Multifunctional efficient carbon dioxide absorption reactor

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a multifunctional efficient carbon dioxide absorption reactor, which belongs to the technical field of carbon dioxide absorption and desorption, the upper part of the reactor is a parallel flow spraying section for capturing carbon dioxide, the middle part of the reactor is a filler section for countercurrent carbon dioxide absorption, and the lower part of the reactor is a carbon dioxide desorption section. And the solvent sequentially passes through the spraying section, the filling section and the analysis section under the action of gravity. An absorbent diluter is arranged between the spraying section and the filler, so that the concentration of the absorbent flowing from the spraying tower to the filler tower can be reduced. Meanwhile, the spray tower is used as a main absorption unit, an absorbent with higher concentration can be used, the diluter can ensure that the concentration of the absorbent flowing through the packed tower is at the economic optimal concentration, and the desorption section can re-concentrate the diluted absorbent to the high concentration during desorption. The problem that the concentration of an absorbent is limited due to the fact that a traditional packed tower is easily corroded by the absorbent is solved, the blocking problem of the traditional packed tower is relieved, the absorption process is enhanced, and economic benefits are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon dioxide absorption and analysis, and in particular relates to a multifunctional and efficient carbon dioxide absorption reactor. Background Art

[0002] Innovation in CO2 absorption devices plays a vital role in promoting the industrial application of CO2 capture. The capture and storage of CO2 can effectively reduce CO2 emissions. With the continuous development of science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements for the manufacturing process of CO2 absorption reactors.

[0003] Combustion capture of carbon dioxide technology is currently the most widely used and mature technology. Among them, the amine-based chemical absorption method in the combustion method is currently the most commercially promising method for carbon dioxide capture due to its high separation purity, high capture rate, and wide range of applications. Traditionally, carbon dioxide is captured in packed towers. Packed towers are prone to clogging, and the packing has high capital and operating costs. In addition, many researchers have reported that increasing the concentration of monoethanolamine (MEA) increases the overall gas side mass transfer coefficient (KG α ), which can greatly improve the absorption efficiency. However, due to its high viscosity and corrosiveness, high-concentration MEA solution can cause serious damage to the filler. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional and efficient carbon dioxide absorption reactor, which solves the problem that the traditional packed tower cannot use a higher concentration of absorbent, effectively enhances the carbon dioxide absorption process, reduces the corrosion of the packing and reduces the amount of the packing, while also improving the economic benefits and reducing the capital cost.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A multifunctional and efficient carbon dioxide absorption reactor comprises a reactor body, wherein the reactor body is provided with a co-current spraying section for carbon dioxide capture, a packing section for counter-current carbon dioxide absorption and a carbon dioxide analysis section from top to bottom.

[0006] Further, the parallel flow spray section includes a cavity 1, a gas distributor is arranged in the cavity 1, a flue gas feed pipe is arranged at the top of the side wall of the cavity 1, the gas distributor is located at the bottom of the pipe opening of the flue gas feed pipe, an absorbent delivery pipe is penetrated through the top of the cavity 1, the pipe opening of the absorbent delivery pipe extends below the gas distributor and is connected with a double nozzle; A purified flue gas discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the other side wall of the cavity one, and an absorbent outlet is provided at the bottom of the cavity one, and the absorbent outlet is in the shape of an inverted frustum.

[0007] Furthermore, the packing section includes a second cavity, in which an absorbent diluter, a liquid distributor, a packing area and a gas distributor are arranged from top to bottom, and a gas outlet is arranged on the side wall between the absorbent diluter and the liquid distributor, and the gas outlet is connected to the flue gas feed pipe of the co-current spray section; The packing area comprises a packing filling area, and a packing pressure plate and a packing support plate are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the packing filling area. A flue gas feed port is arranged on one side wall of the gas distributor, and a liquid discharge port is arranged on the other side.

[0008] Further, the absorbent diluter includes an absorbent concentration analysis chamber, an absorbent storage chamber, a solvent storage chamber and an absorbent dilution chamber; The absorbent concentration analysis chamber, absorbent storage chamber and solvent storage chamber are located at the same height, arranged in sequence, fixed by slots on all sides, and supported by partitions at the bottom; the absorbent dilution chamber is located below the partition, fixed by slots on all sides, and provided with a support plate at the bottom; An absorbent feed pipe is provided on one side of the absorbent concentration analysis chamber, and the absorbent feed pipe is connected to the absorbent outlet of the co-current spray section. An absorbent feed port is provided at the bottom of the absorbent concentration analysis chamber, and an electric stop valve is provided in the absorbent feed port. A vent is provided on one side wall of the absorbent outlet, and an electric stop valve is provided in the vent. An absorbent discharge port is provided on the top of the inner side of the absorbent concentration analysis chamber near the absorbent storage chamber, and an electric stop valve is provided in the absorbent discharge port. A mass sensor is arranged at the bottom of the absorbent concentration analysis chamber, and the mass sensor is embedded in the groove of the partition plate. A float type liquid level sensor is arranged in the absorbent concentration analysis chamber.

[0009] The bottoms of the absorbent storage chamber and the solvent storage chamber are respectively provided with outlets connected to the absorbent dilution chamber, and electric flow regulating valve 1 and electric flow regulating valve 2 are respectively provided in the outlets. The electric flow regulating valve 1 and the electric flow regulating valve 2 are respectively electrically connected to the PLC controller, and the top of the side wall of the solvent storage chamber is provided with a solvent storage chamber feed port and an electric flow regulating valve.

[0010] A magnetic stirrer is arranged at the bottom of the absorbent dilution chamber, a discharge port is arranged at one side of the bottom of the absorbent dilution chamber, and an electric flow regulating valve is arranged.

[0011] The carbon dioxide analysis section includes a cavity three, in which a tower top condenser, a tower top gas-liquid flash evaporator, a gas-liquid mass transfer zone, a tower bottom reboiler and a tower bottom gas-liquid flash evaporator are arranged from top to bottom; an absorbent analysis buffer chamber is arranged on one side of the cavity three; The tower top condenser is located at the top of the decomposition section. The top of the tower top condenser is provided with a shell side hot end inlet, and the bottom is provided with a shell side cold end outlet. The shell side hot end inlet is connected to the gas discharge pipeline above the gas-liquid mass transfer zone, and the shell side cold end outlet is connected to the feed port of the tower top gas-liquid flash evaporator. The hot and cold section inlets and outlets of the tower top condenser tube side are connected to the public works. The gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid flash evaporator at the top of the tower is connected to a carbon dioxide outlet pipeline, and the liquid phase outlet is connected to the liquid phase inlet at the top of the gas-liquid mass transfer zone; The gas-liquid mass transfer zone is composed of tower plates for gas-liquid mass transfer; the discharge port of the absorbent analysis buffer chamber is connected to the best tower plate of the gas-liquid mass transfer zone through a pipeline, the liquid discharge port of the packing section is connected to the feed port of the absorbent analysis buffer chamber through a pipeline, and the discharge port of the absorbent analysis buffer chamber is provided with an electric stop valve; The cold end outlet of the tube side of the tower bottom reboiler is connected to the liquid phase outlet below the gas-liquid mass transfer zone, the hot end outlet of the tube side is connected to the feed inlet of the gas-liquid flash evaporator at the bottom of the tower, and the cold and hot section inlets and outlets of the shell side of the tower bottom reboiler are connected to the public works; The liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid flash evaporator at the bottom of the tower is connected to the absorbent outlet pipeline of the decomposition section, the absorbent outlet pipeline of the decomposition section is connected to the absorbent delivery pump, and the discharge port of the absorbent delivery pump is connected to the absorbent delivery pipe of the co-current spray section.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention provides a multifunctional and efficient carbon dioxide absorber, in which the absorption section adopts co-current spray and traditional fillers, and the integrated design of the spray tower and the filler tower reduces the size of the carbon dioxide absorber. By adopting the co-current spray tower as the main absorption unit, the absorber can achieve higher carbon dioxide removal efficiency and significantly reduce the amount of fillers required for traditional absorbers. The use of expensive fillers is reduced, which is expected to reduce capital costs.

[0013] 2. The present invention provides a multifunctional and efficient carbon dioxide absorber. The absorbent diluter between the spray section and the packing area can reduce the absorbent concentration flowing from the spray tower to the packing tower. Therefore, the spray tower can use a higher concentration of absorbent. The increase in absorbent concentration can increase the total mass transfer coefficient on the gas side, thereby improving the absorption efficiency. The absorbent diluter can dilute the absorbent concentration flowing through the packing tower and control it at the highest economic benefit concentration, thereby improving the carbon dioxide removal efficiency and reducing packing corrosion.

[0014] 3. The present invention provides a multifunctional and efficient carbon dioxide absorber, an integrated design of an absorption tower and an analysis tower, which greatly improves the cycle efficiency of the absorption-analysis-absorption process. Compared with the traditional absorption and analysis process where multiple towers are used for separate treatment, the design concept of one tower with multiple uses in the present invention reduces the material transportation pipeline between the absorption equipment and the analysis equipment, reduces energy loss, and reduces capital costs. The absorbent diluter and the analysis tower work together, and the absorbent concentration reduced by the diluter is re-concentrated into a high-concentration absorbent at the same time as the analysis is completed, and circulated back to the top of the spray tower for repeated use, completing self-circulation in the reactor, reducing operating costs and improving economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the parallel flow spray section; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the packing section structure; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the absorbent diluter structure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the carbon dioxide analysis section; Among them: 1-reactor body; 2-cocurrent spray section; 3-filling section; 4-carbon dioxide analysis section; 5-flue gas feed pipe; 6-gas distributor; 7-absorbent delivery pipe; 8-double nozzle; 9-purified flue gas discharge pipe; 10-absorbent outlet; 11-absorbent feed pipe; 12-absorbent diluter; 13-liquid distributor; 14-filling area; 15-gas distributor; 16-gas discharge port; 17-filling pressure plate; 18-filling filling area; 19-filling support plate; 20-flue gas feed port; 21-liquid discharge port; 22-absorbent concentration analysis chamber; 23-absorbent storage chamber; 24-solvent Storage chamber; 25-absorbent dilution chamber; 26-absorbent feed port; 27-vent; 28-absorbent discharge port; 29-mass sensor; 30-electric flow control valve 1; 31-solvent storage chamber feed port; 32-electric flow control valve 2; 33-PLC controller; 34-magnetic agitator; 35-discharge port; 36-tower top condenser; 37-tower top gas-liquid flash evaporator; 38-gas-liquid mass transfer zone; 39-tower bottom reboiler; 40-tower bottom gas-liquid flash evaporator; 41-absorbent outlet pipeline of analysis section; 42-carbon dioxide outlet pipeline; 43-absorbent analysis buffer chamber; 44-float type liquid level sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a multifunctional and efficient carbon dioxide absorber, the upper part of the reactor is a co-current spray section 2 for carbon dioxide capture, the middle part is a packing section 3 for countercurrent carbon dioxide absorption, and the lower part is a carbon dioxide desorption section 4. The absorbent passes through the co-current spray section 2, the packing section 3 and the carbon dioxide desorption section 4 in sequence under the action of gravity.

[0018] The parallel flow spray section 2 comprises a flue gas feed pipe 5, a gas distributor 6, an absorbent delivery pipe 7, a double nozzle 8 and an evolved flue gas discharge pipe 9 and an absorbent outlet 10 at the bottom.

[0019] The flue gas from the packed tower enters the top of the co-current spray section 2 from the flue gas feed pipe 5, and then passes through the gas distributor 6, so that the gas flows downward evenly. The absorbent delivery pipe 7 enters from the center of the top of the spray tower, extends to below the gas distributor 6, and is connected to a double nozzle 8 at the end, which guides the high-concentration absorbent from both sides. The gas inlet is close to the nozzle, which will cause the gas flow near the nozzle to increase, so that the shear stress applied to the droplet surface increases. This enhanced shear stress increases the internal circulation of the liquid, thereby increasing the mass transfer rate through the liquid membrane. The flue gas has obvious turbulence near the nozzle tip, which greatly accelerates the absorption of carbon dioxide by the liquid. The spray section is the main absorption unit, absorbing the remaining 70% of carbon dioxide.

[0020] The evolved smoke outlet is connected to the evolved smoke outlet pipe 9 at the lower side wall of the spray section. The evolved smoke flows out from the outlet along the pipeline.

[0021] The absorbent outlet 10 is at the bottom of the spray section away from the evolved flue gas outlet. The absorbent outlet 10 is an inverted truncated cone structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, which can gather droplets and play a certain role in liquid sealing. The bottom end of the absorbent outlet 10 is connected to the absorbent feed pipe 11 of the packing section 3. High-concentration absorbent flows out from the absorbent outlet 10 and flows into the absorbent diluter 12 of the packing section 3 along the absorbent feed pipe 11 of the packing section 3.

[0022] The packing section 3 comprises an absorbent diluter 12 , a liquid distributor 13 , a packing area 14 , a gas distributor 15 , a flue gas feed port 20 , and a gas discharge port 16 .

[0023] The flue gas feed port 20 is located below the packing section 3 and is connected to the gas distributor 15. The flue gas first enters from the flue gas feed port 20, then passes through the gas distributor 15, flows upward evenly, and passes through the packing area 14 above the gas distributor 15. About 30% of the carbon dioxide is absorbed by the packing area.

[0024] The gas outlet 16 is located on the side wall of the reactor between the liquid distributor 13 and the absorbent diluter 12, and is connected to the flue gas feed pipe 5 of the co-current spray section 2. The initially absorbed flue gas flows out from the gas outlet 16 through the flue gas feed pipe 5 of the spray section and enters the spray section for further absorption.

[0025] The absorbent diluter 12 includes an absorbent concentration analysis chamber 22, an absorbent storage chamber 23, a solvent storage chamber 24, and an absorbent dilution chamber 25. The absorbent concentration analysis chamber 22, the absorbent storage chamber 23, and the solvent storage chamber 24 are located at the same height, arranged in sequence, fixed by slots on all sides, and can be independently installed and disassembled, and the bottom is supported by a partition. The absorbent dilution chamber 25 is located below the partition, fixed by slots on all sides, and can be disassembled, and a support plate is provided at the bottom.

[0026] The absorbent concentration analysis chamber 22 includes: an absorbent feed port 26 , a vent port 27 , an absorbent discharge port 28 , a quality sensor 29 , and a float type liquid level sensor 44 .

[0027] The absorbent feed port 26 is located at the bottom side wall outside the absorbent concentration analysis chamber 22, connected to the absorbent feed pipe 11, and provided with an electric stop valve. The high-concentration absorbent from the packing section 3 enters the absorbent concentration analysis chamber 22 from the absorbent feed port 26 along the absorbent feed pipe 11.

[0028] The vent 27 is located on one side of the absorbent feed pipe 11 close to the outer wall of the reactor and is provided with an electric shut-off valve, which can be used to exhaust the absorbent in the absorbent concentration analysis chamber 22 in special circumstances.

[0029] A mass sensor 29 is installed at the bottom of the absorbent concentration analysis chamber 22. The mass sensor 29 is embedded in the inner groove of the partition and is integrated with the bottom of the absorbent concentration analysis chamber 22. The float type liquid level sensor 44 floats above the liquid surface inside the absorbent concentration analysis chamber 22. The mass sensor 29 and the liquid level sensor 44 work together to analyze the absorbent concentration flowing through the absorbent concentration analysis chamber 22 in real time through computer calculation.

[0030] The absorbent discharge port 28 is located on the top side wall of the absorbent concentration analysis chamber 22, is connected to the feed port of the absorbent storage chamber 23, and is provided with an electric stop valve. High concentration absorbent flows out from the absorbent discharge port 28 and enters the absorbent storage chamber 23 for storage.

[0031] The absorbent storage chamber 23 is between the absorbent concentration analysis chamber 22 and the solvent storage chamber 24. The absorbent storage chamber 23 has a discharge port at the bottom thereof and is connected to the absorbent dilution chamber 25. An electric flow regulating valve 30 is also provided.

[0032] The solvent storage chamber 24 is on the other side of the absorbent storage chamber 23. The solvent storage chamber feed port 31 is located at the upper end of the inner wall outside the solvent storage chamber 24 and is connected to the solvent feed pipe outside the reactor, and is provided with an electric flow control valve. The absorbent solvent enters the solvent storage chamber 24 along the solvent feed pipe from the solvent storage chamber feed port 31 for storage. The discharge port is located at the bottom center of the solvent storage chamber 24, is connected to the absorbent dilution chamber 25, and is provided with an electric flow control valve 2 32.

[0033] The electric flow regulating valve 1 30 and the electric flow regulating valve 2 32 are electrically connected to the PLC controller 33. After computer calculation and analysis, the flow regulating valve is controlled by the PLC controller 33 so that the absorbent and the solvent enter the absorbent dilution chamber 25 according to a suitable flow ratio, so that the absorbent flowing through the packing area 14 is adjusted to the optimal economic efficiency concentration.

[0034] The absorbent dilution chamber 25 is located below the partition, and has two feed ports on the top, which are connected to the discharge ports of the absorbent storage chamber 23 and the solvent storage chamber 24 respectively. A magnetic stirrer 34 is installed at the bottom. The discharge port 35 of the absorbent dilution chamber 25 is at the bottom, and is equipped with an electric flow regulating valve. The high-concentration solution and solvent entering the absorbent dilution chamber 25 are mixed by the magnetic stirrer 34 to become a low-concentration absorbent, and flow out from the discharge port 35 and enter the liquid distributor 13 along the pipeline.

[0035] The liquid distributor 13 is located below the absorbent dilution chamber 25 and is connected to the discharge port of the absorbent dilution chamber 25 through a pipeline. The low-concentration absorbent enters the packing area 14 through the liquid distributor 13 .

[0036] The liquid outlet 21 of the packing section 3 is located on the reactor side wall opposite to the gas distributor 13 and is connected to the absorbent decomposition buffer chamber 43 by a pipeline. An electric stop valve is provided at the outlet of the absorbent decomposition buffer chamber 43. The low-concentration absorbent flows out of the liquid outlet 21 and enters the absorbent decomposition buffer chamber 43.

[0037] The carbon dioxide analysis section 5 includes a tower top condenser 36 , a tower top gas-liquid flash evaporator 37 , a gas-liquid mass transfer zone 38 , a tower bottom reboiler 39 , and a tower bottom gas-liquid flash evaporator 40 .

[0038] The gas-liquid mass transfer zone 38 is composed of tower plates for gas-liquid mass transfer. The outlet of the absorbent analysis buffer chamber 43 is connected to the optimal feed plate of the gas-liquid mass transfer zone 38 through a pipeline. The absorbent enters the analysis section from the optimal feed plate.

[0039] The decomposed carbon dioxide flows out from the gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid flash evaporator 37 at the top of the tower. The diluted low-concentration absorbent is concentrated again into a high-concentration absorbent after the decomposition is completed, and flows out from the liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid flash evaporator 40 at the bottom of the tower. It is recirculated back to the spray section along the absorbent delivery pipe 7 of the spray section through the absorbent delivery pump.

[0040] The present invention solves the problem that the traditional packed tower is easily corroded by the absorbent, resulting in the limited absorbent concentration, alleviates the clogging problem of the traditional packed tower, enhances the absorption process, and improves economic benefits. At the same time, the integrated design of the absorption tower and the analytical tower greatly improves the cycle efficiency of the absorption-analysis-absorption process.

Claims

1. A multifunctional and efficient carbon dioxide absorption reactor, characterized in that: The reactor body (1) comprises a reactor body (1), wherein the reactor body (1) is provided with a co-current spraying section (2) for carbon dioxide capture, a packing section (3) for counter-current carbon dioxide absorption, and a carbon dioxide desorption section (4) from top to bottom.

2. A multifunctional and efficient carbon dioxide absorption reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parallel flow spray section (2) comprises a cavity one, a gas distributor (6) is arranged in the cavity one, a flue gas feed pipe (5) is arranged at the top of the side wall of the cavity one, the gas distributor (6) is located at the bottom of the pipe opening of the flue gas feed pipe (5), an absorbent delivery pipe (7) is passed through the top of the cavity one, the pipe opening of the absorbent delivery pipe (7) extends below the gas distributor (6) and is connected to a double nozzle (8); A purified flue gas discharge pipe (9) is provided at the bottom of the other side wall of the cavity one, and an absorbent outlet (10) is provided at the bottom of the cavity one. The absorbent outlet (10) is in the shape of an inverted frustum.

3. A multifunctional and efficient carbon dioxide absorption reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The packing section (3) comprises a second cavity, wherein an absorbent diluter (12), a liquid distributor (13), a packing area (14) and a gas distributor (15) are arranged from top to bottom in the second cavity, and a gas outlet (16) is arranged on the side wall between the absorbent diluter (12) and the liquid distributor (13), and the gas outlet (16) is communicated with a flue gas feed pipe (5) of the co-current spray section (2); The packing area (14) comprises a packing filling area (18), and a packing pressure plate (17) and a packing support plate (19) are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the packing filling area (18); a flue gas feed port (20) is provided on one side wall of the gas distributor (15), and a liquid discharge port (21) is provided on the other side.

4. A multifunctional and efficient carbon dioxide absorption reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The absorbent diluter (12) comprises an absorbent concentration analysis chamber (22), an absorbent storage chamber (23), a solvent storage chamber (24) and an absorbent dilution chamber (25); The absorbent concentration analysis chamber (22), the absorbent storage chamber (23) and the solvent storage chamber (24) are located at the same height, arranged in sequence, fixed by slots on all sides, and supported by a partition at the bottom; the absorbent dilution chamber (25) is located below the partition, fixed by slots on all sides, and provided with a support plate at the bottom; An absorbent feed pipe (11) is provided on one side of the absorbent concentration analysis chamber (22), and the absorbent feed pipe (11) is connected to the absorbent outlet (10) of the co-current spray section (2). An absorbent feed port (26) is provided at the bottom of the absorbent concentration analysis chamber (22), and an electric stop valve is provided in the absorbent feed port (26). A vent (27) is provided on a side wall of one side of the absorbent outlet (10), and an electric stop valve is provided in the vent (27). An absorbent discharge port (28) is provided on the top of the inner side of the absorbent concentration analysis chamber (22) near the absorbent storage chamber (23), and an electric stop valve is provided in the absorbent discharge port (28); A mass sensor (29) is provided at the bottom of the absorbent concentration analysis chamber (22), and the mass sensor (29) is embedded in the groove of the partition plate. A float-type liquid level sensor (44) is provided in the absorbent concentration analysis chamber (22).

5. A multifunctional and efficient carbon dioxide absorption reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the absorbent storage chamber (23) and the bottom of the solvent storage chamber (24) are respectively provided with outlets connected to the absorbent dilution chamber (25), and the outlets are respectively provided with electric flow control valve 1 (30) and electric flow control valve 2 (32), and the electric flow control valve 1 (30) and the electric flow control valve 2 (32) are respectively electrically connected to the PLC controller (33), and the top of the side wall of the solvent storage chamber (24) is provided with a solvent storage chamber feed port (31) and an electric flow control valve; A magnetic stirrer (34) is provided at the bottom of the absorbent dilution chamber (25), a discharge port (35) is provided at one side of the bottom of the absorbent dilution chamber (25), and an electric flow regulating valve is provided.

6. A multifunctional and efficient carbon dioxide absorption reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide desorption section (4) comprises a cavity three, in which a tower top condenser (36), a tower top gas-liquid flash evaporator (37), a gas-liquid mass transfer zone (38), a tower bottom reboiler (39) and a tower bottom gas-liquid flash evaporator (40) are arranged from top to bottom; an absorbent desorption buffer chamber (43) is arranged on one side of the cavity three; The tower top condenser (36) is located at the top of the carbon dioxide desorption section (4). A shell side hot end inlet is provided at the top of the tower top condenser (36), and a shell side cold end outlet is provided at the bottom. The shell side hot end inlet is connected to the gas discharge pipeline above the gas-liquid mass transfer zone (38), and the shell side cold end outlet is connected to the feed port of the tower top gas-liquid flash evaporator (37). The hot and cold section inlets and outlets of the tower top condenser (36) tube side are connected to the public works. The gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid flash evaporator (37) at the top of the tower is connected to a carbon dioxide outlet pipeline (42), and the liquid phase outlet is connected to a liquid phase inlet at the top of the gas-liquid mass transfer zone (38); The gas-liquid mass transfer zone (38) is composed of tower plates for gas-liquid mass transfer; the discharge port of the absorbent analysis buffer chamber (43) is connected to the best tower plate of the gas-liquid mass transfer zone (38) through a pipeline, the liquid discharge port of the packing section (3) is connected to the feed port of the absorbent analysis buffer chamber (43) through a pipeline, and the discharge port of the absorbent analysis buffer chamber (43) is provided with an electric stop valve; The cold end outlet of the tube side of the tower bottom reboiler (39) is connected to the liquid phase outlet below the gas-liquid mass transfer zone (38), the hot end outlet of the tube side is connected to the feed inlet of the tower bottom gas-liquid flash evaporator (40), and the cold and hot section inlets and outlets of the shell side of the tower bottom reboiler (39) are connected to the public works; The liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid flash evaporator (40) at the bottom of the tower is connected to the decomposition section absorbent outlet pipeline (41), the decomposition section absorbent outlet pipeline (41) is connected to an absorbent delivery pump, and the discharge port of the absorbent delivery pump is connected to the absorbent delivery pipe (7) of the co-current spray section (2).

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