Ultrasonic-assisted melt-brazing type thread spin-riveting welding device and ultrasonic-assisted melt-brazing type thread spin-riveting welding method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of plate welding, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic-assisted melt-brazing type thread spin riveting welding device and method, which do not need to drill holes in advance during operation, are high in operation efficiency and automation degree and wide in weldable plate range, and meanwhile, introduces ultrasonic vibration to remarkably improve the microstructure of a joint and realize spin riveting welding of high-strength and hard plates. In addition, high-performance composite spin riveting welding connection of mechanical riveting, brazing connection and solid-phase welding can be achieved in one step through the specially-designed melt-brazed threaded rivet, and the mechanical property, the service reliability and the like of a connector are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plate welding, and in particular to an ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing threaded riveting welding device and method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of key manufacturing fields such as aerospace and automobiles, in order to meet the safety of components and meet the increasingly stringent requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction, lightweight metal materials such as aluminum alloys and high-strength steel are widely used in the manufacture of high-performance components. The mixed use of multiple materials and multiple structures has become an inevitable trend in the development of high-performance component manufacturing technology. Through the welding and connection of heterogeneous metal materials, the performance combination advantages of different materials can be fully utilized, greatly improving the design and production flexibility of components, while meeting the functional and performance requirements of components.

[0003] However, the physical and metallurgical chemical properties of heterogeneous metal materials vary greatly, which poses a huge challenge to the welding and connection technology of heterogeneous metal structures. Traditional welding methods usually have difficulty in achieving high-performance metallurgical bonding of heterogeneous metals, and are also accompanied by the generation of toxic and harmful gases and light pollution; although adhesive bonding can be used for heterogeneous metal connections, the solidification time of adhesive joints is long and the connection efficiency is low. At the same time, there are limitations such as poor impact resistance, easy sudden failure, and low safety; self-piercing riveting is difficult to connect harder plates and is prone to damage, and it is difficult to ensure performance reliability under extreme service conditions; the heat generated by the friction of traditional rotary rivets may be difficult to soften high-strength and high-hardness metal plates, resulting in deformation or even breakage of rivets during the connection process. In addition, during the high-speed rotation and penetration of the rivet, material accumulation will occur, and the connection effect is poor. All of the above limit its application under certain requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides an ultrasonically assisted fusion brazing threaded riveting welding device and method to meet the needs of fast and efficient welding of plates, while significantly improving the microstructure of the joint and realizing "mechanical riveting-brazing connection-solid phase welding" high-performance composite riveting welding, greatly improving the mechanical properties and service performance of the joint, thereby solving the problems of weak bonding ability of a single welding interface of heterogeneous metal plates, low welding strength, difficulty in ensuring service performance, coarse welded joint structure, poor plasticity and toughness, difficulty in filling welds, and poor sealing.

[0005] To this end, according to one aspect of the present application, an ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding device is provided, comprising: A bearing assembly, comprising a workbench and a lifting mechanism arranged on the workbench; A carrier, which is arranged at a driving end of the lifting mechanism and can move up and down under the drive of the lifting mechanism to approach and move away from the workbench; An installation cylinder is vertically arranged on the carrier; A rotary riveting transmission rod comprises a rod body movably inserted into the installation cylinder and a rotary riveting chuck arranged at the lower end of the rod body; A melting-pipe threaded rivet is located at the lower end of the installation cylinder, and the rotary riveting transmission rod can move axially and rotate circumferentially relative to the installation cylinder to drive the melting-pipe threaded rivet to rotate and advance; A cylinder driving assembly connected to the upper end of the rotary riveting driving rod and used to drive the rotary riveting driving rod to move axially; A rotation drive assembly is connected to the upper end of the rotary riveting transmission rod and is used to drive the rotary riveting transmission rod to rotate circumferentially; an ultrasonic auxiliary component, connected to the rotary drive component, and used to apply ultrasonic vibrations in the axial and radial directions to the rotary riveting drive rod; and The controller is used to control the operation of the lifting mechanism, the rotary drive assembly, the cylinder drive assembly and the ultrasonic auxiliary assembly.

[0006] According to another aspect of the present application, an ultrasonic-assisted brazing threaded riveting welding method is provided, using the ultrasonic-assisted brazing threaded riveting welding device as described above, comprising the following steps: S1. The upper and lower metal plates to be welded are stacked on the workbench, and the controller controls the lifting mechanism to drive the rotary rivet transmission rod to descend, so as to locate the position of the rotary rivet welding point; S2. The controller controls the actions of the rotary drive assembly and the cylinder drive assembly to drive the rivet drive rod to rotate and move downward; during the rotation and downward advancement of the rivet drive rod, the rivet chuck cooperates to screw into the head clamping area of ​​the brazing threaded rivet and clamps it, and then drives the brazing threaded rivet to rotate and advance; during the continued advancement, the end thread feed area begins to penetrate at the plate rivet welding point, and the ultrasonic auxiliary assembly starts to work and applies axial ultrasonic vibration; S3. When the end thread feed zone penetrates the upper plate and begins to contact the lower plate, the ultrasonic auxiliary component begins to apply radial coupled ultrasonic vibration; when the preset downward pressure of the head clamping zone is reached, the cylinder drive component stops moving, the spin riveting chuck stops feeding in the axial direction, and the shoulder thread brazing zone with thread stirring texture performs continuous rotational friction heating on the metal material enclosed below the head clamping zone for a certain period of time, so that the metal plate around the brazing threaded rivet reaches a plasticized state and plastic flow occurs in the closed cavity; so that the lower plate and the end thread feed zone form a dense solid phase weld under extrusion, the upper plate wraps and embeds the brazing threaded rivet and forms a mechanical connection, and at the same time the brazing material melts due to high temperature and fills the gap between the mechanical connection with the help of capillary action, finally forming a mechanical riveting, brazing connection and solid phase welding between the metal plates; S4. After the spin riveting welding is completed, the ultrasonic auxiliary component stops working, and the controller controls the rotary drive component and the cylinder drive component to move in the opposite direction, driving the spin riveting transmission rod to reverse and rise, and the spin riveting chuck is screwed out of the head clamping area of ​​the fusion-piercing threaded rivet to achieve the resetting of the spin riveting transmission rod.

[0007] The ultrasonic-assisted brazing threaded riveting welding device and method provided in the present application have the following beneficial effects: (1) The ultrasonic-assisted fusion-brazing threaded riveting welding device provided by the present invention can realize an automatic and orderly riveting welding process without pre-drilling process by means of the cooperation of the bearing assembly, the mounting cylinder, the riveting transmission rod, the fusion-brazing threaded rivet, the cylinder driving assembly, the rotating driving assembly and the ultrasonic-assisted assembly, thereby significantly improving the work efficiency and reducing the operation cost of the operation process; (2) When the present invention is used for connecting plates, it is not necessary to drill holes in advance, and it does not require complex drilling components. It has high operating efficiency and automation. During operation, a melting-pipe threaded rivet is used to penetrate the upper plate. The end of the melting-pipe threaded rivet contacts the lower plate, and the metal material enclosed under the shaft shoulder is subjected to continuous rotation and friction heating for a certain period of time. The lower plate and the end of the melting-pipe threaded rivet form a dense solid-phase weld under the extrusion action, which also makes the requirements for the downward pressure applied during the operation higher; the use of a cylinder drive component can use compressed air to generate a larger downward thrust, with a higher thrust output. At the same time, the pneumatic system usually has a higher power-to-weight ratio. Compared with an electric drive system of the same volume, the cylinder can provide a larger output power, so that it performs well in a high-load environment; the cylinder drive system is relatively simple and stable, and does not require a complex motor reduction device and transmission device, which makes the system more reliable and reduces the failure rate; (3) The present invention combines the characteristics of ultrasonic assistance, melting brazing threaded rivets and rotary friction during operation, effectively reducing the resistance to plastic deformation of metals, solving the problem that high-strength and hard plates with poor plastic toughness are difficult to form during the rotary riveting welding process and rivets are prone to cracking. The invention can realize the rotary riveting welding of the same and different metal plates, and has a wide range of material types. At the same time, it improves the microstructure of the joint and significantly enhances the strength and quality of the plate rotary riveting welding. In addition, the rotary riveting welding process does not emit toxic and harmful gases, which is more in line with the current green manufacturing requirements. (4) The present invention can realize high-performance composite rotary riveting welding of "mechanical riveting-brazing connection-solid phase welding" in one step through the fusion brazing threaded rivet, which greatly improves the mechanical properties and service performance of the joint, and can effectively solve the problems of weak bonding ability of a single welding interface of heterogeneous metal plates, low welding strength, difficulty in ensuring service performance, coarse welded joint structure, poor plasticity and toughness, and difficulty in filling and poor sealing of welds.

[0008] Other beneficial effects of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0010] in: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an ultrasonic-assisted melting brazing type threaded riveting welding device shown in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower end of the inner part of the installation cylinder in the ultrasonic-assisted melting brazing threaded riveting welding device shown in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the connection between the mounting cylinder and the carrier in an ultrasonic-assisted melting brazing threaded riveting welding device shown in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rivet transmission rod in an ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing threaded rivet welding device shown in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a cylinder driving assembly in an ultrasonic-assisted brazing-type threaded riveting welding device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the ultrasonic auxiliary component and the rotary drive component in the ultrasonic auxiliary melting brazing threaded riveting welding device shown in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 7It is a schematic structural diagram of a melting brazing threaded rivet in an ultrasonic-assisted melting brazing threaded riveting welding device shown in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 It is a schematic flow chart of an ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing threaded riveting welding method shown in an embodiment of the present application.

[0011] Description of main component symbols: 1. Carrying assembly; 101. Workbench; 102. Lifting mechanism; 103. Carrier; 104. Upper plate; 105. Lower plate; 2. Installing cylinder; 3. Fine adjustment assembly; 301. Hand wheel; 302. Worm; 303. Worm wheel; 304. Rack; 4. Riveting drive rod; 401. Rod body; 402. Riveting chuck; 403. Guide key; 404. Fixing screw; 5. Cylinder drive assembly; 501. Cylinder body; 502. Cylinder upper cover; 503. Cylinder lower cover; 504. Cylinder piston; 505. First air cavity; 506. Second air cavity; 507. First sealing ring; 508. Second sealing ring; 509. Third sealing ring; 510. Fourth sealing ring; 511. Fifth sealing ring Sealing ring; 512, tapered roller bearing; 6, rotary drive assembly; 601, rotary motor; 602, coupling; 603, flat key; 604, shaft pin; 7, ultrasonic auxiliary assembly; 701, first transducer; 702, first connecting unit; 703, second transducer; 704, second connecting unit; 705, third transducer; 706, third connecting unit; 707, amplitude transformer; 8, brazing thread rivet; 801, head clamping area; 802, shoulder thread brazing area; 803, end thread feeding area; 804, tooth texture; 805, thread stirring texture; 806, brazing material; 807, rivet supply belt; 9, controller; A, solid phase weld; B, mechanical interlocking; C, brazing connection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more comprehensively with reference to the relevant drawings below. The preferred embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many other different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0013] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0014] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0015] In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0016] The embodiment of the present application provides an ultrasonic assisted brazing thread riveting welding device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a bearing assembly 1, a carrier 103, a mounting cylinder 2, a rivet drive rod 4, a melt-piercing threaded rivet 8, a cylinder drive assembly 5, a rotation drive assembly 6, an ultrasonic auxiliary assembly 7 and a controller 9. The bearing assembly 1 includes a workbench 101 and a lifting mechanism 102 arranged on the workbench 101. The carrier 103 is arranged at the driving end of the lifting mechanism 102 and can move up and down under the drive of the lifting mechanism 102 to approach and move away from the workbench 101. The mounting cylinder 2 is vertically arranged on the carrier 103. The rivet drive rod 4 includes a rod body 401 movably inserted into the mounting cylinder 2 and a rivet chuck 402 arranged at the lower end of the rod body 401. The melt-piercing threaded rivet 8 is located at the lower end of the mounting cylinder 2, and the rivet drive rod 4 can move axially and rotate circumferentially relative to the mounting cylinder 2 to drive the melt-piercing threaded rivet 8 to rotate and advance. The cylinder drive assembly 5 is connected to the upper end of the spin riveting drive rod 4 and is used to drive the spin riveting drive rod 4 to move axially. The rotation drive assembly 6 is connected to the upper end of the spin riveting drive rod 4 and is used to drive the spin riveting drive rod 4 to rotate circumferentially. The ultrasonic auxiliary assembly 7 is connected to the rotation drive assembly 6 and is used to apply ultrasonic vibration in the axial and radial directions to the spin riveting drive rod 4. The controller 9 is used to control the operation of the lifting mechanism 102, the rotation drive assembly 6, the cylinder drive assembly 5 and the ultrasonic auxiliary assembly 7.

[0017] When in use, press the control button of the controller 9 to control the cylinder drive assembly 5, the rotary drive assembly 6, the ultrasonic auxiliary assembly 7 and the rotary riveting welding position. By controlling the lifting mechanism 102 to descend, the position of the rotary riveting welding point of the plate is positioned. By controlling the cylinder drive assembly 5 and the rotary drive assembly 6 to work, the rotary riveting transmission rod 4 obtains a positive circular rotation and an axial forward movement, and the rotary riveting chuck 402 at the lower end of the rotary riveting transmission rod 4 is screwed into the melting brazing threaded rivet 8, driving the melting brazing threaded rivet 8 to rotate and advance. In the process of the melting brazing threaded rivet 8 advancing into the plate and completing the rotational friction, the ultrasonic auxiliary assembly 7 continuously applies ultrasonic vibration assistance. After reaching the preset parameters, the controller 9 controls the ultrasonic auxiliary assembly 7 to stop working, the cylinder drive assembly 5 retreats, and the rotary drive assembly 6 rotates in the opposite direction, completing the rotary riveting process and returning to position smoothly.

[0018] It should be noted that in the related art, there is a method of first drilling holes in the plate and then connecting the plate through a riveting process. It is provided with a special front drill assembly for drilling holes. During the welding process, the friction between the rivet and the surrounding hole wall generates heat to produce solid-phase welding, so the requirement for applying downward pressure during the welding process is small. Compared with the prior art, the present invention does not require pre-drilling when connecting the plates, does not require complex drilling assemblies, and has high operating efficiency and automation. During operation, a melting brazing threaded rivet 8 is used to penetrate the upper plate 104. The end of the rivet contacts the lower plate, and the metal material enclosed under the shoulder is subjected to continuous rotation and friction heating for a certain period of time. The lower plate and the end of the melting brazing threaded rivet 8 form a dense solid-phase weld under the extrusion action, which also makes the requirement for applying downward pressure during the operation higher. Therefore, in this application, a cylinder drive assembly 5 is used to achieve the advancement of the melting brazing threaded rivet 8: 1. The use of the cylinder drive assembly 5 can generate a larger downward thrust using compressed air, and has a higher thrust output. At the same time, the pneumatic system usually has a higher power-to-weight ratio. Compared with the electric drive system of the same volume, the cylinder can provide greater output power, making it perform well in a high-load environment; 2. The use of the cylinder drive assembly 5 can achieve rapid start and stop, which is more suitable for high-load operations that require frequent movement and positioning. At the same time, the cylinder drive will not have overheating problems during long-term operation, so that it can work stably in high temperature or harsh environments, and will not cause performance degradation due to temperature increase. Compared with the linear motor drive system, it can better adapt to continuous operation under high-load conditions; 3. The cylinder drive system is relatively simple and stable, and does not require complex motor reduction devices and transmission devices, which makes the system more reliable and reduces the failure rate.

[0019] In the embodiment of the present application, the ultrasonic-assisted fusion-brazing threaded riveting welding device, through the cooperation of the bearing component 1, the mounting cylinder 2, the riveting transmission rod 4, the fusion-brazing threaded rivet 8, the cylinder drive component 5, the rotary drive component 6 and the ultrasonic-assisted component 7, can realize the automatic and orderly riveting welding process without pre-drilling process, significantly improve the work efficiency of the operation process and reduce the operation cost; during operation, the characteristics of ultrasonic assistance, fusion-brazing threaded rivet 8 and rotary friction are combined to effectively reduce the resistance to plastic deformation of the metal, solve the problem that high-strength and hard plates with poor plastic toughness are difficult to form during the riveting welding process and rivets are prone to cracks, and can realize the riveting welding of the same and different metal plates, with a wide range of material types, while improving the microstructure of the joint, significantly enhancing the strength and quality of the plate riveting welding, and in addition, the riveting welding process does not emit toxic and harmful gases, which is more in line with the current green manufacturing requirements.

[0020] In one embodiment, if Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the brazing threaded rivet 8 to be installed is placed at the lower end of the installation cylinder 2, and the rivet supply belt 807 is connected to the lower end of the installation cylinder 2, wherein a plurality of brazing threaded rivets 8 are stored, and the brazing threaded rivets 8 are sequentially transported to the interior of the installation cylinder 2 for subsequent installation. The rear end of the rod body 401 penetrates and is connected to the cylinder drive assembly 5. The riveting chuck 402 can move downward under the drive of the rod body 401 to drive the brazing threaded rivet 8 to rotate, advance, etc.

[0021] As shown in FIG3 , a fine-tuning assembly 3 is provided between the mounting cylinder 2 and the carrier 103 , and the fine-tuning assembly 3 is used to adjust the vertical distance between the lower end of the mounting cylinder 2 and the carrier 103 , thereby accurately adjusting the position of the rotary riveting welding point.

[0022] Specifically, a mounting hole is provided on the carrier 103, and the mounting cylinder 2 slides through the mounting hole. The fine-tuning assembly 3 includes a rack 304, a worm wheel 303, a worm 302, and a handwheel 301. The rack 304 is vertically fixed to the outer wall of the mounting cylinder 2, the worm wheel 303 is rotatably provided on the carrier 103 and meshed with the rack 304, the worm 302 is rotatably provided on the carrier 103 and meshed with the worm wheel 303, and the handwheel 301 is fixed to one axial end of the worm 302; by rotating the handwheel 301, the worm 302 drives the worm wheel 303 to rotate, and the worm wheel 303 drives the rack 304 to move up and down, thereby adjusting the displacement of the mounting cylinder 2.

[0023] See also Figure 4-Figure 5In this embodiment, a rivet chuck 402 is provided at the lower end of the rod body 401 of the rivet transmission rod 4, and the rivet chuck 402 is used to connect and drive the melting brazing threaded rivet 8. A guide key 403 and a fixing screw 404 are provided at the upper end of the rod body 401 of the rivet transmission rod 4. The guide key 403 and the rod body 401 are fixedly connected by the fixing screw 404. The guide key 403 is used to connect and transmit torque to the coupling 602 in the rotation drive assembly 6. At the same time, the guide key 403 can drive the rod body 401 to slide axially, which is used for guiding the axial pushing process of the rivet transmission rod 4.

[0024] The cylinder drive assembly 5 includes a cylinder body 501, a cylinder upper cover 502, a cylinder lower cover 503 and a cylinder piston 504. The cylinder upper cover 502 and the cylinder lower cover 503 are respectively fixed at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder body 501. The cylinder lower cover 503 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting cylinder 2. The cylinder upper cover 502 is rigidly connected to the output end of the rotary drive assembly 6. The cylinder piston 504 is slidably arranged in the cylinder body 501. The cylinder upper cover 502 , the cylinder piston 504 and the cylinder body 501 are arranged to form a first air cavity 505, the cylinder lower cover 503, the cylinder piston 504 and the cylinder body 501 are arranged to form a second air cavity 506, and the outer wall of the cylinder body 501 is provided with interfaces respectively connecting the first air cavity 505 and the second air cavity 506, the upper end of the rod body 401 passes through the cylinder piston 504 and is rotatably connected to the cylinder piston 504, and the cylinder piston 504 is used to drive the rod body 401 to move axially.

[0025] In addition, the cylinder drive assembly 5 also includes a first sealing ring 507, a second sealing ring 508, a third sealing ring 509, a fourth sealing ring 510, a fifth sealing ring 511 and a tapered roller bearing 512. The first sealing ring 507 is used for sealing between the first air cavity 505 and the cylinder upper cover 502. The second sealing ring 508 and the third sealing ring 509 are used for sealing between the first air cavity 505 and the second air cavity 506, and at the same time reduce the friction between the cylinder piston 504 and the cylinder body 501. The fourth sealing ring 510 is used for sealing between the second air cavity 506 and the tapered roller bearing 512. The fifth sealing ring 511 is used for sealing between the second air cavity 506 and the cylinder lower cover 503. The tapered roller bearing 512 is arranged between the locking nut and the rod body 401, and is used for supporting and positioning the rod body 401 and reducing transmission friction.

[0026] Continue reading Figure 5The rotary drive assembly 6 includes a rotary motor 601 and a coupling 602. The rotary motor 601, the cylinder piston 504 and the rod body 401 are coaxially arranged. A through hole is provided on the cylinder upper cover 502. The coupling 602 is rotatably arranged in the through hole. The upper end of the coupling 602 is connected to the motor shaft of the rotary motor 601, and the lower end of the coupling 602 is connected to the upper end of the rod body 401. The rotary motor 601 drives the rod body 401 to rotate through the coupling 602; the upper end of the rod body 401 can move axially relative to the coupling 602, so that the rod body 401 moves axially under the drive of the cylinder piston 504.

[0027] The rotating motor 601 is connected to the upper end of the coupling 602 by transmission, and is fixed by the flat key 603 and the shaft pin 604. The rotating motor 601 transmits power to the rivet drive rod 4 through the coupling 602 to drive the rivet drive rod 4 to rotate. Since the rivet drive rod 4 needs to move axially and rotate circumferentially, and the rotary drive assembly 6 only rotates circumferentially, in order to ensure that the torque can still be transmitted during the movement of the rivet drive rod 4, the guide key 403 is adopted in this embodiment. The lower end of the coupling 602 is provided with a keyway matching the guide key 403 at the upper end of the rod body 401 of the rivet drive rod 4. The guide key 403 can slide axially in the keyway under the drive of the cylinder drive assembly 5, which can achieve the above effect.

[0028] See also Figure 6 The ultrasonic auxiliary component 7 includes a first transducer 701, a first connecting unit 702, a second transducer 703, a second connecting unit 704, a third transducer 705, a third connecting unit 706 and a horn 707; the first transducer 701 is combined with the rear end of the horn 707 through the first connecting unit 702, and is used to apply axial ultrasonic vibration during the penetration of the brazing threaded rivet 8 into the plate, thereby reducing the metal deformation resistance and surface friction during the penetration process and reducing potential material damage; the second transducer 703 is combined with the left side of the horn 707 through the second connecting unit 704, and the third transducer 705 is combined with the right end of the horn 707 through the third connecting unit 706. During the continuous rotation and friction process of the brazing threaded rivet 8, radially coupled ultrasonic vibration is applied in a coordinated manner to refine the grains, improve the microstructure of the joint, improve the material fluidity, promote the formation of a tightly wrapped and embedded mechanical interlocking structure between the plate and the brazing threaded rivet 8, increase the wettability and capillary filling ability of the brazing material 806, and accelerate the formation of the interface reaction of the brazing material 806; the output frequency of the ultrasonic auxiliary component 7 is 15kHz-25kHz, the output power of the ultrasonic auxiliary component 7 is 2kW-35kW, and the output amplitude of the ultrasonic auxiliary component 7 is 5μm-45μm. The output frequency, power, and amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration component can be controlled, adjusted, and selected according to the type and thickness of the plate.

[0029] In one embodiment, if Figure 1-Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the melting brazing threaded rivet 8 can be divided into a head clamping area 801, a shoulder thread melting brazing area 802 and an end thread feeding area 803. The side of the head clamping area 801 is provided with a toothed texture 804 that matches the rivet chuck 402, and the peripheral side wall of the shoulder thread melting brazing area 802 is provided with a thread stirring texture 805. At the same time, the outer surface of the shoulder thread melting brazing area 802 and the lower surface of the head clamping area 801 are covered with brazing material 806. The brazing material 806 can be selected according to the material of the welded plate, and the types include Al-based brazing material, Fe-based brazing material, Ag-based brazing material, etc. Brazing material, etc., the end thread feed zone 803 is provided with a thread stirring texture 805, and a certain advancement slope is provided, wherein the height of the melting brazing thread rivet 8 is L1, the diameter of the head clamping zone 801 is R1, the height of the head clamping zone 801 is L2, the diameter of the shoulder thread melting brazing zone 802 is R2, and the height is L3; the height of the end thread feed zone 803 is L4, wherein L1=L2+L3+L4, in addition, the height and diameter of the shoulder thread melting brazing zone 802 need to satisfy 0.3L1≤L3≤0.8L1, 0.4R1≤ R2≤0.6R1, in order to ensure the penetration effect during welding and avoid the shoulder thread molten brazing area 802 from being insufficiently strong and causing fracture. The covering thickness of the brazing material 806 is t. When the covering thickness t of the brazing material 806 is small, it will not be able to fully fill the joint gap, affecting the joint strength. At the same time, it is easy to melt prematurely during friction heating, resulting in local overheating and welding defects. In addition, when t is large, it will cause uneven heat conduction, affecting the melting and flow of the brazing material 806, resulting in insufficient and uneven welding. Therefore, the covering thickness t of the brazing material 806 should be moderate, meeting 0.05 The requirement of mm≤t≤0.5mm is met, and the advancement slope of the end thread feed zone 803 is α, wherein 120°≤α≤160°. By increasing the advancement slope α, the friction contact area will be increased, which can increase the friction heat to soften the plate and increase the welding adaptability of strong, hard and thick plates. However, excessive friction heat should also be avoided, which will lead to overheating of the joint and coarse microstructure, affecting the strength and service performance of the joint. Therefore, the advancement slope α of the end thread feed zone 803 can be selected according to the performance, thickness, etc. of the plate to obtain a better welding effect.

[0030] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment also provides an ultrasonic assisted brazing thread riveting welding method, please also refer to Figure 8 , using the ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding device in the above embodiment, specifically including the following steps: S1. Place two plates to be welded (an upper plate 104 and a lower plate 105) on top of each other on a workbench 101, and then position the plate riveting welding point by controlling the lifting mechanism 102 to descend through the controller 9 and combining the fine-tuning component 3 to perform precision adjustment.

[0031] S2. The controller 9 controls the forward rotation of the rotary motor 601 and the air supply and pressurization of the first air chamber 505, so as to push the cylinder piston 504 downward, thereby driving the rotary riveting transmission rod 4 to perform axial and circumferential movements; during the rotation and advancement of the rotary riveting transmission rod 4, the rotary riveting chuck 402 at the front end of the rod body 401 cooperates to screw into the head clamping area 801 of the melting brazing threaded rivet 8 and clamps it, and then drives the melting brazing threaded rivet 8 to rotate and advance downward; during the continued advancement, the melting brazing threaded rivet 8 begins to penetrate the upper plate 104 at the plate rotary riveting welding point, and the first transducer 701 and the amplitude transformer 707 begin to work and apply axial ultrasonic vibration; It should be noted that in step S2, the rotation speed of the rotary riveting transmission rod 4 is 20rpm-6000rpm, and the axial feed speed of the rotary riveting transmission rod 4 is 1mm / min-100mm / min. The rotation speed and axial feed speed of the rotary riveting transmission rod 4 can be controlled, adjusted and selected according to the type and thickness of the plate.

[0032] S3. When the end thread feeding area 803 of the brazing threaded rivet 8 penetrates the upper plate 104 and begins to contact the lower plate 105, the second transducer 703, the third transducer 705 and the horn 707 start to work and apply radial coupled ultrasonic vibration; when the preset downward pressure of the head clamping area 801 of the brazing threaded rivet 8 is reached, the rivet chuck 402 stops feeding in the axial direction, and the shoulder thread brazing area 802 with stirring texture continuously rotates and frictionally heats the metal material enclosed under the head clamping area 801 for a certain period of time, so that the surrounding of the brazing threaded rivet 8 The metal sheet material reaches a plasticized state and undergoes sufficient plastic flow in the closed cavity, so that the lower sheet 105 and the end threaded feed zone 803 form a dense solid phase weld A under extrusion, and the upper sheet 104 tightly wraps the brazing threaded rivet 8 and inlays it to form a reliable mechanical interlocking B. At the same time, the brazing material 806 melts due to the high temperature and fills the gap between the shoulder thread brazing zone 802 and the sheet by capillary action, forming a brazing connection C between the rivet and the sheet, and finally realizing a high-performance composite spin riveting welding of "mechanical riveting-brazing connection-solid phase welding" between metal sheets.

[0033] It should be noted that in step S3, the preset downward pressure of the head clamping area 801 is h, and the total displacement of the fusion-piercing threaded rivet 8 in the axial direction relative to the plate feed is H, wherein 0.1mm≤h≤0.5mm, H=L3+L4+h, to ensure that the head clamping area 801 of the fusion-piercing threaded rivet 8 forms a closed space and sufficient rotational friction with the upper plate 104, and at the same time to avoid the flash phenomenon of the upper plate 104 due to the preset excessive downward pressure. When the thickness of the upper plate 104 is D, wherein D≤0.9 (L3+h), to ensure that the fusion-piercing threaded rivet 8 can completely penetrate the upper plate 104 and contact and rub with the lower plate 105. In addition, the duration of the rotational friction heating is 3s-15s, which can be selected according to the performance and thickness of the plate to obtain a better welding effect.

[0034] S4, after the spin riveting welding is completed, the first transducer 701, the second transducer 703, the third transducer 705 and the amplitude transformer 707 stop working, and the controller 9 controls the rotary motor 601 to rotate in the opposite direction and the second air chamber 506 to supply air and increase pressure, so as to push the cylinder piston 504 backward, thereby driving the spin riveting transmission rod 4 to reverse and rise, and the spin riveting chuck 402 at the front end of the spin riveting transmission rod 4 cooperates to rotate out of the head clamping area 801, and the spin riveting transmission rod 4 returns to the initial position.

[0035] In summary, the ultrasonic-assisted fusion-brazing threaded riveting welding method can realize the high-performance composite riveting welding of "mechanical riveting-brazing connection-solid phase welding" in one step through the fusion-brazing threaded rivet 8, which greatly improves the mechanical properties and service performance of the joint, and can effectively solve the problems of weak bonding ability of a single welding interface of heterogeneous metal plates, low welding strength, difficult to ensure service performance, coarse welded joint structure, poor plasticity and toughness, and difficult to fill welds and poor sealing.

[0036] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0037] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding device, characterized in that: include: A bearing assembly, comprising a workbench and a lifting mechanism arranged on the workbench; A carrier, which is arranged at a driving end of the lifting mechanism and can move up and down under the drive of the lifting mechanism to approach and move away from the workbench; An installation cylinder is vertically arranged on the carrier; A rotary riveting transmission rod comprises a rod body movably inserted into the installation cylinder and a rotary riveting chuck arranged at the lower end of the rod body; A melting-pipe threaded rivet is located at the lower end of the installation cylinder, and the rotary riveting transmission rod can move axially and rotate circumferentially relative to the installation cylinder to drive the melting-pipe threaded rivet to rotate and advance; A cylinder driving assembly connected to the upper end of the rotary riveting driving rod and used to drive the rotary riveting driving rod to move axially; A rotation drive assembly is connected to the upper end of the rotary riveting transmission rod and is used to drive the rotary riveting transmission rod to rotate circumferentially; An ultrasonic auxiliary component, connected to the rotary drive component, and used to apply ultrasonic vibrations in the axial and radial directions to the rotary riveting drive rod; as well as The controller is used to control the operation of the lifting mechanism, the rotary drive assembly, the cylinder drive assembly and the ultrasonic auxiliary assembly.

2. The ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A fine-tuning assembly is provided between the installation cylinder and the carrier, and the fine-tuning assembly is used to adjust the vertical distance between the lower end of the installation cylinder and the carrier.

3. The ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The brazing threaded rivet comprises a head clamping area, a shoulder thread brazing area and an end thread feeding area connected in sequence from top to bottom, the side of the head clamping area is provided with a toothed texture matching the rivet chuck, the outer peripheral wall of the shoulder thread brazing area is provided with a thread stirring texture, and the outer surface of the shoulder thread brazing area and the lower surface of the head clamping area are both covered with brazing material, the brazing material is selected according to the material of the welded plate, and the end thread feeding area is provided with a propulsion slope and a thread stirring texture.

4. The ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The height of the brazing threaded rivet is L1, the diameter of the head clamping area is R1, the height of the head clamping area is L2, the diameter of the shoulder thread brazing area is R2, the height of the shoulder thread brazing area is L3, the height of the end thread feed area is L4, the coverage thickness of the brazing material is t, and the advancement slope is α, wherein L1=L2+L3+L4, 0.3L1≤L3≤0.8L1, 0.4R1≤R2≤0.6R1, 0.05mm≤t≤0.5mm, 120°≤α≤160°.

5. The ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cylinder drive assembly includes a cylinder body, a cylinder upper cover, a cylinder lower cover and a cylinder piston, the cylinder upper cover and the cylinder lower cover are respectively fixed at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder body, the cylinder lower cover is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting cylinder body, the cylinder upper cover is rigidly connected to the output end of the rotary drive assembly, the cylinder piston is slidably arranged in the cylinder body, the cylinder upper cover, the cylinder piston and the cylinder body are surrounded to form a first air cavity, the cylinder lower cover, the cylinder piston and the cylinder body are surrounded to form a second air cavity, the outer wall of the cylinder body is provided with interfaces respectively connecting the first air cavity and the second air cavity, and the upper end of the rod body passes through the cylinder piston and is rotatably connected to the cylinder piston.

6. The ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The rotary drive assembly includes a rotary motor and a coupling. The rotary motor, the cylinder piston and the rod body are coaxially arranged. A through hole is provided on the cylinder upper cover. The coupling is rotatably arranged in the through hole. The upper end of the coupling is connected to the motor shaft of the rotary motor, and the lower end of the coupling is connected to the upper end of the rod body. The rotary motor drives the rod body to rotate through the coupling. The upper end of the rod body can move axially relative to the coupling so that the rod body moves axially under the drive of the cylinder piston.

7. The ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ultrasonic auxiliary component includes a first transducer, a second transducer, a third transducer and a transformer; the lower end of the transformer is connected to the upper end of the rotation drive component; the first transducer is connected to the upper end of the transformer, and is used to apply axial ultrasonic vibration during the penetration of the fusion-brazing threaded rivet into the plate; the second transducer and the third transducer are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the circumferential side wall of the transformer, and the second transducer and the third transducer are used to collaboratively apply radially coupled ultrasonic vibration during the rotational friction of the fusion-brazing threaded rivet.

8. An ultrasonic-assisted brazing threaded riveting welding method, using the ultrasonic-assisted brazing threaded riveting welding device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The upper and lower metal plates to be welded are stacked on the workbench, and the controller controls the lifting mechanism to drive the rotary rivet transmission rod to descend, so as to locate the position of the rotary rivet welding point; S2. The controller controls the actions of the rotary drive assembly and the cylinder drive assembly to drive the rivet drive rod to rotate and move downward; during the rotation and downward advancement of the rivet drive rod, the rivet chuck cooperates to screw into the head clamping area of ​​the brazing threaded rivet and clamps it, and then drives the brazing threaded rivet to rotate and advance; during the continued advancement, the end thread feed area begins to penetrate at the plate rivet welding point, and the ultrasonic auxiliary assembly starts to work and applies axial ultrasonic vibration; S3. When the end thread feed zone penetrates the upper plate and begins to contact the lower plate, the ultrasonic auxiliary component begins to apply radial coupled ultrasonic vibration; when the preset downward pressure of the head clamping zone is reached, the cylinder drive component stops moving, the spin riveting chuck stops feeding in the axial direction, and the shoulder thread brazing zone with thread stirring texture performs continuous rotational friction heating on the metal material enclosed below the head clamping zone for a certain period of time, so that the metal plate around the brazing threaded rivet reaches a plasticized state and plastic flow occurs in the closed cavity; so that the lower plate and the end thread feed zone form a dense solid phase weld under extrusion, the upper plate wraps and embeds the brazing threaded rivet and forms a mechanical connection, and at the same time the brazing material melts due to high temperature and fills the gap between the mechanical connection with the help of capillary action, finally forming a mechanical riveting, brazing connection and solid phase welding between the metal plates; S4. After the spin riveting welding is completed, the ultrasonic auxiliary component stops working, and the controller controls the rotary drive component and the cylinder drive component to move in the opposite direction, driving the spin riveting transmission rod to reverse and rise, and the spin riveting chuck is screwed out of the head clamping area of ​​the fusion-piercing threaded rivet to achieve the resetting of the spin riveting transmission rod.

9. The ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, the rotation speed of the rotary riveting transmission rod is 20rpm-6000rpm, and the axial feed speed of the rotary riveting transmission rod is 1mm / min-100mm / min.

10. The ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the preset downward pressure of the head clamping area is h, the total displacement of the fusion-piercing threaded rivet in the axial direction relative to the plate feed is H, where 0.1mm≤h≤0.5mm, H=L3+L4+h, the thickness of the upper plate is D, D≤0.9(L3+h), and the duration of the rotational friction heating is 3s-15s.

Images