Anchor rod capable of recycling anchor core and draining water and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an anchor rod capable of recycling an anchor core and draining water and a construction method of the anchor rod, relates to the field of foundation engineering, and solves the problems that an existing anchor rod capable of draining water is low in anchoring force, and an anchor core cannot be recycled or is difficult to recycle. According to the technical scheme, the anchor rod capable of recycling the anchor core and draining water comprises an anchoring section, a front water-permeable section and a rear water-permeable section, the front water-permeable section comprises a front pipe body, the front pipe body is permeable, the front end of the anchoring section is a bearing plate, the front plate face and the rear plate face of the bearing plate are connected with the front pipe body and a rear connecting pipe respectively, and the rear connecting pipe is connected with a sleeve. The front-section pipe body of the sleeve is waterproof and is positioned at the anchoring section, and the rear-section pipe body of the sleeve is provided with a water-permeable hole and is positioned at the rear water-permeable section; the outer side of the rear connecting pipe is sleeved with a front stop-grouting plug, an anchor core is arranged in the sleeve in a penetrating mode, the front end of the anchor core is connected with a clamping plate, the section, perpendicular to the length direction of the anchor core, of the clamping plate is non-circular, the bearing plate is provided with a connecting hole matched with the clamping plate in shape, and an anchor head is arranged at the rear end of the anchor core. The method is used for design and construction of the anchor rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of foundation engineering, and in particular to an anchor rod, specifically a pressure-type anchor rod with a recoverable anchor core and drainage, and a construction method of the pressure-type anchor rod. Background Art

[0002] Rainfall infiltration and rising groundwater levels will reduce the shear strength of the slope, increase the sliding force, and induce slope instability. Therefore, anchoring and drainage are the main measures for slope support. Anchoring measures insert anchor bars into the anchor holes. The anchor bars are anchor rods or anchor cables, and cement mortar is poured into the anchor holes. The slope, cement mortar and anchor bars are bonded together to improve the stability of the slope. Anchoring measures are widely used in landslide and dangerous rock control, chamber reinforcement, foundation anti-floating and foundation pit support projects. For temporary and short-term projects, such as foundation pit support, after the foundation pit is backfilled, the anchor bars (anchor cores) lose their function. If the anchor cores are not recovered, they will be wasted. Drainage measures include slope drainage and slope drainage. Slope drainage includes drainage ditches, intercepting ditches, etc., and slope drainage includes blind ditches, water collection wells, drainage holes, etc. In engineering practice, the two drainage methods are reasonably combined according to needs and site conditions.

[0003] Anchoring measures and drainage measures can be carried out separately or combined. At present, there are two methods for combining anchoring measures with drainage measures: the first is to set a permeable section in the middle of the anchor rod, which has the disadvantage that the water in the deep slope cannot be discharged and the anchor core cannot be recovered, for example, see the first public texts with application numbers 201020521134.5, 201110119283.8 and 202211348730.1; the second is that the entire length of the anchor rod is a permeable section or the permeable sections are arranged at intervals, and the main disadvantage is that the anchoring force of the permeable section is insufficient, resulting in an increase in the depth and diameter of the anchor hole, and the anchor core cannot be recovered. The second method uses permeable concrete to completely replace traditional impermeable concrete, for example, see the first public texts with application numbers 201610659558.X and 201510157530.1; it also includes using permeable concrete to partially replace traditional impermeable concrete, for example, see the first public text with application number 201310383960.6; or by casting anchor bodies at intervals to provide channels for collecting and draining groundwater, for example, see the first public texts with application numbers 201910041638.2 and 201510157530.1.

[0004] The fluidity and strength of ordinary permeable concrete are inferior to those of traditional grouting materials. Therefore, the construction of permeable concrete is difficult. The anchoring force of permeable concrete after solidification is low, and the diameter of the anchor hole must be large to meet the force requirements. For example, the first public text of application No. 201310383960.6 requires the diameter of the anchor hole to be 200mm to 500mm, which is much larger than the diameter of the conventional anchor hole. If permeable concrete mixed with high-strength binder is used, the cost will be high. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention firstly provides a recyclable anchor core and a drainage anchor rod, which solves the problems of low anchoring force of the existing drainage anchor rod and irrecoverable or difficult recovery of the anchor core.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a recyclable anchor core and a drainage anchor rod, comprising an anchoring section, and a front water-permeable section and a rear water-permeable section at the front and rear ends of the anchoring section, the front water-permeable section comprising a front tube body, the front tube body is a hollow structure with a closed front end and an open rear end, the front tube body is made of a water-permeable material or is a water-permeable structure, the front end of the anchoring section is a bearing plate, the front plate surface of the bearing plate is fixedly connected to the rear end of the front tube body, the diameter of the front tube body is not greater than the diameter of the bearing plate, the rear plate surface of the bearing plate is fixed with a rear connecting pipe and is connected to the front end of the sleeve, the outer diameters of the rear connecting pipe and the sleeve are both smaller than the diameter of the bearing plate, the front tube body of the sleeve is impermeable and is located in the anchoring section, the rear tube body of the sleeve is provided with a water-permeable hole and is located in the rear water-permeable section, the outer side of the rear section of the sleeve is provided with a rear tube body, the rear tube body is made of a water-permeable material or is a water-permeable structure, and the rear tube body is a hollow structure and the two ends are open; a front stop slurry plug is sleeved on the outer side of the rear connecting pipe, the front stop slurry plug abuts against the bearing plate, the front stop slurry plug is made of flexible material and fixed to the bearing plate or the rear connecting pipe, the diameter of the front stop slurry plug is larger than the diameter of the bearing plate, and the area surrounded by the rear end of the front stop slurry plug, the outer wall of the casing and the front end of the rear tube body is the grouting area; an anchor core that can transmit torque is passed through the casing, and a clamping plate is fixedly connected to the front end of the anchor core, the clamping plate is non-circular in the cross-section perpendicular to the length direction of the anchor core, and on the plane perpendicular to the length direction of the anchor core, the projection of the clamping plate is located within the circular projections of the inner wall of the rear connecting pipe and the inner wall of the casing, a connecting hole is provided between the front plate surface and the rear plate surface of the bearing plate, the connecting hole connects the front tube body and the casing, the shape of the connecting hole is adapted to the shape of the clamping plate, and the rear end of the anchor core is connected to an anchor head for abutting against the rear ends of the casing and the rear tube body.

[0007] In order to facilitate the connection between the front permeable section and the bearing plate, reduce the cost of the front permeable section and ensure the water seepage effect of the front permeable section, further: the front plate surface of the bearing plate is fixed with a front connecting pipe, and on a plane perpendicular to the length direction of the anchor core, the projection of the clamping plate is located within the circular projection of the front connecting pipe; the front pipe body includes an inner pipe and an outer pipe, the inner pipe is a metal pipe and the pipe body is provided with a permeable hole, the rear end of the inner pipe is threadedly connected to the front connecting pipe, the front end of the outer pipe is conical and the rear end is open, the outer pipe is made of recycled materials and passes through the outside of the inner pipe, and the outer surface of the outer pipe is covered with a front filter layer. The front filter layer plays a filtering role, for example, the front filter layer is a geotextile.

[0008] The anchor core is generally made of metal. In order to prevent the anchor core from rusting, a protective tube is provided on the outer side of the anchor core, and anti-corrosion grease is filled between the anchor core and the protective tube.

[0009] When grouting the grouting area, the front stop plug prevents the grout from penetrating into the front permeable section and blocking the front pipe body. Further, the front end face of the front stop plug abuts against the rear plate face of the bearing plate, and the rear end face of the front stop plug is fastened by a locking ring, which is matched with the thread of the rear connecting pipe, or the locking ring abuts against a block fixed to the outer periphery of the rear connecting pipe; the front stop plug is a rubber sheet, and the rubber sheet is one layer or at least two layers.

[0010] In order to improve the airtightness of the grouting area and prevent the slurry from penetrating into the rear permeable section to block the rear pipe body and the permeable holes of the rear pipe body of the casing, further: a rear stop slurry plug is provided at the periphery of the junction between the front pipe body and the rear pipe body of the casing, and the rear stop slurry plug is located at the rear end of the grouting area and abuts against the front end of the rear pipe body; the outer surface of the rear pipe body is covered with a rear filter layer. The rear filter layer plays a filtering role, for example, the rear filter layer is a geotextile.

[0011] In order to optimize the force between the clamping plate and the bearing plate, further: the clamping plate includes a columnar connecting portion, the front end of the anchor core is fixedly connected to the center of a bottom surface of the connecting portion, and the outer periphery of the connecting portion is provided with at least one blade along its radial direction, the outer edge of each blade is in an arc shape, and the corresponding center of each arc coincides and is located on the axis of the anchor core. For example, 2 to 4 blades are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the connecting portion of the clamping plate, and each blade is the same.

[0012] In order to prevent the anchor core and the clamping plate from being excessively inserted forward into the connection hole of the bearing plate, further: an axial limiter for preventing the anchor core from being inserted into the connection hole is fixed to the front end of the anchor core.

[0013] When the card is inserted forward into the connection hole, the anchor core needs to be rotated. After the card is inserted forward into the connection hole, the anchor core also needs to be rotated. The function of rotating the anchor core is to adjust the position of the card relative to the connection hole. In order to facilitate the control of the position of the card relative to the connection hole, the card cannot continue to rotate after rotating to a predetermined position. Further, the bearing plate is also provided with an annular limiter that abuts against the card. When the card abuts against the annular limiter, the card is aligned with the connection hole, or the card is misaligned with the connection hole.

[0014] The present invention also provides a construction method for the construction of any of the above-mentioned "recoverable anchor cores and drainage anchor rods", which also solves the problems of low anchoring force of existing drainage anchor rods and non-recoverable or difficult to recycle anchor cores. The construction method of the recyclable anchor core and drainage anchor rod comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Drill anchor holes and clean them.

[0016] S2. Take out the rear tube body of any of the above-mentioned "recoverable anchor core and drainage anchor rod" from the rear end of the casing and insert it into the anchor hole.

[0017] S3. Grouting into the grouting area.

[0018] S4. Insert the rear tube body between the anchor hole and the sleeve, and then install the anchor head.

[0019] S5. When recovering the anchor core, rotate the anchor core, take out the clamping plate and the anchor core, and recover them.

[0020] The anchor hole penetrates the sliding surface or the potential sliding surface. In order to enable the rear water-permeable section to effectively drain water, further: the anchor hole penetrates the sliding surface or the potential sliding surface, and the sliding surface and the potential sliding surface are located in the rear water-permeable section.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the front tube body of the hollow structure, the connection hole of the bearing plate and the casing are connected to form a drainage channel, and the front permeable section is used to discharge the groundwater at the bottom of the hole, the groundwater inside the rock and soil (slope) body or outside the loose circle of the tunnel; the rear permeable section is used to discharge the groundwater close to the hole mouth, the sliding surface, the potential sliding surface, and the groundwater within the loose circle of the tunnel, so the anchor rod has a good drainage effect and can improve the stability of the slope. The anchoring section only bears the anchoring function and does not bear the drainage function. The anchoring section is easy to construct and the length of the anchoring section can be flexibly adjusted to ensure that the anchoring section can provide a sufficiently large anchoring force. The shape of the connection hole of the bearing plate is adapted to the shape of the card plate. After the card plate is aligned with the connection hole, the card plate can pass through the connection hole. The cardboard is non-circular in the cross section perpendicular to the length direction of the anchor core. After the cardboard is misaligned with the connection hole, the cardboard cannot pass through the connection hole; after the cardboard passes through the connection hole forward, the anchor core is rotated to misalign the cardboard with the connection hole. At this time, the anchor core and the bearing plate are connected and can transmit tension. The anchor core is then rotated to align the cardboard with the connection hole. The cardboard can pass through the connection hole backward to disengage the anchor core from the bearing plate, thereby realizing the recovery of the anchor core. The recyclable anchor core and drainage anchor rod have a simple structure and are easy to make. The difficulty and cost of making are low. In addition, the installation and recovery operation of the anchor core are convenient. The recovery success rate of the anchor core is high and the damage rate is low. The anchor core can be reused many times after recovery. The construction method of the recyclable anchor core and drainage anchor rod is not much different from the construction process and construction process of the traditional anchor rod. The construction process is simple, the construction quality is easy to control, and there is no need to set up separate drainage facilities for the slope, which saves construction time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a recyclable anchor core and a drainage anchor rod of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the matching relationship between the clamping plate and the carrying plate in the illustrated embodiment.

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the locking ring in the illustrated embodiment.

[0025] Figure numerals: front water-permeable section L1, anchoring section L2, rear water-permeable section L3, front pipe body 1, inner pipe 1-1, outer pipe 1-2, front inverted filter layer 1-3, bearing plate 2-1, rear connecting pipe 2-2, casing 2-3, front slurry stop plug 2-4, grouting area 2-5, anchor core 2-6, clamping plate 2-7, connecting part 2-7-1, blade 2-7-2, front connecting pipe 2-8, protective pipe 2-9, locking ring 2-10, clamping block 2-11, rear slurry stop plug 2-12, axial limit piece 2-13, annular limit piece 2-14, rear pipe body 3-1, rear inverted filter layer 3-2, anchor head 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] The first subject of the present invention is a retrievable anchor core and a drainage anchor. Figure 1 As shown, the anchor rod with a retrievable anchor core and drainage includes an anchoring section L2, and a front water-permeable section L1 and a rear water-permeable section L3 at the front and rear ends of the anchoring section L2, wherein the front end is the end that first enters the anchor hole when the anchor rod is inserted into the anchor hole, and the rear end is the end that later enters the anchor hole when the anchor rod is inserted into the anchor hole. The front water-permeable section L1 includes a front tube body 1, which is a hollow structure with a closed front end and an open rear end. The front tube body 1 is made of a water-permeable material or a water-permeable structure, so that groundwater at the bottom of the anchor hole can penetrate the front tube body 1 and enter the interior of the front tube body 1. The front tube body 1 can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure of at least two layers. For example, see Figure 1 The front tube body 1 includes an inner tube 1-1 and an outer tube 1-2. The inner tube 1-1 is a metal tube and the tube body is provided with water-permeable holes. For example, the inner tube 1-1 is a steel tube or an iron tube treated with rust prevention. The inner tube 1-1 can also be a non-metallic tube and the tube body is provided with water-permeable holes. For example, the inner tube 1-1 is a PVC tube. The rear end of the inner tube 1-1 is provided with a joint for connecting with the anchoring section L2, such as a threaded joint. The front end of the outer tube 1-2 is closed and the rear end is open. The outer tube 1-2 is made of a permeable material and is passed through the outside of the inner tube 1-1, such as a recycled material, which not only ensures water permeability but also is environmentally friendly. The outer tube 1-2 is generally a prefabricated part and fixed to the outside of the inner tube 1-1, so that the two are a whole and then assembled. In order to prevent sediment from clogging the outer tube 1-2, the outer surface of the outer tube 1-2 can also be coated with a front filter layer 1-3, and the front filter layer 1-3 plays a filtering role. For example, the front filter layer 1-3 is a geotextile. When the anchor rod is inserted into the anchor hole, the front permeable section L1 is inserted into the anchor hole first. In order to facilitate construction, the front end of the outer tube 1-2 is tapered, generally a cone, and can also be a pyramid.

[0028] The front end of the anchoring section L2 is the bearing plate 2-1, and the rear end of the front water-permeable section L1 is directly fixedly connected to the front plate surface of the bearing plate 2-1. In order to facilitate the connection between the front water-permeable section L1 and the bearing plate 2-1, a front connecting tube 2-8 is fixed to the front plate surface of the bearing plate 2-1, for example, the front connecting tube 2-8 is welded to the bearing plate 2-1, and the inner tube 1-1 of the front tube body 1 is threadedly connected to the front connecting tube 2-8. The diameter of the bearing plate 2-1 is adapted to the diameter of the anchor hole. In order to facilitate the smooth insertion of the front tube body 1, the diameter of the front tube body 1 is not greater than the diameter of the bearing plate 2-1, and the diameter of the front tube body 1 is generally slightly smaller than the diameter of the bearing plate 2-1.

[0029] The rear plate surface of the bearing plate 2-1 is fixedly connected to the rear connecting pipe 2-2, for example, the front end of the rear connecting pipe 2-2 is welded to the rear plate surface of the bearing plate 2-1. The rear end of the rear connecting pipe 2-2 is connected to the front end of the sleeve 2-3, for example, the rear connecting pipe 2-2 is threadedly connected to the sleeve 2-3. The sleeve 2-3 plays an isolating role during grouting, and the sleeve 2-3 becomes the main component of the drainage channel after grouting. The sleeve 2-3 is generally a metal pipe or a non-metallic pipe, for example, a seamless thin steel pipe or a PVC pipe. The outer diameters of the rear connecting pipe 2-2 and the sleeve 2-3 are both smaller than the diameter of the bearing plate 2-1, and the center lines of the rear connecting pipe 2-2 and the sleeve 2-3 coincide. The diameter of the rear connecting pipe 2-2 is generally equal to the diameter of the sleeve 2-3, that is, the inner diameter of the rear connecting pipe 2-2 is equal to the inner diameter of the sleeve 2-3, and the outer diameter of the rear connecting pipe 2-2 is equal to the outer diameter of the sleeve 2-3. The casing 2-3 can be a complete pipe or can be formed by connecting two or more sections in series. The pipe body of the casing 2-3 is divided into a front section and a rear section. The front section of the casing 2-3 is watertight and located in the anchoring section L2, and the rear section of the casing 2-3 is provided with a water-permeable hole and located in the rear water-permeable section L3. The outer side of the front section of the casing 2-3 is a grouting area 2-5, and the outer side of the rear section of the casing 2-3 is provided with a rear pipe body 3-1, which is a hollow structure and open at both ends. The inner diameter of the rear pipe body 3-1 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the casing 2-3, the outer diameter of the rear pipe body 3-1 is not larger than the diameter of the anchor hole, and the outer diameter of the rear pipe body 3-1 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the anchor hole to ensure that the rear pipe body 3-1 can be smoothly inserted into the casing 2-3. The rear tube body 3-1 is made of a water-permeable material or a water-permeable structure, so that groundwater close to the anchor hole position can penetrate the rear tube body 3-1 and the rear section of the casing 2-3 to enter the interior of the casing 2-3. For example, the rear tube body 3-1 is made of recycled materials. The rear tube body 3-1 is a prefabricated pipe, which is directly inserted into the rear section of the casing 2-3 from the rear end of the casing 2-3 during construction. In order to prevent the rear tube body 3-1 from being blocked by sediment, the outer surface of the rear tube body 3-1 can also be coated with a rear filter layer 3-2, and the rear filter layer 3-2 plays a filtering role. For example, the rear filter layer 3-2 is a geotextile.

[0030] The outer side of the rear connecting pipe 2-2 is sleeved with a front stop plug 2-4, which is in contact with the bearing plate 2-1, that is, the front end surface of the front stop plug 2-4 is in contact with the rear plate surface of the bearing plate 2-1. The area surrounded by the rear end of the front stop plug 2-4, the outer wall of the sleeve 2-3 and the front end of the rear tube body 3-1 is the grouting area 2-5. The function of the front stop plug 2-4 is to prevent the slurry from entering the front water-permeable section L1 and blocking the front water-permeable section L1 when grouting the grouting area 2-5. The diameter of the front stop plug 2-4 is larger than the diameter of the bearing plate 2-1, and the diameter of the front stop plug 2-4 is generally slightly larger than the diameter of the corresponding position of the anchor hole. The front stop plug 2-4 is made of a flexible material, for example, the front stop plug 2-4 is a rubber plate, or the front stop plug 2-4 is a water bag connected to a water injection pipe, or the front stop plug 2-4 is an air bag connected to an air injection pipe. When the front stop plug 2-4 is a rubber sheet, the rubber sheet is one layer or at least two layers. For example, the front stop plug 2-4 is a two-layer rubber sheet, the thickness of the two layers of rubber sheets are different, and they are a thin sheet and a thick sheet respectively. The thin sheet and the thick sheet are bonded and fixed, and the thick sheet directly abuts against the rear plate surface of the bearing plate 2-1. The diameter of the thick sheet is smaller than that of the thin sheet. The thick sheet plays a role of supporting the thin sheet, and the thin sheet plays a role of sealing.

[0031] The front stop plug 2-4 is fixed to the bearing plate 2-1 or the rear connecting tube 2-2. The front stop plug 2-4 can be directly bonded, that is, fixed by an adhesive, or can be fastened by a locking ring 2-10. For example, the rear connecting tube 2-2 is provided with an external thread, and the locking ring 2-10 is provided with an adapted internal thread. The locking ring 2-10 presses the front stop plug 2-4 against the rear plate surface of the bearing plate 2-1. For another example, the outer periphery of the rear connecting tube 2-2 is provided with a circle of spaced blocks 2-11, and there are at least two blocks. The locking ring 2-10 is annular and has a notch corresponding to the block 2-11 on the inner side. The locking ring 2-10 and the locking ring 2-10 are successively inserted into the rear connecting tube 2-2, and the locking ring 2-10 is rotated, and the locking ring 2-10 presses the front stop plug 2-4 against the rear plate surface of the bearing plate 2-1. In order to improve the fixing effect of the locking ring 2-10, the part between the notches of the locking ring 2-10 is provided with an inclined surface, and the degree of tightening of the locking ring 2-10 against the front stop plug 2-4 can be adjusted by adjusting the angle of the rotating locking ring 2-10. Figure 3 Two spaced apart blocks 2-11 are provided on the outer periphery of the rear connecting pipe 2-2, and two notches corresponding to the blocks 2-11 are provided on the inner side of the locking ring 2-10.

[0032] After the casing 2-3 is inserted into the anchor hole, the front stopper 2-4 can make the front end of the casing 2-3 be located at the center of the anchor hole, but it cannot ensure that the rear end of the casing 2-3 is located at the center of the anchor hole, especially when grouting into the grouting area 2-5, the casing 2-3 is easily tilted relative to the center line of the anchor hole. In order to keep the center line of the casing 2-3 coincident with the center line of the anchor hole, at least one centering bracket is fixedly arranged on the outer periphery of the casing 2-3, and the centering bracket has a gap to avoid affecting the flow of slurry, and the outer diameter of the centering bracket is adapted to the diameter of the anchor hole.

[0033] When the anchor hole is vertically downward or inclined downward, grouting is directly performed from bottom to top into the grouting area 2-5. By controlling the grouting amount, it is possible to prevent the slurry from penetrating into the rear water-permeable section L3 to block the rear pipe body 3-1, and block the water-permeable holes of the rear section of the casing 2-3. When the anchor hole is arranged horizontally or inclined upward, it is necessary to prevent the slurry from blocking the rear water-permeable section L3. Therefore, a rear stop slurry plug 2-12 can be sleeved on the periphery of the junction between the front section and the rear section of the casing 2-3. The rear stop slurry plug 2-12 is located between the anchoring section L2 and the rear water-permeable section L3. The rear stop slurry plug 2-12 is located at the rear end of the grouting area 2-5 and abuts against the front end of the rear pipe body 3-1. The rear stop slurry plug 2-12 is made of a flexible material, such as a rubber sheet, or a water bag connected to a water injection pipe, or an air bag connected to an air injection pipe. When the rear stop slurry plug 2-12 is a rubber sheet, the rubber sheet is one layer or at least two layers. When the anchor hole is arranged horizontally or tilted upward, by adjusting the viscosity of the slurry, grouting can be performed first and then the slurry stopper 2-1 can be placed.

[0034] An anchor core 2-6 capable of transmitting torque is inserted into the casing 2-3. The anchor core 2-6 mainly bears tensile force, is generally a solid rod-shaped object, and is made of metal. For example, the anchor core 2-6 is a steel bar or a steel strand. The anchor core 2-6 is generally made of metal. In order to prevent the anchor core 2-6 from rusting, a protective tube 2-9 may be sleeved on the outside of the anchor core 2-6, and anti-corrosion grease is filled between the anchor core 2-6 and the protective tube 2-9. In addition to the anti-rust effect, the anti-corrosion grease also has a lubricating effect, which facilitates the anchor core 2-6 to penetrate into the protective tube 2-9. For example, the anti-corrosion grease is silicone oil or calcium-based grease, and the protective tube 2-9 is a soft rubber tube.

[0035] The rear end of the anchor core 2-6 is provided with an anchor head 4 for abutting against the rear ends of the casing 2-3 and the rear tube body 3-1. The anchor head 4 includes an anchor pad and an anchor bolt. After the construction is completed, the anchor head 4 is located at the hole mouth, and the anchor pad abuts against the rear ends of the casing 2-3 and the rear tube body 3-1. Figure 1As shown. The front end of the anchor core 2-6 is fixedly connected with a card plate 2-7, which is used to connect with the bearing plate 2-1, and after the card plate 2-7 is connected with the bearing plate 2-1, the two can be separated by rotating the anchor core 2-6. A connecting hole is provided between the front plate surface and the rear plate surface of the bearing plate 2-1, and the connecting hole connects the front tube body 1 and the sleeve 2-3, and the axes of the front tube body 1, the bearing plate 2-1 and the sleeve 2-3 coincide. The card plate 2-7 is non-circular in the cross section perpendicular to the length direction of the anchor core 2-6, and the shape of the connecting hole is adapted to the shape of the card plate 2-7. After the card plate 2-7 is aligned with the connecting hole, the card plate 2-7 can pass through the connecting hole. After the card plate 2-7 is misaligned with the connecting hole, the card plate 2-7 cannot pass through the connecting hole. The card plate 2-7 can pass through the sleeve 2-3, the connecting tube 2-2 and the connecting hole, so the size of the card plate 2-7 is smaller than the size of the sleeve 2-3 and the sleeve 2-3. On a plane perpendicular to the length direction of the anchor core 2-6, the projection of the clamping plate 2-7 is located within the inner wall of the casing 2-3 and the circular projection of the inner wall of the casing 2-3. When the front connecting tube 2-8 is fixed to the front plate surface of the bearing plate 2-1, the clamping plate 2-7 can also penetrate the front connecting tube 2-8, so on a plane perpendicular to the length direction of the anchor core 2-6, the projection of the clamping plate 2-7 is located within the circular projection of the front connecting tube 2-8.

[0036] The following provides a connection structure between a clamping plate 2-7 and a bearing plate 2-1. The clamping plate 2-7 includes a columnar connection portion 2-7-1. The front end of the anchor core 2-6 is fixedly connected to the center of a bottom surface of the connection portion 2-7-1, for example, by welding. The outer periphery of the connection portion 2-7-1 is provided with at least one blade 2-7-2 along its radial direction. The outer edge of each blade 2-7-2 is in an arc shape and the corresponding center of each arc coincides and is located on the axis of the anchor core 2-6. The number of blades 2-7-2 is generally 2 to 4, and it is best that each blade 2-7-2 is the same and is distributed at the same central angle. For example, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The outer periphery of the connecting portion 2-7-1 is provided with two blades 2-7-2 along its radial direction, and the two blades 2-7-2 are arranged along the diameter direction of the connecting portion 2-7-1. The diameter of the blade 2-7-2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve 2-3 and the inner diameter of the sleeve 2-3.

[0037] The clamping plate 2-7 at the front end of the anchor core 2-6 is inserted from the back to the front into the connection hole of the carrier plate 2-1, and then the anchor core 2-6 is rotated to make the clamping plate 2-7 misaligned with the connection hole, so that the connection between the anchor core 2-6 and the carrier plate 2-1 is achieved. Then the anchor core 2-6 is rotated to make the clamping plate 2-7 aligned with the connection hole, and the clamping plate 2-7 can be taken out from the connection hole from the back to the front, and then the anchor core 2-6 is recovered. In order to prevent the anchor core 2-6 and the clamping plate 2-7 from being excessively inserted forward into the connection hole of the carrier plate 2-1, an axial stopper 2-13 for preventing the anchor core 2-6 from being inserted into the connection hole is fixed at the front end of the anchor core 2-6. For example, the axial stopper 2-13 is fixedly arranged at the position of the front end of the anchor core 2-6 near the clamping plate 2-7, and the axial stopper 2-13 is in the shape of a circular ring, and the outer diameter of the circular ring is larger than the diameter of the circular part of the connection hole. For another example, the axial limit member 2-13 is made by cutting a steel plate with a thickness of 5 mm, and the distance between the axial limit member 2-13 and the clamping plate 2-7 is 5 mm.

[0038] In order to facilitate the control of the orientation of the card plate 2-7 relative to the connecting hole, so that the card plate 2-7 cannot continue to rotate after rotating to the predetermined position, the carrier plate 2-1 is also provided with an annular limit member 2-14 that abuts against the card plate 2-7. When the card plate 2-7 abuts against the annular limit member 2-14, the card plate 2-7 is aligned with the connecting hole, or the card plate 2-7 is misaligned with the connecting hole. The annular limit member 2-14 can be set on the front plate surface of the carrier plate 2-1, or on the rear plate surface of the carrier plate 2-1, or on the front and rear plate surfaces of the carrier plate 2-1 at the same time. The annular limit member 2-14 can be columnar or in other shapes such as block. There can be only one annular limit member 2-14, and the card plate 2-7 can abut against the annular limit member 2-14 at two different positions to achieve the alignment of the card plate 2-7 with the connecting hole and the misalignment of the card plate 2-7 with the connecting hole; or, see Figure 2 The rear plate surface of the bearing plate 2-1 is provided with two columnar annular limit members 2-14. When the blade 2-7-2 abuts against one annular limit member 2-14, the clamping plate 2-7 is aligned with the connecting hole. When the blade 2-7-2 abuts against the other annular limit member 2-14, the clamping plate 2-7 is misaligned with the connecting hole.

[0039] The second subject of the present invention is a construction method of an anchor rod with a retrievable anchor core and drainage, which is the construction method of the first subject, and includes the following steps.

[0040] S1. Drill and clean the anchor holes. According to the site conditions and project requirements, pay special attention to the stratum, surface water and groundwater, and determine the diameter, depth, inclination and drilling method of the anchor holes. After drilling the anchor holes, clean the holes to prepare for subsequent construction.

[0041] S2. Take out the rear tube 3-1 of any of the above-mentioned "recoverable anchor core and drainage anchor rod" from the rear end of the casing 2-3, and then insert it into the anchor hole. Among them, the diameter of the bearing plate 2-1 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the anchor hole, and the outer diameter of the front stop grout plug 2-4 is slightly larger than the diameter of the anchor hole. If the anchor hole is horizontal, nearly horizontal, or inclined upward, the rear stop grout plug 2-12 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the junction of the front section and the rear section of the casing 2-3, and the rear stop grout plug 2-12 is fixed, and then the "recoverable anchor core and drainage anchor rod" is inserted into the anchor hole.

[0042] S3, grouting is performed to the grouting area 2-5. Grouting generally starts from the front end of the grouting area 2-5.

[0043] S4, insert the rear tube body 3-1 between the anchor hole and the casing 2-3, and then install the anchor head 4. According to the setting condition of the cement mortar and the design requirements, install the anchor head 4 and apply prestress. If the anchor hole is vertical or tilted downward, in step S4, before inserting the rear tube body 3-1 into the anchor hole, the rear stop grout plug 2-12 can be inserted into the upper end of the casing 2-3.

[0044] S5, when recovering the anchor core 2-6, rotate the anchor core 2-6, take out the clamping plate 2-7 and the anchor core 2-6 and recover them. After the anchor core 2-6 and the clamping plate 2-7 are taken out, a water diversion pipe can be installed in the drainage channel as needed, and the water diversion pipe is used to discharge the accumulated water in the drainage channel.

[0045] The anchor hole penetrates the sliding surface or the potential sliding surface. In order to enable the rear water-permeable section L3 to effectively drain water, the anchor hole penetrates the sliding surface or the potential sliding surface, and the sliding surface and the potential sliding surface are located in the rear water-permeable section L3.

Claims

1. Anchor rod with retrievable anchor core and drainage, characterized by: The invention comprises an anchoring section (L2), and a front water-permeable section (L1) and a rear water-permeable section (L3) at the front and rear ends of the anchoring section (L2); the front water-permeable section (L1) comprises a front tube body (1); the front tube body (1) is a hollow structure with a closed front end and an open rear end; the front tube body (1) is made of a water-permeable material or is a water-permeable structure; the front end of the anchoring section (L2) is a bearing plate (2-1); the front plate surface of the bearing plate (2-1) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the front tube body (1); the diameter of the front tube body (1) is not greater than the diameter of the bearing plate (2-1); the rear plate surface of the bearing plate (2-1) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the front tube body (1); -2 and connected to the front end of the casing (2-3); the outer diameters of the rear connecting pipe (2-2) and the casing (2-3) are both smaller than the diameter of the bearing plate (2-1); the front section of the casing (2-3) is impermeable and located in the anchoring section (L2); the rear section of the casing (2-3) is provided with a water-permeable hole and located in the rear water-permeable section (L3); the rear section of the casing (2-3) is provided with a rear pipe body (3-1) on the outside; the rear pipe body (3-1) is made of a water-permeable material or is a water-permeable structure; the rear pipe body (3-1) is a hollow structure with both ends open; the outer side of the rear connecting pipe (2-2) is sleeved with a front stop plug (2- 4), the front stop slurry plug (2-4) is in contact with the bearing plate (2-1), the front stop slurry plug (2-4) is made of a flexible material and is fixed to the bearing plate (2-1) or the rear connecting pipe (2-2), the diameter of the front stop slurry plug (2-4) is larger than the diameter of the bearing plate (2-1), and the area surrounded by the rear end of the front stop slurry plug (2-4), the outer wall of the casing (2-3) and the front end of the rear pipe body (3-1) is the grouting area (2-5); an anchor core (2-6) capable of transmitting torque is inserted into the casing (2-3), and the front end of the anchor core (2-6) is fixedly connected to a clamping plate (2-7), and the clamping plate (2-7) ) is non-circular in a cross section perpendicular to the length direction of the anchor core (2-6), and in a plane perpendicular to the length direction of the anchor core (2-6), the projection of the clamping plate (2-7) is located within the circular projections of the inner walls of the rear connecting tube (2-2) and the inner walls of the sleeve (2-3), a connecting hole is provided between the front plate surface and the rear plate surface of the bearing plate (2-1), the connecting hole connects the front tube body (1) and the sleeve (2-3), the shape of the connecting hole is adapted to the shape of the clamping plate (2-7), and the rear end of the anchor core (2-6) is connected to an anchor head (4) for abutting against the rear ends of the sleeve (2-3) and the rear tube body (3-1).

2. The retrievable anchor core and drainage anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: A front connecting pipe (2-8) is fixed to the front plate surface of the bearing plate (2-1); on a plane perpendicular to the length direction of the anchor core (2-6), the projection of the clamping plate (2-7) is located within the circular projection of the front connecting pipe (2-8); the front pipe body (1) comprises an inner pipe (1-1) and an outer pipe (1-2); the inner pipe (1-1) is a metal pipe and the pipe body is provided with a water-permeable hole; the rear end of the inner pipe (1-1) is threadedly connected to the front connecting pipe (2-8); the front end of the outer pipe (1-2) is conical and the rear end is open; the outer pipe (1-2) is made of recycled material and passes through the outer side of the inner pipe (1-1); the outer surface of the outer pipe (1-2) is covered with a front filter layer (1-3).

3. The retrievable anchor core and drainage anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the anchor core (2-6) is covered with a protective tube (2-9), and anti-corrosion grease is filled between the anchor core (2-6) and the protective tube (2-9).

4. The retrievable anchor core and drainage anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end face of the front stop plug (2-4) abuts against the rear plate face of the bearing plate (2-1), the rear end face of the front stop plug (2-4) is fastened by a locking ring (2-10), the locking ring (2-10) is threadedly matched with the rear connecting pipe (2-2), or the locking ring (2-10) abuts against a clamping block (2-11) fixed to the outer periphery of the rear connecting pipe (2-2); the front stop plug (2-4) is a rubber plate, and the rubber plate is one layer or at least two layers.

5. The retrievable anchor core and drainage anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rear stop plug (2-12) is also provided at the periphery of the junction between the front section pipe body and the rear section pipe body of the casing (2-3). The rear stop plug (2-12) is located at the rear end of the grouting area (2-5) and abuts against the front end of the rear pipe body (3-1); the outer surface of the rear pipe body (3-1) is covered with a rear filter layer (3-2).

6. The retrievable anchor core and drainage anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping plate (2-7) comprises a columnar connecting portion (2-7-1), the front end of the anchor core (2-6) is fixedly connected to the center of a bottom surface of the connecting portion (2-7-1), the outer periphery of the connecting portion (2-7-1) is provided with at least one blade (2-7-2) along its radial direction, the outer edge of each blade (2-7-2) is in an arc shape, and the corresponding center of each arc coincides and is located on the axis of the anchor core (2-6).

7. The retrievable anchor core and drainage anchor rod according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: An axial stopper (2-13) is fixed to the front end of the anchor core (2-6) and is used to prevent the anchor core (2-6) from being inserted into the connection hole.

8. The retrievable anchor core and drainage anchor rod according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bearing plate (2-1) is also provided with an annular limiting member (2-14) that abuts against the clamping plate (2-7). When the clamping plate (2-7) abuts against the annular limiting member (2-14), the clamping plate (2-7) is aligned with the connection hole, or the clamping plate (2-7) is misaligned with the connection hole.

9. A method for constructing an anchor rod with a retrievable anchor core and drainage, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Drilling and cleaning anchor holes; S2. Take out the rear tube body (3-1) of the "recoverable anchor core and drainage anchor rod" as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 from the rear end of the casing (2-3) and insert it into the anchor hole; S3, grouting into the grouting area (2-5); S4, inserting the rear tube body (3-1) between the anchor hole and the sleeve (2-3), and then installing the anchor head (4); S5. When the anchor core (2-6) is recovered, the anchor core (2-6) is rotated, and the clamping plate (2-7) and the anchor core (2-6) are taken out and recovered.

10. The construction method of the recyclable anchor core and the drainage anchor rod according to claim 9, characterized in that: The anchor hole penetrates the sliding surface or the potential sliding surface, and the sliding surface and the potential sliding surface are located in the rear permeable section (L3).

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