Modulation-based hybrid automatic repeat request feedback retransmission design using different bit ordering scheme

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. For example, the described techniques provide a wireless device that transmits an initial transmission associated with a data payload, such as a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) payload. The initial transmission may include a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, and the set of bits may include a first subset of bits that is transmitted with a lower transmission reliability than a second subset of bits of the set of bits. The wireless device may modulate the first subset of bits using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme. The second bit ordering scheme may be associated with a higher transmit reliability of the first subset of bits. The wireless device may transmit a second transmission of the data payload using the modulated set of bits.

Description

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. patent application No. 17 / 951,080, entitled “MODULATION BASED HYBRID AUTOMATIC REPEAT REQUEST FEEDBACK RETRANSMISSION DESIGN,” filed by Yang et al. on September 22, 2022, which is assigned to the assignee of this application and is expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention relates to wireless communications, including a modulation-based hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback retransmission design. Background Art

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. These systems may be able to support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems (such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, advanced LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as new radio (NR) systems). These systems may employ techniques such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations, each of which supports wireless communication of a communication device, which may be referred to as a user equipment (UE).

[0005] In some wireless systems, a wireless device may send hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback associated with data communication. For example, in response to receiving data from a network entity, the UE may send HARQ acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK) feedback indicating successful reception of the data, or may send HARQ negative acknowledgment (HARQ-NACK) feedback indicating successful reception of the data. The HARQ transmission and HARQ retransmission may include one or more parity bits so that a receiver may receive the transmission and retransmission and combine the transmission and retransmission to decode the HARQ payload. Summary of the invention

[0006] The described technology relates to improved methods, systems, devices and apparatuses for supporting modulation-based hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback retransmission designs. For example, the described technology provides a wireless device that transmits an initial transmission associated with a data payload (such as a HARQ payload). The initial transmission may include a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, and the set of bits may include a first bit subset, which is transmitted with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The lower transmission reliability may be based on the conditional entropy of the bit as modulated into a symbol. The wireless device may modulate the first bit subset using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated bit set, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme. The second bit ordering scheme may be associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset. The wireless device may use the modulated bit set to transmit a second transmission of the data payload.

[0007] A method for wireless communication at a wireless device is described. The method may include: transmitting an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission including a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits; modulating the first bit subset using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability for the first bit subset; and transmitting a second transmission associated with the data payload including the modulated set of bits.

[0008] An apparatus for wireless communication at a wireless device is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: transmit an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission including a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits; modulate the first bit subset using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability for the first bit subset; and transmit a second transmission associated with the data payload including the modulated set of bits.

[0009] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a wireless device is described. The apparatus may include: means for transmitting an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits; means for modulating the first bit subset using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability for the first bit subset; and means for transmitting a second transmission associated with the data payload comprising the modulated set of bits.

[0010] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a wireless device is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: transmit an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission including a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits; modulate the first bit subset using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability for the first bit subset; and transmit a second transmission associated with the data payload including the modulated set of bits.

[0011] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme may include operations, features, components, or instructions for the following actions: modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme ordering the bits in the first bit subset so that the bits in the first bit subset that can be sent with a lower transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset via the initial transmission can be associated with a higher transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset for the second transmission.

[0012] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme reversing the bit ordering used for the initial transmission of the first bit subset.

[0013] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a first modulation order may be used to modulate the set of bits initially transmitted, and a second modulation order may be used to modulate the modulated set of bits of the second transmission, wherein the second modulation order may be a modulation order lower than the first modulation order.

[0014] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme may include operations, features, components, or instructions for: determining a conditional entropy corresponding to a modulation order used to modulate the set of bits used for the initial transmission; selecting the first bit subset for the second transmission based on the first bit subset having a higher conditional entropy than the second bit subset; and modulating the selected first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme.

[0015] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: flipping the bit value of each bit in the subset of bits in the first bit subset; and mapping the first bit subset including the flipped bit values ​​to a modulation order to generate the modulated bit set.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the same scrambling identifier may be used to scramble the set of bits of the initial transmission and the first subset of the second transmission.

[0017] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for selecting one or more parity bits from a data buffer associated with the data payload to include in the second transmission.

[0018] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the one or more parity bits so that the one or more parity bits may be associated with a higher transmission reliability than the first subset.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the second bit ordering scheme reverses an order of bits in the first subset.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, selecting the one or more parity bits may include operations, features, components, or instructions for selecting the one or more parity bits until a decoding rate threshold for the second transmission can be met.

[0021] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the initially transmitted set of bits may be modulated using probability shaping modulation, the first subset of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second subset of bits of the set of bits based on the probability shaping modulation.

[0022] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the first bit subset based on transmission reliability of the bit positions for the probability shaping modulation.

[0023] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for communicating control signaling indicating the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme, or both.

[0024] A method for wireless communication at a wireless device is described. The method may include: receiving an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission including a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits; and receiving a second transmission associated with the data payload, the second transmission including a second set of bits modulated using a second bit ordering scheme that is different from the first bit ordering scheme and produces a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability for the first bit subset.

[0025] An apparatus for wireless communication at a wireless device is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receive an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission including a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits; and receive a second transmission associated with the data payload, the second transmission including a second set of bits modulated using a second bit ordering scheme that is different from the first bit ordering scheme and produces a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability for the first bit subset.

[0026] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a wireless device is described. The apparatus may include: means for receiving an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits; and means for receiving a second transmission associated with the data payload, the second transmission comprising a second set of bits modulated using a second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme and producing a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability for the first bit subset.

[0027] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a wireless device is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission including a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits; and receive a second transmission associated with the data payload, the second transmission including a second set of bits modulated using a second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme and producing a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability for the first bit subset.

[0028] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the second bit ordering scheme orders the bits in the first bit subset so that bits in the first bit subset that can be received via the initial transmission with a lower transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset can be associated with a higher transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset for the second transmission.

[0029] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the second bit ordering scheme reverses a bit ordering that was used for the initial transmission of the first subset.

[0030] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of bits initially transmitted may be modulated using a first modulation order, and the second set of bits second transmitted may be modulated using a second modulation order, wherein the second modulation order may be a lower modulation order than the first modulation order.

[0031] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first subset includes a flipped bit value for each bit in a subset of bits in the first subset.

[0032] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the same scrambling identifier may be used to scramble the set of bits of the initial transmission and the first subset of the second transmission.

[0033] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the second transmission includes one or more parity bits.

[0034] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the one or more parity bits so that the one or more parity bits may be associated with a higher transmission reliability than the first subset.

[0035] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the second bit ordering scheme reverses an order of bits in the first subset.

[0036] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the initially transmitted set of bits may be modulated using probability shaping modulation, the first subset of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second subset of bits of the set of bits based on the probability shaping modulation.

[0037] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the first bit subset based on transmission reliability of the bit positions for the probability shaping modulation.

[0038] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for communicating control signaling indicating the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme, or both. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system supporting a modulation-based hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback retransmission design in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0040] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0041] Figure 3 An example of a buffer diagram supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0042] Figure 4 An example of a buffer diagram supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0043] Figure 5 An example of a bit ordering scheme supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0044] Figure 6 An example of a process flow supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0045] Figure 7 and Figure 8A block diagram of a device supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0046] Fig. 9 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0047] Fig.10 A diagram of a system including a device supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0048] Fig.11 and Fig.12 A block diagram of a device supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0049] Fig.13 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0050] Fig.14 A diagram of a system including a device supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0051] Figures 15 to 17 A flow chart illustrating a method for supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In some wireless systems, a wireless device may send hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback associated with data communication. For example, in response to receiving data from a network entity, a user equipment (UE) may send HARQ acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK) feedback indicating successful receipt of data, or may send HARQ negative acknowledgment (HARQ-NACK) feedback indicating successful receipt of data. HARQ transmissions and HARQ retransmissions may include one or more parity bits so that a receiver may receive the transmission and retransmissions, and combine the transmission and retransmissions to decode the HARQ payload. Depending on the decoding technique implemented, the parity bits may be the same or different for a transmission or a retransmission.

[0053] In some cases, using parity bits for transmission and retransmission may result in greater memory cost, power consumption, or latency at the transmitting and receiving devices because the devices may store previously transmitted bits in HARQ buffers for subsequent encoding and combining. As the throughput of data communications increases, the number of bits stored by a device (e.g., in one or more HARQ buffers) may increase, thereby reducing available memory at the device and increasing computational complexity at the device.

[0054] To support mitigation of resource usage and computational complexity, a device (e.g., a UE or a network entity) may utilize a modulation-based HARQ retransmission configuration. In some cases, the modulation-based HARQ retransmission configuration may support identifying the transmission reliability (e.g., the probability of successfully receiving the bit) of each bit in a set of decoded bits from an initial HARQ transmission, and selecting a subset of bits with the lowest reliability in the initial transmission for retransmission. The device may modulate a set of bits so that a subset of bits may have enhanced transmission reliability (relative to the initial transmission) for retransmission (e.g., reverse order). For example, the device may map bits for HARQ retransmission so that a subset of bits with the lowest reliability (e.g., mapped to the least significant bit (LSB) position in the initial transmission) is mapped to the most significant bit (MSB) for retransmission. In some examples, the device may first flip the value of a subset of bits for retransmission before performing bit inversion, thereby modifying (e.g., increasing) the modulation power of low reliability bits. Additionally, to support communications over wireless channels with relatively high coding rates, the UE may prioritize parity bits from the HARQ buffer for retransmissions over bits from the initial transmission.

[0055] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communication systems. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to buffer diagrams, bit ordering schemes, and process flows. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flow diagrams related to modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission designs.

[0056] Figure 1An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an Advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating according to other systems and radio technologies (including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein).

[0057] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communication system 100 and may include devices in different forms or with different capabilities. In various examples, the network entities 105 may be referred to as network elements, mobility elements, radio access network (RAN) nodes, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, the network entities 105 and the UE 115 may communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., radio frequency (RF) access links). For example, the network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) within which the UE 115 and the network entity 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area within which the network entity 105 and the UE 115 may support signal communications according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0058] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout the coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communication with various types of devices, such as Figure 1 Communicate with other UEs 115 or network entities 105) as shown.

[0059] As described herein, a node of the wireless communication system 100 (which may be referred to as a network node or a wireless node) may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein), a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, the node may be a UE 115. As another example, the node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In other aspects of this example, the first node, the second node, and the third node may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, reference to UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, or computing system may include disclosure that UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, or computing system is a node. For example, a disclosure that UE 115 is configured to receive information from network entity 105 also discloses that the first node is configured to receive information from a second node.

[0060] In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130, or with each other, or both. For example, the network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocols). In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between the network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130) via the backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to X2, Xn, or other interface protocols). In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with each other via midhaul communication links 162 (e.g., according to a midhaul interface protocol) or fronthaul communication links 168 (e.g., according to a fronthaul interface protocol) or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication links 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., electrical links, optical fiber links), one or more wireless links (e.g., radio links, wireless optical links), and other examples or various combinations thereof. UE 115 may communicate with core network 130 via communication link 155 .

[0061] One or more of the network entities 105 described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a transceiver base station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNB), a next generation Node B, or a Gigabit Node B (any of which may be referred to as a gNB), a 5G NB, a next generation eNB (ng-eNB), a Home Node B, a Home Evolved Node B, or other suitable terminology). In some examples, the network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, stand-alone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node, such as a base station 140).

[0062] In some examples, the network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) that may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed between two or more network entities 105, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, the network entity 105 may include one or more of the following: a central unit (CU) 160, a distributed unit (DU) 165, a radio unit (RU) 170, a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 175 (e.g., a near real-time RIC (near RT RIC), a non-real-time RIC (non-RT RIC)), a service management and orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. The RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH), a remote radio unit (RRU), or a transmit receive point (TRP). One or more components of the network entity 105 in the decomposed RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entity 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more network entities 105 of the decomposed RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., virtual CU (VCU), virtual DU (VDU), virtual RU (VRU)).

[0063] The functional split between CU 160, DU 165, and RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combination thereof) are performed at CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between CU 160 and DU 165 such that CU 160 may support one or more layers of a protocol stack and DU 165 may support one or more different layers of a protocol stack. In some examples, CU 160 may host higher protocol layer (e.g., Layer 3 (L3), Layer 2 (L2)) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC), Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). The CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170, and the one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170 may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between the DU 165 and the RU 170, such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or more different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs 170). In some cases, the functional split between CU 160 and DU 165 or between DU 165 and RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions of a protocol layer may be performed by one of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170). CU 160 may be further functionally split into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 via midhaul communication links 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u), and DU 165 may be connected to one or more RUs 170 via fronthaul communication links 168 (e.g., an open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some examples, midhaul communication link 162 or fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented according to an interface (eg, a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 105 communicating via such communication links.

[0064] In some wireless communication systems (e.g., wireless communication system 100), infrastructure and spectrum resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, thereby providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to the core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as donor entities or IAB donors. One or more DUs 165 or one or more RUs 170 may be controlled in part by one or more CUs 160 associated with a donor network entity 105 (e.g., a donor base station 140). One or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may communicate with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication links 120). The IAB node 104 may include an IAB mobile terminal (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by a DU 165 of a coupled IAB donor. The IAB-MT may include a collection of independent antennas for relaying communications with the UE 115, or may share the same antenna of the IAB node 104 (e.g., of the RU 170) for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node 104 (e.g., referred to as a virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some examples, the IAB node 104 may include a DU 165 that supports communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node 104, UE 115) within a relay chain or configuration (e.g., downstream) of the access network. In such cases, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of the IAB node 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0065] In the case where the techniques described herein are applied in the context of a decomposed RAN architecture, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture may be configured to support the modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by the UE 115 or the network entity 105 (e.g., the base station 140) may additionally or alternatively be performed by one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., the IAB node 104, the DU 165, the CU 160, the RU 170, the RIC 175, the SMO 180).

[0066] UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where a "device" may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, a client, or the like. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a multimedia / entertainment device (e.g., a radio, an MP3 player, or a video device), a camera, a gaming device, a navigation / positioning device (e.g., a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) device based on, for example, GPS (Global Positioning System), BeiDou system, GLONASS or Galileo system, ground-based equipment, etc.), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a netbook, a smartbook, a personal computer, a smart device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, virtual reality goggles, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring, a smart bracelet)), a drone, a robot / robotic device, a vehicle, a vehicle's equipment, a meter (e.g., a parking meter, an electricity meter, a gas meter, a water meter), a monitor, a gas pump, an appliance (e.g., a kitchen appliance, a washing machine, a dryer), a location tag, a medical / health care device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium. In some examples, UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communication (MTC) device, etc., which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances or vehicles, meters, etc.

[0067] The UE 115 described herein may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, which may sometimes act as relays, as well as network entities 105 and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, as described herein. Figure 1 shown.

[0068] The UE 115 and the network entity 105 may wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term "carrier" may refer to a collection of RF spectrum resources having a physical layer structure defined for supporting the communication link 125. For example, a carrier for the communication link 125 may include a portion of an RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) that operates according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling for coordinating carrier operations, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communication system 100 may support communication with the UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, the UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation may be used for both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers. Communication between the network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between a device and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of the network entity 105. For example, the terms "send," "receive," or "communicate" when referring to the network entity 105 may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, CU 160, DU 165, RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105).

[0069] In some examples, such as in a carrier aggregation configuration, a carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates the operation of other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute RF Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be identified based on a channel raster for discovery by UE 115. A carrier may operate in a standalone mode, in which case initial acquisition and connection may be made by UE 115 via the carrier, or a carrier may operate in a non-standalone mode, in which case the connection is anchored using a different carrier (e.g., a different carrier of the same or different radio access technology).

[0070] The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include downlink transmissions (e.g., forward link transmissions) from the network entity 105 to the UE 115, uplink transmissions (e.g., return link transmissions) from the UE 115 to the network entity 105, or both, as well as other transmission configurations. A carrier may carry either downlink communications or uplink communications (e.g., in an FDD mode), or may be configured to carry both downlink communications and uplink communications (e.g., in a TDD mode).

[0071] A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of the RF spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as a "system bandwidth" of the carrier or wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of a set of bandwidths (e.g., 1.4 megahertz (MHz), 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, 20 MHz, 40 MHz, or 80 MHz) of a carrier of a particular radio access technology. A device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115, or both) of the wireless communication system 100 may have a hardware configuration that supports communications using a particular carrier bandwidth, or may be capable of being configured to support communications using one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include a network entity 105 or a UE 115 that supports concurrent communications using carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured to operate using a portion (e.g., a subband, a BWP) or all of a carrier bandwidth.

[0072] The signal waveform transmitted via the carrier may be composed of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to a resource of one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and the subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), so that a relatively high number of resource elements (e.g., in the transmission duration) and a relatively high order modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively high communication rate. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of RF spectrum resources, time resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers, beams), and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity used for communication with UE 115.

[0073] The time interval for the network entity 105 or the UE 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit, which may be, for example, a sampling period. seconds, of which can represent the supported subcarrier spacing, and The supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size may be indicated. Time intervals of communication resources may be organized according to radio frames, each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0074] Each frame may include a plurality of consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided into subframes (e.g., in the time domain), and each subframe may be further divided into a certain number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a certain number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix appended to the front of each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, the time slot may be further divided into a plurality of micro-time slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0075] A subframe, a time slot, a mini-time slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain), and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., the number of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 may be selected dynamically (e.g., in a burst of a shortened TTI (sTTI)).

[0076] Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. For example, physical control channels and physical data channels may be multiplexed using one or more of a time division multiplexing (TDM) technique, a frequency division multiplexing (FDM) technique, or a hybrid TDM-FDM technique to signal via a downlink carrier. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) of a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across a system bandwidth of a carrier or a subset of that system bandwidth. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more UEs in UE115 may monitor or search the control region for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. The aggregation level of a control channel candidate may refer to the amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space sets may include a common search space set configured for transmitting control information to a plurality of UEs 115 , and a UE-specific search space set for transmitting control information to a specific UE 115 .

[0077] In some examples, the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140, RUs 170) may be mobile and thus provide communication coverage for mobile coverage areas 110. In some examples, different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of network entities 105 provide coverage for various coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

[0078] The wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). The UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private or group communications and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency are used interchangeably herein.

[0079] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communication directly with other UEs 115 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., according to a peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocol). In some examples, one or more UEs 115 in a group that are performing D2D communication may be within a coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a RU 170), which may support aspects of such D2D communication configured (e.g., scheduled) by the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 in such a group may be outside of the coverage area 110 of the network entity 105, or may otherwise be unable or not configured to receive transmissions from the network entity 105. In some examples, a group of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication may support a one-to-many (1:M) system, in which each UE 115 transmits to each of the other UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, network entity 105 may facilitate scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be performed between UEs 115 without involving network entity 105.

[0080] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) for managing access and mobility and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)) for routing packets or interconnecting to an external network. The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management of UEs 115 served by network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be delivered through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to the IP services 150 of one or more network operators. IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0081] The wireless communication system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands that may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). In general, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is referred to as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelength range is about one decimeter to one meter. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features (which may be referred to as clusters), but these waves may be sufficient to penetrate structures so that macro cells provide service to UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) than communications using the lower frequencies and longer wavelengths of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0082] The wireless communication system 100 may also operate using a super high frequency (SHF) region, which may be in the range of 3 GHz to 30 GHz (also known as the centimeter band), or an extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz) (also known as the millimeter band). In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support millimeter wave (mmW) communications between the UE 115 and the network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170), and the EHF antennas of the corresponding devices may be smaller and closer together than UHF antennas. In some examples, such techniques may facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the device. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions may be affected by even greater attenuation and shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions. The techniques disclosed herein may be employed across transmissions using one or more different frequency regions, and the use of frequency bands specified across these frequency regions may vary by country or regulatory agency.

[0083] The wireless communication system 100 can utilize licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 can use unlicensed bands (such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band) to employ License Assisted Access (LAA), LTE Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology. When operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as network entity 105 and UE 115 can employ carrier sensing for conflict detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations performed using unlicensed bands can be based on carrier aggregation configuration (e.g., LAA) in conjunction with component carriers operating using licensed bands. Operations performed using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among others.

[0084] The network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which can be used to employ technologies such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of the network entity 105 or UE 115 may be located in one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly (such as an antenna tower). In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with the network entity 105 may be located at different geographical locations. The network entity 105 may include an antenna array having a set of antenna ports of multiple rows and columns that the network entity 105 can use to support beamforming for communications with the UE 115. Similarly, the UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support RF beamforming for signals sent via the antenna ports.

[0085] Beamforming (which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that may be used at a sender device or a receiver device (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the sender device and the receiver device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array so that some signals propagating in a particular direction relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to signals communicated via antenna elements may include the sender device or the receiver device applying an amplitude offset, a phase offset, or both to signals carried via antenna elements associated with the device. Adjustments associated with each of these antenna elements may be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a particular direction (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the sender device or the receiver device or relative to some other direction).

[0086] The wireless communication system 100 may be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, the communication at the bearer or PDCP layer may be IP-based. The RLC layer may perform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate via logical channels. The MAC layer may perform priority processing and multiplexing of logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer may also implement error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmission to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the RRC layer may provide the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection that supports a radio bearer for user plane data between the UE 115 and the network entity 105 or the core network 130. The PHY layer may map a transport channel to a physical channel.

[0087] UE 115 and network entity 105 may support retransmission of data to increase the likelihood that the data is successfully received. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback is a technique for increasing the likelihood of correctly receiving data via a communication link (e.g., communication link 125, D2D communication link 135). HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ)). HARQ may improve throughput at the MAC layer under poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise ratio conditions). In some examples, a device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, in which case the device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific time slot for data received via a previous symbol in the time slot. In some other examples, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent time slot or based on some other time interval.

[0088] In some examples of the wireless communication system 100, a wireless transmitter (e.g., UE 115) may send HARQ transmissions and HARQ retransmissions via a wireless channel according to a decoding rate of the wireless channel. For example, UE 115 may employ a HARQ design that supports a rate-compatible channel code (such as a Turbo code or a low-density parity check (LDPC) code). That is, the HARQ transmission may include one or more parity bits so that the decoding rate (e.g., the ratio between the number of relevant information bits and the number of total received bits) for the HARQ transmission is compatible with the decoding rate of the wireless channel for the HARQ transmission. In some examples, a retransmission of HARQ feedback (e.g., a subsequent HARQ transmission corresponding to a retransmission of an associated data payload) may include the same set of information bits and parity bits, such as in a chase combined HARQ (CC-HARQ) configuration. In some other examples, retransmissions of HARQ feedback may include different sets of parity bits for the same set of information bits, such as in incremental redundancy HARQ (IR-HARQ), which may provide relatively higher performance (e.g., compared to CC-HARQ), decoding gain, or both for HARQ communications.

[0089] In some cases, using an IR-HARQ design may result in greater memory costs, power consumption, latency, or any combination thereof at the receiving device. For example, to communicate HARQ feedback according to the IR-HARQ configuration, the UE 115 may store one or more sets of bits in one or more configured data buffers (e.g., HARQ buffers). The UE 115 may maintain a first HARQ buffer including coded bits corresponding to received data transmissions, and may maintain a second HARQ buffer including a log-likelihood ratio (LLR) for each coded bit (e.g., a bit stored in the first HARQ buffer). In some examples, the UE 115 may continue to store the coded bits and corresponding LLRs for subsequent data reception. Therefore, the throughput of data communication may be associated with (e.g., proportional to) the memory cost of the UE 115 for maintaining the HARQ buffer.

[0090] Additionally or alternatively, the UE 115 may combine the HARQ bits for a current transmission with the HARQ bits for one or more previous transmissions, which may reduce the effective decoding rate of the HARQ transmission (e.g., due to an increased number of parity bits for the same number of information bits). In some such examples (e.g., when the UE 115 utilizes an LDPC code), the UE 115 may decode retransmissions of the transport block according to the reduced effective decoding rate. In some cases, decoding data according to the reduced effective decoding rate may increase decoding complexity of the data (e.g., compared to decoding the data according to a higher decoding rate), which may increase power consumption, latency, or both associated with the HARQ transmission (e.g., retransmission).

[0091] In some examples, such as when UE 115 operates according to a strict throughput threshold (e.g., 1 Tbps), the adverse effects associated with the use of an IR-HARQ design (e.g., memory cost, power cost, latency) may result in significant degradation of communications. Therefore, a HARQ design that operates independently of the channel coding rate may support increased data throughput.

[0092] In some techniques as discussed herein, a device (e.g., UE 115 or network entity 105) may utilize a modulation-based HARQ retransmission configuration. In some cases, the modulation-based HARQ retransmission configuration may support identifying a transmission reliability (e.g., the likelihood of successfully receiving the bit) for each bit in a set of decoded bits from an initial HARQ transmission, and selecting a subset of bits in the initial transmission with the lowest reliability for retransmission. The device may modulate the set of bits so that the subset of bits may have an enhanced transmission reliability (relative to the initial transmission) for retransmission (e.g., reverse ordering). Additionally, to support communication via a wireless channel with a relatively high decoding rate, the UE may prioritize parity bits from a HARQ buffer over bits from the initial transmission for retransmission.

[0093] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system 200 that supports a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may include one or more aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 200 may include a UE 115-a and a network entity 105-a, which may be as described in reference Figure 1The wireless communication system 200 may be an example of communication 205 between the UE 115-a and the network entity 105-a (e.g., via an uplink communication link, a downlink communication link, or both). In performing the communication 205, a sending device (e.g., the UE 115-a or the network entity 105-a) may send a set of bits corresponding to a data payload (e.g., a HARQ payload).

[0094] In some examples of the wireless communication system 200, such as when communication 205 is performed according to a coding-based HARQ design, a transmitting device (e.g., network entity 105-a) may encode a transmit block (TB) to be sent to a receiving device (e.g., UE 115-a). The transmitting device may generate a number of coded bits corresponding to the size of the TB (e.g., size K) and the coding rate used for the transmission. For example, the transmitting device may generate 3K bits for a coding rate of 1 / 3 (e.g., 1 information bit is generated for every 3 coded bits, based on the coding rate). Figure 1 (BG1) rate), generating 5K bits for a decoding rate of 1 / 5 (e.g., generating 1 information bit for every 5 decoded bits, based on Figure 2 (BG2) rate), and so on. In some examples, the transmitting device may store the decoded bits in a circular buffer and may select a subset of bits from the circular buffer for one or more HARQ communications (e.g., transmissions and retransmissions). The transmitting device may select the subset of bits based on an instantaneous decoding rate for the transmission (e.g., a relatively high decoding rate), a redundant version of the buffer (e.g., indicating the beginning of the subset of bits), or both.

[0095] In some such examples, a receiving device (e.g., UE 115-a) may maintain a circular buffer similar to the circular buffer of the sending device to support communication 205. For example, the receiving device may store a set of LLRs corresponding to each coded bit of a received TB in the circular buffer. In some cases, an LLR in the set of LLRs may include multiple bits, and thus the number of bits stored in the buffer for a received TB may be associated with the size of the LLR (e.g., X bits), the decoding rate (e.g., a BG1 rate for supporting relatively large TB sizes), the maximum TB size of the network, or any combination thereof. Therefore, due to the increased throughput, the sending device and the receiving device may experience significant memory usage (e.g., in response to doubling the supported throughput, the memory usage is also doubled).

[0096] Additionally, the complexity associated with decoding a transmitted block may be related to the decoding rate used for the transmission. In some cases, a receiving device may (e.g., based on a decoding-based design) use an increased number of parity bits due to HARQ combining to decode the same TB, which may increase the computational complexity associated with decoding the TB. For example, a receiving device may decode an initial transmission of a TB using a first number of information bits and a first number of parity bits, and may decode a retransmission of the TB using the first number of information bits and a second (e.g., larger) number of parity bits, thereby reducing the effective decoding rate for decoding the TB. In such examples, such as when the TB is encoded according to a relatively high modulation and coding scheme (MCS) order, decoding the retransmission may be much more complex than decoding the initial transmission (e.g., doubling the computational complexity).

[0097] In some cases, a wireless device (e.g., UE 115-a and network entity 105-a) may determine the transmission reliability of one or more bits in the set of decoded bits. For example, the sender device may identify a reliability graph 210, which may include the probability (e.g., entropy) of the bit being successfully received relative to the condition (e.g., SNR) of the wireless channel when being demodulated by the receiver device. The reliability graph 210 may correspond to a set of bits mapped to the same modulation symbol (e.g., according to a high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) scheme), so that each bit in the set of bits corresponds to a corresponding transmission reliability. For example, a set of bits encoded according to a 256QAM scheme may include eight bits per modulation symbol. That is, a 256QAM modulation may include two 16 pulse amplitude modulations (PAMs), which may include four bits per modulation symbol. In such a symbol (e.g., a 16PAM symbol), each bit in the set of bits may be associated with each of the transmission reliabilities of transmission 215, transmission reliability 220, transmission reliability 225, and transmission reliability 230. In some cases, the reliability of a bit may be associated with the conditional entropy of the bit (e.g., conditioned on the received signal associated with the bit). For example, transmit reliability 215 may represent the highest reliability (e.g., lowest conditional entropy), transmit reliability 220 may represent the second highest reliability, transmit reliability 225 may represent the third highest reliability, and transmit reliability 230 may represent the fourth highest reliability (e.g., highest conditional entropy). In such cases, the sender device may send the bits so that the reliability of the bit is associated with the validity of the bit (e.g., the MSB has a higher reliability than the LSB). In other words, the sender device may send reliability 215 to send the leftmost bit (e.g., the MSB) of a set of bits, and may send reliability 230 to send the rightmost bit (e.g., the LSB) of a set of bits.

[0098] In order to support high throughput communications with relatively high modulation orders, the wireless device may utilize a modulation-based HARQ design. In some examples, a transmitter device operating according to a modulation-based HARQ design may determine a bit ordering scheme for retransmission of a HARQ payload. In one example, the transmitter device may select a subset of decoded bits from an initial transmission to include in a retransmission of the HARQ payload. In some cases, the transmitter device may select a subset of bits based on identifying the bit with the lowest reliability in the initial transmission (e.g., as illustrated in reliability chart 210). For example, the transmitter device may identify an initial transmission for a first set of bits (e.g., B0, B1, B2, and B3) and an initial transmission for a second set of bits (e.g., B4, B5, B6, and B7), which are ordered using a first bit ordering scheme. In such a case, the transmitting device may identify a first subset of bits (e.g., B2 and B3) including low reliability bits from a first set of bits and a second subset of bits (e.g., B6 and B7) including low reliability bits from a second set of bits, and the low transmission reliability may be based on the first bit ordering scheme used to modulate the bits of the initial transmission. The transmitting device may then modulate the first subset of bits and the second subset of bits using a bit ordering (e.g., a second bit ordering scheme) that is opposite to the modulation constellation. That is, the transmitting device may modulate the bits so that the LSB (or the bit with the lowest reliability) from the initial transmission is instead mapped to a bit position (e.g., MSB) with a higher reliability (e.g., including retransmissions of B3, B7, B2, and B6 in order of reliability). Additionally or alternatively, the transmitting device may transmit the retransmission according to a first modulation order that is different from (e.g., less than) the second modulation order used for the initial transmission. In such a case, the retransmitted modulation symbol may include a smaller number of bits, such as two bits. Thus, a first subset of bits (e.g., B2 and B3) is modulated into a first modulation symbol and a second subset of bits (e.g., B6 and B7) is modulated into a second modulation symbol, wherein both the first subset and the second subset are modulated using a modulation order (e.g., 4PAM) that is less than the first modulation order used for the initial transmission.

[0099] In some examples, the transmission reliability of a bit (e.g., as graphed by reliability graph 210) may be associated with a probability shaping function. In a probability shaped system, the reliability of a set of positions on a QAM constellation may deviate from a uniform distribution (e.g., sorted by bit significance). In one example, the corresponding reliability of each bit in the set of bits may be measured by the conditional entropy of each bit in the set of bits, which conditional entropy may include the condition of the received signal of the bit. Additionally or alternatively, the reliability of the bit may be determined based on one or more parameters associated with the probability shaping function (e.g., rather than the significance of each bit). Such parameters may include a modulation order, a scaling parameter associated with probability shaping, a probability distribution associated with a probability shaping function (e.g., a probability corresponding to a constellation point of the QAM), or any combination thereof. For example, a probability shaped QAM constellation may be configured such that the second MSB (e.g., the second leftmost bit of the set of bits) of an initial transmission with Gray mapping (e.g., a 256QAM transmission-16 pulse amplitude modulation (PAM)) corresponds to the highest bit reliability. In such an example, a retransmission (e.g., a 64QAM transmission) may select the MSB (e.g., the second bit), the second LSB, and the LSB for retransmission, and may map the selected bits to the LSB, the second LSB, and the MSB for retransmission (e.g., based on the transmission reliability of the 64QAM probability shaped constellation). Thus, if the bit ordering of the initial transmission is [B1, B2, B3, B4], the retransmission (e.g., 64QAM) may have a bit ordering of [B3, B4, B1]. Furthermore, the transmitting device may determine the bit reliability independently of the channel quality (e.g., because the reliability ordering is independent of the channel SNR).

[0100] In some cases, the sender device may send an indication to the receiver device to provide information associated with the bit modulation technique. For example, the sender device may indicate a subset of bits for retransmission, an order of bits (reverse bit ordering, normal ordering, etc.), one or more bits to be flipped (e.g., reversed values), or any combination thereof. In some examples, such as when multiple retransmissions are scheduled, the wireless device may have different configurations for each transmission configuration, such as bits to be retransmitted, bit ordering (e.g., reverse bit ordering or current bit ordering), bits to be flipped, or any combination thereof. Additionally or alternatively, the bit flipping configuration may be indicated relative to the bits included in the initial transmission, or may be determined relative to the bits included in the previous transmission (e.g., the most recent transmission). The receiver device (e.g., UE) may be configured with these configurations for transmission and retransmission using control signaling (e.g., radio resource control signaling, medium access control layer control element (MAC-CE) signaling, control information signaling (e.g., downlink control information), or any combination thereof).

[0101] Thus, using these techniques, wireless devices (e.g., UE 115-a and network entity 105-a) of wireless communication system 200 can support improved transmission reliability based on a modulation-based HARQ design that prioritizes low reliability bits from an initial transmission to a high reliability position for retransmission or a second transmission. Additional techniques described herein, such as bit value flipping and hybrid designs, also support improved reliability and reduced computational complexity at wireless devices of wireless communication system 200.

[0102] Figure 3 An example of a buffer diagram 300 supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The buffer diagram 300 may be implemented by one or more aspects of the wireless communication system 200 and the wireless communication system 100. For example, the buffer diagram 300 may include a decoding-based HARQ buffer 305 (e.g., a data buffer) that may be maintained by a wireless device (e.g., a UE 115-a or a network entity 105-a) operating according to the decoding-based HARQ design, as described in reference to FIG. Figure 2 Additionally, the buffer diagram may include a modulation-based HARQ buffer 320 (eg, a data buffer) that may be maintained by a wireless device operating according to a modulation-based HARQ design, as described with reference to Figure 2 described.

[0103] In some examples, the decoding-based HARQ buffer 305 may include a certain number of bits stored after an initial transmission 310 and a retransmission 315 of a transmitted block. For example, the initial transmission 310 may cause the decoding-based HARQ buffer 305 to store an integer number of bytes (e.g., 8N bits), and the retransmission 315 may cause the decoding-based HARQ buffer 305 to store an additional number of bits (e.g., bits B). 8N+1 To B 16N When a wireless device (e.g., operating according to a decoding-based HARQ design) receives a subsequent retransmission, the certain number of bits stored in the decoding-based HARQ buffer 305 may incur a significant memory cost at the wireless device and reduce the effective decoding rate for the retransmission (e.g., increase computational complexity).

[0104] To support reducing memory usage associated with maintaining a data buffer, the wireless device may maintain a modulation-based HARQ buffer 320 (e.g., operating in accordance with a modulation-based HARQ design). In some examples, the wireless device may store a number of bits (e.g., bits B1 to B2) corresponding to an initial transmission 325 of a HARQ payload.8N ), which are modulated according to the first bit ordering scheme for initial transmission. In some cases, the wireless device may use a reference Figure 2 The described techniques determine a subset of one or more bits to modulate. For example, the wireless device may identify a portion of the bits of the initial transmission associated with low reliability (e.g., bits B5, B6, B7, B8) to include in a retransmission. The retransmission may include one or more bit subsets 330 (e.g., bit subset 330-a, bit subset 330-b, and bit subset 330-c), and the wireless device may reduce memory usage by not storing additional bits in the modulation-based HARQ buffer 320. In one example, the wireless device may use bits b1...b according to 256QAM modulation. 8n For retransmission, the wireless device may select one or more initial transmissions (e.g., b5, b8, b 13 ……b 16 and b 8n-3 ……b 8N ), and one or more bit subsets 330 may be interleaved to perform retransmission according to 16QAM modulation. As described herein, the bit ordering may be reversed so that bits mapped to the LSB of the initial transmission are mapped to the MSB of the retransmission. That is, the second bit ordering scheme for the second transmission (e.g., retransmission) may reverse the validity (based on transmission reliability) of at least a subset of the bits of the initial transmission. In some examples, for the retransmission, a portion of the bits may be modified (e.g., reversed or reordered) compared to the initial transmission, which may support improved performance at the time of retransmission. The transmission reliability of the bits of the initial transmission and the retransmission may depend on the respective modulation orders used for the initial transmission and the retransmission.

[0105] Figure 4 An example of a buffer diagram 400 supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the buffer diagram 400 may illustrate a hybrid buffer 405, which may be an example of a buffer maintained by a wireless device implementing aspects of both a decoding-based HARQ design and a modulation-based HARQ design. The hybrid buffer 405 may include bits associated with an initial transmission 410 and a retransmission 415, which may include data bits (e.g., feedback bits) and parity bits.

[0106] In some examples, the wireless device may implement a hybrid design (e.g., including aspects of a decoding-based HARQ design and a modulation-based HARQ design) for maintaining a hybrid buffer 405 (e.g., a HARQ buffer). For example, the wireless device may first send a datagram including bits B1 to B NInitial transmission 410. At a relatively high decoding rate for the initial transmission, the wireless device may preferentially resend additional parity bits (eg, such as in IR-HARQ), and the parity bits may include bits B1′ to B K '. Therefore, the wireless device may select a parity bit (eg, bits B1' to B K ') are used for retransmission until a decoding rate threshold for retransmission is met (e.g., a decoding rate of 3 / 4). In some cases, the decoding rate threshold may be a minimum decoding rate threshold associated with limited buffer rate matching (LBRM). For example, a decoding-based HARQ design may be associated with a first LBRM minimum decoding rate threshold (e.g., limiting the rate to 2 / 3), and a hybrid HARQ design may have a second LBRM minimum decoding rate threshold that is higher than the first LBRM threshold (e.g., limiting the rate to 3 / 4) to support a smaller buffer size relative to using only a decoding-based HARQ design. Thus, the wireless device may configure the HARQ buffer size based on determining the minimum decoding rate threshold according to the LBRM configuration for the hybrid design. In some examples, after selecting new parity bits until the decoding rate threshold is met, the wireless device may select a subset of bits from the initial transmission to include in the retransmission (e.g., bits B K+1 'To B N '). Wireless devices can use reference Figure 2 The described technique determines a subset of bits based on the reliability of the bits.

[0107] After selecting a set of bits (eg, parity bits and low reliability bits) for retransmission, the wireless device may send the selected new parity bits (eg, bits B1′ to B K ') to the constellation position with the highest transmission reliability (e.g., due to the lack of information to form these new parity bits for the initial transmission). The wireless device may then map the low reliability bits (e.g., the previously mapped LSBs in the initial transmission) for retransmission. In such a configuration, the network entity 105 may maintain a hybrid buffer 405, the size of which may be associated with the maximum TB size and minimum coding rate threshold for the hybrid design (e.g., LBRM threshold). That is, the maximum TB size K MAX and LBRM decoding rate threshold R' LBRM May correspond to the size of the mixing buffer 405 Additionally or alternatively, the wireless device may reverse the ordering of the low reliability bits (eg, included in the initial transmission) (eg, using a second bit ordering scheme) and may send the retransmission according to a lower modulation order than the initial transmission.

[0108] Figure 5An example of a bit ordering scheme 500 supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the bit ordering scheme 500 can be implemented by one or more aspects of the wireless communication system 200 and the wireless communication system 100. For example, the bit ordering scheme 500 can be implemented by a wireless device (e.g., UE 115-a or network entity 105-a) communicating according to a modulation-based HARQ design, as described in reference to Figure 2 The bit ordering scheme 500 may include a bit ordering map 505-a, a bit ordering map 505-b, and a bit ordering map 505-c, which may be examples of bit ordering after performing a bit modulation technique after determining low reliability bits.

[0109] In some cases, the wireless device may perform bit inversion to map a set of bits associated with a modulation symbol for retransmission of a data payload. Such techniques may support mapping low reliability bits from an initial transmission to bits with higher reliability for retransmission. However, some bit orderings may result in a slight change in the modulation power of a set of bits after performing the bit inversion. For example, as part of operation 510, the wireless device may invert a set of bits (e.g., bits "0000"), which may result in the same ordering of the bits despite the bit inversion.

[0110] To support increased modulation power for such a set of bits, in addition to bit reversal, the wireless device may also flip the values ​​of a subset of the set of bits. For example, as part of the operation at 515, the wireless device may perform bit reversal on the set of bits (e.g., "1111") at 515-a, and may then flip the values ​​of a subset of the set of bits (e.g., the first and third bits) to support increased modulation power (e.g., "0101" including different mappings) at 515-b. In another example, the wireless device may first flip the values ​​of a different subset of the set of bits (e.g., the second and fourth bits) before inverting the set of bits. For example, as part of the operation at 520, the wireless device may flip a subset of the set of bits (e.g., flip "1011" to "1110"), and may then reverse the ordering of the bits (e.g., flip "1110" to "0111").

[0111] In some examples, the bit value flipping technique may be performed after selecting the bits to be included in the second transmission (eg, the retransmission). Figure 2 and Figure 3As described, the wireless device may select LSBs from one or more initial transmissions for retransmission, sort the bits in reverse order of significance (e.g., in terms of transmission reliability), and then flip the bit values ​​in a subset of the sorted bits. The set of these bits may then be mapped to a modulation order / constellation for transmission (e.g., a second transmission). The bit flipping technique may also be applicable when the wireless device selects parity bits for the second transmission and / or prioritizes the parity bits. In such a case, the UE selects parity bits from a data buffer, selects the LSBs of the initial transmission, sorts the bits according to a second sorting scheme, and flips a subset of the bits. The bits may then be mapped to a modulation order / constellation for transmission (e.g., a second transmission). As described with respect to Figure 3 As described, the second ordering scheme may prioritize (in terms of transmission reliability) the parity bits for the second transmission.

[0112] In some wireless communication systems, bits may be scrambled before being passed to a modulator or modulation component. Where a subset of bit values ​​are flipped for a second transmission or retransmission, the wireless device may use the same scrambling identifier for both the initial transmission and the retransmission to scramble the bits to generate a corresponding scrambling sequence.

[0113] Figure 6 An example of a process flow 600 for supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The process flow 600 includes a wireless device 650 and a wireless device 660, which may be examples of a UE 115, a network entity 105, or both, as described with respect to Figure 1 and Figure 2 105. For example, wireless device 605 may be an example of UE 115, and wireless device 660 may be an example of network entity 105. In another example, wireless device 650 is network entity 105, and wireless device 660 is UE 115. In some examples, both wireless device 650 and wireless device 660 are examples of UE 115. In the following description of process flow 600, operations between wireless device 650 and wireless device 660 may be sent in an order different from the example order shown, or the operations may be performed in a different order or at a different time. Some operations may also be omitted from process flow 600, and other operations may be added to process flow 600.

[0114] At 605, wireless device 650 and wireless device 660 may communicate control signaling indicating a first bit ordering scheme, a second bit ordering scheme, or both used by wireless devices 650 and 660 to communicate data payloads. In some examples, the control signaling may indicate one or more bit positions to be flipped for retransmission, a modulation and ordering scheme to be used for initial transmission and retransmission, a priority ordering rule for prioritizing parity bits over retransmitted bits, a coding rate threshold, or a combination thereof. To communicate the control signaling, wireless device 660 may send the control signaling and wireless device 650 may receive the control signaling. Additionally or alternatively, wireless device 650 may send the control signaling and wireless device 660 may receive the control signaling.

[0115] At 610, the wireless device 650 may transmit an initial transmission associated with a data payload. The initial transmission may include a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, and a first bit subset of the set of bits may be associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The data payload may be a HARQ payload or a feedback payload. The HARQ payload may include feedback bits and / or parity bits. The bits may be selected from a buffer such as a HARQ buffer. The initial transmission may be modulated using a first modulation and coding scheme. In some examples, the first modulation and coding scheme is a probability shaping modulation. The first bit subset associated with a lower transmission reliability than the second bit subset of the set of bits may be based on a probability shaping modulation.

[0116] At 615, the wireless device 660 may attempt to decode the initial transmission according to the first bit ordering scheme and / or the first modulation order.

[0117] At 620, the wireless device 650 can determine the bit transmission reliability of the initial transmission. For example, the wireless device 650 can determine the conditional entropy of the bits based on the modulation order used for the initial transmission.

[0118] At 625, the wireless device 650 may select bits for a second transmission (e.g., a retransmission) associated with the data payload. For example, the wireless device 650 may select a first subset of bits of the initial transmission for the second transmission based on the determined transmission reliability. That is, the wireless device 650 may select the first subset of bits because the bits in the first subset of bits have a low transmission reliability relative to other bits of the initial transmission. The wireless device 650 may also select parity bits from a data buffer (e.g., a HARQ buffer) associated with the data payload. The parity bits may be selected until a decoding rate threshold is met. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless device 650 may select bits from other initial transmissions to include in the second transmission based on the transmission reliability of the bits of the other initial transmissions.

[0119] At 630, the wireless device 650 may apply a second bit ordering scheme that changes the order of bits in the second transmission relative to the initial transmission. For example, the wireless device 650 may apply a second bit ordering scheme that orders the bits in the first bit subset so that the bits in the first bit subset transmitted via the initial transmission with a lower transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset are associated with a higher transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset for the second transmission. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless device 650 may apply a second bit ordering scheme that reverses the bit ordering that was used for the initial transmission of the first bit subset. In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme may prioritize parity bits based on the transmission reliability of the second transmission.

[0120] At 635, the wireless device 650 may flip the bit value of each bit in the subset of bits in the first subset. For example, a subset of data bits for the second transmission (e.g., the first and third bits or the second and fourth bits) may be flipped. Flipping the value may include changing a "0" to a "1" or changing a "1" to a "0".

[0121] At 640, the wireless device 650 may modulate at least the first subset of bits using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme. The second bit ordering scheme may be associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first subset of bits. In some examples, modulating the first subset of bits may include mapping the bits (e.g., the first subset of bits, or the first subset of bits and selected other bits) to a modulation order to generate a modulated set of bits. The modulation order may be a modulation order lower than the modulation order used for the initial transmission. In some examples, the second modulation order used for the second transmission is a probability shaping modulation. The second bit ordering scheme may be based on the probability shaping modulation.

[0122] At 645, the wireless device 650 may transmit a second transmission associated with the data payload, and the second transmission may include a modulated set of bits.

[0123] At 655, the wireless device 650 may decode the second transmission according to the second bit ordering scheme. In some examples, the wireless device 650 may decode the second transmission based on the flipped bit values ​​for the second transmission.

[0124] Figure 7A block diagram 700 of a device 705 supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 705 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. The device 705 may include a receiver 710, a transmitter 715, and a communication manager 720. The device 705 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0125] The receiver 710 may provide means for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission designs). The information may be passed to other components of the device 705. The receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0126] The transmitter 715 may provide means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 705. For example, the transmitter 715 may transmit information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission designs) (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof). In some examples, the transmitter 715 may be co-located with the receiver 710 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 715 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0127] The communication manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design as described herein. For example, the communication manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may support methods for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0128] In some examples, the communication manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communication management circuit). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting components for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, the processor and a memory coupled to the processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by executing instructions stored in the memory by the processor).

[0129] Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the communication manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by a processor (e.g., as communication management software). If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functionality of the communication manager 720, the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general purpose processor (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting means for performing the functionality described in the present disclosure), a DSP, a CPU, a GPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices.

[0130] In some examples, the communication manager 720 can be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, send) using or otherwise cooperating with the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or both. For example, the communication manager 720 can receive information from the receiver 710, transmit information to the transmitter 715, or integrate with the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0131] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 720 may support wireless communications at a wireless device. For example, the communication manager 720 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for transmitting an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The communication manager 720 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for modulating the first bit subset using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset. The communication manager 720 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for transmitting a second transmission associated with the data payload comprising the modulated set of bits.

[0132] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 720 may support wireless communications at the wireless device according to examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 720 may be configured as or otherwise support means for receiving an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The communication manager 720 may be configured as or otherwise support means for receiving a second transmission associated with the data payload, the second transmission comprising a second set of bits modulated using a second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme and producing a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset.

[0133] By including or configuring the communication manager 720 according to examples as described herein, the device 705 (e.g., a processor controlling or otherwise coupled to the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, the communication manager 720, or a combination thereof) can support techniques for improving memory usage (e.g., buffer memory) because data bits or feedback bits are sent in a manner that improves the reliability of retransmissions, thereby reducing the likelihood of failed or undecodable transmissions. These techniques support higher throughput by more efficiently using buffers that can be implemented in the memory of the device.

[0134] Figure 8 A block diagram 800 of a device 805 supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 805 may be an example of aspects of the device 705 or UE 115 as described herein. The device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communication manager 820. The device 805 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0135] The receiver 810 may provide means for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission designs). The information may be passed to other components of the device 805. The receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0136] The transmitter 815 may provide means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 805. For example, the transmitter 815 may transmit information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission designs) (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof). In some examples, the transmitter 815 may be co-located with the receiver 810 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 815 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0137] The device 805 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of the modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design as described herein. For example, the communication manager 820 may include an initial transmission component 825, a bit modulation component 830, a retransmission component 835, an initial transmission receiving component 840, a retransmission receiving component 845, or any combination thereof. The communication manager 820 may be an example of various aspects of the communication manager 720 as described herein. In some examples, the communication manager 820 or its various components may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, send). For example, the communication manager 820 may receive information from the receiver 810, transmit information to the transmitter 815, or be integrated with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0138] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 820 can support wireless communications at a wireless device. An initial transmission component 825 can be configured as or otherwise support means for transmitting an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. A bit modulation component 830 can be configured as or otherwise support means for modulating the first bit subset using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset. A retransmission component 835 can be configured as or otherwise support means for transmitting a second transmission associated with the data payload comprising the modulated set of bits.

[0139] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 820 may support wireless communications at the wireless device according to examples as disclosed herein. The initial transmission receiving component 840 may be configured as or otherwise support means for receiving an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The retransmission receiving component 845 may be configured as or otherwise support means for receiving a second transmission associated with the data payload, the second transmission comprising a second set of bits modulated using a second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme and producing a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset.

[0140] Fig. 9 A block diagram 900 of a communication manager 920 supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The communication manager 920 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 720, the communication manager 820, or both as described herein. The communication manager 920 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of the modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design as described herein. For example, the communication manager 920 may include an initial transmission component 925, a bit modulation component 930, a retransmission component 935, an initial transmission reception component 940, a retransmission reception component 945, a reliability identification component 950, a bit selection component 955, a bit flip component 960, a control communication component 965, a modulation identification component 970, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0141] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 920 can support wireless communications at a wireless device. An initial transmission component 925 can be configured as or otherwise support means for transmitting an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. A bit modulation component 930 can be configured as or otherwise support means for modulating the first bit subset using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset. A retransmission component 935 can be configured as or otherwise support means for transmitting a second transmission associated with the data payload comprising the modulated set of bits.

[0142] In some examples, to support modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, the bit modulation component 930 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, which orders the bits in the first bit subset so that the bits in the first bit subset sent with a lower transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset via the initial transmission are associated with a higher transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset for the second transmission.

[0143] In some examples, to support modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, the bit modulation component 930 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme that reverses the bit ordering used for the initial transmission of the first bit subset.

[0144] In some examples, the set of bits of the initial transmission is modulated using a first modulation order. In some examples, the modulated set of bits of the second transmission is modulated using a second modulation order, wherein the second modulation order is a lower modulation order than the first modulation order.

[0145] In some examples, to support modulation of the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, the reliability identification component 950 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for determining a conditional entropy corresponding to a modulation order for modulating the set of bits for the initial transmission. In some examples, to support modulation of the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, the bit selection component 955 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for selecting the first bit subset for the second transmission based on the first bit subset having a higher conditional entropy than the second bit subset. In some examples, to support modulation of the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, the bit modulation component 930 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for modulating the selected first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme.

[0146] In some examples, the bit flipping component 960 can be configured as or otherwise supports means for flipping the bit value of each bit in the subset of bits in the first bit subset. In some examples, the bit modulation component 930 can be configured as or otherwise supports means for mapping the first bit subset including the flipped bit values ​​to a modulation order to generate the modulated bit set.

[0147] In some examples, the set of bits of the initial transmission and the first bit subset of the second transmission are scrambled using the same scrambling identifier.

[0148] In some examples, bit selection component 955 can be configured as or otherwise support means for selecting one or more parity bits from a data buffer associated with the data payload to include in the second transmission.

[0149] In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the one or more parity bits such that the one or more parity bits are associated with a higher transmission reliability than the first subset of bits.

[0150] In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme reverses the order of the bits in the first subset.

[0151] In some examples, to support selecting the one or more parity bits, bit selection component 955 can be configured as or otherwise support means for selecting the one or more parity bits until a decoding rate threshold for the second transmission is met.

[0152] In some examples, the set of initially transmitted bits is modulated using probability shaping modulation, the first subset of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second subset of bits of the set of bits modulated based on the probability shaping modulation.

[0153] In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the first bit subset based on transmission reliability of the bit positions for the probability shaping modulation.

[0154] In some examples, control communication component 965 can be configured as or otherwise support means for communicating control signaling indicating the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme, or both.

[0155] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 920 may support wireless communications at the wireless device according to examples as disclosed herein. The initial transmission receiving component 940 may be configured as or otherwise support means for receiving an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The retransmission receiving component 945 may be configured as or otherwise support means for receiving a second transmission associated with the data payload, the second transmission comprising a second set of bits modulated using a second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme and producing a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset.

[0156] In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme orders the bits in the first bit subset so that bits in the first bit subset received via the initial transmission with a lower transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset are associated with a higher transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset for the second transmission.

[0157] In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme reverses the bit ordering used for the initial transmission of the first subset of bits.

[0158] In some examples, the set of bits of the initial transmission is modulated using a first modulation order. In some examples, the second set of bits of the second transmission is modulated using a second modulation order, wherein the second modulation order is a lower modulation order than the first modulation order.

[0159] In some examples, the first bit subset includes the flipped bit value of each bit in a subset of bits in the first bit subset.

[0160] In some examples, the set of bits of the initial transmission and the first bit subset of the second transmission are scrambled using the same scrambling identifier.

[0161] In some examples, the second transmission includes one or more parity bits.

[0162] In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the one or more parity bits such that the one or more parity bits are associated with a higher transmission reliability than the first subset of bits.

[0163] In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme reverses the order of the bits in the first subset.

[0164] In some examples, the set of initially transmitted bits is modulated using probability shaping modulation, the first subset of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second subset of bits of the set of bits modulated based on the probability shaping modulation.

[0165] In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the first bit subset based on transmission reliability of the bit positions for the probability shaping modulation.

[0166] In some examples, control communication component 965 can be configured as or otherwise support means for communicating control signaling indicating the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme, or both.

[0167] Fig.10A diagram of a system 1000 including a device 1005 supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1005 may be an example of a device 705, a device 805, or a UE 115 as described herein, or include components of these devices or UEs. The device 1005 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof. The device 1005 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for sending and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 1020, an input / output (I / O) controller 1010, a transceiver 1015, an antenna 1025, a memory 1030, a code 1035, and a processor 1040. These components may be electronically communicated or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1045).

[0168] I / O controller 1010 can manage input signals and output signals of device 1005. I / O controller 1010 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into device 1005. In some cases, I / O controller 1010 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 1010 can utilize an operating system, such as iOS. ® ANDROID ® , MS-DOS ® 、MS-WINDOWS ® , OS / 2 ® ,UNIX ® 、LINUX ® or another known operating system. Additionally or alternatively, I / O controller 1010 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touch screen, or similar device. In some cases, I / O controller 1010 may be implemented as part of a processor (such as processor 1040). In some cases, a user may interact with device 1005 via I / O controller 1010 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 1010.

[0169] In some cases, the device 1005 may include a single antenna 1025. However, in some other cases, the device 1005 may have more than one antenna 1025, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1015 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1025, wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1015 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1015 may also include a modem for: modulating packets; providing the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1025 for transmission; and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 1025. The transceiver 1015 or the transceiver 1015 and one or more antennas 1025 may be examples of transmitters 715, transmitters 815, receivers 710, receivers 810, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0170] The memory 1030 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 1030 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1035 including instructions that, when executed by the processor 1040, cause the device 1005 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1035 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as a system memory or another memory. In some cases, the code 1035 may not be directly executable by the processor 1040, but may (for example, when compiled and executed) cause the computer to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 1030 may also include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS), which may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0171] The processor 1040 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a GPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 1040 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1040. The processor 1040 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1030) to enable the device 1005 to perform various functions (e.g., various functions or tasks supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design). For example, the device 1005 or a component of the device 1005 may include a processor 1040 and a memory 1030 coupled to or coupled to the processor 1040, and the processor 1040 and the memory 1030 are configured to perform various functions described herein.

[0172] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 1020 may support wireless communications at a wireless device. For example, the communication manager 1020 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for transmitting an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The communication manager 1020 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for modulating the first bit subset using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a high transmission reliability of the first bit subset. The communication manager 1020 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for transmitting a second transmission associated with the data payload comprising the modulated set of bits.

[0173] Additionally or alternatively, according to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 1020 may support wireless communications at a wireless device. For example, the communication manager 1020 may be configured as or otherwise support means for receiving an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The communication manager 1020 may be configured as or otherwise support means for receiving a second transmission associated with the data payload, the second transmission comprising a second set of bits modulated using a second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme and producing a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset.

[0174] By including or configuring the communication manager 1020 according to the examples as described herein, the device 1005 can support techniques for improving memory usage (e.g., buffer memory) because data bits or feedback bits are sent in a manner that improves the reliability of retransmissions, thereby reducing the likelihood of failed or undecodable transmissions. These techniques support higher throughput by more efficiently using buffers that can be implemented in the memory of the device.

[0175] In some examples, the communication manager 1020 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, monitor, transmit) using or otherwise cooperating with the transceiver 1015, one or more antennas 1025, or any combination thereof. Although the communication manager 1020 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1020 may be supported or performed by the processor 1040, the memory 1030, the code 1035, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 1035 may include instructions that are executable by the processor 1040 to cause the device 1005 to perform various aspects of the modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design as described herein, or the processor 1040 and the memory 1030 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0176] Fig.11 A block diagram 1100 of a device 1105 supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1105 may be an example of aspects of a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 1105 may include a receiver 1110, a transmitter 1115, and a communication manager 1120. The device 1105 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0177] The receiver 1110 may provide means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack), such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). The information may be passed to other components of the device 1105. In some examples, the receiver 1110 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, the receiver 1110 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, optical) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0178] The transmitter 1115 may provide means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, transmitting) information generated by other components of the device 1105. For example, the transmitter 1115 may output information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) (such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units)). In some examples, the transmitter 1115 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitter 1115 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, optical) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 1115 and the receiver 1110 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include a modem or be coupled to a modem.

[0179] The communication manager 1120, the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1120, the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may support methods for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0180] In some examples, the communication manager 1120, the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communication management circuit). The hardware may include a processor, a DSP, a CPU, a GPU, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting components for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, a processor and a memory coupled to the processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by executing instructions stored in the memory by the processor).

[0181] Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the communication manager 1120, the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by a processor (e.g., as communication management software). If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communication manager 1120, the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general purpose processor (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting components for performing the functions described in the present disclosure), a DSP, a CPU, a GPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices.

[0182] In some examples, communication manager 1120 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, transmit) using or otherwise cooperating with receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or both. For example, communication manager 1120 may receive information from receiver 1110, transmit information to transmitter 1115, or be integrated in conjunction with receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0183] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 1120 may support wireless communications at a wireless device. For example, the communication manager 1120 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for sending an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The communication manager 1120 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for modulating the first bit subset using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset. The communication manager 1120 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for sending a second transmission associated with the data payload comprising the modulated set of bits.

[0184] Additionally or alternatively, according to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 1120 may support wireless communications at the wireless device. For example, the communication manager 1120 may be configured as or otherwise support means for receiving an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The communication manager 1120 may be configured as or otherwise support means for receiving a second transmission associated with the data payload, the second transmission comprising a second set of bits modulated using a second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme and producing a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset.

[0185] By including or configuring the communication manager 1120 according to the examples as described herein, the device 1105 (e.g., a processor controlling or otherwise coupled to the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, the communication manager 1120, or a combination thereof) can support techniques for improving memory usage (e.g., buffer memory) because data bits or feedback bits are sent in a manner that improves the reliability of retransmissions, thereby reducing the likelihood of failed or undecodable transmissions. These techniques support higher throughput by more efficiently using buffers that can be implemented in the memory of the device.

[0186] Fig.12 A block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1205 may be an example of aspects of the device 1105 or network entity 105 as described herein. The device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a transmitter 1215, and a communication manager 1220. The device 1205 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0187] The receiver 1210 may provide means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack), such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). The information may be passed to other components of the device 1205. In some examples, the receiver 1210 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, the receiver 1210 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, optical) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0188] The transmitter 1215 may provide means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, transmitting) information generated by other components of the device 1205. For example, the transmitter 1215 may output information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). In some examples, the transmitter 1215 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitter 1215 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, optical) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 1215 and the receiver 1210 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled to a modem.

[0189] The device 1205 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of the modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1220 may include an initial transmission component 1225, a bit modulation component 1230, a retransmission component 1235, an initial transmission receiving component 1240, a retransmission receiving component 1245, or any combination thereof. The communication manager 1220 may be an example of various aspects of the communication manager 1120 as described herein. In some examples, the communication manager 1220 or its various components may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, send). For example, the communication manager 1220 may receive information from the receiver 1210, transmit information to the transmitter 1215, or be integrated with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0190] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 1220 can support wireless communications at a wireless device. An initial transmission component 1225 can be configured as or otherwise support means for transmitting an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. A bit modulation component 1230 can be configured as or otherwise support means for modulating the first bit subset using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset. A retransmission component 1235 can be configured as or otherwise support means for transmitting a second transmission associated with the data payload comprising the modulated set of bits.

[0191] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1220 may support wireless communications at the wireless device according to examples as disclosed herein. The initial transmission receiving component 1240 may be configured as or otherwise support means for receiving an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The retransmission receiving component 1245 may be configured as or otherwise support means for receiving a second transmission associated with the data payload, the second transmission comprising a second set of bits modulated using a second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme and producing a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset.

[0192] Fig.13A block diagram 1300 of a communication manager 1320 supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The communication manager 1320 can be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1120, the communication manager 1220, or both as described herein. The communication manager 1320 or its various components can be examples of components for performing various aspects of the modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1320 may include an initial transmission component 1325, a bit modulation component 1330, a retransmission component 1335, an initial transmission reception component 1340, a retransmission reception component 1345, a reliability identification component 1350, a bit selection component 1355, a bit flipping component 1360, a control communication component 1365, a modulation identification component 1370, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses), which communication may include communication within a protocol layer of a protocol stack, communication associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack, within a device, component, or virtualized component associated with the network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualized components associated with the network entity 105), or any combination thereof.

[0193] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 1320 can support wireless communications at a wireless device. An initial transmission component 1325 can be configured as or otherwise support means for transmitting an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. A bit modulation component 1330 can be configured as or otherwise support means for modulating the first bit subset using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset. A retransmission component 1335 can be configured as or otherwise support means for transmitting a second transmission associated with the data payload comprising the modulated set of bits.

[0194] In some examples, to support modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, the bit modulation component 1330 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, which orders the bits in the first bit subset so that the bits in the first bit subset sent with a lower transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset via the initial transmission are associated with a higher transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset for the second transmission.

[0195] In some examples, to support modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, the bit modulation component 1330 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme that reverses the bit ordering used for the initial transmission of the first bit subset.

[0196] In some examples, the set of bits of the initial transmission is modulated using a first modulation order. In some examples, the modulated set of bits of the second transmission is modulated using a second modulation order, wherein the second modulation order is a lower modulation order than the first modulation order.

[0197] In some examples, to support modulation of the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, the reliability identification component 1350 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for determining a conditional entropy corresponding to a modulation order for modulating the set of bits for the initial transmission. In some examples, to support modulation of the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, the bit selection component 1355 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for selecting the first bit subset for the second transmission based on the first bit subset having a higher conditional entropy than the second bit subset. In some examples, to support modulation of the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, the bit modulation component 1330 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for modulating the selected first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme.

[0198] In some examples, the bit flipping component 1360 can be configured as or otherwise supports means for flipping the bit value of each bit in the subset of bits in the first bit subset. In some examples, the bit modulation component 1330 can be configured as or otherwise supports means for mapping the first bit subset including the flipped bit values ​​to a modulation order to generate the modulated bit set.

[0199] In some examples, the set of bits of the initial transmission and the first bit subset of the second transmission are scrambled using the same scrambling identifier.

[0200] In some examples, bit selection component 1355 can be configured as or otherwise support means for selecting one or more parity bits from a data buffer associated with the data payload to include in the second transmission.

[0201] In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the one or more parity bits such that the one or more parity bits are associated with a higher transmission reliability than the first subset of bits.

[0202] In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme reverses the order of the bits in the first subset.

[0203] In some examples, to support selecting the one or more parity bits, the bit selection component 1355 can be configured as or otherwise support means for selecting the one or more parity bits until a decoding rate threshold for the second transmission is met.

[0204] In some examples, the set of initially transmitted bits is modulated using probability shaping modulation, the first subset of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second subset of bits of the set of bits modulated based on the probability shaping modulation.

[0205] In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the first bit subset based on transmission reliability of the bit positions for the probability shaping modulation.

[0206] In some examples, control communication component 1365 can be configured as or otherwise support means for communicating control signaling indicating the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme, or both.

[0207] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1320 may support wireless communications at the wireless device according to examples as disclosed herein. The initial transmission receiving component 1340 may be configured as or otherwise support means for receiving an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The retransmission receiving component 1345 may be configured as or otherwise support means for receiving a second transmission associated with the data payload, the second transmission comprising a second set of bits modulated using a second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme and producing a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset.

[0208] In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme orders the bits in the first bit subset so that bits in the first bit subset received via the initial transmission with a lower transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset are associated with a higher transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset for the second transmission.

[0209] In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme reverses the bit ordering used for the initial transmission of the first subset of bits.

[0210] In some examples, the set of bits of the initial transmission is modulated using a first modulation order. In some examples, the second set of bits of the second transmission is modulated using a second modulation order, wherein the second modulation order is a lower modulation order than the first modulation order.

[0211] In some examples, the first bit subset includes the flipped bit value of each bit in a subset of bits in the first bit subset.

[0212] In some examples, the set of bits of the initial transmission and the first bit subset of the second transmission are scrambled using the same scrambling identifier.

[0213] In some examples, the second transmission includes one or more parity bits.

[0214] In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the one or more parity bits such that the one or more parity bits are associated with a higher transmission reliability than the first subset of bits.

[0215] In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme reverses the order of the bits in the first subset.

[0216] In some examples, the set of initially transmitted bits is modulated using probability shaping modulation, the first subset of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second subset of bits of the set of bits modulated based on the probability shaping modulation.

[0217] In some examples, the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the first bit subset based on transmission reliability of the bit positions for the probability shaping modulation.

[0218] In some examples, control communication component 1365 can be configured as or otherwise support means for communicating control signaling indicating the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme, or both.

[0219] Fig.14A diagram of a system 1400 including a device 1405 supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1405 may be an example of a device 1105, a device 1205, or a network entity 105 as described herein or include a component of these devices or network entities. The device 1405 may communicate with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof, which may include communication through one or more wired interfaces, through one or more wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. The device 1405 may include components that support output and acquisition of communications, such as a communication manager 1420, a transceiver 1410, an antenna 1415, a memory 1425, a code 1430, and a processor 1435. These components may be electronically communicated or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1440).

[0220] The transceiver 1410 may support bidirectional communication via a wired link, a radio link, or both as described herein. In some examples, the transceiver 1410 may include a wired transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wired transceiver. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the transceiver 1410 may include a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, the device 1405 may include one or more antennas 1415, which may be capable of (e.g., concurrently) sending or receiving wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1410 may also include a modem for: modulating a signal; providing the modulated signal for transmission (e.g., via one or more antennas 1415, via a wired transmitter); receiving the modulated signal (e.g., from one or more antennas 1415, from a wired receiver); and demodulating the signal. In some implementations, the transceiver 1410 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 1415 configured to support various receiving or obtaining operations, or one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 1415 configured to support various transmitting or outputting operations, or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1410 may include or be configured to be coupled to one or more processors or memory components, which are operable to perform or support operations based on received or obtained information or signals, or to generate information or other signals for transmission or other output, or any combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1410, or the transceiver 1410 and one or more antennas 1415, or the transceiver 1410 and one or more antennas 1415 and one or more processors or memory components (e.g., processor 1435 or memory 1425 or both) may be included in a chip or chip assembly installed in the device 1405. In some examples, the transceiver may be operable to support communications via one or more communication links (eg, communication link 125 , backhaul communication link 120 , midhaul communication link 162 , fronthaul communication link 168 ).

[0221] Memory 1425 may include RAM and ROM. Memory 1425 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1430 including instructions that, when executed by processor 1435, cause device 1405 to perform various functions described herein. Code 1430 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another memory. In some cases, code 1430 may not be directly executable by processor 1435, but may (e.g., when compiled and executed) cause a computer to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1425 may also include, among other things, a BIOS that may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0222] The processor 1435 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, a GPU, an FPGA, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 1435 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1435. The processor 1435 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., a memory 1425) to enable the device 1405 to perform various functions (e.g., various functions or tasks supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design). For example, the device 1405 or a component of the device 1405 may include a processor 1435 and a memory 1425 coupled to the processor 1435, and the processor 1435 and the memory 1425 are configured to perform various functions described herein. Processor 1435 may be an example of a cloud computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as an operating system, virtual machine, or container example) that can host functions (e.g., by executing code 1430) to perform functions of device 1405. Processor 1435 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in device 1405 (such as in memory 1425). In some specific implementations, processor 1435 may be a component of a processing system. A processing system may generally refer to a system or series of machines or components that receives inputs and processes these inputs to produce a set of outputs (which may be passed to other systems or components of, for example, device 1405). For example, a processing system of device 1405 may refer to a system that includes various other components or subcomponents of device 1405 (such as processor 1435, or transceiver 1410, or communication manager 1420, or other components or combinations of components of device 1405). The processing system of device 1405 may interface with other components of device 1405 and may process information (such as input or signals) received from other components or output information to other components. For example, a chip or modem of device 1405 may include a processing system and one or more interfaces for outputting information or for obtaining information or both. One or more interfaces may be implemented as or otherwise include a first interface configured to output information and a second interface configured to obtain information, or the same interface configured to output information and obtain information, as well as other specific implementations. In some specific implementations, one or more interfaces may refer to an interface between a processing system of a chip or modem and a transmitter, so that device 1405 can send information output from the chip or modem.Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, one or more interfaces may refer to an interface between a processing system of a chip or modem and a receiver, such that the device 1405 may obtain information or signal input, and the information may be passed to the processing system. One of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that a first interface may also obtain information or signal input, and a second interface may also output information or signal output.

[0223] In some examples, bus 1440 may support communications of a protocol layer (e.g., within a protocol layer) of a protocol stack. In some examples, bus 1440 may support communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack), which may include communications performed within a component of device 1405, or communications performed between different components of device 1405 that may be co-located or located in different locations (e.g., where device 1405 may refer to a system in which one or more of communication manager 1420, transceiver 1410, memory 1425, code 1430, and processor 1435 may be located in one component of different components or divided between different components).

[0224] In some examples, the communication manager 1420 may manage aspects of communications with the core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links). For example, the communication manager 1420 may manage the delivery of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communication manager 1420 may manage communications with other network entities 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with the UEs 115 in coordination with the other network entities 105. In some examples, the communication manager 1420 may support an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communications between network entities 105.

[0225] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 1420 may support wireless communications at a wireless device. For example, the communication manager 1420 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for transmitting an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The communication manager 1420 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for modulating the first bit subset using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset. The communication manager 1420 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for transmitting a second transmission associated with the data payload comprising the modulated set of bits.

[0226] Additionally or alternatively, according to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 1420 may support wireless communications at the wireless device. For example, the communication manager 1420 may be configured as or otherwise support means for receiving an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The communication manager 1420 may be configured as or otherwise support means for receiving a second transmission associated with the data payload, the second transmission comprising a second set of bits modulated using a second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme and producing a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset.

[0227] By including or configuring a communication manager 1420 according to examples as described herein, the device 1405 can support techniques for improving memory usage (e.g., buffer memory) because data bits or feedback bits are sent in a manner that improves the reliability of retransmissions, thereby reducing the likelihood of failed or undecodable transmissions. These techniques support higher throughput by more efficiently using buffers that can be implemented in the device's memory.

[0228] In some examples, the communication manager 1420 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, transmit) using or otherwise cooperating with the transceiver 1410, one or more antennas 1415 (e.g., where applicable), or any combination thereof. Although the communication manager 1420 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1420 may be supported or performed by the transceiver 1410, the processor 1435, the memory 1425, the code 1430, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 1430 may include instructions that are executable by the processor 1435 to cause the device 1405 to perform various aspects of the modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design as described herein, or the processor 1435 and the memory 1425 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0229] Fig.15 A flowchart illustrating a method 1500 for supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described in reference to Figures 1 to 10 UE 115 as described or as referenced Figures 1 to 6 and Figures 11 to 14In some examples, the UE or network entity may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE or network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE or network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0230] At 1505, the method may include sending an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission including a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The operations of 1505 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1505 may be performed as described in reference to Fig. 9 and Fig.13 The described initial sending component 925 or the initial sending component 1325 is performed.

[0231] At 1510, the method may include modulating the first subset of bits using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first subset of bits. The operations of 1510 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1510 may be performed as described in reference to Fig. 9 and Fig.13 The described bit modulation component 930 or the bit modulation component 1330 is performed.

[0232] At 1515, the method may include sending a second transmission associated with the data payload including the modulated set of bits. The operations of 1515 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1515 may be performed as described in reference to Fig. 9 and Fig.13 The described resending component 935 or the resending component 1335 is performed.

[0233] At 1520, the method may include modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme ordering the bits in the first bit subset so that the bits in the first bit subset transmitted via the initial transmission with a lower transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset are associated with a higher transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset for the second transmission. The operations of 1520 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1520 may be performed as described in reference to Fig. 9 and Fig.13 The described bit modulation component 930 or the bit modulation component 1330 is performed.

[0234] Fig.16A flowchart illustrating a method 1600 for supporting a modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described in reference to Figures 1 to 10 UE 115 as described or as referenced Figures 1 to 6 and Figures 11 to 14 In some examples, the UE or network entity may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE or network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE or network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0235] At 1605, the method may include sending an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission including a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The operations of 1605 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1605 may be performed as described in reference to Fig. 9 and Fig.13 The described initial sending component 925 or the initial sending component 1325 is performed.

[0236] At 1610, the method may include modulating the first subset of bits using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first subset of bits. The operations of 1610 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1610 may be performed as described in reference to Fig. 9 and Fig.13 The described bit modulation component 930 or the bit modulation component 1330 is performed.

[0237] At 1615, the method may include transmitting a second transmission associated with the data payload including the modulated set of bits. The operations of 1615 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1615 may be performed as described in reference to Fig. 9 and Fig.13 The described resending component 935 or the resending component 1335 is performed.

[0238] At 1620, the method may include selecting one or more parity bits from a data buffer associated with the data payload to include in the second transmission. The operations of 1620 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1620 may be performed as described in reference to Fig. 9 and Fig.13The described bit selection component 955 or the bit selection component 1355 is performed.

[0239] Fig.17 A flowchart illustrating a method 1700 for supporting modulation-based HARQ feedback retransmission design according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by a UE or a network entity or a component thereof as described in reference to Figures 1 to 10 UE 115 as described or as referenced Figures 1 to 6 and Figures 11 to 14 In some examples, the UE or network entity may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE or network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE or network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0240] At 1705, the method may include receiving an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission including a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits. The operations of 1705 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1705 may be performed as described in reference to Fig. 9 and Fig.13 The described initial sending and receiving component 940 or the initial sending and receiving component 1340 is executed.

[0241] At 1710, the method may include receiving a second transmission associated with the data payload, the second transmission including a second set of bits modulated using a second bit ordering scheme that is different from the first bit ordering scheme and produces a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset. The operations of 1710 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1710 may be performed as described in reference to Fig. 9 and Fig.13 The described resend receive component 945 or the resend receive component 1345 is performed.

[0242] The following provides an overview of various aspects of the disclosure:

[0243] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a wireless device, the method comprising: sending an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first bit subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second bit subset of the set of bits; modulating the first bit subset using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first bit subset; and sending a second transmission associated with the data payload comprising the modulated set of bits.

[0244] Aspect 2: A method according to Aspect 1, wherein modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme includes: modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme ordering the bits in the first bit subset so that the bits in the first bit subset sent with a lower transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset via the initial transmission are associated with a higher transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset used for the second transmission.

[0245] Aspect 3: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 2, wherein modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme includes: modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme, wherein the second bit ordering scheme reverses the bit ordering used for the initial transmission of the first bit subset.

[0246] Aspect 4: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein the set of bits initially sent is modulated using a first modulation order; and the set of modulated bits second sent is modulated using a second modulation order, wherein the second modulation order is a modulation order lower than the first modulation order.

[0247] Aspect 5: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein modulating the first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme includes: determining a conditional entropy corresponding to a modulation order used to modulate the set of bits for the initial transmission; selecting the first bit subset for the second transmission based at least in part on the first bit subset having a higher conditional entropy than the second bit subset; and modulating the selected first bit subset using the second bit ordering scheme.

[0248] Aspect 6: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 1 to 5, the method further includes: flipping the bit value of each bit in a subset of bits in the first bit subset; and mapping the first bit subset including the flipped bit value to a modulation order to generate the modulated bit set.

[0249] Aspect 7: The method according to aspect 6, wherein the set of bits of the initial transmission and the first subset of bits of the second transmission are scrambled using the same scrambling identifier.

[0250] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 7, the method further comprising: selecting one or more parity bits from a data buffer associated with the data payload to include in the second transmission.

[0251] Aspect 9: The method according to aspect 8, wherein the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the one or more parity bits so that the one or more parity bits are associated with a higher transmission reliability than the first bit subset.

[0252] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of aspects 8 to 9, wherein the second bit ordering scheme reverses the order of the bits in the first subset of bits.

[0253] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of aspects 8 to 10, wherein selecting the one or more parity bits comprises: selecting the one or more parity bits until a decoding rate threshold for the second transmission is met.

[0254] Aspect 12: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 11, wherein the set of bits initially transmitted is modulated using probability shaping modulation, and the first subset of bits is associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second subset of bits of the set of bits based at least in part on the probability shaping modulation.

[0255] Aspect 13: The method of aspect 12, wherein the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the first subset of bits based at least in part on transmission reliability of bit positions for the probability shaping modulation.

[0256] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 13, the method further comprising: communicating control signaling, the control signaling indicating the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme, or both.

[0257] Aspect 15: A method for wireless communications at a wireless device, the method comprising: receiving an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second subset of the set of bits; and receiving a second transmission associated with the data payload, the second transmission comprising a second set of bits modulated using a second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme and producing a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first subset of bits.

[0258] Aspect 16: A method according to Aspect 15, wherein the second bit ordering scheme orders the bits in the first bit subset so that the bits in the first bit subset received via the initial transmission with a lower transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset are associated with a higher transmission reliability among the bits in the first bit subset used for the second transmission.

[0259] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of aspects 15 to 16, wherein the second bit ordering scheme reverses the bit ordering used for the initial transmission of the first subset of bits.

[0260] Aspect 18: A method according to any one of Aspects 15 to 17, wherein the set of bits initially transmitted is modulated using a first modulation order; and the second set of bits second transmitted is modulated using a second modulation order, wherein the second modulation order is a modulation order lower than the first modulation order.

[0261] Aspect 19: The method of any one of Aspects 15 to 18, wherein the first subset of bits comprises a flipped bit value for each bit in a subset of bits in the first subset of bits.

[0262] Aspect 20: The method of aspect 19, wherein the set of bits of the initial transmission and the first subset of bits of the second transmission are scrambled using the same scrambling identifier.

[0263] Aspect 21: The method according to any one of Aspects 15 to 20, wherein the second transmission includes one or more parity bits.

[0264] Aspect 22: The method according to aspect 21, wherein the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the one or more parity bits so that the one or more parity bits are associated with a higher transmission reliability than the first bit subset.

[0265] Aspect 23: The method according to any one of Aspects 21 to 22, wherein the second bit ordering scheme reverses the order of the bits in the first subset of bits.

[0266] Aspect 24: A method according to any one of Aspects 15 to 23, wherein the set of bits initially transmitted is modulated using probability shaping modulation, and the first subset of bits is associated with a lower transmission reliability than the second subset of bits of the set of bits based at least in part on the probability shaping modulation.

[0267] Aspect 25: The method of aspect 24, wherein the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the first bit subset based at least in part on transmission reliability of bit positions for the probability shaping modulation.

[0268] Aspect 26: The method according to any one of aspects 15 to 25, the method further comprising: communicating control signaling, the control signaling indicating the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme, or both.

[0269] Aspect 27: An apparatus for performing wireless communications at a wireless device, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 14.

[0270] Aspect 28: An apparatus for wireless communication at a wireless device, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 14.

[0271] Aspect 29: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a wireless device, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 14.

[0272] Aspect 30: An apparatus for performing wireless communications at a wireless device, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 15 to 26.

[0273] Aspect 31: An apparatus for wireless communication at a wireless device, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing a method according to any one of aspects 15 to 26.

[0274] Aspect 32: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a wireless device, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 15 to 26.

[0275] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the various operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods may be combined.

[0276] Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for example purposes, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein may also be applicable to networks other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described may be applicable to various other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0277] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the specification may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0278] The various illustrative blocks and components described in conjunction with the disclosure herein may be implemented or executed using a general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, GPU, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in an alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0279] The functions described herein can be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, or any combination thereof. Software should be broadly interpreted as meaning instructions, instruction sets, codes, code segments, program codes, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, processes or functions, etc., whether it is described in software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other terms. If implemented using software executed by a processor, these functions can be stored as one or more instructions or codes of a computer-readable medium, or sent using one or more instructions or codes of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and specific implementations are within the scope of the present disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein can be implemented using software, firmware, hard wiring, or any combination thereof executed by a processor. The features that implement the functions can also be physically located at different locations, including being distributed so that the parts that implement the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0280] Computer-readable media include both non-transient computer storage media and communication media, and the communication media include any media that facilitates the transfer of computer programs from one location to another. Non-transient storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a general or special computer. As an example and not limitation, non-transient computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, phase change memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage device, disk storage device or other magnetic storage device or can be used to carry or store instructions or data structure form of desired program code components and can be accessed by general or special computers or general or special processors. Any other non-transient medium. In addition, any connection is appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio and microwaves are used to send software from a website, server or other remote source, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio and microwaves are included in the definition of computer-readable media. As used herein, disks and optical disks include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs. Disks can reproduce data magnetically, and optical disks can reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0281] As used herein (including in the claims), "or" used in a listing of items (e.g., a listing of items with a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive listing, so that, for example, a listing of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). In addition, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" can be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on". As used herein, when the term "and / or" is used in a list of two or more items, it means that any one of the listed items may be adopted individually, or any combination of two or more of the listed items may be adopted. For example, if a composition is described as comprising components A, B, and / or C, the composition may comprise A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B in combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination.

[0282] The term "determining" encompasses a variety of actions, and thus, "determining" may include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, database or other data structure), and ascertaining. Additionally, "determining" may include receiving (e.g., receiving information) and accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in a memory). Additionally, "determining" may include parsing, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.

[0283] In the drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference label. In addition, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label with a dash and a second label to distinguish between the similar components. If only the first reference label is used in the specification, the description may apply to any of the similar components having the same first reference label, regardless of the second reference label or other subsequent reference labels.

[0284] The descriptions set forth herein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings describe example configurations and do not represent all examples that may be implemented or within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "used as an example, instance, or illustration," rather than "preferred" or "advantageous over other examples." The specific embodiments include specific details to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques may be practiced without these specific details. In some cases, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0285] The description herein is provided to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to implement or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be granted the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a wireless device, the apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and a memory coupled to the at least one processor, the memory storing instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the wireless device to: transmitting an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second subset of the set of bits; modulating the first subset of bits using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first subset of bits; and A second transmission associated with the data payload comprising the modulated set of bits is transmitted.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the instructions for modulating the first subset of bits using the second bit ordering scheme are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: The first subset of bits is modulated using the second bit ordering scheme, which orders the bits in the first subset of bits so that the bits in the first subset of bits sent with a lower transmission reliability among the bits in the first subset of bits via the initial transmission are associated with a higher transmission reliability among the bits in the first subset of bits for the second transmission.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the instructions for modulating the first subset of bits using the second bit ordering scheme are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: The first subset of bits is modulated using the second bit ordering scheme that reverses the bit ordering that was used for the initial transmission of the first subset of bits.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein: said set of said initially transmitted bits is modulated using a first modulation order; and The modulated set of bits of the second transmission is modulated using a second modulation order, wherein the second modulation order is a lower modulation order than the first modulation order.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the instructions for modulating the first subset of bits using the second bit ordering scheme are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: determining a conditional entropy corresponding to a modulation order used to modulate said set of bits for said initial transmission; selecting the first subset of bits for the second transmission based at least in part on the first subset of bits having a higher conditional entropy than the second subset of bits; as well as The selected subset of first bits is modulated using the second bit ordering scheme.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: flipping the bit value of each bit in a subset of bits in the first subset of bits; and The first subset of bits including the flipped bit values ​​is mapped to a modulation order to generate the modulated set of bits.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the set of bits of the initial transmission and the first subset of bits of the second transmission are scrambled using the same scrambling identifier.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: One or more parity bits are selected from a data buffer associated with the data payload for inclusion in the second transmission.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the one or more parity bits such that the one or more parity bits are associated with a higher transmission reliability than the first subset of bits.

10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the second bit ordering scheme reverses the order of bits in the first subset of bits.

11. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the instructions for selecting the one or more parity bits are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: The one or more parity bits are selected until a decoding rate threshold for the second transmission is met.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the set of bits initially transmitted is modulated using probability shaping modulation, the first subset of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second subset of bits of the set of bits based at least in part on the probability shaping modulation.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the first subset of bits based at least in part on transmission reliability of bit positions for the probability shaping modulation.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: Control signaling is communicated that indicates the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme, or both.

15. An apparatus for wireless communication at a wireless device, the apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and a memory coupled to the at least one processor, the memory storing instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the wireless device to: receiving an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second subset of the set of bits; and A second transmission associated with the data payload is received, the second transmission comprising a second set of bits modulated using a second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme and producing a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first subset of bits.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the second bit ordering scheme orders the bits in the first subset of bits so that bits in the first subset of bits received via the initial transmission with a lower transmission reliability among the bits in the first subset of bits are associated with a higher transmission reliability among the bits in the first subset of bits for the second transmission.

17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the second bit ordering scheme reverses the bit ordering used for the initial transmission of the first subset of bits.

18. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein: said set of said initially transmitted bits is modulated using a first modulation order; and The second set of the second transmitted bits is modulated using a second modulation order, wherein the second modulation order is a lower modulation order than the first modulation order.

19. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the first subset of bits comprises a flipped bit value for each bit in a subset of bits in the first subset of bits.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the set of bits of the initial transmission and the first subset of bits of the second transmission are scrambled using a same scrambling identifier.

21. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein: The second transmission includes one or more parity bits.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the one or more parity bits such that the one or more parity bits are associated with a higher transmission reliability than the first subset of bits.

23. The device of claim 21, wherein the second bit ordering scheme reverses the order of bits in the first subset of bits.

24. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the set of bits initially transmitted is modulated using probability shaping modulation, the first subset of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second subset of bits of the set of bits based at least in part on the probability shaping modulation.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the second bit ordering scheme prioritizes the first subset of bits based at least in part on transmission reliability of bit positions for the probability shaping modulation.

26. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: Control signaling is communicated that indicates the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme, or both.

27. A method for wireless communication at a wireless device, the method comprising: transmitting an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second subset of the set of bits; modulating the first subset of bits using a second bit ordering scheme to generate a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first subset of bits; and A second transmission associated with the data payload comprising the modulated set of bits is transmitted.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein modulating the first subset of bits using the second bit ordering scheme comprises: The first subset of bits is modulated using the second bit ordering scheme, which orders the bits in the first subset of bits so that the bits in the first subset of bits sent with a lower transmission reliability among the bits in the first subset of bits via the initial transmission are associated with a higher transmission reliability among the bits in the first subset of bits for the second transmission.

29. The method of claim 27, wherein modulating the first subset of bits using the second bit ordering scheme comprises: The first subset of bits is modulated using the second bit ordering scheme that reverses the bit ordering that was used for the initial transmission of the first subset of bits.

30. A method for wireless communication at a wireless device, the method comprising: receiving an initial transmission associated with a data payload, the initial transmission comprising a set of bits modulated using a first bit ordering scheme, a first subset of the set of bits being associated with a lower transmission reliability than a second subset of the set of bits; and A second transmission associated with the data payload is received, the second transmission comprising a second set of bits modulated using a second bit ordering scheme, the second bit ordering scheme being different from the first bit ordering scheme and producing a modulated set of bits, the second bit ordering scheme being associated with a higher transmission reliability of the first subset of bits.

Images