Regenerative rice seedling substrate and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a regenerative rice seedling substrate and a preparation method thereof. The organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45-60 parts of fermented straws, 10-20 parts of vermiculite, 10-20 parts of perlite, 10-20 parts of wormcast, 5-15 parts of engineering slurry and 1-2 parts of auxiliary materials. The rice straw is used as a main material and matched with the wormcast, the engineering slurry and other materials, agricultural waste generated in the agricultural production process is fully utilized, the environment-friendly effect is achieved, and cultivated seedlings grow robustly and are suitable for machine-transplanted seedlings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of regeneration type substrates, and in particular relates to a regeneration type rice seedling raising substrate and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] my country is a traditional agricultural country and a country with abundant rice straw resources. The rice straw resources produced by rice cultivation are as high as hundreds of millions of tons each year, and the potential for resource utilization is huge. Therefore, exploring a method for utilizing rice straw is of great significance to environmental protection and resource utilization.

[0003] At present, the seedling raising substrate sold on the market is generally based on peat soil or peat soil, and then perlite, vermiculite and other additives are added exogenously in a certain proportion. The main problems of the seedling raising substrate on the market are as follows: 1. The seedling raising substrate is generally non-renewable and the cost is relatively high, which leads to increased production costs when producing rice seedlings on a large scale; 2. The root development of rice seedlings requires a suitable substrate environment to provide good air permeability and water retention. If the structure of the seedling raising substrate is unreasonable, it may lead to poor root growth, root hypoxia or root water accumulation, affecting the healthy growth of rice seedlings. The problems caused by the unreasonable structure of the seedling raising substrate still exist; 3. The seedling raising substrate sold on the market has limited nutrients, which may cause the rice seedlings to grow slowly and be short, and even unable to grow normally in severe cases; 4. The seedling raising substrate is easily contaminated, and there may be harmful substances such as pathogens, insect eggs or weed seeds, which will further affect the growth and development of rice seedlings, and may spread diseases when transplanted to the field in the later stage. Therefore, choosing alternative materials to develop seedling substrates can not only further control costs and increase economic benefits, but also reduce the occurrence of diseases and pests. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a regenerated rice seedling substrate and a preparation method thereof. The present invention mainly uses rice straw, and is combined with materials such as earthworm castings and engineering mud, fully utilizing agricultural waste generated in the agricultural production process, being environmentally friendly, and the seedlings grown therein grow strong and are suitable for machine transplanting.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0006] A regeneration type rice seedling raising matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0007] 45-60 parts of fermented straw, 10-20 parts of vermiculite, 10-20 parts of perlite, 10-20 parts of earthworm castings, 5-15 parts of engineering mud, and 1-2 parts of auxiliary materials.

[0008] Further, the following components are included in parts by weight:

[0009] 55 parts of fermented straw, 20 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of perlite, 10 parts of earthworm castings, 5 parts of engineering mud, and 1 part of auxiliary materials.

[0010] Furthermore, the preparation method of the fermented straw is as follows:

[0011] The straw is washed at least twice, turned over and dried, and then crushed to 3-5 mm, and then inoculated with a composite bacterial agent and anaerobically fermented for 60-90 days to obtain fermented straw.

[0012] Furthermore, the composite bacterial agent is an organic fertilizer fermentation and decomposition agent purchased from Qingdao Fengyu Company, which includes at least one of lactic acid bacteria, fiber-decomposing bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, yeast and mold.

[0013] Further, engineering mud is a by-product of crushed rock, rock cuttings, fine particles and water generated during engineering activities such as rock crushing and drilling, land excavation and ore mining.

[0014] Furthermore, the straw is rice straw.

[0015] Furthermore, the particle size of the vermiculite is 1-3 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the particle size of the perlite is 3-5 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the preparation method of the auxiliary material is:

[0018] The method is prepared by uniformly mixing zinc sulfate, carbendazim and paclobutrazol in a ratio of 5-11:150-200:5-10, adding concentrated sulfuric acid with a mass concentration of 15%, and stirring evenly.

[0019] The method for preparing the above-mentioned regeneration type rice seedling raising matrix is ​​characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0020] Mix all the components evenly according to the formula.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] 1. The advantage of using rice straw resources as raw materials locally is that rice straw can be used as a usable material, reducing the expenditure on the purchase and transportation of traditional commodity substrates, saving long-distance transportation costs, further reducing substrate costs, and improving the economic benefits of large-scale planting households;

[0023] 2. Commercial organic fertilizer fermentation and decomposition agent (produced by Qingdao Fengyu Company) is selected as the composite bacterial agent for fermenting straw in the new renewable rice seedling medium. Its advantages are that the product has a small dosage, fast temperature rise and good decomposition effect. It mainly includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, yeast and other composite bacterial species memory special culture medium. Its effective live bacteria count is >20 billion CFU / g, which can meet the needs of fermenting straw in different seasons.

[0024] 3. The use of rice straw as one of the important components of the new renewable seedling substrate has the advantages of achieving safe and harmless treatment of straw, comprehensive utilization of straw resources, and local raw materials, which are easy to obtain and low in cost. At the same time, rice straw has good water retention. When used as a substrate raw material, it can increase the water holding capacity of the substrate, reduce water evaporation, and provide continuous nutrition for plants by decomposing organic matter in rice straw, thereby achieving the effect of fertilizer retention.

[0025] 4. The use of earthworm manure as one of the important components of the new type of renewable rice seedling substrate has the advantages that earthworm manure is rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients, which are very important for the growth and development of rice seedlings and can ensure the healthy growth of seedlings; it also has the characteristics of good air permeability, strong water retention capacity, regulating soil pH and promoting substrate activity;

[0026] 5. The use of engineering mud as one of the components of the new renewable seedling substrate has the advantages that engineering mud is a waste generated during the construction process and can be recycled. It does not contain any toxic or harmful substances and is environmentally friendly. It contains some minerals and microorganisms, which can provide certain nutrients and promote soil microbial activity, which helps to improve the fertility of the seedling substrate and improve the soil structure, and increase the soil water and fertilizer retention capacity of the substrate. As a component of the substrate, it can effectively reduce environmental pollution and realize the recycling of resources. It plays a good role in regulating the pH of the substrate, and can also improve the structure of the seedling substrate and increase its looseness and air permeability.

[0027] 6. The use of earthworm castings as one of the components of the new renewable seedling substrate has the advantage that the organic matter in earthworm castings can provide the nutrients needed by plants and can absorb and purify heavy metals and harmful substances in the soil. Engineering mud has water retention properties, which can reduce the waste of water resources and groundwater pollution. Through the synergistic effect of the two, the quality of the soil can be improved and environmental pollution can be reduced;

[0028] 7. The mixture of vermicompost and engineering mud has a good soil improvement effect. Vermicompost contains rich organic matter and microorganisms, which can provide nutrients, improve soil structure, increase soil water retention and permeability. Engineering mud contains certain sticky components, which helps to form a more stable soil structure and avoid soil erosion and loss. Through the cooperation of the two, the soil can be made more fertile and more breathable, which is conducive to the growth and development of crops. Secondly, the mixture of vermicompost and engineering mud is also beneficial to the environment. The organic matter in vermicompost can provide nutrients needed by plants, and can adsorb and purify heavy metals and harmful substances in the soil. Engineering mud has water retention, which can reduce the waste of water resources and the pollution of groundwater. Through the synergistic effect of the two, the quality of the soil can be improved and environmental pollution can be reduced. Finally, the combination of vermicompost and engineering mud can also reduce costs. Vermicompost is a natural resource that can be obtained by breeding earthworms at a relatively low cost. Engineering mud is a waste generated during the construction process and can be recycled. By mixing the two, the cost of waste treatment can be reduced, and resource reuse and circular economy can be achieved;

[0029] 8. The auxiliary material is a mixture of zinc sulfate, carbendazim and paclobutrazol, which can achieve a comprehensive pest control effect by working together to improve the growth of rice seedling medium. Zinc sulfate provides nutrients to promote the healthy growth of seedlings; carbendazim and paclobutrazol prevent and control diseases and protect seedlings from pathogens. The auxiliary material can effectively improve the health of rice seedlings and promote growth and development.

[0030] 9. The novel renewable rice seedling raising substrate produced by the present invention has a well-developed rice root system, a large number of white roots, a high leaf age, an average plant height, a thick stem, and a fresh weight of 100 plants. The rice will turn green quickly and have many tillers after machine transplanting. The cost is low and the technology is simple, and the rice can replace the traditional commercial rice seedling raising substrate.

[0031] 10. The novel renewable rice seedling raising substrate produced by the present invention has crop straw, earthworm castings, engineering mud and other agricultural and industrial production wastes as main raw materials, which are easy to obtain and inexhaustible compared with the peat soil, peat soil and other raw materials used in the commercial rice seedling raising substrates currently on sale. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 Rice seedlings cultivated by the substrate prepared by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 The root system of the seedlings is cultivated by using the substrate prepared by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a novel substrate for growing rice seedlings, comprising the following steps:

[0037] (1) Preparation of straw fermentation raw materials: dry rice straw is crushed into particles with a diameter of 3-5 mm, commercial organic fertilizer fermentation agent is added exogenously, and after anaerobic fermentation for 30 days, the particles are crushed and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to prepare straw fermentation raw materials.

[0038] (2) Pretreatment of engineering mud: The collected engineering mud is exposed to the sun for 1-2 days, crushed first, and then stirred for 45 minutes under oxygenated conditions to oxidize and decompose harmful substances in the engineering mud.

[0039] (3) Weigh the raw materials (each raw material is measured by weight): 60 parts of straw fermentation raw materials, 10 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of perlite, 10 parts of earthworm castings and 10 parts of engineering mud.

[0040] (4) Mixing: Put the weighed raw materials into a mixer and stir, add 2 parts of auxiliary materials and stir again to prepare a novel renewable rice seedling medium. The preparation method of the auxiliary materials is as follows:

[0041] The mixture is prepared by mixing zinc sulfate, carbendazim and paclobutrazol in a ratio of 11:200:8, adding 65 ml of 15% concentrated sulfuric acid and mixing again.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a novel renewable rice seedling raising substrate, comprising the following steps:

[0044] (1) Preparation of straw fermentation raw materials: Dry rice straw is crushed into particles with a diameter of 3-5 mm, commercial organic fertilizer fermentation agent is added exogenously, and after anaerobic fermentation for 30 days, the straw fermentation raw materials are prepared.

[0045] (2) Pretreatment of engineering mud: The collected engineering mud is exposed to the sun for 1-2 days, crushed first, and then stirred for 45 minutes under oxygenated conditions to oxidize and decompose harmful substances in the engineering mud.

[0046] (3) Weigh the raw materials (each raw material is measured by weight): 45 parts of straw fermentation raw material, 15 parts of vermiculite, 15 parts of perlite, 20 parts of earthworm castings and 5 parts of engineering mud.

[0047] (4) Mixing: Put the weighed raw materials into a mixer and mix them to prepare a novel renewable rice seedling medium; wherein the preparation method of the auxiliary materials is as follows:

[0048] The mixture is prepared by mixing zinc sulfate, carbendazim and paclobutrazol in a ratio of 11:200:8, adding 65 ml of 15% concentrated sulfuric acid and mixing again.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a novel renewable rice seedling raising substrate, comprising the following steps:

[0051] (1) Preparation of straw fermentation raw materials: dry rice straw is crushed into particles with a diameter of 3-5 mm, commercial organic fertilizer fermentation agent is added exogenously, and after anaerobic fermentation for 30 days, the particles are crushed and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to prepare straw fermentation raw materials.

[0052] (2) Pretreatment of engineering mud: The collected engineering mud is exposed to the sun for 1-2 days, crushed first, and then stirred for 45 minutes under oxygenated conditions to oxidize and decompose harmful substances in the engineering mud.

[0053] (3) Weigh the raw materials (each raw material is measured by weight): 55 parts of straw fermentation raw material, 20 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of perlite, 10 parts of earthworm castings and 5 parts of engineering mud.

[0054] (4) Mixing: Put the weighed raw materials into a mixer and mix them, add 1 part of auxiliary materials and mix them again to prepare a novel renewable rice seedling medium; wherein the preparation method of the auxiliary materials is as follows:

[0055] The mixture is prepared by mixing zinc sulfate, carbendazim and paclobutrazol in a ratio of 11:200:8, adding 65 ml of 15% concentrated sulfuric acid and mixing again.

[0056] Comparative Example 1

[0057] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a novel renewable rice seedling raising substrate, comprising the following steps:

[0058] (1) Preparation of straw fermentation raw materials: dry rice straw is crushed into particles with a diameter of 3-5 mm, commercial organic fertilizer fermentation agent is added exogenously, and after anaerobic fermentation for 30 days, the particles are crushed and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to prepare straw fermentation raw materials.

[0059] (2) Pretreatment of engineering mud: The collected engineering mud is exposed to the sun for 1-2 days, crushed first, and then stirred for 45 minutes under oxygenated conditions to oxidize and decompose harmful substances in the engineering mud.

[0060] (3) Weigh the raw materials (each raw material is measured by weight): 50 parts of straw fermentation raw material, 10 parts of vermiculite, 20 parts of perlite, 10 parts of earthworm castings and 10 parts of ordinary paddy field soil.

[0061] (4) Mixing: The weighed raw materials are put into a mixer and stirred, and 2 parts of auxiliary materials are added and stirred again to prepare a novel renewable rice seedling medium.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a novel renewable rice seedling raising substrate, comprising the following steps:

[0064] (1) Preparation of straw fermentation raw materials: dry rice straw is crushed into particles with a diameter of 3-5 mm, commercial organic fertilizer fermentation agent is added exogenously, and after anaerobic fermentation for 30 days, the particles are crushed and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to prepare straw fermentation raw materials.

[0065] (2) Pretreatment of engineering mud: The collected engineering mud is exposed to the sun for 1-2 days, crushed first, and then stirred for 45 minutes under oxygenated conditions to oxidize and decompose harmful substances in the engineering mud.

[0066] (3) Weigh the raw materials (each raw material is measured by weight): 60 parts of straw fermentation raw material, 15 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of perlite, 10 parts of earthworm castings and 5 parts of ordinary paddy field soil.

[0067] (4) Mixing: The weighed raw materials are put into a mixer and stirred, and 1 part of auxiliary materials is added and stirred again to prepare a novel renewable rice seedling medium.

[0068] Comparative Example 3

[0069] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a novel renewable rice seedling raising substrate, comprising the following steps:

[0070] (1) Preparation of straw fermentation raw materials: dry rice straw is crushed into particles with a diameter of 3-5 mm, commercial organic fertilizer fermentation agent is added exogenously, and after anaerobic fermentation for 30 days, the particles are crushed and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to prepare straw fermentation raw materials.

[0071] (2) Pretreatment of engineering mud: The collected engineering mud is exposed to the sun for 1-2 days, crushed first, and then stirred for 45 minutes under oxygenated conditions to oxidize and decompose harmful substances in the engineering mud.

[0072] (3) Weigh the raw materials (each raw material is measured by weight): 55 parts of straw fermentation raw material, 20 parts of perlite, 10 parts of earthworm castings and 15 parts of engineering mud.

[0073] (4) Mixing: The weighed raw materials are put into a mixer and stirred, and 1 part of auxiliary materials is added and stirred again to prepare a novel renewable rice seedling medium.

[0074] Comparative Example 4

[0075] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a novel renewable rice seedling raising substrate, comprising the following steps:

[0076] (1) Preparation of straw fermentation raw materials: dry rice straw is crushed into particles with a diameter of 3-5 mm, commercial organic fertilizer fermentation agent is added exogenously, and after anaerobic fermentation for 30 days, the particles are crushed and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to prepare straw fermentation raw materials.

[0077] (2) Pretreatment of engineering mud: The collected engineering mud is exposed to the sun for 1-2 days, crushed first, and then stirred for 45 minutes under oxygenated conditions to oxidize and decompose harmful substances in the engineering mud.

[0078] (3) Weigh the raw materials (each raw material is measured by weight): 60 parts of straw fermentation raw material, 20 parts of vermiculite, 15 parts of earthworm castings and 10 parts of engineering mud.

[0079] (4) Mixing: The weighed raw materials are put into a mixer and mixed to prepare a novel renewable rice seedling medium.

[0080] Comparative Example 5

[0081] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a novel renewable rice seedling raising substrate, comprising the following steps:

[0082] (1) Preparation of straw fermentation raw materials: dry rice straw is crushed into particles with a diameter of 3-5 mm, commercial organic fertilizer fermentation agent is added exogenously, and after anaerobic fermentation for 30 days, the particles are crushed and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to prepare straw fermentation raw materials.

[0083] (2) Pretreatment of engineering mud: The collected engineering mud is exposed to the sun for 1-2 days, crushed first, and then stirred for 45 minutes under oxygenated conditions to oxidize and decompose harmful substances in the engineering mud.

[0084] (3) Weigh the raw materials (each raw material is measured by weight): 55 parts of straw fermentation raw materials, 15 parts of vermiculite, 20 parts of perlite and 10 parts of engineering mud.

[0085] (4) Mixing: The weighed raw materials are put into a mixer and stirred, and 2 parts of auxiliary materials are added and stirred again to prepare a novel renewable rice seedling medium.

[0086] Comparative Example 6

[0087] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a novel renewable rice seedling raising substrate, comprising the following steps:

[0088] (1) Preparation of straw fermentation raw materials: dry rice straw is crushed into particles with a diameter of 3-5 mm, commercial organic fertilizer fermentation agent is added exogenously, and after anaerobic fermentation for 30 days, the particles are crushed and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to prepare straw fermentation raw materials.

[0089] (2) Pretreatment of engineering mud: The collected engineering mud is exposed to the sun for 1-2 days, crushed first, and then stirred for 45 minutes under oxygenated conditions to oxidize and decompose harmful substances in the engineering mud.

[0090] (3) Weigh the raw materials (each raw material is measured by weight): 55 parts of straw fermentation raw material, 20 parts of vermiculite, 15 parts of perlite and 10 parts of earthworm castings.

[0091] (4) Mixing: The weighed raw materials are put into a mixer and stirred, and 1 part of auxiliary materials is added and stirred again to prepare a novel renewable rice seedling medium.

[0092] Test example

[0093] The purchased commercial seedling raising substrate was used as the control group (denoted as CK), and the substrates provided by Examples 1 to 3 (denoted as C1, C2 and C3) and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 (denoted as D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6) were used for raising seedlings. Three repetitions were set. The rice variety was Huayou 7021. The moisture content, pH, organic matter, total phosphorus and total nitrogen of the substrate were determined according to the test method. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0094] In this embodiment, the organic matter content, total nitrogen content, total phosphorus content and available phosphorus content of all seedling raising substrates are higher than those of commercial seedling raising substrates. Among them, the organic matter content, total nitrogen content and total phosphorus content under C3 treatment are 165.65, 7.95 and 3.29 g / kg, which are significantly increased by 59.11, 2.00 and 0.92 g / kg compared with the commercial seedling raising substrate. The pH of the new renewable rice seedling raising substrate is acidic, and rice is a neutral and acidic crop, so the substrate produced by the present invention is more suitable for rice seedling raising; the substantial improvement of various nutrients in the substrate is more conducive to the rapid absorption of nutrients and increase of biomass of rice after rooting and before transplanting, so as to achieve the effect of strong seedlings after transplanting, promote rapid greening, and improve stress resistance.

[0095] Table 1 Nutrients of seedling culture medium

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] The Qingyi Experimental Field of Southwest University of Science and Technology was used as the seedling raising test site, and a comparative test of rice seedling raising indoor was conducted using purchased hard commercial seedling raising trays. The test rice was the main variety Huayou 7021 in Mianyang, Sichuan. The test set up 7 treatments, each treatment was set up with ten repetitions, and a total of 70 seedling trays. The specifications of the purchased commercial seedling raising trays are as follows: length, width and height ratio: 58cm: 28cm: 2.5cm. After filling the same volume of seedling raising substrate, the height is kept at 2.0cm. Water thoroughly, let it stand for about an hour to drain the excess water, sow the selected rice seeds that have been germinated in the same number, and then cover it with a substrate with a thickness of 0.5cm. Pay attention to observe the moisture content of the seedling tray at any time and replenish water in time. Start counting after the rice seeds are sown, count the number of seed seedlings of each substrate 7, 14, and 21 days after sowing, and calculate the emergence rate. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0099] The rice seed germination rates under each treatment were statistically analyzed 7, 14 and 21 days after rice seed sowing, and the test results are shown in Table 2. The novel rice seedling raising substrate prepared by the present invention has fast seed germination and high germination rate; 7 days after sowing, it is slightly lower than the commercial substrate (CK); 14 days after sowing, except for CK, the seed germination rates of the other treatments are all above 90%, among which, the seed germination rates of C3 treatment at 14 days and 21 days are increased by 10.13% and 12.15% compared with the commercial seedling raising substrate.

[0100] Table 2 Effects of different seedling raising substrates on rice seed germination rate

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] 20 days after sowing, seedlings with uniform growth were selected from each seedling tray to measure their leaf length, leaf width, plant height, number of roots, root length, aboveground plant fresh weight, underground root fresh weight, aboveground plant dry weight, underground root dry weight and plant nutrient content. The specific test results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0104] In conventional mechanized transplanting, there are often certain requirements for the height of rice seedlings. Generally speaking, appropriate dwarfing of the seedling height is more conducive to machine transplanting operations. In this experiment, 30 plant samples from each seedling tray were randomly selected 25 days after rice seeds were sown to measure the basic agronomic traits of the seedlings. The results are shown in Table 3. When the new renewable rice seedling raising matrix is ​​prepared by the present invention, there is no significant difference in the leaf length of the seedlings when comparing the new renewable rice seedling raising matrix with the purchased commercial seedling raising matrix in various proportions; from the perspective of seedling height, with the adjustment of different raw material ratios, the seedling height is optimized. In general, the C3 seedling raising matrix is ​​more suitable for machine transplanting operations; the larger the rice leaf area, the more photosynthetic the seedlings are, which indirectly lays a good foundation for high rice yields in the later period. In this experiment, the leaf area value of C3 leaves is the largest, which is significantly different from the commercial seedling raising matrix, and there are also differences between other matrices and the commercial seedling raising matrix; the number of seedling roots under the C3 treatment is larger, and the root system is longer, combined with Figure 2 It can be seen that the root system is tangled and the rooting ability is improved to a certain extent compared with the commercial substrate, and it has the rooting ability of high-quality substrate. In summary, the results of this test believe that C3 is the best combination, and its seedling nutrient content will be further measured and comprehensively considered.

[0105] Table 3 Effects of different seedling raising substrates on agronomic traits of seedlings

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] The renewable rice seedling raising matrix made of different raw material ratios randomly selected 30 hole plant samples from each seedling tray 25 days after rice sowing to measure dry weight, fresh weight and nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients. The results are shown in Table 4. The seedlings cultivated by the seedling raising matrix of the present invention are excellent in all seedling indicators, the quality of the seedlings is high, and the fresh weight and dry weight of the underground part are appropriate, indicating that the root system grows vigorously. The new renewable rice matrix prepared by the present invention can appropriately increase the plant height of the rice plant while ensuring the rice germination rate, increase the root weight, stem and leaf weight and stem base width, and provide a basis for the rice seedlings to quickly adapt to the field environment after transplanting. The seedlings cultivated by the renewable rice seedling raising matrix prepared by the present invention have thick stems and long and strong roots, laying a foundation for high rice yield in the later stage.

[0109] Table 4 Effects of different seedling raising substrates on the nutrient content of seedlings

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] Combined with the above test data, a comprehensive analysis shows that the new renewable rice seedling raising substrate formula and preparation method developed by the present invention are applied to rice seedling raising experiments, and the cultivated rice seedlings have high overall quality, and the raw materials are mainly rice straw, combined with earthworm castings, engineering mud and other materials, making full use of agricultural waste generated in the agricultural production process, which is environmentally friendly, and the cultivated seedlings grow strong and are suitable for machine transplanting; therefore, the new renewable rice seedling raising substrate prepared by the present invention has a reasonable ratio of various materials in the formula, can provide sufficient nutrient requirements for rice seedlings, is conducive to the growth and development of rice seedlings, reduces diseases in the seedling stage, strengthens roots and seedlings, grows evenly and has a high survival rate after field transplanting. The preparation process of the invention is simple and the method is easy to master. The nutrients of the obtained novel renewable rice seedling raising substrate can meet the nutrient needs of rice seedlings in the seedling stage, has good ventilation and water retention properties, does not need to add other nutrients during the seedling raising period, saves time and labor, and the seedlings grown are integrated, have uniform seedling height, dark green leaf color, strong root system coiling ability, and quickly turn green after field machine transplanting. The invention can be widely used in the field of rice machine transplanting.

[0113] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A regeneration type rice seedling raising matrix, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45-60 parts of fermented straw, 10-20 parts of vermiculite, 10-20 parts of perlite, 10-20 parts of earthworm castings, 5-15 parts of engineering mud, and 1-2 parts of auxiliary materials.

2. The regeneration type rice seedling raising matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of fermented straw, 20 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of perlite, 10 parts of earthworm castings, 5 parts of engineering mud, and 1 part of auxiliary materials.

3. The regeneration type rice seedling raising matrix according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The preparation method of the fermented straw is as follows: The straw is washed at least twice, turned over and dried in the sun, crushed to 3-5 mm, and then inoculated with a composite bacterial agent and anaerobically fermented for 60-90 days to obtain fermented straw.

4. The regeneration type rice seedling raising matrix according to claim 3, characterized in that: The composite bacterial agent comprises at least one of lactic acid bacteria, fiber decomposing bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, yeast and mold.

5. The regeneration type rice seedling raising matrix according to claim 3, characterized in that: The straw is rice straw.

6. The regeneration type rice seedling raising matrix according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The particle size of the vermiculite is 1-3 mm.

7. The regeneration type rice seedling raising matrix according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The particle size of the perlite is 3-5 mm.

8. The regeneration type rice seedling raising matrix according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The preparation method of the auxiliary material is: The method is prepared by uniformly mixing zinc sulfate, carbendazim and paclobutrazol in a ratio of 5-11:150-200:5-10, adding concentrated sulfuric acid with a mass concentration of 15%, and stirring evenly.

9. The method for preparing the regeneration type rice seedling raising substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Mix all the components evenly according to the formula.

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