A dual rickety self-powered sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator

Abstract

The application relates to a sensing device, in particular a dual Roly-Poly self-powered sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator. The purpose is to provide a dual Roly-Poly self-powered sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator, which can efficiently collect mechanical energy in the environment and convert it into electrical energy to provide continuous power supply for the sensor. The technical scheme is a dual Roly-Poly self-powered sensing device based on a friction nanogenerator, which comprises a sensor; characterized in that the device comprises a shell body with a cavity, a dual Roly-Poly structure positioned in the cavity and capable of swinging left and right, and an electromechanical conversion structure installed in the shell body and driven by the dual Roly-Poly structure; and the sensor is electrically connected with the electromechanical conversion structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a sensing device, and more particularly to a dual self-powered sensing device based on a triboelectric nanogenerator. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of the Internet of Things, smart homes, intelligent transportation, and other fields, the demand for sensors with real-time sensing capabilities has continued to grow, enabling convenient monitoring of the state of the environment, equipment, or people. Traditional sensors typically rely on external power supplies, which limits their application range, especially in environments where power is difficult to access.

[0003] Self-powered sensors require no external power supply, generating their own power through mechanical energy conversion mechanisms within the environment. This not only reduces the frequency of battery replacements and maintenance costs but also improves system reliability, offering significant advantages, especially in environments without power access or where battery replacement is difficult. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TGNs) are a novel energy harvesting technology that effectively converts mechanical energy in the environment into electrical energy. Due to their high efficiency, flexibility, and environmental friendliness, they have been widely applied in low-power electronic devices and self-powered sensors, becoming a research hotspot in this field. However, existing TGN-based devices mostly employ a single energy harvesting mode, failing to address the diverse energy conversion needs of complex motion processes. Significant technical bottlenecks exist, particularly in balancing device stability, energy harvesting efficiency, and data transmission reliability. Therefore, providing a power generation device for self-powered sensors has become an urgent problem to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a dual self-powered sensing device based on a triboelectric nanogenerator. This device should be able to efficiently collect mechanical energy from the environment and convert it into electrical energy to provide continuous power to the sensor.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A dual-tumbler-type self-powered sensing device based on a triboelectric nanogenerator includes a sensor; characterized in that: the device includes an outer shell with a cavity, a dual-tumbler structure that can swing left and right and is positioned in the cavity, and an electromechanical conversion structure installed in the outer shell and driven by the dual-tumbler structure; the sensor is electrically connected to the electromechanical conversion structure;

[0007] The outer shell is formed by splicing together an upper shell, a lower shell, and a side cover; wherein, the lower shell has a cavity that runs through the front and back and the outer bottom surface is an arc surface that facilitates swinging, the bottom end of the cavity is an arc-shaped inner bottom surface, and the top end of the cavity is closed by a horizontally set cavity top plate.

[0008] The double roly-poly structure includes an arc-shaped roly-poly with an arc-shaped groove in the middle and a fan-shaped block shape, a counterweight block that can be oscillatingly positioned on the upper side of the arc-shaped roly-poly, and a baffle fixed on the upper side of the counterweight block and having a U-shaped sliding groove at the top.

[0009] In the electromechanical conversion structure, the power generation structure includes two metal electrodes horizontally fixed on both sides of the cavity top plate, a slider that can be reciprocated and positioned between the two metal electrodes, and a dielectric film pasted on the bottom surface of the slider to sense the metal electrodes; the structure includes several metal electrodes laid on the inner bottom surface of the arc shape and a large arc surface laid on the bottom end of the fan-shaped block.

[0010] The small arc surface and the large arc surface of the sector block are arranged coaxially from top to bottom, and the axes of the two arc surfaces are located above the sector block; the radius of the large arc surface is smaller than the radius of the inner arc surface at the bottom of the cavity, and the axis of the large arc surface is parallel to the axis of the inner arc surface; so that the arc-shaped roly-poly toy can swing left and right on the inner arc surface.

[0011] The arc-shaped groove is located between the two end faces of the sector block and between the small arc surface and the large arc surface. The upper side of the arc-shaped groove also extends through the small arc surface and is coaxially arranged with the large arc surface.

[0012] The counterweight is a semi-cylinder with its outer arc facing downwards. The radius of the arc surface of the semi-cylinder is smaller than the radius of the arc surface of the arc groove, and the distance between the two end faces of the semi-cylinder is smaller than the distance between the two walls of the arc groove, so that it can sink into the arc groove and swing along the bottom arc surface of the arc groove.

[0013] The two baffles extend from the front and rear sides of the cavity and then extend vertically upwards to facilitate the inductive engagement of the electromechanical conversion structure.

[0014] The slider has two long shafts and one short shaft protruding horizontally in the front-back direction. Both ends of each shaft extend to the outside of the slider and are fixed with a bearing. The bearings at both ends of the short shaft in the middle position are also embedded in the U-shaped grooves on the two baffles, so that the slider can move back and forth synchronously under the left and right swing of the baffles. The two long shafts extend beyond the baffles to the horizontal grooves on the inner side of the upper housing and slide with the horizontal grooves through the fixed bearings.

[0015] The upper and lower housings are connected by an adjustment structure; the adjustment structure includes hexagonal nut posts installed on both sides of the lower housing and with hexagonal nut posts at the top, two cylindrical slots opened on both sides of the upper housing and fixed to the outer ring of the adjustment bearing, and bolts with the adjustment bearing fixed at the top and the hexagonal nut posts at the bottom.

[0016] In the power generation structure, two metal electrodes each lead out an output terminal to output current to the sensor; in the sensing structure, several metal electrodes on the inner bottom surface of the arc-shaped structure are connected in parallel to lead out an output terminal, and the metal electrode sheet on the large arc surface at the bottom of the fan-shaped block also leads out an output terminal. The two output terminals are used to output voltage signals to the sensor.

[0017] The dielectric film is a polytetrafluoroethylene propylene film; the metal electrode is a copper film.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] 1. The non-contact independent layer power generation mode can reduce frictional losses between the dielectric film and the metal electrode and extend the service life of the device.

[0020] 2. An adjustment structure is added between the connecting parts on both sides of the upper and lower shells to adjust the spacing, which can accurately control the distance between the dielectric film and the metal electrode.

[0021] 3. The double tumbler structure has self-balancing properties, which enables the device to work stably in complex or unstable environments and achieve continuous energy collection and sensing.

[0022] 4. The semi-circular roly-poly structure with a U-shaped groove drives the slider to move through the groove, transforming the irregular motion in the environment into the planar motion of the slider, which can better collect energy and achieve continuous power supply.

[0023] 5. The electrical signals generated by the triboelectric nanogenerator have high sensitivity and can accurately reflect minute changes in motion. Combined with the roly-poly structure, it can achieve stable monitoring under complex environmental conditions.

[0024] 6. The self-powered sensor implemented in this invention can provide electrical energy and voltage signals to the sensor without external power supply, ensuring that the sensor can always be in normal working condition. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is an exploded view diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sensing structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the adjustment structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the double roly-poly structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the electromechanical conversion structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the power generation principle of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Large bearing, 2. Slider, 3. Small bearing, 4. Dielectric film, 5. Metal electrode, 6. Arc-shaped roly-poly toy, 6-1. Arc groove, 6-2. Small arc surface, 6-3. Large arc surface, 7. Counterweight, 8. Baffle, 8-1. U-shaped slide, 9. Bolt, 10. Adjusting bearing, 11. Hexagonal nut post, 12. Lower housing, 12-1. Cavity top plate, 13. Side cover, 14. Upper housing, 14-1. Slide, 14-2. Cylindrical slot, 15. Outer housing, 16. Power generation structure, 17. Double roly-poly structure, 18. Induction structure, 19. Adjustment structure. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Example

[0036] Figure 1 , Figure 3 The self-powered sensing device based on a triboelectric nanogenerator includes a double tumbler structure 17 disposed within a housing and an electromechanical conversion structure installed within the housing and driven by the double tumbler structure; the electromechanical conversion structure includes a power generation structure 16 and an induction structure 18 installed between the double tumbler structure and the bottom surface of the housing.

[0037] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the outer shell 15 is formed by splicing an upper shell 14, a lower shell 12, and a side cover 13. The lower shell has a through-cavity running front to back, and its outer bottom surface is an arcuate surface. The side cover is used to close the cavity in the front-to-back direction of the lower shell. The bottom end of the cavity has an arcuate inner bottom surface, and the top end of the cavity is closed by a horizontally arranged cavity top plate 12-1, the upper surface of which serves as a sliding track. Cylindrical slots 14-2 for installing adjustment structures are respectively formed on the left and right sides of the upper shell. Horizontally arranged sliding grooves 14-1 are respectively formed on the inner surfaces of the front and rear sides of the upper shell to cooperate with the electromechanical conversion structure.

[0038] The distance between the upper housing 14 and the lower housing can be adjusted by the adjustment structure 19, which is located between the upper and lower housings and consists of an adjustment bearing 10, a bolt 9, and a hexagonal nut post 11. The adjustment bearing 10 is fixed in two cylindrical slots on both sides of the upper housing 14, and the inner ring of the adjustment bearing is fixed to the bolt 9. The lower housing 12 has two rectangular slots on corresponding positions on both sides for fixing and installing the hexagonal nut post 11. The bolt 9 and the adjustment bearing 10 can rotate synchronously. By adjusting the distance between the bolt 9 and the hexagonal nut post 11, the distance between the upper housing 14 and the lower housing 12 can be adjusted to meet the required distance between the metal electrode 5 and the dielectric film 4.

[0039] like Figure 6 As shown, the double roly-poly structure 17 includes an arc-shaped roly-poly 6, a counterweight 7 that is pivotally positioned on the upper side of the arc-shaped roly-poly, and a baffle 8 fixed to the upper side of the counterweight. The arc-shaped roly-poly 6 is a fan-shaped block 6 with an arc-shaped groove 6-1 in the middle. The small arc surface and the large arc surface of the fan-shaped block are arranged coaxially from top to bottom, and the axes of the two arc surfaces are located above the fan-shaped block. The radius of the large arc surface is significantly smaller than the radius of the inner arc surface at the bottom of the cavity, and the axis of the large arc surface is parallel to the axis of the inner arc surface; therefore, after the arc-shaped roly-poly is placed into the cavity of the lower shell, it can swing left and right on the inner arc surface, forming the first roly-poly structure.

[0040] The arc-shaped groove is located between the two end faces of the sector block and between the small arc surface and the large arc surface. The upper side of the arc-shaped groove also extends through the small arc surface and is coaxially arranged with the large arc surface. The counterweight 7 is a semi-cylindrical shape with the outer arc surface facing downward. The radius of the arc surface of the semi-cylindrical counterweight is smaller than the radius of the arc surface of the arc groove, and the distance between the two end faces is smaller than the distance between the two walls of the arc groove. Therefore, the counterweight can sink into the arc groove and swing along the bottom arc surface of the groove, forming a second roly-poly structure. When swinging, the two end faces of the counterweight can remain basically parallel to the two end faces of the sector block. Two baffles 8 with U-shaped sliding grooves 8-1 are fixed at the top of the semi-cylindrical column. The two baffles extend from the front and rear sides of the cavity (i.e., towards the side cover) and then extend vertically upward to cooperate with the electromechanical conversion structure.

[0041] like Figure 7 As shown, the electromechanical conversion structure includes a power generation structure 16 and an induction structure 18; it includes a large bearing 1, a small bearing 3, a metal electrode 5, a dielectric film 4, and a slider 2.

[0042] In the power generation structure, two metal electrodes 5 are horizontally fixed on both sides of a sliding track on the top plate of the cavity. A slider is reciprocally positioned between the two metal electrodes. A dielectric film 4 is attached to the bottom surface of the slider 2. Two long shafts and one short shaft are horizontally arranged on the slider 2, extending in the front-back direction (i.e., towards the side cover direction). The end of each shaft extends to the outside of the slider and is fixed with a bearing. The outer ring of the large bearing 1 at both ends of one of the short shafts (shown in the figure as the middle position of the three shafts) is also inserted into the U-shaped sliding groove 8-1 of the two baffles, so that the slider can be synchronously reciprocated under the left-right swing of the baffles. The ends of the other two long shafts extend to the inner side of the upper housing in the front-back direction, so that they can slide in the left-right direction along the sliding groove 14-1 on the inner side of the upper housing through the small bearings fixed at the ends.

[0043] Clearly, the dielectric film 4 attached to the bottom surface of the slider 2 engages with the two metal electrodes 5 on both sides of the sliding track, forming the power generation structure 16 (non-contact independent layer power generation mode). Each of the two metal electrodes can lead out an output terminal, which can be connected to the input terminal of the sensor to form a closed loop, supplying power to the sensor.

[0044] Preferably, the distance between the dielectric film and the metal electrode is smaller than the distance between two adjacent metal electrodes.

[0045] In addition, by Figure 4 It can be seen that: several metal electrodes 5 are laid on the inner bottom surface of the arc-shaped structure. These metal electrodes are arranged along the arc of the inner bottom surface of the arc-shaped structure, and a distance is maintained between each pair of metal electrodes; metal electrode sheets and dielectric films are laid sequentially from the inside to the outside on the large arc surface at the bottom of the fan-shaped block. The dielectric film covers the metal electrode sheets (which are individual metal electrode sheets of the same size as the dielectric film); thus forming the sensing structure 18. During operation, the arc-shaped roly-poly toy swings back and forth on the inner bottom surface of the arc-shaped structure. The dielectric film rubs against the several metal electrodes on the inner bottom surface of the arc-shaped structure, thereby generating induced charges on the metal electrodes. Several metal electrodes are connected in parallel to form an output terminal, and the metal electrode sheet also forms an output terminal. There is a voltage between the two output terminals; this can serve as the voltage signal required by the sensor.

[0046] Preferably, in the triboelectric power generation structure, the dielectric film is selected as a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film, which has strong wear resistance and corrosion resistance. PTFE is also an electret material, and the triboelectric charge generated by contact sliding friction can remain on the film surface, promoting power generation. The metal electrode is selected as a copper sheet with a high-density thin film surface to further enhance the triboelectric power generation effect.

[0047] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Figure 8 As shown:

[0048] In static equilibrium, slider 2 is positioned between the left and right electrodes, the double self-righting structure 17 is in a vertical position, and there is no charge flow in the circuit, as shown in the figure. When the device is subjected to an external force, the double tumbler structure 17 drives the slider 2 to reciprocate horizontally along the U-shaped groove. When the double tumbler structure 17 swings to the left, it drives the slider 2 to move horizontally to the left. The dielectric film 4 carries a negative charge, and the surface of the metal electrode 5 carries a positive charge. Due to the electrostatic induction effect, the positive charge on the right electrode flows to the left electrode through the circuit, generating an instantaneous current in the circuit. When the slider 2 moves to the leftmost end, the number of positive charges in the left electrode reaches its maximum value, as shown in the figure. <ii>When the double roly-poly structure 17 moves from the leftmost to the rightmost end, it causes the slider 2 to move horizontally from left to right. When the double roly-poly structure 17 returns to the vertical position, the slider 2 returns to the middle position between the left and right electrodes. The left and right electrodes carry the same amount of positive charge, and at this time they are still in a state of equilibrium, as shown in the figure. <iii>The double roly-poly structure 17 continues to swing to the right, causing slider 2 to continue moving to the right. At this time, the positive charge in the left electrode continues to flow to the right electrode through the circuit. When slider 2 moves to the rightmost end, the number of positive charges in the right electrode reaches its maximum value, as shown in the figure. <iv>The double roly-poly structure 17 swings to the left again, passing through the vertical position, and slider 2 returns to the middle position between the left and right electrodes, as shown in the figure. This completes one induction power generation cycle. The output terminals of the two electrodes can be connected to the sensor to output operating current to the sensor.

[0049] Several metal electrodes on the arc-shaped base are connected in parallel to form one output terminal, while the metal electrode on the bottom surface of the lower housing cavity serves as another output terminal. The dielectric film at the bottom of the arc-shaped tumbler is in contact with the metal electrodes on the arc-shaped base. When the arc-shaped tumbler swings on the arc-shaped base, due to the triboelectric effect, the surface of the metal electrode on the arc-shaped base in contact with the dielectric film becomes positively charged, while the surface of the dielectric film becomes negatively charged. As the arc-shaped tumbler continues to swing, the two contact surfaces gradually separate, generating a potential difference between them, forming an instantaneous voltage signal. This signal is output through the two output terminals and can be used as the voltage signal required by the sensor.

[0050] The roly-poly toy is a traditional children's toy with a self-restoring balance mechanism. This property makes the roly-poly structure stable and reliable in complex environments, making it particularly suitable for energy harvesting and self-powered systems in dynamic or vibrating environments. The dual roly-poly design provided by this invention builds upon the traditional roly-poly structure by adding a second roly-poly module to form a dual self-balancing system. Combining this with a triboelectric nanogenerator enables a more efficient and sustained energy conversion process, suitable for self-powered sensor systems in dynamic environments, providing an effective solution for the stable operation of self-powered sensors.

[0051] The above descriptions are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some technical features, all of which should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. < / iv> < / iii> < / ii>

Claims

1. A dual-type self-powered sensing device based on a triboelectric nanogenerator, characterized in that: The device includes an outer shell with a cavity, a double roly-poly structure that can swing left and right and is positioned in the cavity, and an electromechanical conversion structure installed in the outer shell and driven by the double roly-poly structure. The outer shell (15) is formed by splicing together an upper shell (14), a lower shell (12) and a side cover (13); wherein, the lower shell has a cavity that runs through the front and back and the outer bottom surface is an arc surface that facilitates swinging, the bottom end of the cavity is an arc-shaped inner bottom surface, and the top end of the cavity is closed by a horizontally set cavity top plate (12-1). The double roly-poly structure includes an arc-shaped roly-poly (6) with an arc-shaped groove (6-1) in the middle and a fan-shaped block shape, a counterweight (7) that can be swung and positioned on the upper side of the arc-shaped roly-poly, and a baffle (8) that is fixed on the upper side of the counterweight and has a U-shaped groove at the top. In the electromechanical conversion structure, the power generation structure (16) includes two metal electrodes (5) horizontally fixed on both sides of the cavity top plate, a slider (2) reciprocally positioned between the two metal electrodes, and a dielectric film (4) pasted on the bottom surface of the slider to sense the metal electrodes; the sensing structure (18) includes several metal electrodes laid on the inner bottom surface of the arc, a metal electrode sheet laid on the large arc surface at the bottom end of the fan-shaped block, and a dielectric film covering the outer surface of the metal electrode sheet; The small arc surface (6-2) and the large arc surface (6-3) of the sector block are set on the same axis, and the axes of the two arc surfaces are located above the sector block; the radius of the large arc surface is smaller than the radius of the inner arc surface at the bottom of the cavity, and the axis of the large arc surface is parallel to the axis of the inner arc surface; so that the arc-shaped roly-poly toy can swing left and right on the inner arc surface. The arc-shaped groove is located between the two end faces of the sector block and between the small arc surface and the large arc surface. The upper side of the arc-shaped groove also passes through the small arc surface and is coaxial with the large arc surface. The counterweight is a semi-cylinder with its outer arc facing downwards. The radius of the arc surface of the semi-cylinder is smaller than the radius of the arc surface of the arc groove, and the distance between the two end faces of the semi-cylinder is smaller than the distance between the two walls of the arc groove, so that it can sink into the arc groove and swing along the bottom arc surface of the arc groove. The two baffles extend from the front and rear sides of the cavity and then extend vertically upwards to facilitate the inductive engagement of the electromechanical conversion structure. Two long shafts and one short shaft are arranged horizontally on the slider and protrude in the front-back direction. Both ends of each shaft extend to the outside of the slider and are fixed with a bearing. The bearings at both ends of the short shaft in the middle position are also embedded in the U-shaped grooves on the two baffles, so that the slider can be synchronously reciprocated under the left and right swing of the baffles. The two long shafts extend beyond the baffles to the horizontal grooves on the inner side of the upper housing and slide in cooperation with the horizontal grooves through the fixed bearings.

2. The dual self-powered sensing device based on a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper housing and the lower housing are connected by an adjustment structure; the adjustment structure includes a hexagonal nut post (11) installed on both sides of the lower housing and installed at the top, two cylindrical slots opened on both sides of the upper housing and fixed to the outer ring of the adjustment bearing (10), and a bolt (9) with the adjustment bearing fixed at the top and the hexagonal nut post at the bottom.

3. The dual self-powered sensing device based on a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the power generation structure, two metal electrodes each lead out an output terminal to output current to the sensor; in the sensing structure, several metal electrodes on the inner bottom surface of the arc-shaped structure are connected in parallel to lead out an output terminal, and the metal electrode sheet on the large arc surface at the bottom of the fan-shaped block also leads out an output terminal. The two output terminals are used to output voltage signals to the sensor.

4. The dual self-powered sensing device based on a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dielectric film is a polytetrafluoroethylene propylene film; the metal electrode is a copper film.

Images