent with basic geological understanding.

[0091] Based on the flattening of imaging gathers and the relationship between velocity and anisotropy parameters, the present invention provides an anisotropy parameter estimation method by means of scanning. The method is fast and stable, and can quickly estimate the anisotropy parameters, providing an initial model basis for subsequent more refined modeling.

[0092] Example 4

[0093] In the second aspect, the present application provides an anisotropic parameter scanning device based on imaging gathers, see Figure 3 , the device includes an acquisition module, an imaging gather classification module, a scanning speed determination module, a flattening speed determination module and an anisotropy parameter determination module;

[0094] The acquisition module is used to obtain imaging gathers; specifically, seismic imaging gathers refer to a group of seismic records obtained after processing in seismic exploration, which come from the same reflection point underground and have the same underground offset. By analyzing and processing these seismic records, underground stratigraphic structure and physical property information can be obtained. In seismic exploration, multiple seismic detectors are usually used to receive seismic waves from underground reflection points. Each detector records a seismic trace, so the records of multiple detectors constitute seismic imaging gathers. By processing and interpreting these seismic records, underground stratigraphic structure and physical property information can be obtained, which provides an important basis for the exploration and development of resources such as oil and natural gas. In this embodiment, the imaging gathers are imaging gathers obtained by using isotropic velocity for offset imaging. In one embodiment, conventionally processed imaging gathers can also be used. The specific conventional processing is determined according to the project requirements, including but not limited to conventional processing processes such as denoising and multiple wave removal. Please refer to the prior art for the specific process of obtaining the imaging gathers, and this application will not repeat them here.

[0095] The imaging gather classification module is used to classify the imaging gathers into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset of effective imaging; in this embodiment, the imaging gathers are classified into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset of effective imaging, so as to facilitate the subsequent determination of the leveling speed of each classified gather. Specifically, for example, the imaging gathers are classified into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers on average according to the offset of effective imaging. In one embodiment, the imaging gather classification module is used to classify the imaging gathers into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers on average according to the offset of effective imaging.

[0096] The scanning speed determination module is used to determine the scanning speed according to the flattening degree of the imaging gather; in this embodiment, the scanning speed is determined according to the flattening degree of the imaging gather, that is, the final scanning speed is determined according to the flattening degree of the gather, and the flatter the gather is, the more accurate the scanning speed used is. In one embodiment, in the determination of the scanning speed according to the flattening degree of the imaging gather, the scanning speed is 60% to 140% of the isotropic speed, and the scanning interval is 0.5% of the isotropic speed. In this way, the applicant has found through research that the above scanning speed can better determine the two key anisotropic parameters ε and δ.

[0097] The leveling speed determination module is used to scan the mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather respectively according to the determined scanning speed, and determine the leveling speed Vp1 of the far-offset and the leveling speed Vp2 of the mid-offset; in this embodiment, the mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather are scanned respectively according to the determined scanning speed to determine the leveling speed Vp1 of the far-offset and the leveling speed Vp2 of the mid-offset. Of course, in actual use, the speed is scanned from low speed to high speed, the shape and continuity changes of the reflection wave group are observed, and the speed that makes the reflection wave group the flattest and the best continuity is found, which is the leveling speed. The mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather are scanned respectively, the shape and continuity changes of the mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather are observed, and the speed that makes the reflection wave group the flattest and the best continuity is found, which is the leveling speed corresponding to the mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather. Of course, in other embodiments, the scanning speed can also be adjusted to a certain extent on the basis of normal speed scanning to find a more accurate leveling speed.

[0098] The anisotropic parameter determination module is used to determine the anisotropic parameter ε value according to the flattening speed Vp1 of the far offset; and to determine the anisotropic parameter δ value according to the flattening speed Vp2 of the mid-offset. In this embodiment, the corresponding anisotropic parameter is determined according to the flattening speed. Considering that the mid-offset is more sensitive to δ, the anisotropic parameter δ value is determined by the mid-offset flattening speed Vp2. Considering that the far offset is more sensitive to ε, the anisotropic parameter ε value is determined by the flattening speed Vp1 of the far offset.

[0099] The anisotropic parameter scanning device based on imaging gathers includes an acquisition module, an imaging gather classification module, a scanning speed determination module, a flattening speed determination module and an anisotropic parameter determination module; by classifying the imaging gathers into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset distance of effective imaging; then selecting the scanning speed with the isotropic speed as the intermediate value, and determining the final scanning speed according to the flattening degree of the gathers, the flatter the gathers, the more accurate the scanning speed used; then scanning the medium-offset gathers and the far-offset gathers respectively to obtain the flattening speeds of the medium-offset gathers and the far-offset gathers, and then converting the two key anisotropic parameters ε and δ through the relationship between the flattening speed and the isotropic speed, and then obtaining the anisotropic parameters. Later, by scanning all seismic traces, the global anisotropic parameter field can be obtained. The anisotropic parameter estimation method based on imaging gathers provided by the present invention. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: it is more convenient and quick to obtain the initial anisotropic parameter field, and based on the sensitivity difference between the imaging gathers and the anisotropic parameters, the anisotropic parameters are estimated at mid-offset and far-offset distances, which is more scientific and reasonable. The initial anisotropic parameter field obtained by the present invention can be applied to anisotropic parameter inversion, which can effectively improve the iterative efficiency of the inversion. Based on the flattening of the imaging gathers and the relationship between the velocity and the anisotropic parameters, the present invention provides an anisotropic parameter estimation method by scanning. The method is fast and stable, and can quickly estimate the anisotropic parameters, providing an initial model basis for subsequent more refined modeling. The anisotropic parameter scanning method based on the imaging gathers provided in the present application has relatively good accuracy and high efficiency in the determination process, and because layer scanning can be used, the resolution is also high.

[0100] In order to better determine the value of the anisotropy parameter ε by the flattening velocity Vp1 at the far offset, in one embodiment, the anisotropy parameter determination module uses the following formula to determine the value of the anisotropy parameter ε according to the flattening velocity Vp1 at the far offset:

[0101] Vp1=Vp0(1+2ε)

[0102] Thus, by adopting the above formula, the anisotropy parameter ε can be better determined according to the flattening velocity Vp1 at far offset. Where Vp0 is the isotropic velocity, or in other words, it is the isotropic velocity when the imaging gather is obtained by using the isotropic velocity for migration imaging.

[0103] In order to better determine the value of the anisotropy parameter δ by the mid-offset leveling velocity Vp2, in one embodiment, the anisotropy parameter determination module uses the following formula to determine the value of the anisotropy parameter δ according to the mid-offset leveling velocity Vp2:

[0104] Vp2=Vp0(1+2δ)

[0105] Thus, by adopting the above formula, the anisotropic parameter δ value can be better determined according to the mid-offset flattening velocity Vp2, where Vp0 is the isotropic velocity, or in other words, it is the isotropic velocity when the imaging gather is obtained by using the isotropic velocity for migration imaging.

[0106] In this embodiment, the anisotropic parameter determination module determines the anisotropic parameter δ value by using Vp2=Vp0(1+2δ) and the anisotropic parameter ε value by using Vp1=Vp0(1+2ε). The imaging gather classification module is used to classify the imaging gathers into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset of effective imaging; the scanning speed determination module then selects the scanning speed with the isotropic speed as the intermediate value, and determines the final scanning speed according to the flattening degree of the gathers. The flatter the gathers, the more accurate the scanning speed used; then the flattening speed determination module scans the medium-offset gathers and the far-offset gathers respectively to obtain the flattening speeds of the medium-offset gathers and the far-offset gathers, and then the anisotropic parameter determination module can convert the two key anisotropic parameters ε and δ through the relationship between the flattening speed and the isotropic speed, and the anisotropic parameters can be obtained. Later, by scanning all seismic traces, the global anisotropic parameter field can be obtained. The present invention provides an anisotropic parameter estimation method based on imaging gathers. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the initial anisotropic parameter field can be obtained more conveniently and quickly, and the anisotropic parameters are estimated at mid-offset and far-offset distances based on the sensitivity difference between the imaging gathers and the anisotropic parameters, which is more scientific and reasonable. The initial anisotropic parameter field obtained by the present invention can be applied to anisotropic parameter inversion, which can effectively improve the iterative efficiency of the inversion. Based on the flattening of the imaging gathers and the relationship between the velocity and the anisotropic parameters, the present invention provides an anisotropic parameter estimation method by means of scanning. The method is fast and stable, and can quickly estimate the anisotropic parameters, providing an initial model basis for subsequent more refined modeling. The anisotropic parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers provided in the present application has relatively good accuracy, high efficiency in the determination process, and because layer scanning can be used, the resolution is also high.

[0107] In one of the embodiments, the anisotropic parameter scanning device based on imaging gathers also includes an anisotropic parameter field determination module, which is respectively connected to the acquisition module, the imaging gather classification module, the scanning speed determination module, the flattening speed determination module and the anisotropic parameter determination module; the anisotropic parameter field determination module is used to determine the corresponding anisotropic parameter δ value and the anisotropic parameter ε value for all seismic gathers through the acquisition module, the imaging gather classification module, the scanning speed determination module, the flattening speed determination module and the anisotropic parameter determination module, respectively, to obtain a global anisotropic parameter field. In this embodiment, all seismic gathers are classified into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset of effective imaging, and then the scanning speed is determined according to the flattening degree of the imaging gathers; according to the determined scanning speed, the medium-offset gathers and the far-offset gathers are scanned respectively to determine the flattening speed Vp1 of the far-offset and the flattening speed Vp2 of the medium-offset; the anisotropy parameter ε value is determined according to the flattening speed Vp1 of the far-offset; the anisotropy parameter δ value is determined according to the medium-offset flattening speed Vp2, so as to obtain the anisotropy parameter ε value and the anisotropy parameter δ value of all seismic gathers respectively. In this embodiment, all seismic gathers can also be referred to as all seismic imaging gathers or all imaging gathers.

[0108] In one embodiment, the anisotropic parameter field determination module includes:

[0109] An extraction and anisotropy parameter determination unit, the extraction and anisotropy parameter determination module is used to extract imaging gathers, and the extraction and anisotropy parameter determination unit is used to determine corresponding anisotropy parameter δ values ​​and anisotropy parameter ε values ​​for all seismic gathers respectively through the acquisition module, the imaging gather classification module, the scanning speed determination module, the flattening speed determination module and the anisotropy parameter determination module according to the extracted imaging gathers;

[0110] The anisotropy parameter field determination unit is used to obtain the global anisotropy parameter field of the imaging gather through linear interpolation according to the corresponding anisotropy parameter δ value and the anisotropy parameter ε value.

[0111] In this embodiment, the corresponding anisotropy parameter δ value and the anisotropy parameter ε value are determined based on the extraction of the imaging gathers respectively, and then the global anisotropy parameter field of the imaging gathers is obtained by linear interpolation. In this embodiment, the global anisotropy parameter field of the imaging gathers is obtained by linear interpolation based on the anisotropy parameters, which can be carried out according to the following steps: Collect anisotropy parameters: First, it is necessary to collect anisotropy parameters near each imaging point, including longitudinal wave velocity, shear wave velocity, density, etc. These parameters can be obtained through various methods such as seismic exploration and geological survey. Interpolation calculation: Based on the collected anisotropy parameters, the global anisotropy parameters of each imaging point can be calculated using a linear interpolation method. The linear interpolation method can select different interpolation algorithms according to actual conditions, such as bilinear interpolation, trilinear interpolation, etc. Construct a global anisotropy parameter field: By combining the global anisotropy parameters of each imaging point, the global anisotropy parameter field of the imaging gather can be constructed. This parameter field can reflect the overall characteristics of the underground medium in terms of anisotropy and provide an important reference for subsequent seismic data processing and interpretation.

[0112] In this embodiment, all seismic traces are scanned to obtain the global anisotropic parameter field; seismic traces may also be extracted for scanning, and then the global anisotropic parameter field may be obtained by linear interpolation.

[0113] In this embodiment, the scanning may be performed layer by layer, for example, once every 300 ms. In this way, the resolution of the flattening velocity determined based on layer by layer scanning is high, and the process efficiency of determining the anisotropic parameters is also high.

[0114] The anisotropic parameter scanning device based on imaging gathers includes an acquisition module, an imaging gather classification module, a scanning speed determination module, a flattening speed determination module and an anisotropic parameter determination module; by classifying the imaging gathers into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset distance of effective imaging; then selecting the scanning speed with the isotropic speed as the intermediate value, and determining the final scanning speed according to the flattening degree of the gathers, the flatter the gathers, the more accurate the scanning speed used; then scanning the medium-offset gathers and the far-offset gathers respectively to obtain the flattening speeds of the medium-offset gathers and the far-offset gathers, and then converting the two key anisotropic parameters ε and δ through the relationship between the flattening speed and the isotropic speed, and then obtaining the anisotropic parameters. Later, by scanning all seismic traces, the global anisotropic parameter field can be obtained. The anisotropic parameter estimation method based on imaging gathers provided by the present invention. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: it is more convenient and quick to obtain the initial anisotropic parameter field, and based on the sensitivity difference between the imaging gathers and the anisotropic parameters, the anisotropic parameters are estimated at mid-offset and far-offset distances, which is more scientific and reasonable. The initial anisotropic parameter field obtained by the present invention can be applied to anisotropic parameter inversion, which can effectively improve the iterative efficiency of the inversion. Based on the flattening of the imaging gathers and the relationship between the velocity and the anisotropic parameters, the present invention provides an anisotropic parameter estimation method by scanning. The method is fast and stable, and can quickly estimate the anisotropic parameters, providing an initial model basis for subsequent more refined modeling. The anisotropic parameter scanning method based on the imaging gathers provided in the present application has relatively good accuracy and high efficiency in the determination process, and because layer scanning can be used, the resolution is also high.

[0115] Example 5

[0116] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method described in any of the above embodiments when executing the program.

[0117] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, wherein the internal structure diagram of the computer device can be as follows: Figure 4As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a network interface, a display screen and an input device connected through a system bus. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The network interface of the computer device is used to communicate with the server through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, an anisotropic parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers is implemented. The display screen of the computer device can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or a button, trackball or touchpad set on the computer device shell, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse, etc.

[0118] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 4 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0119] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:

[0120] 1) Obtain imaging gathers; seismic imaging gathers refer to a group of seismic records obtained after processing in seismic exploration. These records come from the same reflection point underground and have the same underground offset. By analyzing and processing these seismic records, underground stratigraphic structure and physical property information can be obtained. In seismic exploration, multiple seismic detectors are usually used to receive seismic waves from underground reflection points. Each detector records a seismic trace, so the records of multiple detectors constitute a seismic imaging gather. By processing and interpreting these seismic records, underground stratigraphic structure and physical property information can be obtained, which provides an important basis for the exploration and development of resources such as oil and natural gas. In this embodiment, the imaging gather is an imaging gather obtained by using isotropic velocity for offset imaging. In one embodiment, conventionally processed imaging gathers can also be used. The specific conventional processing is determined according to the project requirements, including but not limited to conventional processing processes such as denoising and removing multiple waves. Please refer to the prior art for the specific process of obtaining the imaging gather, and this application will not repeat it here.

[0121] 2) Classifying the imaging gathers into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset of effective imaging; In this embodiment, the imaging gathers are classified into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset of effective imaging, so as to facilitate the subsequent determination of the leveling speed of each classified gather. Specifically, for example, the imaging gathers are classified into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset of effective imaging. In one embodiment, the imaging gathers are classified into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset of effective imaging.

[0122] 3) Determine the scanning speed according to the flattening degree of the imaging gathers; In this embodiment, the scanning speed is determined according to the flattening degree of the imaging gathers, that is, the final scanning speed is determined according to the flattening degree of the gathers. The flatter the gathers are, the more accurate the scanning speed used is. In one embodiment, in the determination of the scanning speed according to the flattening degree of the imaging gathers, the scanning speed is 60% to 140% of the isotropic speed, and the scanning interval is 0.5% of the isotropic speed. Thus, the applicant has found through research that the above scanning speed can better determine the two key anisotropic parameters ε and δ.

[0123] 4) According to the determined scanning speed, the mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather are scanned respectively to determine the far-offset leveling speed Vp1 and the mid-offset leveling speed Vp2; In this embodiment, according to the determined scanning speed, the mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather are scanned respectively to determine the far-offset leveling speed Vp1 and the mid-offset leveling speed Vp2. Of course, in actual use, the speed is scanned from low speed to high speed, the morphology and continuity changes of the reflection wave group are observed, and the speed that makes the reflection wave group the flattest and the best continuity is found, which is the leveling speed. The mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather are scanned respectively, the morphology and continuity changes of the mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather are observed, and the speed that makes the reflection wave group the flattest and the best continuity is found, which is the leveling speed corresponding to the mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather. Of course, in other embodiments, the scanning speed can also be adjusted to a certain extent on the basis of normal speed scanning to find a more accurate leveling speed.

[0124] 5) Determine the value of the anisotropic parameter ε according to the leveling speed Vp1 at the far offset; determine the value of the anisotropic parameter δ according to the leveling speed Vp2 at the mid-offset. In this embodiment, the corresponding anisotropic parameter is determined according to the leveling speed. Considering that the mid-offset is more sensitive to δ, the value of the anisotropic parameter δ is determined by the leveling speed Vp2 at the mid-offset. Considering that the far offset is more sensitive to ε, the value of the anisotropic parameter ε is determined by the leveling speed Vp1 at the far offset.

[0125] The above-mentioned computer device, when the processor executes the computer program, implements the steps of the above-mentioned anisotropic parameter scanning method based on imaging gathers, by classifying the imaging gathers into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset distance of effective imaging; then the scanning speed is selected with the isotropic velocity as the intermediate value, and the final scanning speed is determined according to the flattening degree of the gathers. The flatter the gathers are, the more accurate the scanning speed used is; then the medium-offset gathers and the far-offset gathers are scanned respectively to obtain the flattening velocities of the medium-offset gathers and the far-offset gathers, and then the two key anisotropic parameters ε and δ can be converted through the relationship between the flattening velocity and the isotropic velocity, and the anisotropic parameters can be obtained. Later, by scanning all seismic traces, the global anisotropic parameter field can be obtained. The anisotropic parameter estimation method based on imaging gathers provided by the present invention. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: it is more convenient and quick to obtain the initial anisotropic parameter field, and based on the sensitivity difference between the imaging gathers and the anisotropic parameters, the anisotropic parameters are estimated at mid-offset and far-offset distances, which is more scientific and reasonable. The initial anisotropic parameter field obtained by the present invention can be applied to anisotropic parameter inversion, which can effectively improve the iterative efficiency of the inversion. Based on the flattening of the imaging gathers and the relationship between the velocity and the anisotropic parameters, the present invention provides an anisotropic parameter estimation method by scanning. The method is fast and stable, and can quickly estimate the anisotropic parameters, providing an initial model basis for subsequent more refined modeling. The anisotropic parameter scanning method based on the imaging gathers provided in the present application has relatively good accuracy and high efficiency in the determination process, and because layer scanning can be used, the resolution is also high.

[0126] Example 6

[0127] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in any of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0128] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to memory, storage, database or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

[0129] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification. It should be noted that "in one embodiment", "for example", "for example", etc. in this application are intended to illustrate the present application, rather than to limit the present application. The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that for a person of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several variations and improvements can also be made, which all belong to the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent in this application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for scanning anisotropic parameters based on imaging gathers, characterized in that: The steps include: Obtain imaging gathers; The imaging gathers are classified into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset distance of effective imaging. Determine the scanning speed according to the flattening degree of the imaging gather; According to the determined scanning speed, the mid-offset gather and the far-offset gather are scanned respectively to determine the far-offset leveling speed Vp1 and the mid-offset leveling speed Vp2; The value of the anisotropic parameter ε is determined according to the leveling velocity Vp1 at far offset; the value of the anisotropic parameter δ is determined according to the leveling velocity Vp2 at medium offset.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The imaging gathers are classified into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset distance of effective imaging.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In determining the scanning speed according to the flattening degree of the imaging gather, the scanning speed is 60% to 140% of the isotropic speed, and the scanning interval is 0.5% of the isotropic speed.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anisotropy parameter ε value is determined according to the flattening velocity Vp1 at the far offset using the following formula: Vp1 = Vp0 (1 + 2ε).

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The anisotropy parameter δ value is determined according to the mid-offset leveling velocity Vp2 using the following formula: Vp2=Vp0(1+2δ).

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that After determining the value of the anisotropy parameter ε according to the flattening velocity Vp1 at the far offset and determining the value of the anisotropy parameter δ according to the flattening velocity Vp2 at the mid-offset, the method further comprises the following steps: The corresponding anisotropy parameter δ and anisotropy parameter ε are determined for all seismic gathers to obtain the global anisotropy parameter field.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that After determining the value of the anisotropy parameter ε according to the flattening velocity Vp1 at the far offset and determining the value of the anisotropy parameter δ according to the flattening velocity Vp2 at the mid-offset, the method further comprises the following steps: Extract imaging gathers respectively and determine the corresponding anisotropy parameter δ and anisotropy parameter ε values ​​respectively; The global anisotropy parameter field of the imaging gathers is obtained by linear interpolation.

8. An anisotropic parameter scanning device based on imaging gathers, characterized in that: The device comprises: An acquisition module is used to acquire imaging gathers; An imaging gather classification module is used to classify imaging gathers into near-offset gathers, medium-offset gathers and far-offset gathers according to the offset of effective imaging; A scanning speed determination module, used to determine the scanning speed according to the flattening degree of the imaging gather; A leveling speed determination module is used to scan the medium offset gather and the far offset gather respectively according to the determined scanning speed, and determine the far offset leveling speed Vp1 and the medium offset leveling speed Vp2; The anisotropic parameter determination module is used to determine the anisotropic parameter ε value according to the flattening velocity Vp1 at a far offset; and to determine the anisotropic parameter δ value according to the flattening velocity Vp2 at a medium offset.

9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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