Composite material pressure container of vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite material pressure vessel of a vehicle, and relates to the field of vehicle pressure vessels, the composite material pressure vessel comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, and further comprises gradient reinforcing ribs between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the lengths of the adjacent ribs on the gradient reinforcing ribs are gradually decreased or increased, so that the gradient reinforcing ribs can be continuously connected in the subsequent connecting process, and the connecting efficiency of the composite material pressure vessel is improved. And the connecting parts of the ribs on the gradient reinforcing ribs are not in the same circumferential direction of the pressure vessel. According to the composite material pressure vessel of the vehicle, the gradient reinforcing ribs are different from traditional reinforcing ribs with the same length, and the lengths of the ribs on the gradient reinforcing ribs are distributed in a gradient step-by-step mode instead of the same circumferential direction of the inner cylinder, so that the gradient reinforcing ribs can better disperse stress at the butt joint positions of the gradient reinforcing ribs; and when the pressure container bears internal pressure, the deformation of the container is more uniform, the deformation or damage caused by overlarge local stress is reduced, and a better use prospect is brought.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of vehicle pressure vessels, in particular to a composite material pressure vessel for a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The application of vehicle pressure vessels in vehicles is mainly to provide power sources or to meet the air supply needs of other on-board systems.

[0003] Vehicle pressure vessels are mostly formed in one piece. The structural strength of multi-layer pressure vessels is obviously better than that of single-layer pressure vessels. Multi-layer pressure vessels are mainly characterized by the presence of two layers, the inner layer for storage and the outer layer for protection. The inner layer is mostly made of carbon fiber materials, and the outer layer is alloy steel, which is composited with these materials. There are reinforcing ribs between the outer layer and the inner layer of the pressure vessel in order to improve the structural stability and pressure resistance of the container. Most of the reinforcing ribs are equal-length reinforcing ribs arranged along the circumference of the pressure vessel, which are mainly used to resist axial pressure or support the container. The pressure and stress borne by the pressure vessel at different parts are not the same. If the reinforcing ribs are of equal length, it is impossible to better cope with the uneven distribution of pressure and stress in the container, and the self-stress of the connection part of the equal-length reinforcing ribs is too concentrated in the same circumference of the container. For this reason, we propose a composite pressure vessel for a vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0004] [Technical issues solved] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a composite pressure vessel for a vehicle, which has advantages such as gradient reinforcement ribs and can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0005]

Technical solution

[0006] Preferably, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are fixedly connected by any one of the methods known to those skilled in the art, and the gradient reinforcement ribs are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the outer cylinder and the end are made of high-strength steel materials such as Cr-Mo steel, such as SA387, SA516, etc.

[0008] Preferably, the inner cylinder is integrally formed of a composite material such as carbon fiber, and is coated with a plastic lining, such as a plastic material such as polyethylene or polyamide, to prevent the high-pressure fluid therein from penetrating.

[0009] Preferably, the length difference between adjacent ribs on the gradient reinforcement rib is 1% to 5% of the inner cylinder diameter.

[0010] Preferably, the length difference between adjacent ribs on the gradient reinforcement rib should not be too small, otherwise the stress may not be effectively dispersed. The length difference should not be too large to avoid local stress concentration or structural imbalance. It is better for the length difference not to exceed 8% of the inner tube diameter.

[0011] Preferably, the length difference between adjacent ribs on the gradient reinforcement rib is 2% of the inner cylinder diameter.

[0012] Preferably, two gradient reinforcement ribs are arranged on the inner cylinder, the two gradient reinforcement ribs are fixedly connected facing each other based on the ribs thereon, and the two gradient reinforcement ribs are closely arranged on the outer wall of the inner cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, a cinch ring is provided on the rib of the gradient reinforcement rib, and the cinch ring matches the structural size of the neck on the inner tube, and the gradient reinforcement rib and the inner tube are fixedly installed by the cinch ring.

[0014] Preferably, a rib on one gradient reinforcing rib is provided with a bending portion at a side section adjacent to another gradient reinforcing rib, and a rib on the other gradient reinforcing rib is provided with a through groove at a side section adjacent to one gradient reinforcing rib.

[0015] Preferably, in the process of docking two gradient reinforcing ribs, the rib on the gradient reinforcing rib with a bending portion can be extended into the through groove opened on the rib of the corresponding gradient reinforcing rib, and then the rib is bent by the bending portion to form a preliminary fixation. If the material strength of the gradient reinforcing rib allows or the thickness of the bending portion allows, this can be used as the docking fixation method. Otherwise, further fixing treatment such as welding is required after the preliminary fixation.

[0016] Preferably, the outer cylinder comprises an outer cylinder body and two ends, a snap fit portion is provided on the end of the outer cylinder body or the end for docking, and a docking portion is provided on the end docking with the outer cylinder body or the end or on the outer cylinder body corresponding to the snap fit portion.

[0017] Preferably, the contact surface of the engaging portion corresponding to the docking portion, and the contact surface of the docking portion corresponding to the engaging portion should be polished. During the docking process, lubrication can also be performed to facilitate smooth docking of the end portion with the outer cylinder.

[0018] Preferably, an anti-pull portion is provided on the docking portion, and the structures of the anti-pull portion and the engaging portion match each other, so that the outer cylinder and the end portion form a tensile connection after docking.

[0019] Preferably, the inner cylinder is integrally formed or assembled in a structure similar to the outer cylinder and the end.

[0020] Preferably, when the inner cylinder is assembled and formed using a structure similar to that of the outer cylinder and the end, a fitting portion having a length greater than that of the fitting portion is provided on the inner side of the outer cylinder or the end having a docking portion provided in the inner cylinder, so that the outer cylinder or the end with the docking portion and the fitting portion forms an inner and outer covering on the position of the locking portion on the outer cylinder or the end docked therewith.

[0021] Preferably, at least one sealing ring is sleeved on the outer side of the fitting portion.

[0022] Preferably, at least one mounting portion is provided on the fitting portion, and a sealing ring is sleeved on the mounting portion.

[0023] Preferably, the sealing ring is an "O" type or "D" type or other sealing ring-shaped sealing ring that achieves good sealing performance.

[0024]

Beneficial Effects

[0025] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a composite pressure vessel for a vehicle according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural analysis diagram of a composite pressure vessel for a vehicle according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a sectional view of the connection state between the outer cylinder and the end portion of a composite material pressure vessel for a vehicle of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a disassembled state analysis diagram of the outer cylinder and the end of a composite material pressure vessel for a vehicle according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of an outer cylinder in a composite pressure vessel of a vehicle.

[0030] Figure 6The structure of the gradient reinforcement rib in the composite pressure vessel of a vehicle of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 1 .

[0031] Figure 7 The structure of the gradient reinforcement rib in the composite pressure vessel of a vehicle of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 2 .

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of a gradient reinforcing rib in a composite pressure vessel of a vehicle as a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Outer cylinder; 2. End; 3. Gradient reinforcement ribs; 4. Inner cylinder; 11. docking part; 12. anti-pull part; 13. mounting part; 14. sealing ring; 15. fitting part; 21. Clamping part; 31. Cuff ring; 311. bending portion; 312. through groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and functional effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] [Example 1] In order to address the shortcomings of the existing technology, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the present invention provides a composite pressure vessel for a vehicle, comprising an outer tube and an inner tube 4, and also comprising gradient reinforcing ribs 3 between the outer tube and the inner tube 4, wherein the lengths of adjacent ribs on the gradient reinforcing ribs 3 decrease or increase step by step, so that in the subsequent connection process of the gradient reinforcing ribs 3, the connection parts of the ribs on the gradient reinforcing ribs 3 are not on the same circumferential direction of the pressure vessel; The outer cylinder and the inner cylinder 4 are fixedly connected by any one of the methods known to those skilled in the art, and the reinforcing ribs are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder 4; the outer cylinder body 1 and the end portion 2 are made of high-strength steel materials such as Cr-Mo steel, such as SA387, SA516, etc.; the inner cylinder 4 is integrally formed of a composite material such as carbon fiber, and is coated with a plastic lining, such as a plastic material such as polyethylene and polyamide, to prevent the high-pressure fluid therein from penetrating.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the structure of the pressure vessel is not limited to a cylinder, and can be any shape that is common sense for those skilled in the art, such as a square or other shapes; During the assembly of the pressure vessel, a layer of reinforcing ribs is coated and installed on the outside of the inner cylinder 4, and then the outer cylinder body 1 and the end portion 2 are installed on the outside of the inner cylinder 4 coated with the reinforcing ribs; In this embodiment, the materials of the outer cylinder 1, the end portion 2 and the inner cylinder 4 can be replaced by any material of equal strength and utility that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0037] Specifically, Figure 3 , 4 As shown, an outer cylinder 1 and an end 2 for a composite material pressure vessel of a vehicle, the outer cylinder comprising the outer cylinder 1 and two end 2, a clamping portion 21 is provided on the end of the outer cylinder 1 or the end 2 for docking, and a docking portion 11 is provided on the end 2 docking with the outer cylinder 1 or the end 2 or on the end of the outer cylinder 1 corresponding to the clamping portion 21; the contact surface of the clamping portion 21 corresponding to the docking portion 11 and the contact surface of the docking portion 11 corresponding to the clamping portion 21 should be polished, and lubrication can also be performed during the docking process, so that the end 2 and the outer cylinder 1 can be docked smoothly; The butt joint 11 is provided with an anti-pull portion 12, and the butt joint 11 is based on the structure of the anti-pull portion 12 and the engaging portion 21, so that the outer cylinder 1 and the end portion 2 form a tensile connection after butt joint; In this embodiment, if Figure 3 , 4 In the structural state shown, the engaging portion 21 is provided on the end portion 2, and the butting portion 11 is provided on the outer cylinder 1, and vice versa.

[0038] It should be noted that the present invention is a composite pressure vessel for a vehicle, wherein the outer cylinder 1 and the end 2 are provided, and in the process of butt-jointing the outer cylinder 1 and the end 2, the butt-jointing of one end 2 and the outer cylinder 1 is taken as an example. Figure 3 In the structural state shown, the outer cylinder 1 is aligned with the end 2 based on the docking portion 11 thereon and the snap-fit ​​portion 21 on the end 2, and then a certain pressure is applied in the axial direction of the end 2 or the outer cylinder 1 so that the snap-fit ​​portion 21 on the end 2 docks with the inside of the docking portion 11, so that the outer cylinder 1 docks with the end 2.

[0039] In order to completely connect the end portion 2 with the outer cylinder 1, polishing is performed on the engaging portion 21 and the connecting portion 11. After the connection is completed, if the connecting portion 11 is warped, it needs to be reshaped and reset.

[0040] [Example 2] Based on the above embodiment 1, different from the above embodiment 1, the inner cylinder 4 is replaced by a cylinder with a structure of an outer cylinder body 1 and an end 2. When the inner cylinder 4 is fixedly connected with an assembled structure similar to the outer cylinder body 1 and the end 2, the inner cylinder 4 is in direct contact with the fluid, and the sealing of the inner cylinder 4 needs to be ensured. Generally, the joints on the inner cylinder 4 need to be welded, wherein: (1) Due to the structural form of the assembled pressure vessel, the single-sided welding process can basically meet the sealing requirements of the inner tube 4, but there will be stress concentration caused by the weld on the inner side of the inner tube 4, especially under high pressure environment; (2) The double-sided welding process requires that the welding gun can reach the welding position. Therefore, the technical cost of the double-sided welding process is relatively high. To this end, this embodiment is proposed: Specific, and Figure 3 , 4 As shown, an inner cylinder 4 for a composite pressure vessel of a vehicle, the inner cylinder 4 is integrally formed or assembled in a similar structure to the outer cylinder 1 and the end 2; When the inner cylinder 4 is assembled and formed in a structure similar to the outer cylinder 1 and the end 2, a fitting portion 15 having a length greater than that of the butt joint 11 is provided on the inner side of the outer cylinder 1 or the end 2 provided with the butt joint 11 in the inner cylinder 4, so that the outer cylinder 1 or the end 2 provided with the butt joint 11 and the fitting portion 15 forms an inner and outer covering on the position of the clamping portion 21 on the outer cylinder 1 or the end 2 provided with the butt joint 11 and the fitting portion 15; At least one sealing ring 14 is sleeved on the outer side of the fitting portion 15 of the outer cylinder body 1 or the end portion 2 in the inner cylinder 4; at least one mounting portion 13 is opened on the fitting portion 15, and the sealing ring 14 is sleeved on the mounting portion 13; the sealing ring 14 is an "O" type or "D" type or other sealing ring that achieves good sealing performance.

[0041] It should be noted that the present invention is a composite pressure vessel for a vehicle, wherein the inner cylinder 4 is provided, and when the inner cylinder 4 is formed by the outer cylinder 1 and the end 2, in order to realize the internal self-sealing of the inner cylinder 4, the fitting portion 15 on the outer cylinder 1 is extended to the inner wall of the end 2, such as Figure 3 The structural state shown in the figure, and an "O" type or "D" type or other sealing ring is installed on the mounting portion 13 of the fitting portion 15 to achieve good sealing performance; Because the inner cylinder 4 is modularly designed through the structure of the outer cylinder 1 and the end 2, when the interior of the inner cylinder 4 is filled with high-pressure fluid, a tensile connection is formed between the snap-fit ​​portion 21 on the end 2 and the anti-tension portion 12 on the outer cylinder 1.

[0042] Among them, when the inner cylinder 4 with a similar structure to the outer cylinder 1 and the end 2 is connected, in order to ensure good sealing of the inner cylinder 4, it is necessary to perform any sealing and fixing treatment at the external connection point of the outer cylinder 1 and the end 2, such as welding and / or coating of sealant.

[0043] It is worth mentioning that Figure 5 In the structural state shown, the cylinder can be replaced according to the required size of the pressure vessel, so that the end 2 of the same structural size can be adapted to cylinders of different lengths, so as to be suitable for a variety of application scenarios, such as pressure vessels of different models or different purposes; and in the process of assembly or subsequent operation and maintenance, the cylinder can be flexibly replaced according to actual conditions without the need to re-manufacture the entire container, which greatly improves the adaptability of the system; in addition, as the demand changes, the existing pressure vessel system can be upgraded by replacing a new cylinder to extend the service life; from the perspective of manufacturing cost, not only can modularization be used for safety testing separately to avoid scrapping the entire pressure vessel, but also reduces storage costs; In addition, a fitting portion 15 having a length greater than that of the anti-tension portion 12 is used to form a support at the end portion 2 or inside the outer cylinder 1. As shown in this embodiment, after the outer cylinder 1 is butted against the end portion 2, the fitting portion 15 is butted against the inner side of the end portion 2, and the butting portion 11 is butted against the outer side of the end portion 2. At the joint between the end portion 2 and the outer cylinder 1, the inner and outer sides are butted against each other at the same time, forming a "claw-type butt joint", which makes the overall butt joint between the outer cylinder 1 and the end portion 2 tighter, so as to minimize the risk of deformation of the outer cylinder 1 and the end portion 2 under high-pressure conditions and improve the pressure resistance of the pressure vessel. A sealing ring 14 is provided therein. In this state, only the outer layer butt joints of the outer cylinder 1 and the end portion 2 need to be butt welded, and no additional fitting treatment is required during the welding process, so as to simplify the process and reduce the number of welds, reduce the operating difficulty of the welding process, and ensure the sealing performance of the butt-welded pressure vessel.

[0044] [Example 3] Based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1 or 2, this embodiment is proposed, further: like Figure 2 As shown, a composite pressure vessel for a vehicle, in this embodiment, the reinforcing ribs are gradient reinforcing ribs 3; two gradient reinforcing ribs 3 are arranged on the inner tube 4, the two gradient reinforcing ribs 3 are fixedly connected facing each other based on the ribs thereon, and the two gradient reinforcing ribs 3 are tightly arranged on the outer wall of the inner tube 4; a cuff ring 31 is arranged on the ribs of the gradient reinforcing rib 3, the cuff ring 31 is matched with the structural size of the neck on the inner tube 4, and the gradient reinforcing rib 3 and the inner tube 4 are fixedly installed by the cuff ring 31.

[0045] Specifically, a gradient reinforcing rib 3 used in a composite pressure vessel of a vehicle has a length difference between adjacent ribs on the gradient reinforcing rib 3 of 1% to 5% of the diameter of the inner tube 4; the length difference between adjacent ribs on the gradient reinforcing rib 3 should not be too small, otherwise the stress may not be effectively dispersed, and the length difference should not be too large to avoid local stress concentration or structural imbalance. It is better that the length difference does not exceed 8% of the diameter of the inner tube 4, and it is better that the length difference between adjacent ribs on the gradient reinforcing rib 3 is 2% of the diameter of the inner tube 4.

[0046] It should be noted that the present invention is a composite material pressure vessel for a vehicle. By setting gradient reinforcing ribs 3, assuming that the diameter of the pressure vessel is 50 cm, the length difference between the gradient reinforcing ribs 3 can be set to 2% of the diameter, that is, 1 cm.

[0047] It is worth mentioning that the gradient reinforcement ribs 3 are different from the traditional reinforcement ribs with the same length. Since the lengths of the ribs on the gradient reinforcement ribs 3 are distributed step by step in a gradient manner, and are not in the same circumferential direction of the inner tube 4, the gradient reinforcement ribs 3 can better disperse the stress at the joints thereon, avoid local stress concentration, and when the pressure vessel is subjected to internal pressure, the deformation of the container is more uniform, reducing deformation or damage caused by excessive local stress. In addition, by providing the fully enclosed gradient reinforcing ribs 3, the pressure vessel can be modularly designed and can better cope with the axial pressure inside the pressure vessel.

[0048] Among them, in some pressure vessels with horizontal filling ports or valves, that is, the filling ports or valves are opened perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cylinder, because the filling ports and valves are subject to greater pressure, the longer ribs on the gradient reinforcement ribs 3 can be placed near the filling ports or valves, so that the cylinder can be further reinforced.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, a rib on one gradient reinforcing rib 3 is provided with a bending portion 311 on a side section adjacent to another gradient reinforcing rib 3, and a rib on another gradient reinforcing rib 3 is provided with a through groove 312 on a side section adjacent to one gradient reinforcing rib 3; In the process of docking two gradient reinforcing ribs 3, the rib on the gradient reinforcing rib 3 with the bending portion 311 can be extended into the through groove 312 opened on the rib of the corresponding gradient reinforcing rib 3, and then the rib is bent by the bending portion 311 to form a preliminary fixation. If the material strength of the gradient reinforcing rib 3 allows or the thickness of the bending portion 311 allows, this can be used as the docking fixation method. Otherwise, further fixing treatment, such as welding, is required after the preliminary fixation.

[0050] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for illustrating the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed for protection.

Claims

1. A composite pressure vessel for a vehicle, comprising an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder (4), characterized in that: It also includes gradient reinforcement ribs (3) between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder (4), wherein the lengths of adjacent ribs on the gradient reinforcement ribs (3) decrease or increase step by step, so that during the subsequent connection process of the gradient reinforcement ribs (3), the connection parts of the ribs on the gradient reinforcement ribs (3) are not on the same circumferential direction of the pressure vessel.

2. The composite pressure vessel for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length difference between adjacent ribs on the gradient reinforcement rib (3) is 1% to 5% of the diameter of the inner cylinder (4).

3. The composite pressure vessel for a vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length difference between adjacent ribs on the gradient reinforcement rib (3) is 2% of the diameter of the inner cylinder (4).

4. The composite pressure vessel for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two gradient reinforcement ribs (3) are arranged on the inner cylinder (4), the two gradient reinforcement ribs (3) are fixedly connected facing each other based on the ribs thereon, and the two gradient reinforcement ribs (3) are tightly arranged on the outer wall of the inner cylinder (4).

5. The composite pressure vessel for a vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rib on one gradient reinforcement rib (3) is provided with a bending portion (311) at a side section adjacent to another gradient reinforcement rib (3), and a rib on the other gradient reinforcement rib (3) is provided with a through groove (312) at a side section adjacent to one gradient reinforcement rib (3).

6. The composite pressure vessel for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer cylinder comprises an outer cylinder body (1) and two end parts (2); a clamping part (21) is provided on the end part of the outer cylinder body (1) or the end part (2) for docking; and a docking part (11) is provided on the end part (2) docking with the outer cylinder body (1) or the end part (2) or on the end of the outer cylinder body (1) corresponding to the clamping part (21).

7. The composite pressure vessel for a vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The butt joint (11) is provided with an anti-pull portion (12), and the butt joint (11) is structured in accordance with the anti-pull portion (12) and the engaging portion (21), so that the outer cylinder (1) and the end portion (2) form a tensile connection after butt joint.

8. The composite pressure vessel for a vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner cylinder (4) is integrally formed or assembled in a similar structural form to the outer cylinder (1) and the end portion (2).

9. The composite pressure vessel for a vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the inner cylinder (4) is assembled and formed in a structure similar to that of the outer cylinder (1) and the end portion (2), a fitting portion (15) having a length greater than that of the butt joint portion (11) is provided on the inner side of the outer cylinder (1) or the end portion (2) provided with the butt joint portion (11) in the inner cylinder (4), so that the outer cylinder (1) or the end portion (2) provided with the butt joint portion (11) and the fitting portion (15) forms an inner and outer covering on the position of the engaging portion (21) on the outer cylinder (1) or the end portion (2) that is butt jointed therewith.

10. The composite pressure vessel for a vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that: At least one sealing ring (14) is sleeved on the outer side of the fitting portion (15).

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