A high entropy target body for deuterium-deuterium neutron generator, a high entropy target and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator, a high-entropy target, and a method for preparing the same. The high-entropy target is a high-entropy alloy composed of five elements: copper, zirconium, vanadium, titanium, and aluminum. The high-entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator provided by the present invention improves the machinability of the high-entropy alloy by adding copper to the target. Due to the differences in atomic size, bond type, and lattice potential energy of copper, zirconium, vanadium, titanium, and aluminum, the crystal structure is distorted, and the diffusion coefficient of deuterium particles in the target is significantly lower than that of pure titanium. Therefore, the target prepared from the high-entropy alloy can further increase the deuterium desorption temperature from the target while maintaining excellent heat removal capacity, reaching a maximum of 350°C, which is 200°C higher than the maximum desorption temperature of deuterium from pure titanium, thereby improving the target's deuterium adsorption capacity over a wider temperature range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of deuterium-deuterium neutron generator target materials, and in particular to a high-entropy target body and a high-entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A deuterium-deuterium neutron generator is an experimental device capable of producing high-energy neutrons through a deuterium-deuterium fusion reaction. Specifically, a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator bombards a target material with a deuterium ion beam, causing the deuterium ions to fuse with deuterium adsorbed on the target, thereby producing neutrons. Due to its outstanding characteristics, deuterium-deuterium neutron generators are now used in many fields, primarily in the nuclear industry, medicine, and materials science.

[0003] The target is a crucial component of a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator. On the one hand, the target needs to have excellent removal capabilities for high heat loads. On the other hand, the deuterium desorption temperature of the target material has a significant impact on the neutron yield of the neutron generator. Currently, the deuterium desorption temperature of the more mature titanium target is too low (only 200°C), resulting in a low proportion of deuterium in the titanium target under high beam current and high heat load conditions, which greatly limits further improvements in the neutron yield of the deuterium-deuterium neutron generator. Therefore, how to increase the deuterium desorption temperature of the target is one of the key issues in further improving the neutron yield of the deuterium-deuterium neutron generator. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, a high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator is provided. The high entropy target is smelted to obtain a high entropy alloy that can withstand a maximum temperature of 350°C, thereby solving the problem that the current target can withstand a maximum temperature that is too low.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] To solve this problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A high-entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator. The high-entropy target is made of a high-entropy alloy consisting of copper, zirconium, vanadium, titanium, and aluminum. The mass ratio of the copper, zirconium, vanadium, titanium, and aluminum in the high-entropy alloy is 60:10:10:10:10 to 80:5:5:5:5.

[0009] Wherein, the particle size of the high entropy alloy grains is 5-10 μm.

[0010] The above-mentioned method for preparing a high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator uses a smelting method to synthesize a copper-zirconium-vanadium-titanium-aluminum high entropy alloy. The smelting parameters are a smelting temperature of 1550°C to 1600°C and a vacuum degree of <2×10 -2 Pa.

[0011] Among them, the melting method is induction melting.

[0012] Among them, the heating rate in the smelting parameters is 5~10℃ / s, and it is heated to 1550℃ and maintained for 35~40 minutes.

[0013] After the smelting is completed, the method further includes a step of naturally annealing the high entropy alloy.

[0014] A high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator comprises a target substrate and the high entropy target body for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator.

[0015] A method for preparing a high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Processing the target substrate into shape;

[0017] Step 2: Deburring and finishing the high entropy alloy, turning out the target surface shape and the heat sink at the bottom of the target, and obtaining a high entropy target body;

[0018] Step 3: welding the obtained high entropy target onto the target substrate;

[0019] Step 4: Finally, polish the target surface and perform leak detection.

[0020] Wherein, the material of the target substrate is a copper block.

[0021] Among them, the welding method between the high entropy target and the target substrate is silver-copper brazing.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] (1) The present invention designs a high-entropy alloy, which has copper as the main element. Copper works synergistically with zirconium, vanadium, titanium, and aluminum to form a high-entropy alloy composed of five elements. Copper is the main element, which can improve the machinability of the high-entropy alloy; zirconium and titanium are distributed on the grain boundaries, aluminum is uniformly distributed overall, and vanadium is distributed in granular form within the copper grains. Due to the differences in atomic size, bond type, and lattice potential energy of copper, zirconium, vanadium, titanium, and aluminum, the crystal structure is distorted, and the diffusion coefficient of deuterium particles in it is significantly lower than that of pure titanium metal. Therefore, the maximum temperature that this high-entropy alloy can withstand is 350°C, which is 200°C higher than the maximum temperature that pure titanium metal can withstand.

[0024] (2) The preparation method of the present invention utilizes induction melting technology to prepare copper-zirconium-vanadium-titanium-aluminum high entropy alloy, which is simple to operate and easy to process.

[0025] (3) The present invention processes the high entropy alloy into a target body by fine machining, and then welds the target body and the target substrate by silver-copper brazing, which can improve the uniformity of the copper-zirconium-vanadium-titanium-aluminum high entropy alloy and also increase the maximum temperature that the target can withstand. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is the EDS micrograph of the high entropy alloy prepared in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 2 : is the distribution diagram of copper in the high entropy alloy prepared in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 3 is the distribution diagram of zirconium in the high entropy alloy prepared in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 4 : is the distribution diagram of vanadium in the high entropy alloy prepared in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 5 : is the distribution diagram of titanium in the high entropy alloy prepared in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 6 is the distribution diagram of aluminum in the high entropy alloy prepared in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the high entropy target prepared in Example 5;

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the substrate structure of the high entropy target;

[0034] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the target structure of the high entropy target. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0036] The present invention provides a high-entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator. The high-entropy target is made of a high-entropy alloy composed of copper, zirconium, vanadium, titanium, and aluminum, wherein the mass ratio of copper, zirconium, vanadium, titanium, and aluminum in the high-entropy alloy is 60:10:10:10:10 to 80:5:5:5:5. The five elements copper, zirconium, vanadium, titanium, and aluminum in the high-entropy alloy exist as a single-phase solid solution alloy, and the particle size is 5 to 10 μm.

[0037] The target prepared by high-entropy alloy can further increase the desorption temperature of deuterium from the target while ensuring excellent heat removal capability, up to 350°C, which is 200°C higher than the maximum desorption temperature of deuterium from pure titanium metal. This improves the target's adsorption capacity for deuterium in a wider temperature range, laying a solid technical foundation for further improving the neutron yield of deuterium-deuterium neutron generators.

[0038] The above-mentioned method for preparing a high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator is specifically as follows: a copper-zirconium-vanadium-titanium-aluminum high entropy alloy is synthesized by smelting, wherein the smelting parameters are a smelting temperature of 1550°C to 1600°C, a vacuum degree of <2×10 -2 Pa.

[0039] Preferably, the smelting method is an induction smelting method, and the ingredient metals are placed in a graphite crucible according to the proportion and melted into a high entropy alloy.

[0040] More preferably, the heating rate in the smelting parameters is 5-10°C / s, and the temperature is maintained at 1550°C for 35-40 minutes.

[0041] Furthermore, after the smelting is completed, a step of naturally annealing the high entropy alloy is also included.

[0042] A high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator comprises a target substrate and the high entropy target body for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator.

[0043] A method for preparing a high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator comprises the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Processing the target substrate into shape; the target substrate is made of a copper block;

[0045] Step 2: Deburring and finishing the high entropy alloy, turning out the target surface shape and the heat sink at the bottom of the target, and obtaining a high entropy target body;

[0046] Step 3: welding the obtained high entropy target onto the target substrate;

[0047] Step 4: Finally, polish the target surface and remove any leaks.

[0048] Preferably, the high entropy target and the target substrate are welded by silver-copper brazing.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] This embodiment prepares a high entropy target.

[0051] (1) Place 12 kg of copper metal block, 0.75 kg of zirconium metal block, 0.75 kg of vanadium metal block, 0.75 kg of titanium metal block, and 0.75 kg of aluminum metal block into a graphite crucible, and place the graphite crucible into an induction melting furnace;

[0052] (2) Vacuum the induction melting furnace to a vacuum degree of <2×10 -2 Pa;

[0053] (3) Set the heating rate of the induction melting furnace to 5°C / s, heat to 1550°C and maintain for 35 minutes;

[0054] (4) The high entropy alloy obtained in step (3) is subjected to natural annealing treatment.

[0055] Figure 1 This is the EDS image of the high entropy alloy prepared in this example. Figures 2 to 6 The following are distribution diagrams of each element. The diagram shows that copper is the primary element in the high-entropy alloy, accounting for at least 60%, which improves its machinability. Zirconium and titanium are distributed at the grain boundaries, aluminum is evenly distributed throughout, and vanadium is distributed in granular form within the copper grains. Due to the differences in atomic size, bond type, and lattice potential energy of copper, zirconium, vanadium, titanium, and aluminum, the crystal structure is distorted, and the diffusion coefficient of deuterium particles is significantly lower than that of pure titanium. Therefore, the maximum temperature that this high-entropy alloy can withstand is 350°C.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] This embodiment prepares a high entropy target.

[0058] (1) Place 12 kg of copper metal block, 0.75 kg of zirconium metal block, 0.75 kg of vanadium metal block, 0.75 kg of titanium metal block, and 0.75 kg of aluminum metal block into a graphite crucible, and place the graphite crucible into an induction melting furnace;

[0059] (2) Vacuum the induction melting furnace to a vacuum degree of <2×10 -2 Pa;

[0060] (3) Set the heating rate of the induction melting furnace to 10°C / s, heat to 1600°C and maintain for 40 minutes;

[0061] (4) The high entropy alloy obtained in step (3) is subjected to natural annealing treatment.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] This embodiment prepares a high entropy target.

[0064] (1) Place 10.5 kg of copper metal block, 1.125 kg of zirconium metal block, 1.125 kg of vanadium metal block, 1.125 kg of titanium metal block, and 1.125 kg of aluminum metal block into a graphite crucible, and place the graphite crucible into an induction melting furnace;

[0065] (2) Vacuum the induction melting furnace to a vacuum degree of <2×10 -2 Pa;

[0066] (3) Set the heating rate of the induction melting furnace to 5°C / s, heat to 1550°C and maintain for 35 minutes;

[0067] (4) The high entropy alloy obtained in step (3) is subjected to natural annealing treatment.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] This embodiment prepares a high entropy target.

[0070] (1) Place 9 kg of copper metal block, 1.5 kg of zirconium metal block, 1.5 kg of vanadium metal block, 1.5 kg of titanium metal block, and 1.5 kg of aluminum metal block into a graphite crucible, and place the graphite crucible into an induction melting furnace;

[0071] (2) Vacuum the induction melting furnace to a vacuum degree of <2×10 -2 Pa;

[0072] (3) Set the heating rate of the induction melting furnace to 5°C / s, heat to 1550°C and maintain for 35 minutes;

[0073] (4) The high entropy alloy obtained in step (3) is subjected to natural annealing treatment.

[0074] Example 5

[0075] This embodiment prepares a high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator, using the high entropy target body prepared in Example 1.

[0076] A method for preparing a high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator comprises the following steps:

[0077] Step 1: Select a suitable copper block and place it on the machine tool for processing. Figure 8 The target substrate shape shown;

[0078] Step 2: The high entropy alloy obtained in Example 1 is subjected to rough machining to remove burrs, and then subjected to precision machining on a precision machine tool to turn the high entropy alloy into the following shape: Figure 9The target surface shape and the heat dissipation structure at the bottom of the target are shown;

[0079] Step 3: After the above preparations are completed, the target substrate and the high entropy target body are welded together by silver-copper brazing to form Figure 7 High entropy target shown;

[0080] Step 4: Finally, the high entropy target is polished and leak tested.

[0081] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0082] Any portions not described in detail in this specification are known in the art. The above embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Various equivalent substitutions and modifications that do not depart from the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be encompassed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator, characterized in that: The high entropy target is made of a high entropy alloy, which is composed of copper, zirconium, vanadium, titanium, and aluminum. The mass ratio of copper, zirconium, vanadium, titanium, and aluminum in the high entropy alloy is 60:10:10:10:10 to 80:5:5:5:

5.

2. The high entropy target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grain size of the high entropy alloy is 5-10 μm.

3. The method for preparing a high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The copper-zirconium-vanadium-titanium-aluminum high entropy alloy was synthesized by smelting. The smelting parameters included a smelting temperature of 1550°C to 1600°C and a vacuum degree of <2×10 -2 Pa.

4. The method for preparing a high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The melting method is induction melting.

5. The method for preparing a high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating rate in the smelting parameters is 5~10℃ / s, and it is heated to 1550℃ and maintained for 35~40 minutes.

6. The method for preparing a high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: After the smelting is completed, the method further includes a step of naturally annealing the high entropy alloy.

7. A high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator, characterized in that: The invention comprises a target substrate and the high entropy target body for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator according to claim 1 or 2.

8. The method for preparing a high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Processing the target substrate into shape; Step 2: Deburring and finishing the high entropy alloy, turning out the target surface shape and the heat sink at the bottom of the target, and obtaining a high entropy target body; Step 3: welding the obtained high entropy target onto the target substrate; Step 4: Finally, polish the target surface and perform leak detection.

9. The method for preparing a high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The target substrate is made of copper.

10. The method for preparing a high entropy target for a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The high entropy target and the target substrate are welded by silver-copper brazing.

Images