Kiln with waste heat utilization structure and using method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of kilns, in particular to a kiln with a waste heat utilization structure. The waste heat utilization structure comprises a heat accumulator, a cracking device, a waste heat generator set, a spraying device and a condenser; the heat accumulator comprises a heat absorption channel and a heat release channel; a nickel-based catalyst is arranged in the cracking device; a liquid pump, a spraying chamber and a solution tank are arranged in the spraying device, the spraying chamber is communicated with the solution tank through the liquid pump, a NaOH solution is contained in the solution tank, and waste heat of the waste heat generator set is used for heating the solution tank; the condenser comprises a liquid collecting pipe; by means of the heat accumulator, sensible heat of high-temperature tail gas exhausted from the furnace body can be recycled, and primary utilization is achieved; tar is decomposed through a nickel-based catalyst, the subsequent combustion effect is improved, and secondary utilization is achieved; the waste heat generator set is used for generating power for waste heat and heating the solution tank, so that three-stage utilization and four-stage utilization are realized; the wood vinegar solution is obtained through condensation of the condenser, and environmental pollution is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of kilns, and in particular to a kiln with a waste heat utilization structure and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Mechanism charcoal, as the name implies, is charcoal made by machines. It is also called artificial charcoal, regenerated charcoal, and smokeless clean charcoal. It is a carbonaceous rod made by squeezing wood chips. The raw materials of charcoal rods are widely available, with sawdust, wood shavings, and bamboo chips being the best. The processed carbonaceous rods are then carbonized in a kiln to form mechanism charcoal. However, since the raw materials of charcoal rods are widely available, and the tail gas is high temperature and contains many combustible gases, such as carbon monoxide, methane, and hydrogen; therefore, the prior art uses these combustible gases and heat for use, but since the gases generated by heating sawdust, wood shavings, and bamboo chips contain tar, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide; during the recovery process, tar is easy to block the recovery pipeline, and carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide are easy to corrode the recovery pipeline; especially when bamboo chips are used as the main raw material of charcoal rods, the tail gas will generate wood vinegar after cooling. Wood vinegar is a liquid containing harmful components such as organic acids and volatile acids, and has the characteristics of corrosiveness, flammability, and toxicity. Its pH value is between 2.0 and 3.0, which is highly acidic. If it is discharged directly, it will pollute the environment. Therefore, a kiln with a waste heat utilization structure and a method of use that can process tar, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and wood acetic acid is needed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kiln with a waste heat utilization structure capable of processing tar, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and wood acetic acid, and a method of using the kiln. In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A kiln with a waste heat utilization structure, the kiln comprising a furnace body; the waste heat utilization structure comprising: a heat storage body, a cracking device, a waste heat generator set, a spray device, a condenser and an electric control system; The electric control system is electrically connected to the waste heat generator set, and the electric control system controls and transmits electricity to various equipment in the kiln with a waste heat utilization structure; The heat storage body includes a heat absorption channel and a heat release channel; The waste heat power generation unit comprises a first heat exchange pipe, a second heat exchange pipe, and a thermal power generation device, wherein the first heat exchange pipe and the second heat exchange pipe respectively exchange heat with the thermal power generation device; The cracking device has a nickel-based catalyst in it; The spray device has a liquid pump, a spray chamber and a solution tank, the spray chamber is connected to the solution tank through the liquid pump, the solution tank has a NaOH solution, and the second heat exchange pipe extends around the outer circumference of the solution tank; The furnace body includes an exhaust port, an air inlet and a combustion chamber; the exhaust port is connected to the heat absorption channel, the cracking device, the first heat exchange pipeline, the spray device, and the condenser in sequence; the air inlet is connected to the heat release channel; a water pool is also provided in the furnace body, and there is water in the water pool; The condenser comprises a liquid collecting pipe and a gas pipeline; the gas pipeline is communicated with the combustion chamber.

[0004] Preferably, the waste heat utilization structure further includes a distillation device; The distillation device comprises a distillation pipe and an open heating port arranged at the bottom of the distillation pipe, the distillation pipe is connected with the liquid collecting pipe, and the open heating port is connected with the second heat exchange pipe.

[0005] Preferably, a heating jacket is provided on the outer periphery of the collecting pipe, and the tail gas discharged from the spraying device with a temperature of less than or equal to 200° C. passes through the heating jacket and then enters the condenser.

[0006] Preferably, the waste heat utilization structure further includes an activated carbon adsorption device; the activated carbon adsorption device is arranged on the gas pipeline.

[0007] Preferably, the waste heat utilization structure further includes a drying device; the drying device is arranged on the gas pipeline between the activated carbon adsorption device and the combustion chamber.

[0008] Preferably, both ends of the second heat exchange pipe are connected to the outside, one end is an air inlet end, and the other end is an air outlet end, and a first fan is provided on the air inlet end.

[0009] Preferably, the thermal energy power generation device is a temperature difference generator.

[0010] Preferably, the heat storage body is a ceramic heat storage body.

[0011] Preferably, the combustion chamber comprises a gas inlet, an air inlet and a controller, the gas inlet is provided with a gas detection meter, the gas inlet clearance gas detection meter is connected with the gas pipeline, and the air inlet is provided with a second fan; The control obtains the type and flow of gas in the gas pipeline according to the gas detection meter, calculates the air ratio that needs to be mixed, and then controls the operation of the second fan.

[0012] In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A method for using the above-mentioned kiln with a waste heat utilization structure comprises: when the kiln with the waste heat utilization structure is working, the furnace body is started for heating, the water in the water pool evaporates faster than the tar gas and the wood vinegar gas, and the faster evaporating water vapor preheats the waste heat utilization structure to prevent the tar gas and the wood vinegar gas from being directly cooled and condensed without being treated; the temperature of the tail gas discharged from the tail gas port is 650°C-800°C, the temperature of the tail gas drops to 600°C-650°C through the heat absorption channel, and the heat release channel heats the gas entering the air inlet; the tail gas at 600°C-650°C decomposes the tar through the nickel-based catalyst while maintaining the temperature of the nickel-based catalyst; the tail gas passes through the cracking device After the exhaust gas is placed, the temperature drops to 300°C-500°C, and the exhaust gas at 300°C-500°C exchanges heat with the thermal power generation device through the first heat exchange pipeline to generate electricity; the second heat exchange pipeline dissipates heat for the thermal power generation device, and the discharge temperature of the second heat exchange pipeline is 80°C-100°C to heat the NaOH solution; the NaOH solution is sprayed through the liquid pump and then through the spray chamber to react with the exhaust gas discharged from the first heat exchange pipeline to absorb carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide in the exhaust gas, and then the exhaust gas is cooled to less than or equal to 200°C, and the exhaust gas at 200°C is condensed to obtain wood vinegar, and the wood vinegar is collected in the collecting pipe, and the exhaust gas finally discharged from the condenser is sent to the combustion chamber through the gas pipeline.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: through the heat storage body, the sensible heat of the 650℃-800℃ high-temperature tail gas discharged from the furnace body can be recovered, and then the sensible heat is used to heat the air entering the furnace body, thereby realizing the first-level utilization of the waste heat; the tail gas at 600℃-650℃ is passed through the nickel-based catalyst to decompose the tar while maintaining the temperature of the nickel-based catalyst. The nickel-based catalyst can catalytically decompose the tar at above 500℃, so that most of the tar is decomposed into methane and hydrogen, which improves the subsequent combustion effect and avoids tar clogging the channel, and also realizes the second-level utilization of the waste heat; the waste heat is used to generate electricity through the waste heat generator set to realize the third-level utilization, and the second heat exchange pipeline can perform the fourth-level utilization of the waste heat to preheat the NaOH solution. The preheated NaOH solution reacts with carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide to generate sodium carbonate solution and sodium sulfate solution, both of which are industrial alkalis and absorb acidic The gas generated at the same time can be sold as a by-product to increase revenue; the wood vinegar solution is obtained after condensation through a condenser, and the wood vinegar solution is collected and sold as a by-product, which increases revenue while avoiding environmental pollution; the final exhaust gas is burned, and since most of the tar is decomposed into methane and hydrogen, compared with traditional direct recovery, the combustion effect can be further improved, thereby reducing costs; the kiln with a waste heat utilization structure of the present application, by reasonably arranging each reaction, and then reasonably utilizing the waste heat temperature gradient, ensures that the waste heat is utilized in an orderly manner to avoid waste, realizes multi-stage waste heat utilization, and can also recycle various substances produced by carbonization, avoids pollution or blockage, and realizes zero power supply, and its own power generation can meet the requirements, reducing fuel and electricity costs and increasing by-products to improve economic effects, achieving multiple goals at one stroke. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a kiln with a waste heat utilization structure according to a specific implementation mode of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals: 1. furnace body; 11. tail gas outlet; 12. air inlet; 13. combustion chamber; 131. gas inlet; 132. air inlet; 133. second fan; 14. water tank; 2. waste heat utilization structure; 21. heat storage body; 22. cracking device; 23. waste heat power generation unit; 231. first heat exchange pipeline; 232. second heat exchange pipeline; 233. thermal power generation device; 234. first fan; 24. spray device; 241. liquid pump; 242. spray chamber; 243. solution tank; 25. condenser; 251. liquid collecting pipe; 252. gas pipeline; 253. heating jacket; 26. distillation device; 261. distillation pipe; 262. open heating port; 27. activated carbon adsorption device; 28. drying device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to explain the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following is an explanation in combination with the implementation modes and the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Please refer to Figure 1 , a kiln with a waste heat utilization structure, the kiln comprises a furnace body 1; the waste heat utilization structure 2 comprises: a heat storage body 21, a cracking device 22, a waste heat generator set 23, a spray device 24, a condenser 25 and an electric control system; The electric control system is electrically connected to the waste heat generator set 23, and the electric control system controls and transmits electricity to various equipment of the kiln with the waste heat utilization structure 2; The heat storage body 21 includes a heat absorption channel and a heat release channel; The waste heat power generation unit 23 includes a first heat exchange pipe 231, a second heat exchange pipe 232, and a thermal power generation device 233. The first heat exchange pipe 231 and the second heat exchange pipe 232 respectively exchange heat with the thermal power generation device 233. The cracking device 22 has a nickel-based catalyst in it; The spray device 24 has a liquid pump 241, a spray chamber 242 and a solution tank 243. The spray chamber 242 is connected to the solution tank 243 through the liquid pump 241. The solution tank 243 contains a NaOH solution. The second heat exchange pipe 232 extends around the outer periphery of the solution tank 243. The furnace body 1 includes an exhaust port 11, an air inlet 12 and a combustion chamber 13; the exhaust port 11 is connected to the heat absorption channel, the cracking device 22, the first heat exchange pipeline 231, the spray device 24, and the condenser 25 in sequence; the air inlet 12 is connected to the heat release channel; The condenser 25 includes a liquid collecting pipe 251 and a gas pipeline 252; the gas pipeline 252 is connected to the combustion chamber 13; When the kiln with waste heat utilization structure 2 is working, the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port 11 is 650℃-800℃, the exhaust gas temperature drops to 600℃-650℃ through the heat absorption channel, and the heat release channel heats the gas entering the air inlet 12; the exhaust gas at 600℃-650℃ decomposes the tar through the nickel-based catalyst while maintaining the temperature of the nickel-based catalyst; the exhaust gas drops to 300℃-500℃ after passing through the cracking device 22, and the exhaust gas at 300℃-500℃ exchanges heat with the thermal energy power generation device 233 through the first heat exchange pipe 231 to generate electricity; the second heat exchange pipe The heat exchange pipe 232 dissipates heat for the thermal power generation device 233, and the discharge temperature of the second heat exchange pipe 232 is 80°C-100°C to heat the NaOH solution; the NaOH solution is sprayed through the liquid pump 241 and then through the spray chamber 242 to react with the tail gas discharged from the first heat exchange pipe 231 to absorb carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide in the tail gas, and then the tail gas is cooled to less than or equal to 200°C, and the tail gas at 200°C is condensed in the condenser 25 to obtain wood vinegar, and the wood vinegar is collected in the collecting pipe 251. At the same time, the tail gas finally discharged from the condenser 25 is sent to the combustion chamber 13 through the gas pipeline 252.

[0017] From the above description, it can be known that the sensible heat of the 650℃-800℃ high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the furnace body 1 can be recovered through the heat storage body 21, and then the sensible heat is used to heat the air entering the furnace body 1, thereby realizing the first-level utilization of the waste heat; the 600℃-650℃ exhaust gas is passed through the nickel-based catalyst to decompose the tar while maintaining the temperature of the nickel-based catalyst. The nickel-based catalyst can catalytically decompose the tar at above 500℃, so that most of the tar is decomposed into methane and hydrogen, which improves the subsequent combustion effect and avoids tar clogging the channel, and also realizes the second-level utilization of the waste heat; the waste heat is used to generate electricity through the waste heat generator set 23 to realize the third-level utilization, and the second heat exchange pipe 232 can perform the fourth-level utilization of the waste heat to preheat the NaOH solution. The preheated NaOH solution reacts with carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide to generate sodium carbonate solution and sodium sulfate solution, both of which are industrial alkalis. While absorbing the acidic gas, the product can be sold as a by-product to increase revenue; after condensation through the condenser 25, the wood vinegar solution is obtained, and the wood vinegar solution is collected and sold as a by-product, which increases revenue while avoiding environmental pollution; by burning the final tail gas, since most of the tar is decomposed into methane and hydrogen, compared with the traditional direct recovery, the combustion effect can be further improved, thereby reducing costs; the kiln with a waste heat utilization structure 2 of the present application, by reasonably arranging each reaction, and then reasonably utilizing the waste heat temperature gradient, ensures that the waste heat is utilized in an orderly manner, avoids waste, realizes multi-stage waste heat utilization, and can also recycle various substances produced by carbonization, avoids pollution or blockage, and realizes zero power supply, and its own power generation can meet the requirements, reducing fuel and electricity costs and increasing by-products to improve economic effects.

[0018] Furthermore, the waste heat utilization structure 2 also includes a distillation device 26; The distillation device 26 includes a distillation pipe 261 and an open heating port 262 disposed at the bottom of the distillation pipe 261 . The distillation pipe 261 is in communication with the liquid collecting pipe 251 , and the open heating port 262 is in communication with the second heat exchange pipe 232 .

[0019] From the above description, it can be known that the distillation device 26 can be used to distill the wood acetic acid solution to obtain light components (methanol, acetone): which can be condensed and recovered for use as solvents; the middle section (acetic acid concentration>30%): which can be used as acetate raw materials; the heavy components (phenols): which can be processed into wood preservatives; the opening of the heating port 262 is connected to the second heat exchange pipe 232 to achieve the fifth level of waste heat utilization. By opening the heating port 262, it can be ensured that the hot air entering the second heat exchange pipe 232 can be smoothly discharged after being heated.

[0020] Furthermore, a heating jacket 253 is provided on the outer periphery of the liquid collecting pipe 251 , and the tail gas discharged from the spraying device 24 with a temperature of less than or equal to 200° C. passes through the heating jacket 253 and then enters the condenser 25 .

[0021] From the above description, it can be known that the heating jacket 253 can utilize tail gas with a temperature of less than or equal to 200° C. to distill the wood acetic acid solution, which is convenient for subsequent distillation.

[0022] Furthermore, the waste heat utilization structure 2 also includes an activated carbon adsorption device 27 ; the activated carbon adsorption device 27 is arranged on the gas pipeline 252 .

[0023] From the above description, it can be known that the remaining volatile organic matter and part of the tar that cannot be cracked can be adsorbed by the activated carbon adsorption device 27, thereby avoiding pollution after combustion and achieving green cleaning.

[0024] Furthermore, the waste heat utilization structure 2 also includes a drying device 28 ; the drying device 28 is disposed on the gas pipeline 252 between the activated carbon adsorption device 27 and the combustion chamber 13 .

[0025] From the above description, it can be known that the drying device 28 can ensure that the air input into the combustion chamber 13 has little moisture, thereby ensuring the combustion effect, and at the same time, most of the gas or product generated during the carbonization of the charcoal can be effectively recovered.

[0026] Furthermore, both ends of the second heat exchange pipe 232 are connected to the outside, one end is an air inlet end, and the other end is an air outlet end, and a first fan 234 is provided on the air inlet end.

[0027] It can be seen from the above description that the heat of the thermal energy power generation device 233 can be conveniently taken away by the first fan 234 .

[0028] Furthermore, the thermal energy power generation device 233 is a temperature difference generator.

[0029] Furthermore, the heat storage body 21 is a ceramic heat storage body 21.

[0030] From the above description, it can be seen that by adopting the ceramic heat storage body 21, since the exhaust gas generated by the furnace is corrosive and has a high temperature, the traditional metal heat storage body 21 is easily corroded, and the graphite heat storage body 21 is difficult to clean once the tar sticks to it when it contains tar. Ceramics are the easiest to clean and are most suitable for the situation of this application.

[0031] Furthermore, a water pool 14 is also provided in the furnace body 1 .

[0032] From the above description, it can be known that, through the water pool 14, the entire furnace body 1 and the waste heat utilization structure 2 can be preheated by the water vapor formed by heating during heating, especially the heat storage body 21 and the part between the heat storage body 21 and the cracking device 22. Before the tar is cracked, the water vapor heat storage body 21 and the part between the heat storage body 21 and the cracking device 22 are preheated by the water vapor heat storage body 21 to prevent the tar and wood acetic acid from condensing when they are cold here, thereby causing blockage or corrosion.

[0033] Furthermore, the combustion chamber 13 includes a gas inlet 131, an air inlet 132 and a controller. The gas inlet 131 is provided with a gas detection meter. The gas inlet 131 is connected to the gas pipeline 252 through the gas detection meter. The air inlet 132 is provided with a second fan 133. The control obtains the type and flow of gas in the gas pipeline 252 according to the gas detection meter, calculates the air ratio that needs to be mixed, and then controls the operation of the second fan 133.

[0034] From the above description, it can be seen that by obtaining the type and flow of gas in the gas pipeline 252 through a gas detection meter, the air ratio required for mixing is calculated, and then the operation of the second fan 133 is controlled, so that the combustion can be more complete. Embodiment 1 A kiln with a waste heat utilization structure, the kiln comprising a furnace body 1; the waste heat utilization structure 2 comprising: a heat storage body 21, a cracking device 22, a waste heat generator set 23, a spray device 24, a condenser 25 and an electric control system; The electric control system is electrically connected to the waste heat generator set 23, and the electric control system controls and transmits electricity to various equipment of the kiln with the waste heat utilization structure 2; The heat storage body 21 includes a heat absorption channel and a heat release channel; The waste heat power generation unit 23 includes a first heat exchange pipe 231, a second heat exchange pipe 232, and a thermal power generation device 233. The first heat exchange pipe 231 and the second heat exchange pipe 232 respectively exchange heat with the thermal power generation device 233. The cracking device 22 has a nickel-based catalyst in it; The spray device 24 has a liquid pump 241, a spray chamber 242 and a solution tank 243. The spray chamber 242 is connected to the solution tank 243 through the liquid pump 241. The solution tank 243 contains a 5% NaOH solution. The second heat exchange pipe 232 extends around the outer periphery of the solution tank 243. The furnace body 1 includes an exhaust port 11, an air inlet 12 and a combustion chamber 13; the exhaust port 11 is connected to the heat absorption channel, the cracking device 22, the first heat exchange pipeline 231, the spray device 24, and the condenser 25 in sequence; the air inlet 12 is connected to the heat release channel; The condenser 25 includes a liquid collecting pipe 251 and a gas pipeline 252; the gas pipeline 252 is connected to the combustion chamber 13; The waste heat utilization structure 2 also includes a distillation device 26; The distillation device 26 includes a distillation pipe 261 and an open heating port 262 arranged at the bottom of the distillation pipe 261. The distillation pipe 261 is connected to the liquid collecting pipe 251, and the open heating port 262 is connected to the second heat exchange pipe 232. The distillation device 26 can be used to distill the wood acetic acid solution to obtain light components (methanol, acetone): which can be condensed and recovered for use as a solvent; the middle section (acetic acid concentration>30%): can be used as an acetate raw material; the heavy component (phenols): can be processed into a wood preservative; the open heating port 262 is connected to the second heat exchange pipe 232 to achieve the fifth level of waste heat utilization.

[0035] A heating jacket 253 is provided on the outer periphery of the liquid collecting pipe 251 , and the tail gas discharged from the spraying device 24 with a temperature of less than or equal to 200° C. passes through the heating jacket 253 and then enters the condenser 25 .

[0036] The waste heat utilization structure 2 further includes an activated carbon adsorption device 27 ; the activated carbon adsorption device 27 is arranged on the gas pipeline 252 .

[0037] The waste heat utilization structure 2 further includes a drying device 28 ; the drying device 28 is disposed on the gas pipeline 252 between the activated carbon adsorption device 27 and the combustion chamber 13 .

[0038] Both ends of the second heat exchange pipe 232 are connected to the outside, one end is an air inlet end, and the other end is an air outlet end. The air inlet end is provided with a first fan 234.

[0039] The thermal energy power generation device 233 is a temperature difference generator.

[0040] The heat storage body 21 is a ceramic heat storage body 21 .

[0041] A water pool 14 is also provided in the furnace body 1 .

[0042] The combustion chamber 13 includes a gas inlet 131, an air inlet 132 and a controller. The gas inlet 131 is provided with a gas detection meter. The gas inlet 131 is connected to the gas pipeline 252 through the gas detection meter. The air inlet 132 is provided with a second fan 133. The control obtains the type and flow of gas in the gas pipeline 252 according to the gas detection meter, calculates the air ratio that needs to be mixed, and then controls the operation of the second fan 133. Embodiment 2 A kiln with a waste heat utilization structure, the kiln comprising a furnace body 1; the waste heat utilization structure 2 comprising: a heat storage body 21, a cracking device 22, a waste heat generator set 23, a spray device 24, a condenser 25 and an electric control system; The electric control system is electrically connected to the waste heat generator set 23, and the electric control system controls and transmits electricity to various equipment of the kiln with the waste heat utilization structure 2; The heat storage body 21 includes a heat absorption channel and a heat release channel; The waste heat power generation unit 23 includes a first heat exchange pipe 231, a second heat exchange pipe 232, and a thermal power generation device 233. The first heat exchange pipe 231 and the second heat exchange pipe 232 respectively exchange heat with the thermal power generation device 233. The cracking device 22 has a nickel-based catalyst in it; The spray device 24 has a liquid pump 241, a spray chamber 242 and a solution tank 243. The spray chamber 242 is connected to the solution tank 243 through the liquid pump 241. The solution tank 243 contains a 5% NaOH solution. The second heat exchange pipe 232 extends around the outer periphery of the solution tank 243. The furnace body 1 includes an exhaust port 11, an air inlet 12 and a combustion chamber 13; the exhaust port 11 is connected to the heat absorption channel, the cracking device 22, the first heat exchange pipeline 231, the spray device 24, and the condenser 25 in sequence; the air inlet 12 is connected to the heat release channel; The condenser 25 includes a liquid collecting pipe 251 and a gas pipeline 252; the gas pipeline 252 is connected to the combustion chamber 13; A heating jacket 253 is provided on the outer periphery of the liquid collecting pipe 251 , and the tail gas discharged from the spraying device 24 with a temperature of less than or equal to 200° C. passes through the heating jacket 253 and then enters the condenser 25 .

[0043] The waste heat utilization structure 2 further includes an activated carbon adsorption device 27 ; the activated carbon adsorption device 27 is arranged on the gas pipeline 252 .

[0044] The waste heat utilization structure 2 further includes a drying device 28 ; the drying device 28 is disposed on the gas pipeline 252 between the activated carbon adsorption device 27 and the combustion chamber 13 .

[0045] Both ends of the second heat exchange pipe 232 are connected to the outside, one end is an air inlet end, and the other end is an air outlet end. The air inlet end is provided with a first fan 234.

[0046] The thermal energy power generation device 233 is a temperature difference generator.

[0047] The heat storage body 21 is a ceramic heat storage body 21 .

[0048] A water pool 14 is also provided in the furnace body 1 .

[0049] The combustion chamber 13 includes a gas inlet 131, an air inlet 132 and a controller. The gas inlet 131 is provided with a gas detection meter. The gas inlet 131 is connected to the gas pipeline 252 through the gas detection meter. The air inlet 132 is provided with a second fan 133. The control obtains the type and flow of gas in the gas pipeline 252 according to the gas detection meter, calculates the air ratio that needs to be mixed, and then controls the operation of the second fan 133. Embodiment 3 A working method of a kiln with a waste heat utilization structure as described in any one of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, comprising: when the kiln with the waste heat utilization structure 2 is working, the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port 11 is 650°C-800°C, the temperature of the exhaust gas drops to 600°C-650°C through the heat absorption channel, and the heat release channel heats the gas entering the air inlet 12; the exhaust gas at 600°C-650°C decomposes tar through a nickel-based catalyst while maintaining the temperature of the nickel-based catalyst; the exhaust gas drops to 300°C-500°C after passing through a cracking device 22, and the exhaust gas at 300°C-500°C exchanges heat with a thermal energy power generation device 233 through a first heat exchange pipe 231 to generate electricity; the second The heat exchange pipe 232 dissipates heat for the thermal power generation device 233, and the discharge temperature of the second heat exchange pipe 232 is 80°C-100°C to heat the NaOH solution; the NaOH solution is sprayed through the liquid pump 241 and then through the spray chamber 242 to react with the tail gas discharged from the first heat exchange pipe 231 to absorb carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide in the tail gas, and then the tail gas is cooled to less than or equal to 200°C (the reaction is as follows: 2NaOH+→++O; and 2NaOH+→++O), and the tail gas at 200°C is condensed in the condenser 25 to obtain wood vinegar, and the wood vinegar is collected in the collecting pipe 251. At the same time, the tail gas finally discharged from the condenser 25 is sent to the combustion chamber 13 through the gas pipeline 252. The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A kiln with a waste heat utilization structure, characterized in that: The kiln includes a furnace body; the waste heat utilization structure includes: a heat storage body, a cracking device, a waste heat generator set, a spray device, a condenser and an electric control system; The electric control system is electrically connected to the waste heat power generation unit, and the electric control system controls and transmits electricity to various equipment in the kiln with a waste heat utilization structure; The heat storage body includes a heat absorption channel and a heat release channel; The waste heat power generation unit comprises a first heat exchange pipe, a second heat exchange pipe, and a thermal power generation device, wherein the first heat exchange pipe and the second heat exchange pipe respectively exchange heat with the thermal power generation device; The cracking device has a nickel-based catalyst in it; The spray device has a liquid pump, a spray chamber and a solution tank, the spray chamber is connected to the solution tank through the liquid pump, the solution tank has a NaOH solution, and the second heat exchange pipe extends around the outer circumference of the solution tank; The furnace body includes an exhaust port, an air inlet and a combustion chamber; the exhaust port is connected to the heat absorption channel, the cracking device, the first heat exchange pipeline, the spray device, and the condenser in sequence; the air inlet is connected to the heat release channel; a water pool is also provided in the furnace body, and there is water in the water pool; The condenser comprises a liquid collecting pipe and a gas pipeline; the gas pipeline is communicated with the combustion chamber.

2. The kiln with a waste heat utilization structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste heat utilization structure also includes a distillation device; The distillation device comprises a distillation pipe and an open heating port arranged at the bottom of the distillation pipe, the distillation pipe is connected with the liquid collecting pipe, and the open heating port is connected with the second heat exchange pipe.

3. The kiln with a waste heat utilization structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A heating jacket is provided on the outer periphery of the liquid collecting pipe, and the tail gas discharged from the spraying device passes through the heating jacket and then enters the condenser.

4. The kiln with a waste heat utilization structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste heat utilization structure also includes an activated carbon adsorption device; the activated carbon adsorption device is arranged on the gas pipeline.

5. The kiln with a waste heat utilization structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The waste heat utilization structure also includes a drying device; the drying device is arranged on the gas pipeline between the activated carbon adsorption device and the combustion chamber.

6. The kiln with a waste heat utilization structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the second heat exchange pipe are connected to the outside, one end is an air inlet end, and the other end is an air outlet end. The air inlet end is provided with a first fan.

7. The kiln with a waste heat utilization structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thermal energy power generation device is a temperature difference generator.

8. The kiln with a waste heat utilization structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat storage body is a ceramic heat storage body.

9. The kiln with a waste heat utilization structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion chamber comprises a gas inlet, an air inlet and a controller, the gas inlet is provided with a gas detection meter, the gas inlet clearance gas detection meter is connected with the gas pipeline, and the air inlet is provided with a second fan; The control obtains the type and flow of gas in the gas pipeline according to the gas detection meter, calculates the air ratio that needs to be mixed, and then controls the operation of the second fan.

10. A method for using the kiln with a waste heat utilization structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: When the kiln with the waste heat utilization structure is working, the furnace body is started for heating, and the water in the water pool evaporates faster than the tar gas and the wood vinegar gas. The faster evaporating water vapor preheats the waste heat utilization structure to prevent the tar gas and the wood vinegar gas from being directly cooled and condensed without being treated; the temperature of the tail gas discharged from the tail gas port is 650°C-800°C, and the temperature of the tail gas drops to 600°C-650°C through the heat absorption channel, and the heat release channel heats the gas entering the air inlet; the tail gas at 600°C-650°C decomposes the tar through the nickel-based catalyst while maintaining the temperature of the nickel-based catalyst; the tail gas drops to 300°C-600°C after passing through the cracking device. The tail gas at 500°C and 300°C-500°C is heat-exchanged with the thermal power generation device through the first heat exchange pipe to generate electricity; the second heat exchange pipe dissipates heat to the thermal power generation device, and the discharge temperature of the second heat exchange pipe is 80°C-100°C to heat the NaOH solution; the NaOH solution is sprayed through the liquid pump and then through the spray chamber to react with the tail gas discharged from the first heat exchange pipe to absorb carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide in the tail gas, and then the tail gas is cooled to less than or equal to 200°C, and the tail gas at 200°C is condensed to obtain wood vinegar, and the wood vinegar is collected in the collecting pipe, and the tail gas finally discharged from the condenser is sent to the combustion chamber through the gas pipeline.

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