Tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation synchronous monitoring system and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation synchronous monitoring system and a construction method. The system comprises a vision unit and multiple groups of displacement acquisition modules, the multiple groups of displacement acquisition modules are uniformly distributed on the support, and each displacement acquisition module comprises an inner displacement assembly and an outer displacement assembly; the outer displacement assembly is fixedly installed on the support and used for monitoring deformation of the support, and the inner displacement assembly is movably installed in the outer displacement assembly and makes contact with surrounding rock so as to monitor deformation of the surrounding rock. And the visual unit performs fixed-point installation and synchronously acquires the displacement of the inner displacement assembly and the outer displacement assembly. The construction method is used for installing the system. The beneficial effects of the invention are that the method can measure the deformation change of the inner and outer layer structures at the same time, achieves the deformation measurement of the inner and outer layer structures, and provides necessary information for employees. Meanwhile, the installation point position of the visual unit is defined, manual carrying by monitoring personnel is not needed, and manpower consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a synchronous monitoring system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation. Background Art

[0002] At present, the tunnel deformation monitoring technology based on image recognition during the tunnel construction period can only identify the deformation of the outermost structure, and cannot identify the contact conditions between the structural layers based on deformation alone. It is easy to miss the interlayer voids, resulting in potential risks to the structure. The current interlayer void detection methods include geological radar, three-dimensional laser scanning, manual tapping method, thermal imaging technology and drilling inspection method. The geological radar method is greatly affected by the steel structure inside the structure, and requires strong experience to judge, and the misjudgment rate is high. The three-dimensional laser scanning predicts the internal contact conditions based on the shallow surface deformation. The manual tapping method and drilling inspection method are not suitable for large-scale inspections. At the same time, the poor monitoring conditions in the tunnel during the construction period often make it impossible for the monitoring equipment to obtain data stably and continuously, and the monitoring personnel need to manually carry it, which not only consumes manpower, but also affects the accuracy of the monitoring data. Summary of the invention

[0003] One of the objects of the present application is to provide a system for synchronously monitoring tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation that can solve at least one of the defects in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] In order to achieve at least one of the above-mentioned purposes, the technical solution adopted in the present application is: a synchronous monitoring system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation, including a visual unit and multiple groups of displacement acquisition modules; the multiple groups of displacement acquisition modules are evenly distributed on the support, and the displacement acquisition modules include an inner displacement component and an outer displacement component; the outer displacement component is fixedly installed on the support for monitoring the deformation of the support, and the inner displacement component is movably installed inside the outer displacement component and contacts with the surrounding rock, thereby monitoring the deformation of the surrounding rock; the visual unit is installed at a fixed point and synchronously collects the displacement of the inner displacement component and the outer displacement component.

[0005] Preferably, the inner displacement assembly includes an inner sleeve and a top plate; the inner sleeve is elastically slidably installed in the outer displacement assembly and extends the collection part set at the second end out of the outer displacement assembly, and then the visual unit performs displacement collection on the collection part; the top plate is installed at the first end of the inner sleeve and is suitable for counteracting the surrounding rock.

[0006] Preferably, the top plate is threadably matched with the inner sleeve via a fixed adjusting screw.

[0007] Preferably, an adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the inner sleeve; and the adjusting screw is movably matched with the inner sleeve and threadedly connected to the adjusting nut.

[0008] Preferably, an extension rod serving as the collecting portion is fixedly mounted on the second end of the inner sleeve, a spring is connected to the outer surface of the extension rod, and two ends of the spring respectively abut against the inner sleeve and the outer displacement component, so that the inner displacement component is elastically slidable.

[0009] Preferably, the outer displacement assembly comprises an outer sleeve and a base fixed to each other; the displacement acquisition module is fixedly mounted on the support via the base; and the inner displacement assembly is mounted in the outer sleeve and elastically slides with the base.

[0010] Preferably, the displacement acquisition module further includes a first target and a second target; the first target is fixedly mounted on the base, and the second target is fixedly mounted on the extension rod extending out of the base; and the visual unit acquires the displacements of the first target and the second target.

[0011] Preferably, multiple groups of the displacement acquisition modules are spaced apart along the construction direction of the tunnel, and the multiple displacement acquisition modules in each group are equally spaced apart along the cross-sectional arc contour direction of the tunnel; multiple visual units are provided, and displacement acquisition is performed for the displacement acquisition modules exceeding the set spacing through the independently corresponding visual units.

[0012] Preferably, the visual unit is fixedly mounted on the waterproof board trolley and moves synchronously with the waterproof board trolley.

[0013] A construction method of the above tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation synchronous monitoring system comprises the following steps: S100: completing the assembly of the inner displacement component and the outer displacement component in the assembly workshop to obtain a displacement acquisition module; S200: During the tunnel support installation process, the displacement collection module is fixedly installed on the steel arch frame of the support and the displacement collection module is adjusted until the internal displacement component is close to the surrounding rock; S300: blocking the target installation position of the displacement acquisition module, and spraying the surrounding rock with concrete for coating and support; S400: After the concrete spraying is completed, the target is installed and the set number of vision units are installed as required at the waterproof board trolley.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are: This application can simultaneously measure the deformation changes of the inner and outer layers of the structure, and then realize the deformation measurement of the inner and outer layers of the structure, providing necessary information for practitioners. At the same time, this application clarifies the installation point of the visual unit, and does not require manual handling by monitoring personnel, reducing manpower consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of this application.

[0016] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the supporting steel arch structure.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the displacement acquisition module in this application.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled state of the displacement acquisition module in this application.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the displacement acquisition module in this application. Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the displacement acquisition module in this application. Figure 2 .

[0021] In the figure: surrounding rock 100, steel arch frame 200, installation point 201, displacement acquisition module 3, external displacement component 31, base 311, first threaded hole 3110, outer sleeve 312, inner displacement component 32, inner sleeve 321, top plate 322, adjusting nut 323, adjusting screw 3231, extension rod 324, second threaded hole 3240, spring 33, first target 341, second target 342, visual unit 4, waterproof board trolley 500. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Below, the present application is further described in conjunction with specific implementation methods. It should be noted that in the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms should not be understood as necessarily being directed to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0023] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that directional words, such as the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating directions and positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of narrating the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and cannot be understood as limiting the specific scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0025] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be connected, detachably connected, or integrated; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0027] The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or apparatuses.

[0028] One aspect of the present application provides a tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation synchronous monitoring system, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, one preferred embodiment includes a visual unit 4 and multiple displacement collection modules 3; the multiple displacement collection modules 3 are evenly arranged on the support, and the displacement collection modules 3 include an inner displacement component 32 and an outer displacement component 31; the outer displacement component 31 is fixedly installed on the support so that the deformation of the support can be displayed through the outer displacement component 31, that is, the outer displacement component 31 monitors the deformation of the support; the inner displacement component 32 is movably installed inside the outer displacement component 31 and contacts with the surrounding rock 100, and then the deformation of the surrounding rock 100 will be displayed through the inner displacement component 32, that is, the inner displacement component 32 monitors the deformation of the surrounding rock 100. The visual unit 4 is installed at a fixed point and synchronously collects the displacement of the inner displacement component 32 and the outer displacement component 31.

[0029] It should be known that, in order to ensure the safety of tunnel construction, it is necessary to build a support structure on the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock 100 after excavation for support. The main structure of the support includes a steel arch frame 200 and concrete, that is, the steel arch frame 200 is first arranged according to the arch structure of the surrounding rock 100, and then concrete is sprayed on the surface of the surrounding rock 100. After the concrete hardens, it can form a support structure with the steel arch frame 200. When dividing the structure, the surrounding rock 100 can be regarded as a deep structure, and the support can be regarded as a shallow structure; if the deformation degree of the surrounding rock 100 and the support is different, then a cavity will be formed between the surrounding rock 100 and the support, which will weaken the supporting capacity of the support, thereby affecting the safety of tunnel construction.

[0030] Due to the existence of the supporting concrete structure, the surrounding rock 100 is obscured and it is difficult to measure its deformation degree. In order to solve this problem, the present embodiment sets up a displacement acquisition module 3; the function of the external displacement component 31 is to provide feedback on the deformation of the support, and at the same time, the internal displacement component 32 is shielded by the external displacement component 31 to ensure that when the supporting structure is constructed, the concrete will only be connected to the external displacement component 31 and will not interfere with the internal displacement component 32. After being protected by the external displacement component 31, the internal displacement component 32 can be displaced accordingly under the deformation force of the surrounding rock 100, and then the displacements of the external displacement component 31 and the internal displacement component 32 can be collected respectively through the visual unit 4. After completing the displacement collection, the displacement of the inner displacement component 32 and the outer displacement component 31 are compared. If the displacement of the inner displacement component 32 is smaller than the deformation of the outer displacement component 31, it means that the settlement of the support is greater than the settlement of the surrounding rock 100, and then a cavity may be generated between the support and the surrounding rock 100; then an alarm can be issued and the maintenance personnel can be notified to reconstruct the support at that position.

[0031] In this embodiment, there are many specific structures of the inner displacement assembly 32 that can achieve the above functions. For the sake of easy understanding, the following will be described in detail using one of the structures. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the inner displacement component 32 includes an inner sleeve 321 and a top plate 322; the inner sleeve 321 is elastically slidably installed in the outer displacement component 31 and extends the collection part set at the second end out of the outer displacement component 31, and then the visual unit 4 collects the displacement of the collection part; the top plate 322 is installed at the first end of the inner sleeve 321 and can be offset against the surrounding rock 100. Through the setting of the top plate 322, the contact area with the surrounding rock 100 can be increased, thereby ensuring that the surrounding rock 100 can stably transfer deformation to the top plate 322.

[0032] It should be known that the outer displacement assembly 31 can be regarded as being fixed to the support, and the position change of the inner displacement assembly 32 relative to the outer displacement assembly 31 can be regarded as the difference in relative deformation between the support and the surrounding rock 100. From the perspective of the tunnel structure, the surrounding rock 100 can be regarded as being above the support, so the movement of the inner sleeve 321 driven by gravity is in the direction away from the surrounding rock 100, and the movement of the inner sleeve 321 in this direction under the action of gravity will affect the actual displacement deformation of the surrounding rock 100, so it is necessary to elastically slide the inner sleeve 321 to offset the gravity of the inner sleeve 321 through elastic force, so that the inner sleeve 321 can only be relatively displaced under the action of the deformation force of the surrounding rock 100. It should be noted that the deformation force generated by the surrounding rock 100 is much greater than the elastic force received by the inner sleeve 321, so the influence of the elastic force received by the inner sleeve 321 on the deformation caused by the squeezing of the surrounding rock 100 can be ignored.

[0033] It should also be known that, since the structure of the surrounding rock 100 is not uniform, this easily leads to different spacing distances between the surrounding rock 100 at different positions and the steel arch frame 200 at the corresponding position of the support. Therefore, in order to ensure the measurement accuracy of the deformation of the surrounding rock 100 at different positions, it is necessary to ensure that the installation position of the inner sleeve 321 is adjustable; and in this embodiment, since the inner sleeve 321 is elastically slidably arranged by the spring 33, within the elastic limit of the spring 33, the installation position of the inner sleeve 321 can be adjusted by the deformation of the spring 33 to ensure that the inner sleeve 321 and the surrounding rock 100 can be closely attached.

[0034] It is understandable that, in order to further ensure that the surrounding rock 100 can stably transfer deformation to the top plate 322, the elastic coefficient of the spring 33 is relatively high, which results in that the total deformation of the spring 33 is not long, that is, the adaptability of the inner sleeve 321 to different surrounding rocks 100 is relatively weak. Therefore, in order to increase the adaptability of the inner displacement assembly 32 to surrounding rocks 100 at different positions, an adjustment structure is provided between the inner sleeve 321 and the top plate 322 in this embodiment, and the relative distance between the top plate 322 and the inner sleeve 321 can be adjusted through the adjustment structure, thereby increasing the length of the entire inner displacement assembly 32. There are many specific structures of the adjustment structure that can achieve the above-mentioned function. For the sake of easy understanding, one of the structures will be described in detail below.

[0035] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, an adjusting screw 3231 is fixedly installed on the side of the top plate 322 away from the contact with the surrounding rock 100. The top plate 322 can be threadedly matched with the inner sleeve 321 through the adjusting screw 3231, and the extension length of the top plate 322 relative to the inner sleeve 321 can be adjusted by rotating the top plate 322.

[0036] In this embodiment, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an adjusting nut 323 is threadedly connected to the inner sleeve 321 ; the adjusting screw 3231 is movably matched with the inner sleeve 321 and is threadedly connected to the adjusting nut 323 .

[0037] It is understandable that the position adjustment drive of the top plate 322 is generally achieved by the staff directly manually rotating the top plate 322. As the top plate 322 rises to a position close to the surrounding rock 100, the relative space between the top plate 322 and the surrounding rock 100 is small, making it difficult for the staff to continue to adjust the position by manually rotating the top plate 322. Therefore, in this embodiment, by setting the adjustment nut 323, it is only necessary to directly press the top plate 322 against the surrounding rock 100, and then rotate the adjustment nut 323 to move relative to the adjustment screw 3231 until the thread is screwed on the first end of the inner sleeve 321.

[0038] In this embodiment, Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the second end of the inner sleeve 321 is fixedly installed with an extension rod 324 as a collection part. The outer displacement assembly 31 includes an outer sleeve 312 and a base 311 fixed to each other; the displacement collection module 3 is fixedly installed on the support through the base 311; the inner sleeve 321 is installed in the outer sleeve 312 and is slidably connected to the base 311 through the extension rod 324. The extension rod 324 is outer-connected with a spring 33, and the two ends of the spring 33 are respectively against the extension rod 324 and the base 311, so that the inner displacement assembly 32 and the base 311 are elastically slidably matched.

[0039] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the visual unit 4 to collect the displacement changes of the inner displacement component 32 and the outer displacement component 31, targets for identification can be installed on both the inner displacement component 32 and the outer displacement component 31, and then the visual unit 4 obtains the displacement changes of the inner displacement component 32 and the outer displacement component 31 by collecting the displacement of the targets.

[0040] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, the displacement acquisition module 3 further includes a first target 341 and a second target 342, a first threaded hole 3110 is provided at one end of the base 311 away from the surrounding rock 100, and a second threaded hole 3240 is provided at one end of the extension rod 324 away from the surrounding rock 100. The first target 341 is threadedly fixedly installed in the first threaded hole 3110 of the base 311, and the second target 342 is threadedly fixedly installed in the second threaded hole 3240 of the extension rod 324 extending out of the base 311. The visual unit 4 acquires the displacement of the first target 341 and the second target 342 to obtain the displacement change of the inner displacement component 32 and the outer displacement component 31.

[0041] In this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, multiple groups of displacement collection modules 3 are arranged at intervals along the construction direction of the tunnel, and multiple displacement collection modules 3 in each group are arranged at equal intervals along the cross-sectional arc contour direction of the tunnel, that is, the supporting steel arch frame 200 is evenly spaced along the circumferential direction. Multiple installation points 201 are arranged, and the displacement collection modules 3 can be installed at the corresponding installation points 201. Multiple visual units 4 are provided, and displacement collection is performed by independent corresponding visual units 4 for the displacement collection modules 3 exceeding the set spacing.

[0042] It should be known that the construction length of the tunnel is generally long. In order to more accurately monitor the cavity conditions between the surrounding rock 100 and the support, it is necessary to set a group of displacement collection modules 3 for each interval of the construction length. The specific interval construction length can be selected according to the actual needs of technical personnel in this field, such as 20 meters or 30 meters. Since the stress conditions of the surrounding rock 100 along its own arch direction may be different, the number of displacement collection modules 3 in each group can be set multiple, and the multiple displacement collection modules 3 in each group can be arranged at equal intervals along the arch direction of the surrounding rock 100. The specific number of displacement collection modules 3 in each group can be selected according to actual needs. For example, the specific number of displacement collection modules 3 in each group is 3; one displacement collection module 3 needs to be set at the arch top, and the other two displacement collection modules 3 are arranged at a central angle of 45° on both sides of the arch top.

[0043] It is understandable that the specific structure and working principle of the visual unit 4 are well-known technologies to those skilled in the art. The common visual unit 4 uses a camera, and the shooting accuracy of the camera gradually decreases with the increase of the shooting distance. At the same time, due to the high cost of the camera, the displacement acquisition of multiple displacement acquisition modules 3 that are closer can be achieved by one visual unit 4, while for the displacement acquisition module 3 that is farther away, an independent visual unit 4 will be used for acquisition and identification in order to ensure the acquisition accuracy. The specific spacing setting between the visual unit 4 and the displacement acquisition module 3 for the above two acquisition methods can be selected according to the accuracy of the camera, for example, it can be set to 150 meters; that is, if the spacing from the displacement acquisition module 3 to the visual unit 4 is greater than 150 meters, an independent visual unit 4 will be used for displacement acquisition.

[0044] It is important to know that the settlement of the surrounding rock 100 and the support will gradually stabilize as the construction time increases. That is, as the construction length increases, the relative displacement between the surrounding rock 100 and the support that was constructed first can be regarded as no longer changing, so displacement monitoring is no longer required. As the construction length increases, new supports and corresponding displacement acquisition modules 3 will be arranged in the newly constructed areas. If the position of the visual unit 4 is uncertain, the visual unit 4 will not be able to continue to perform the displacement recognition of the displacement acquisition module 3. Therefore, if Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the visual unit 4 is fixedly installed on the waterproof board trolley 500 and moves synchronously with the waterproof board trolley 500; thereby ensuring that as the construction progress increases, the visual unit 4 on the waterproof board trolley 500 can always identify the displacement of the newly installed displacement collection unit 3.

[0045] Another aspect of the present application provides a construction method for the above tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation synchronous monitoring system, which specifically includes the following construction steps: S100: Complete the assembly of the inner displacement component 32 and the outer displacement component 31 in an assembly workshop, and then obtain the required displacement acquisition module 3.

[0046] S200: During the tunnel support installation process, a corresponding number of displacement collection modules 3 are fixedly installed at corresponding positions on the supporting steel arch frame 200; and then the displacement collection modules 3 are adjusted until the inner displacement components 32 are close to the surrounding rock 100.

[0047] S300: The target installation position of the displacement acquisition module 3 is blocked to prevent the subsequent concrete spraying from causing blockage of the first threaded hole 3110 and the second threaded hole 3240; then, concrete covering the steel arch frame 200 is sprayed onto the surrounding rock 100 to form a support, and finally, the first threaded hole 3110 and the second threaded hole 3240 are opened and the corresponding first target 341 and the second target 342 are installed respectively.

[0048] S400: After the concrete spraying is completed, a set number of visual units 4 are installed at the waterproof board trolley 500 as required, and then the displacement of the first target 341 and the second target 342 is collected by the visual unit 4 to identify the deformation of the surrounding rock 100 and the support, so as to identify the cavity between the surrounding rock 100 and the support.

[0049] The above describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and the specification only describe the principles of the present application. The present application may have various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present application for which protection is sought. The scope of protection claimed by the present application is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A synchronous monitoring system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation, characterized in that: It includes a visual unit and multiple groups of displacement acquisition modules; the multiple groups of displacement acquisition modules are evenly distributed on the support, and the displacement acquisition modules include an inner displacement component and an outer displacement component; the outer displacement component is fixedly installed on the support to monitor the deformation of the support, and the inner displacement component is movably installed inside the outer displacement component and contacts with the surrounding rock, thereby monitoring the deformation of the surrounding rock; the visual unit is installed at a fixed point and synchronously collects the displacement of the inner displacement component and the outer displacement component.

2. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation synchronous monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner displacement component includes an inner sleeve and a top plate; the inner sleeve is elastically slidably installed in the outer displacement component and extends the collection part set at the second end out of the outer displacement component, and then the visual unit collects the displacement of the collection part; the top plate is installed at the first end of the inner sleeve and is suitable for counteracting the surrounding rock.

3. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation synchronous monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top plate is threadably matched with the inner sleeve via a fixed adjusting screw.

4. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation synchronous monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner sleeve is threadedly connected with an adjusting nut; the adjusting screw is movably matched with the inner sleeve and is threadedly connected to the adjusting nut.

5. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation synchronous monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: An extension rod as the collecting part is fixedly mounted on the second end of the inner sleeve, and a spring is connected to the outer surface of the extension rod. Two ends of the spring respectively abut against the inner sleeve and the outer displacement component, so that the inner displacement component is elastically slidable.

6. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation synchronous monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer displacement assembly includes an outer sleeve and a base fixed to each other; the displacement acquisition module is fixedly mounted on the support through the base; the inner displacement assembly is installed in the outer sleeve and elastically slides with the base.

7. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation synchronous monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The displacement acquisition module also includes a first target and a second target; the first target is fixedly mounted on the base, and the second target is fixedly mounted on the extension rod extending out of the base; the visual unit acquires the displacements of the first target and the second target.

8. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation synchronous monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of displacement acquisition modules are arranged at intervals along the construction direction of the tunnel, and a plurality of displacement acquisition modules in each group are arranged at equal intervals along the cross-sectional arc contour direction of the tunnel; a plurality of visual units are provided, and displacement acquisition is performed for the displacement acquisition modules exceeding the set spacing through the independently corresponding visual units.

9. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation synchronous monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visual unit is fixedly installed on the waterproof board trolley and moves synchronously with the waterproof board trolley.

10. A construction method of a synchronous monitoring system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation and support deformation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S100: completing the assembly of the inner displacement component and the outer displacement component in the assembly workshop to obtain a displacement acquisition module; S200: During the tunnel support installation process, the displacement collection module is fixedly installed on the steel arch frame of the support and the displacement collection module is adjusted until the internal displacement component is close to the surrounding rock; S300: blocking the target installation position of the displacement acquisition module, and spraying concrete covering the steel arch frame onto the surrounding rock; S400: After the concrete spraying is completed, the target is installed and the set number of vision units are installed as required at the waterproof board trolley.

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