Combustion chamber wall with local reinforcement of cooling holes and swirled combustion chamber

Abstract

The application provides a combustion chamber wall surface with locally encrypted cooling holes and a swirl combustion chamber, and comprises a combustion chamber wall surface; a plurality of cooling holes are arranged on the combustion chamber wall surface, and the cooling holes are distributed according to a temperature distribution curve of the combustion chamber wall surface. According to the application, the plurality of cooling holes are distributed according to the temperature distribution curve of the combustion chamber wall surface, the spacing between the cooling holes and adjacent holes is directly related to the local temperature, the cooling holes are denser in the place with higher temperature, the cooling effect is improved, the wall surface temperature is reduced, and the generation of local high temperature is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of combustion chamber structure, specifically to combustion chamber walls with locally reinforced cooling holes and swirling combustion chambers. Background Technology

[0002] The combustion chamber walls of gas turbines operate in extreme high-temperature environments, requiring highly efficient cooling methods to ensure their safety and lifespan. However, advanced combustion methods demand a large amount of air for combustion rather than as cooling air; therefore, improving cooling efficiency with limited air volume is crucial. Research reveals inventions related to divergent cooling walls in combustion chambers. For example, patent CN113217949A proposes a divergent cooling structure for a combustion chamber and a ramjet engine combustion chamber, reducing the required cooling air volume and improving engine specific impulse and thrust performance. Patent CN203769943U discloses engine structural components and a divergent cooling structure. However, these inventions suffer from the following drawbacks: the extensive use of swirling flow to stabilize the flame in the combustion chamber leads to localized high temperatures and hot spots, resulting in significantly lower localized cooling efficiency than the design point. Furthermore, the walls mentioned in these inventions all employ uniformly distributed cooling holes, failing to address the problem of localized high temperatures. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a combustion chamber wall with locally reinforced cooling holes and a swirling combustion chamber.

[0004] A combustion chamber wall with locally reinforced cooling holes according to the present invention includes: a combustion chamber wall;

[0005] Multiple cooling holes are provided on the combustion chamber wall, and the cooling holes are distributed according to the temperature distribution curve of the combustion chamber wall:

[0006] The axial positions of cooling holes in the same row are the same, and the axial distance between different rows of cooling holes and adjacent cooling holes is inversely proportional to the average wall temperature near the corresponding row of cooling holes, and satisfies the following:

[0007] S y,i T w,i α =S y,j T w,j α

[0008] In the formula, i and j represent the i-th and j-th rows of cooling holes, Sy is the average axial distance between the cooling hole and the two adjacent rows of cooling holes, Tw is the average wall temperature of the corresponding row of cooling holes, and α is the axial density coefficient.

[0009] Preferably, the cooling holes on the wall are arranged in such a way that the distance between any cooling hole and its adjacent cooling hole is inversely proportional to the wall temperature near the corresponding cooling hole, and satisfies the following:

[0010] S x,m T w,m β =S x,n T w,n β

[0011] In the formula, m and n represent the m-th and n-th cooling holes, Sx is the average lateral distance between the cooling hole and the two adjacent rows of cooling holes, Tw is the average temperature of the corresponding cooling hole wall, and β is the lateral density coefficient.

[0012] Preferably, the axial encryption coefficient α and the transverse encryption coefficient β are in the range of 0.5-1.5.

[0013] Preferably, the inclination angle θ of the cooling hole is 20-30°.

[0014] Preferably, the total number of cooling holes remains unchanged after being distributed according to the temperature distribution curve.

[0015] Preferably, a swirling combustion chamber with a combustion chamber wall that is partially reinforced with the cooling holes includes: a combustion chamber wall, a flame tube, a swirler, and a cold air chamber;

[0016] A cyclone separator is installed at one end of the flame tube, and a combustion chamber wall with cooling holes distributed according to a temperature distribution curve is installed inside the flame tube. The combustion chamber wall separates the cavity inside the flame tube into a cold air chamber.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. This application distributes multiple cooling holes according to the temperature distribution curve of the combustion chamber wall. Since the distance between the cooling holes and adjacent holes is directly related to the local temperature, the cooling holes are more dense in areas with higher temperatures, which improves the cooling effect, reduces the wall temperature, and helps to avoid the generation of local high temperatures.

[0019] 2. This application keeps the total number of cooling holes constant, which allows for adjustment of the wall temperature without changing the amount of cooling air, thus preventing localized high temperatures. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the distribution of cooling holes;

[0022] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the swirl combustion chamber structure;

[0023] Figure 3 The temperature distribution on the wall surface with uniformly distributed cooling holes, obtained through Fluent calculations;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the axial temperature distribution of the wall surface.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the transverse temperature distribution of the wall surface.

[0026] As shown in the figure:

[0027] Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a cooling hole arrangement method suitable for swirl combustion chambers. This arrangement method can adaptively adjust the arrangement of cooling holes according to the wall temperature, improve the wall temperature, and prevent hot spots.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment includes: a combustion chamber wall 1, a flame tube 2, a swirler 3, and a cold air chamber 4; a swirler 3 is installed at one end of the flame tube 2, and a combustion chamber wall 1 with cooling holes distributed according to the temperature distribution curve is installed inside the flame tube 2, and the combustion chamber wall 1 separates the cavity inside the flame tube 2 into the cold air chamber 4.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, multiple cooling holes are provided on the combustion chamber wall 1, and the multiple cooling holes are distributed according to the temperature distribution curve of the combustion chamber wall 1:

[0033] The axial positions of cooling holes in the same row are the same, and the axial distance between different rows of cooling holes and adjacent cooling holes is inversely proportional to the average wall temperature near the corresponding row of cooling holes, and satisfies the following:

[0034] S y,i T w,i α =S y,j T w,j α

[0035] In the formula, i and j represent the i-th row along the flow direction ( Figure 1 The vertical column) and the j-th row of cooling holes, Sy is the average axial distance between the cooling hole and the two adjacent rows of cooling holes, Tw is the average wall temperature of the corresponding row of cooling holes, and α is the axial density coefficient.

[0036] The wall surface along the horizontal direction ( Figure 1 The cooling holes are arranged in a horizontal row such that the distance between any cooling hole and its adjacent cooling hole is inversely proportional to the wall temperature near the corresponding cooling hole, and satisfies the following:

[0037] S x,m T w,m β =S x,n T w,n β

[0038] In the formula, m and n represent the m-th and n-th cooling holes, Sx is the average lateral distance between the cooling hole and the two adjacent rows of cooling holes, Tw is the average temperature of the corresponding cooling hole wall, and β is the lateral density coefficient.

[0039] In one embodiment, the axial encryption coefficient α and the lateral encryption coefficient β range from 0.5 to 1.5.

[0040] In one embodiment, the inclination angle θ of the cooling hole is 20-30°.

[0041] In one implementation, the total number of cooling holes remains unchanged after they are distributed according to the temperature distribution curve.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] Example 2 is a preferred example of Example 1.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment can be achieved through the following technical solution: A uniformly distributed cooling structure for the combustion chamber wall 1 is established using UG. The temperature distribution of the combustion chamber wall 1 is calculated using Fluent, with the main flow being high-temperature combustion gas at 1800K and the cooling air at 300K. Based on the calculated wall temperature, the arrangement of the radiating cooling holes on the combustion chamber wall 1 is adjusted. Specifically, for different rows of cooling holes distributed along the axial direction, the average axial distance between each row of holes and adjacent rows is inversely proportional to the average temperature of the wall surface of that row of cooling holes. Within the same row, the lateral distance between a single cooling hole and an adjacent cooling hole is inversely proportional to the average temperature of the wall surface of that cooling hole, while the total number of cooling holes remains constant. The degree of cooling hole arrangement is adjusted using axial and lateral density coefficients.

[0045] like Figure 3 The figure shows the temperature distribution on the wall surface with uniformly distributed cooling holes, obtained through Fluent calculations.

[0046] The average axial distance between different rows of cooling holes and their adjacent rows of holes satisfies the following relationship:

[0047] S y,i T w,i α =S y,j T w,j α

[0048] This formula applies to a row of cooling holes. In the formula, i and j represent the i-th and j-th rows of cooling holes, Sy is the average axial distance between this cooling hole and the two adjacent rows of cooling holes, Tw is the average wall temperature of this row of cooling holes, and α is the axial density coefficient, which can adjust the degree of cooling hole density. The higher the average wall temperature and the smaller the axial distance, the denser the cooling holes.

[0049] The average lateral distance between a single cooling hole and its adjacent holes satisfies the following relationship:

[0050] S x,m T w,m β =S x,n T w,n β

[0051] This formula applies to a single cooling hole. In the formula, m and n represent the m-th and n-th cooling holes, Sx is the average lateral distance between this cooling hole and the two adjacent rows of cooling holes, Tw is the average wall temperature of this cooling hole, and β is the lateral density coefficient, which can adjust the degree of cooling hole density. The higher the wall temperature, the smaller the lateral distance, and the denser the cooling holes.

[0052] In one embodiment, the axial encryption coefficient α and the lateral encryption coefficient β range from 0.5 to 1.5.

[0053] In one embodiment, the total number of cooling holes remains unchanged compared to the original method.

[0054] Figure 4 To optimize the axial temperature distribution on the wall surface, the axial density index α ranges from 0.5 to 1.5. As the axial density index α increases, the maximum temperature of the wall surface gradually decreases. Figure 5 To optimize the lateral temperature distribution on the wall surface, the lateral densification index β ranges from 0.5 to 1.5. As β increases, the lateral temperature distribution on the wall surface tends to become more uniform. The overall wall temperature distribution after densification is essentially the same, and the maximum temperature value is significantly reduced. This method can avoid the generation of localized high temperatures and eliminate hot spots while maintaining relatively consistent overall cooling performance.

[0055] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0056] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A combustion chamber wall with locally reinforced cooling holes, characterized in that, include: Combustion chamber wall (1); Multiple cooling holes are provided on the combustion chamber wall (1), and the multiple cooling holes are distributed according to the temperature distribution curve of the combustion chamber wall (1): The axial positions of cooling holes in the same row are the same, and the axial distance between different rows of cooling holes and adjacent rows of cooling holes is inversely proportional to the average wall temperature near the corresponding row of cooling holes, and satisfies the following: In the formula, i and j represent the i-th and j-th rows of cooling holes along the flow direction, Sy is the average axial distance between the cooling hole and the two adjacent rows of cooling holes, Tw is the average wall temperature of the corresponding row of cooling holes, and α is the axial density coefficient. The cooling holes on the wall are arranged in such a way that the lateral distance between any cooling hole and its adjacent cooling hole is inversely proportional to the wall temperature near the corresponding cooling hole, and satisfies the following: In the formula, m and n represent the m-th and n-th cooling holes, Sx is the average lateral distance between the cooling hole and the two adjacent cooling holes, Tw is the wall temperature near the corresponding cooling hole, and β is the lateral density coefficient. The total number of cooling holes remains unchanged after being distributed according to the temperature distribution curve.

2. The combustion chamber wall with locally reinforced cooling holes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The axial encryption coefficient α and the transverse encryption coefficient β range from 0.5 to 1.

5.

3. The combustion chamber wall with locally reinforced cooling holes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tilt angle θ of the cooling hole is 20-30°.

4. A swirl combustion chamber, characterized in that: The combustion chamber wall adopts the locally reinforced cooling holes as described in any one of claims 1-3.

5. The swirl combustion chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that, include: Combustion chamber wall (1), flame tube (2), swirler (3), and cold air chamber (4); A swirler (3) is installed at one end of the flame tube (2). A combustion chamber wall (1) with cooling holes distributed according to the temperature distribution curve is installed inside the flame tube (2). The combustion chamber wall (1) separates the cavity inside the flame tube (2) into a cold air chamber (4).

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