A high-pressure small-flow measuring device and method for physical simulation experiments of gas reservoirs

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of gas reservoir indoor physical simulation experiment high pressure small flow determination device and method, device includes ontology, bypass emptying component, controller and computer, ontology includes standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container, the upper portion of standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container is respectively provided with pressure sensor and temperature sensor, left end and right end are respectively connected with gas flow pipeline, the end of gas flow pipeline is equipped with joint, the gas flow pipeline on left end is equipped with solenoid valve A and hand safety valve A, the gas flow pipeline on right end is equipped with solenoid valve B and hand safety valve B;The left end of bypass emptying component is connected between hand safety valve A and joint, right end is connected between hand safety valve B and joint;Controller is connected with solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B, pressure sensor, temperature sensor, bypass emptying component and computer respectively.The present application solves the problem of low accuracy of existing gas flowmeter under high pressure and small flow condition.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of flow measurement, in particular to a high-pressure small-flow measurement device and method for gas reservoir indoor physical simulation experiment. BACKGROUND

[0002] The deep carbonate gas reservoirs in Sichuan Basin are mostly buried at a depth of more than 3500 m, and the formation pressure is usually more than 30 MPa. The gas reservoirs are relatively dense and low-porosity, and the flow rate of fluid in the reservoir is small. In order to realize the effective development of such gas reservoirs, high-pressure small-flow seepage simulation experiments are usually needed to be carried out on such gas reservoirs, so as to realize the accurate measurement of small flow under high pressure.

[0003] At present, flow meters are usually used to measure gas flow. There are three types of flow meters currently used: the first type is a turbine flow meter, which measures flow by the speed of rotating impellers in the gas flow; the second type is an acoustic time difference flow meter, which is suitable for large-size pipeline, engineering and industrial large-flow measurement; the third type is a hot-wire flow meter, which measures flow by using a thermistor to detect flow rate in the gas flow. However, since the pipeline pressure in the simulation experiment is very high, but the pipe diameter and flow rate are very small, and the above-mentioned gas flow meters are usually only suitable for large-size pipeline, engineering and industrial large-flow measurement under medium and low pressure conditions, the moving measurement components of the measuring instruments are easily affected by fluctuations and damage under high pressure conditions, which affects the stability of fluid measurement, especially the measurement error of small flow in high-pressure formation simulation seepage experiment is large. Therefore, in the high-pressure experimental environment simulating the actual reservoir conditions, the existing flow meters cannot accurately measure small flow under high pressure in real time.

[0004] In addition, the patent document with publication number CN217032612U discloses a small-flow gas volume flow measurement device, which includes a shell, a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a third pipeline, a gas resistance group and a sensor module. The first pipeline is arranged inside the shell, and the two ends of the first pipeline are arranged on the outer surface of the shell. One end of the second pipeline is connected to the wall of the first pipeline, and the other end is connected to the outer surface of the shell. One end of the third pipeline is connected to the wall of the first pipeline at a different axial position from the connection between the first pipeline and the second pipeline, and the other end is arranged on the outer surface of the shell. The gas resistance group is arranged inside the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline, and the sensor is arranged inside the shell and connected to the second pipeline and the third pipeline. The device can measure the volume value of flow gas under high pressure, which is microliters per minute or below. However, the device converts higher pressure values into lower dynamic range pressure detection devices for measurement by using different sizes of pipeline resistance, but it cannot directly measure small flow under high pressure. Moreover, the gas resistance pipeline can only withstand a certain pressure, but it cannot withstand the high pressure of gas reservoir indoor physical simulation experiment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new technology for accurately measuring small flow of gas under high pressure. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to overcome the above problems existing in the prior art, and provides a gas reservoir physical simulation experiment high-pressure small flow measuring device and method.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] A gas reservoir physical simulation experiment high-pressure small flow measuring device, comprising a body, a bypass venting assembly, a controller and a computer, the body comprising a standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container, the upper part of the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container being provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor respectively, the left end and the right end of the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container being connected with gas flow channels respectively, the end of the gas flow channel being provided with a joint for connecting with a to-be-measured experimental device, the gas flow channel at the left end being provided with an electromagnetic valve A and a manual safety valve A, the gas flow channel at the right end being provided with an electromagnetic valve B and a manual safety valve B, the electromagnetic valve A and the electromagnetic valve B being located between the manual safety valve A and the manual safety valve B; the left end of the bypass venting assembly being connected between the manual safety valve A and the joint, the right end of the bypass venting assembly being connected between the manual safety valve B and the joint; the controller being connected with the electromagnetic valve A, the electromagnetic valve B, the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the bypass venting assembly and the computer respectively.

[0008] The bypass venting assembly comprises a bypass channel, a manual safety valve C, a manual safety valve D, an electromagnetic valve C and an electromagnetic valve D, the left end and the right end of the bypass channel being connected with the gas flow channels respectively, the manual safety valve C and the electromagnetic valve C being installed at the left end of the bypass channel, the manual safety valve D and the electromagnetic valve D being installed at the right end of the bypass channel, the manual safety valve C being located between the electromagnetic valve C and the gas flow channel, the manual safety valve D being located between the electromagnetic valve D and the gas flow channel, and the electromagnetic valve C and the electromagnetic valve D being connected with the controller.

[0009] The diameter of the gas flow channel is 3-5 mm.

[0010] The standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container is a cylindrical container made of titanium alloy.

[0011] A gas reservoir physical simulation experiment high-pressure small flow measuring method, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: the controller controls the manual safety valve A and the manual safety valve B to keep open state, and controls the bypass venting assembly to keep closed state;

[0013] Step 2: the controller controls the electromagnetic valve A to open and the electromagnetic valve B to close, so that the to-be-tested gas output by the to-be-tested experimental device enters the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container through the left gas flow pipeline, then waits for a time dt1, and then the pressure P1 and the temperature T1 in the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container are measured by the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor;

[0014] Step 3: the controller controls the electromagnetic valve A to close, and waits for a time dt2, so that the gas in the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container is balanced, and then the pressure P2 and the temperature T2 in the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container are measured by the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor after the balancing;

[0015] Step 4: the controller controls the electromagnetic valve A to close and the electromagnetic valve B to open, so that the to-be-tested gas is discharged from the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container through the right gas flow pipeline, and waits for a time dt3;

[0016] Step 5: the computer calculates the flow of the to-be-tested gas according to the volume V of the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container, the pressure P1, the pressure P2, the temperature T1, the temperature T2, the deviation factor and the waiting time dt1.

[0017] The calculation method of the flow of the to-be-tested gas is as follows:

[0018]

[0019] In the formula, Q is the flow of the to-be-tested gas, Z1 and Z2 are both deviation factors, and the deviation factors in the current state are obtained by the computer according to a deviation factor chart of the gas under different pressures and temperatures.

[0020] The waiting time dt1 is determined according to the volume of the to-be-tested gas and the inflow speed, the waiting time dt3 is determined according to the volume of the to-be-tested gas and the outflow speed, and the waiting time dt2 is 10 min.

[0021] The flow of the gas flow pipeline is 0.001-1000 mL / min.

[0022] The pressure in the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container is 0-50 MPa.

[0023] The measuring method is opened to discharge the to-be-tested gas by the controller after the measurement is completed.

[0024] The advantages of the application are as follows:

[0025] 1. The application establishes a measuring device suitable for high-pressure small flow by using high-pressure high-precision pressure sensor, temperature sensor, small pressure-resistant gas flow pipeline and the like, which can more accurately realize the measurement of small flow under high-pressure condition through automatic data acquisition, integrated deviation factor and automatic conversion of state equation, and solves the problem of low accuracy of existing gas flow meter under high-pressure condition and small pipeline and small flow, thereby providing timely and accurate experimental basis for efficient development of gas reservoir.

[0026] 2. The application adopts high-pressure high-precision pressure sensor, temperature sensor, small pressure-resistant gas flow pipeline and corresponding sealing ring and the like suitable for high-pressure low-flow environment, and reasonably combines them to test the fluid flow at the inlet and outlet under high-pressure condition during the flow experiment, and dynamically reflects the reservoir seepage state and capacity during the experiment.

[0027] 3. The application realizes the quantification and visualization of analysis results by automatically collecting and converting flow parameters by computer, can dynamically obtain the quantitative change of flow parameters during the seepage process, improves the accuracy of measurement during the experiment, reduces the measurement error, realizes the integration of experimental flow, parameter collection and automatic conversion and storage, provides basis for analyzing flow influencing factors, and can guide the development of targeted development technology countermeasures for deep natural gas reservoirs, so that the application has obvious advantages.

[0028] 4. The bypass venting assembly can discharge gas relatively quickly when the flow is not needed to be measured, thereby improving the safety of the test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the application;

[0030] Figure 2 is a flow chart of the application.

[0031] In the figure, the marks are: 1, body, 2, standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container, 3, pressure sensor, 4, temperature sensor, 5, gas flow pipeline, 6, electromagnetic valve A, 7, electromagnetic valve B, 8, hand safety valve A, 9, hand safety valve B, 10, bypass pipeline, 11, hand safety valve C, 12, hand safety valve D, 13, electromagnetic valve C, 14, electromagnetic valve D, 15, controller, 16, computer, 17, joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Example 1

[0033] This embodiment provides a high-pressure small flow measuring device for gas reservoir indoor physical simulation experiment, which is mainly used for gas flow measurement in high-pressure formation simulation seepage experiment. As shown in Figure 1As shown, it comprises a body 1, a bypass venting assembly, a controller 15 and a computer 16. Among them,

[0034] The body 1 comprises a standard volume constant high-pressure container 2, which is a cylindrical container made of titanium alloy, with a radius r of 5 cm and a height h of 20 cm. The upper part of the standard volume constant high-pressure container 2 is respectively provided with a high-precision pressure sensor 3 and a temperature sensor 4, the bottom of the pressure sensor 3 and the bottom of the temperature sensor 4 are both extended into the standard volume constant high-pressure container 2 for measuring the pressure and temperature in the standard volume constant high-pressure container 2 respectively. The left end and the right end of the standard volume constant high-pressure container 2 are respectively connected with a gas flow pipeline 5 with a diameter of 3-5 mm, and the ends of the two gas flow pipelines 5 are provided with a joint 17, and the standard volume constant high-pressure container 2 can be connected with the small gas pipeline of the experimental device to be measured (such as a core holder) through the joint 17 at the end of the gas flow pipeline 5. Then the left end of the gas flow pipeline 5 is provided with an electromagnetic valve A 6 and a manual safety valve A 8, and the right end of the gas flow pipeline 5 is provided with an electromagnetic valve B 7 and a manual safety valve B 9, and the electromagnetic valve A 6 and the electromagnetic valve B 7 are both located between the manual safety valve A 8 and the manual safety valve B 9, specifically, the electromagnetic valve A 6 is located between the manual safety valve A 8 and the standard volume constant high-pressure container 2, and the electromagnetic valve B 7 is located between the manual safety valve B 9 and the standard volume constant high-pressure container 2.

[0035] The bypass venting assembly has a left end and a right end, the left end is connected between the manual safety valve A 8 and the joint 17, and the right end is connected between the manual safety valve B 9 and the joint 17. Specifically, the bypass venting assembly comprises a bypass pipeline 10, a manual safety valve C 11, a manual safety valve D 12, an electromagnetic valve C 13 and an electromagnetic valve D 14, the left end and the right end of the bypass pipeline 10 are connected on the two gas flow pipelines 5, the manual safety valve C 11 and the electromagnetic valve C 13 are both installed on the left end of the bypass pipeline 10, the manual safety valve D 12 and the electromagnetic valve D 14 are both installed on the right end of the bypass pipeline 10, the manual safety valve C 11 is located between the electromagnetic valve C 13 and the gas flow pipeline 5, the manual safety valve D 12 is located between the electromagnetic valve D 14 and the gas flow pipeline 5, and the electromagnetic valve C 13 and the electromagnetic valve D 14 are both connected with the controller 15. The bypass venting assembly is provided for venting and safety measurement, which can discharge gas faster when the flow rate is not required to be measured.

[0036] The controller 15 is connected with the computer 16, the electromagnetic valve A 6, the electromagnetic valve B 7, the pressure sensor 3, the temperature sensor 4, the electromagnetic valve C 13 and the electromagnetic valve D 14 in the bypass emptying assembly respectively. The controller 15 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve A 6, the electromagnetic valve B 7, the electromagnetic valve C 13 and the electromagnetic valve D 14 in the bypass emptying assembly, collecting the pressure value and the temperature value measured by the pressure sensor 3 and the temperature sensor 4, and sending the collected pressure value and temperature value to the computer 16, and the computer 16 is used for calculating the flow of the gas to be measured according to the received pressure value, temperature value and other related data.

[0037] It should be noted that the electromagnetic valve A 6, the electromagnetic valve B 7, the electromagnetic valve C 13 and the electromagnetic valve D 14 are all high-pressure and high-airtightness electromagnetic valves, which have the advantages of high pressure resistance and good sealing performance after being installed on the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container 2, can reduce the measurement error, and thus improve the accuracy of the measurement in the experiment.

[0038] Embodiment 2

[0039] This embodiment provides a high-pressure small-flow measurement method for gas reservoir indoor physical simulation experiment on the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in the formula (1), which comprises the following steps: Figure 2 The steps are as follows:

[0040] Step 1: The controller controls the manual safety valve A and the manual safety valve B to keep open state, and controls the bypass emptying assembly to keep closed state;

[0041] Step 2: The controller controls the electromagnetic valve A to open and the electromagnetic valve B to close, so that the gas to be measured output by the experimental device enters the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container through the left gas flow pipeline, the pressure in the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container is 0-50 MPa, and the flow of the gas flow pipeline is 0.001-1000 mL / min; then the pressure P1 and the temperature T1 in the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container are measured by the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor after waiting for a time dt1;

[0042] Step 3: The controller controls the electromagnetic valve A to close and waits for a time dt2, so that the gas in the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container is balanced, and the pressure P2 and the temperature T2 in the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container are measured by the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor after the balancing;

[0043] Step 4: The controller controls the electromagnetic valve A to close and the electromagnetic valve B to open, so that the gas to be measured is discharged from the standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container through the right gas flow pipeline, and waits for a time dt3;

[0044] Step 5: The computer calculates the flow rate of the gas to be measured according to the volume V of the standard volume constant-pressure high-pressure container, the pressure P1, the pressure P2, the temperature T1, the temperature T2, the deviation factors Z1 and Z2, and the waiting time dt1.

[0045] The calculation method of the flow rate of the gas to be measured is as follows:

[0046]

[0047] In the formula, Q is the flow rate of the gas to be measured, and Z1 and Z2 are deviation factors, which are calculated by the computer according to the deviation factor chart of the gas under different pressures and temperatures.

[0048] After calculating the flow rate of the gas to be measured, the computer compares the calculated flow rate with the preset value to analyze whether the measured flow rate is reasonable. If it is reasonable, the controller controls the opening of the bypass venting assembly to discharge the gas to be measured, and the measurement is ended. If it is not reasonable, the measurement is returned to step 1 for re-measurement until a reasonable result is obtained.

[0049] It should be noted that in the above measurement process, the waiting time dt1 is determined according to the volume of the gas to be measured and the inflow speed, and is generally 3-60 minutes, and in this embodiment, the waiting time dt1 is 10 minutes. The waiting time dt3 is determined according to the volume of the gas to be measured and the outflow speed, and is generally 10 minutes, and the waiting time dt2 is 10 minutes.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] This embodiment verifies the method described in Example 2, as follows:

[0052] Step 1: The controller controls the manual safety valve A and the manual safety valve B to remain open, and controls the bypass venting assembly to remain closed.

[0053] Step 2: The controller controls the electromagnetic valve A to open and the electromagnetic valve B to close, so that the gas to be measured output by the experimental device enters the standard volume constant-pressure high-pressure container with a radius of 5 cm and a height of 20 cm through the left gas flow pipeline, the flow rate of the gas flow pipeline is Q mL / min, then the waiting time dt1 is 10 minutes, and then the pressure P1 in the standard volume constant-pressure high-pressure container is measured by the pressure sensor and the temperature T1 is measured by the temperature sensor. = 40 MPa and T1 = 20℃.

[0054] Step 3: The controller controls the electromagnetic valve A to close, and the waiting time dt2 is 10 minutes, so that the gas in the standard volume constant-pressure high-pressure container is balanced, and after the balance, the pressure P2 in the standard volume constant-pressure high-pressure container is measured by the pressure sensor and the temperature T2 is measured by the temperature sensor. = 45 MPa and T2 = 20℃.

[0055] Step 4: The electromagnetic valve A is closed and the electromagnetic valve B is opened by the controller, so that the measured gas is discharged from the standard volume constant volume high pressure container through the gas flow pipe at the right end, and the waiting time is dt3.

[0056] Step 5: The computer calculates the flow rate of the measured gas according to the volume V, pressure P1, pressure P2, temperature T1, temperature T2, compression factors Z1 and Z2 of the standard volume constant volume high pressure container and the time dt1.

[0057]

[0058] = 1.62 mL / min

[0059] The gas with a known flow rate of 1.6 mL / min is tested, and the method calculates 1.62 mL / min, with an error of 1.25%, proving that the application can obtain more accurate results.

[0060] The above is only a specific embodiment of the application, any feature disclosed in the specification can be replaced by other equivalent or similar purpose replacement features unless specifically described; all features disclosed or all steps in the method or process can be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

Claims

1. A method for determining the high pressure and low flow rate of a gas reservoir physical simulation experiment, characterized in that: the determination device comprises a body, a bypass venting assembly, a controller and a computer, the body comprises a standard volume constant volume high pressure container, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged on the upper part of the standard volume constant volume high pressure container, a gas flow pipeline is connected to the left end and the right end of the standard volume constant volume high pressure container, a joint for connecting to the experimental device to be measured is arranged at the end of the gas flow pipeline, an electromagnetic valve A and a manual safety valve A are arranged on the left end of the gas flow pipeline, an electromagnetic valve B and a manual safety valve B are arranged on the right end of the gas flow pipeline, the electromagnetic valve A and the electromagnetic valve B are located between the manual safety valve A and the manual safety valve B; the left end of the bypass venting assembly is connected between the manual safety valve A and the joint, and the right end is connected between the manual safety valve B and the joint; the controller is connected with the electromagnetic valve A, the electromagnetic valve B, the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the bypass venting assembly and the computer; Based on the above determination device, the determination method comprises the following steps: Step 1: the controller controls the manual safety valve A and the manual safety valve B to keep open state, and controls the bypass venting assembly to keep closed state at the same time; Step 2: the controller controls the electromagnetic valve A to open and the electromagnetic valve B to close, so that the gas to be measured output by the experimental device to be measured enters the standard volume constant volume high pressure container through the left end of the gas flow pipeline, then waits for a time dt1, and then the pressure P1 and the temperature T1 in the standard volume constant volume high pressure container are measured by the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor; Step 3: the controller controls the electromagnetic valve A to close, waits for a time dt2, so that the gas in the standard volume constant volume high pressure container is balanced, and then the pressure P2 and the temperature T2 in the standard volume constant volume high pressure container are measured by the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor after the balance; Step 4: the controller controls the electromagnetic valve A to close and the electromagnetic valve B to open, so that the gas to be measured is discharged from the standard volume constant volume high pressure container through the right end of the gas flow pipeline, and waits for a time dt3; Step 5: the computer calculates the flow rate of the gas to be measured according to the volume V of the standard volume constant volume high pressure container, the pressure P1, the pressure P2, the temperature T1, the temperature T2, the deviation factor and the waiting time dt1; The calculation method of the flow rate of the gas to be measured is: The waiting time dt1 is determined according to the volume of the gas to be measured and the inflow speed, the waiting time dt3 is determined according to the volume of the gas to be measured and the outflow speed, and the waiting time dt2 is 10 min. wherein Q Q is the flow rate of the gas to be measured, Z 1 and Z 2 are bias factors, which are calculated by a computer from a bias factor chart for the gas at different pressures and temperatures.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by: The flow rate of the gas flow pipeline is 0.001-1000 mL / min.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by: The pressure in the standard volume constant volume high pressure container is 0-50 MPa.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by: After the determination is completed, the controller controls the bypass venting assembly to open and discharge the gas to be measured.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: ​ 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: The bypass venting assembly comprises a bypass pipeline, a manual safety valve C, a manual safety valve D, a solenoid valve C and a solenoid valve D, the left end and the right end of the bypass pipeline are connected to the gas flow pipeline respectively, the manual safety valve C and the solenoid valve C are both installed at the left end of the bypass pipeline, the manual safety valve D and the solenoid valve D are both installed at the right end of the bypass pipeline, the manual safety valve C is located between the solenoid valve C and the gas flow pipeline, the manual safety valve D is located between the solenoid valve D and the gas flow pipeline, and the solenoid valve C and the solenoid valve D are both connected to the controller.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: The diameter of the gas flow pipeline is 3-5 mm.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by: The standard volume constant-volume high-pressure container is a cylindrical container made of titanium alloy.

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