Martensite transition layer surfacing wear-resisting plate and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wear-resistant materials, in particular to a martensite transition layer surfacing wear-resistant plate and a preparation method of the martensite transition layer surfacing wear-resistant plate. A first surfacing layer, a second surfacing layer and a third surfacing layer are prepared on the base metal in an open arc welding mode, a submerged arc welding mode and a submerged arc welding mode respectively; wherein after the first surfacing layer is prepared, the plate is cooled, and the cooling speed is controlled, so that base metal is close to a fusion area to form low-carbon martensitic steel; after the third surfacing layer is prepared, the surfacing surface of the plate is subjected to laser shock treatment; the surfacing lining plate structurally comprises the 8 mm low-carbon martensitic steel plate, the 4 mm open arc welding high-chromium surfacing layer, the 5 mm submerged arc welding high-chromium surfacing layer and the 5 mm submerged arc welding high-chromium surfacing layer, the wear resistance of the whole wear-resisting plate can be improved, meanwhile, base metal has toughness, and the service life of the wear-resisting plate is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wear-resistant materials, in particular to a martensitic transition layer surfacing wear-resistant plate and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] High chromium white wear-resistant cast iron, referred to as high chromium cast iron, is a multi-element alloy with Fe, Cr and C as the basic components. Its wear resistance is much higher than that of alloy steel, while its toughness and strength are much higher than that of ordinary white cast iron. At the same time, high chromium cast iron also has excellent high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, low cost and simple production process. Therefore, as a wear-resistant material with excellent performance, it is widely used in mining, cement, electricity, building materials and metallurgy industries. Ordinary high chromium cast iron surfacing wear-resistant plate uses Q235 iron-based material as the base material, and Q235 iron-based material has poor wear resistance. When the wear-resistant layer material on the template is worn, the base material will be worn quickly, resulting in abrasive directly wearing the inner wall of the equipment, causing huge losses. There is a technology for preparing a wear-resistant layer by submerged arc welding in the prior art, but the current and voltage of submerged arc welding are relatively high, which may easily lead to excessive cladding at some locations during the submerged arc cladding process due to excessive current and voltage. The substrate further dilutes the application elements of the wear-resistant layer, resulting in the wear-resistant layer being unable to be evenly distributed on the surface of the substrate, ultimately making the wear-resistant layer of the entire wear-resistant plate unevenly distributed, and the wear-resistant effect during use is not ideal. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a martensitic transition layer cladding wear-resistant plate and a preparation method thereof, specifically a novel preparation method of an open arc + submerged arc cladding wear-resistant plate of a martensitic transition layer, so as to solve the above problems.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention discloses a method for preparing a martensitic transition layer cladding wear-resistant plate, wherein low-carbon martensitic steel that has been completely annealed is used as a base material, and a first cladding layer, a second cladding layer and a third cladding layer are prepared on the base material by open arc welding, submerged arc welding and submerged arc welding respectively; wherein, after the preparation of the first cladding layer, the plate is cooled, and the cooling rate is controlled so that the base material approaches a fusion zone to form low-carbon martensitic steel; after the preparation of the third cladding layer, the cladding surface of the plate is subjected to laser shock treatment; the process conditions of the laser shock treatment are as follows: pulse energy 10-15J, pulse laser spot size 1-4mm, spot overlap rate 60-65%, and reinforcement times 2-3 times.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the present invention firstly performs a complete annealing treatment on the low-carbon martensitic steel, and after the complete annealing treatment, the low-carbon martensitic steel will be transformed into a base material composed of ferrite steel and pearlite steel, and then the first cladding layer is formed on the base material by open arc welding. During the high-temperature welding process, due to the high temperature during open arc welding, the ferrite steel and pearlite steel on the surface of the base material after the complete annealing treatment are transformed into low-carbon martensitic steel by controlling the cooling rate. After the wear-resistant layer is worn, the wear-resistant plate can continue to be used because the low-carbon martensitic steel formed on the surface of the base material has high wear resistance. At the same time, because the part of the base material away from the cladding layer is composed of ferrite steel and pearlite steel, the base material still has toughness, thereby avoiding the brittle cracking phenomenon of the wear-resistant plate during use, and extending its service life to a certain extent. The submerged arc welding cladding layer is produced in sections, which avoids damage to the first cladding layer caused by excessive current and voltage, ensures the uniformity of the interface between the submerged arc welding cladding layer and the open arc welding cladding layer, and thus improves the overall mechanical properties; then the surface of the third cladding layer is laser impact treated, using a high-energy-density laser beam to bombard the surface of the cladding layer in a very short time to form a plastic deformation layer with high residual compressive stress and high dislocation density, thereby strengthening the surface of the wear-resistant layer. Appropriate pulse energy and number of strengthening times ensure the strengthening effect.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the first surfacing layer is 4 mm; and / or the thickness of the second surfacing layer and the third surfacing layer are both 5 mm.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chemical composition of the low carbon martensitic steel is: C 0.16-0.23wt.%, Mn 1.6-2.1wt.%, Mo 0.3-0.5wt.%, Cr: 1.3-2.0wt.%, Ni: 0.6-1.0wt.%, Al: 0.5-0.8wt.%, and the rest is iron and unavoidable impurities, and the total amount of the impurities is less than 0.5wt.%.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the welding wire for preparing the first cladding layer is preferably LX-SJ101, and the flux is preferably F5A4-H10Mn2.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process conditions of the laser shock treatment are as follows: pulse energy 15J, pulse laser spot size 4mm, spot overlap rate 60%, and strengthening times 2 times.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wear-resistant alloy powder comprises the following components: 95wt.% ferrochrome powder, 3wt.% ferromanganese powder, 1wt.% molybdenum powder and 1wt.% ferroboron powder.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of completely annealing the base material is: heating from room temperature to 880-920°C at a heating rate of 30-50°C / min, keeping the temperature for 3-5h and then cooling the temperature to room temperature.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process conditions of open arc welding are as follows: welding voltage is 30V, welding current is 350A, welding speed in X direction is 2300mm / min; welding speed in Y direction is 230mm / min.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process conditions of submerged arc welding are as follows: welding voltage is 37V, welding current is 450A, powder feeding speed is 660g / min, welding speed in X direction is 2200mm / min; welding speed in Y direction is 220mm / min.

[0015] In a specific embodiment, the method for preparing a martensitic transition layer surfacing wear-resistant plate comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. Clean the area to be welded and the adjacent area on the surface of the base material;

[0017] S2, completely annealing the cleaned base material, so that ferrite steel and pearlite are formed on the surface of the base material after the complete annealing;

[0018] S3. Use self-developed flux-cored wire for open arc welding to form the first weld overlay layer; spray water to cool the first weld overlay layer, control the water spray flow rate, and control the cooling rate at 50-60℃ / min, so that the base material close to the fusion zone is converted into low-carbon martensitic steel again;

[0019] S4, laying the wear-resistant alloy powder on the surface of the first cladding layer; performing submerged arc cladding welding on the wear-resistant alloy powder to form a second cladding layer;

[0020] S5. Repeat step S4 to form a third surfacing layer; after preparing the third surfacing layer, perform laser shock treatment on the surfacing surface of the plate; the process conditions of the laser shock treatment are as follows: pulse energy 10-15J, pulse laser spot size 1-4mm, spot overlap rate 60-65%, and strengthening times 2-3 times.

[0021] The step of performing open arc welding in S3 is specifically as follows: designing the starting point, end point and trajectory of the welding track, and the welding gun starts arcing from the starting point to weld the wear-resistant alloy welding wire under the high temperature generated by the arc to form a first cladding layer.

[0022] Preferably, in S4, the starting point, the end point and the track of the welding track are designed, the welding gun starts to strike an arc from the starting point, and the wear-resistant alloy powder is laid on the welding track in advance to form the second surfacing layer.

[0023] The second aspect of the present invention is to provide a martensitic transition layer cladding wear-resistant plate, comprising a base material and a transition layer composed of a first cladding layer, a second cladding layer and a third cladding layer in sequence. The cladding wear-resistant plate is formed in the form of 8+4+5+5 (8mm low carbon martensitic steel plate + 4mm open arc welding high chromium cladding layer + 5mm submerged arc welding high chromium cladding layer + 5mm submerged arc welding high chromium cladding layer).

[0024] The present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0025] The surfacing lining plate prepared by the present invention adopts the form of 8+4+5+5 (8mm low-carbon martensitic steel plate + 4mm open arc welding high-chromium surfacing layer + 5mm submerged arc welding high-chromium surfacing layer + 5mm submerged arc welding high-chromium surfacing layer). Open arc welding does not require the addition of flux and therefore does not require slag removal, and can be cooled quickly. The open arc welding surfacing process uses a water spray cooling device to control the cooling rate so that the parent material approaches the fusion zone to form low-carbon martensitic steel. After 4mm of open arc welding, submerged arc welding is used to improve productivity and wear resistance. Submerged arc welding double-layer surfacing can improve the wear resistance of the overall wear-resistant plate, while also making the parent material tough. The mechanical strength of the wear-resistant layer is enhanced through laser shock treatment, thereby extending the service life of the wear-resistant plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor:

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a wear-resistant lining plate prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, 1, base material; 2, first surfacing layer; 3, second surfacing layer; 4, third surfacing layer;

[0028] Figure 2 The heat treatment procedure of the base material of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a morphology diagram of low-carbon martensite formed at the connection between the base material and the cladding layer in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a morphology diagram of ferrite and pearlite in the annealed state formed after the base material is subjected to heat preservation annealing pretreatment in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a new type of open arc + submerged arc surfacing wear-resistant plate of martensitic transition layer, and its structure includes a base material 1, a first surfacing layer 2, a second surfacing layer 3, and a third surfacing layer 4 formed on the base material 1. The base material 1 is a low-carbon martensitic steel that has been completely annealed. When the first surfacing layer 2 is welded on the surface of the base material 1, a low-carbon martensitic steel is formed on the surface of the base material 1. The thickness of the base material 1 is 8 mm, the thickness of the first surfacing layer 2 is 4 mm, the thickness of the second surfacing layer 3 is 5 mm, and the thickness of the third surfacing layer 4 is 5 mm.

[0034] The embodiment of the present invention also discloses a novel method for preparing a wear-resistant plate with an open arc + submerged arc welding of a martensitic transition layer, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1. Clean the surface of the base material 1 where welding is to be carried out and the adjacent areas;

[0036] Clean the area to be welded and the adjacent area on the surface of the parent material 1, for example, clean the impurities, oil stains, etc. on the area to be welded and the adjacent area.

[0037] S2, completely annealing the cleaned base material 1;

[0038] The base material 1 is completely annealed, thereby converting the base material 1 of low-carbon martensitic steel into a base material 1 composed of ferrite steel and pearlite steel.

[0039] S3, welding the open arc flux-cored wire on the surface of the base material 1 to form a first cladding layer 2; in the process of high temperature welding, due to the high temperature during welding, the ferrite steel and pearlite steel on the surface of the base material 1 after complete annealing are converted into low-carbon martensitic steel again. When the wear-resistant layer is worn, the low-carbon martensitic steel formed on the surface of the base material 1 has high wear resistance, so that the wear-resistant plate can continue to be used. At the same time, since the part of the base material 1 away from the first cladding layer 2 is composed of ferrite steel and pearlite steel, the base material 1 still has toughness, thereby avoiding the brittle cracking phenomenon of the wear-resistant plate during use, and extending its service life to a certain extent;

[0040] S4. Submerged arc surfacing welding is performed on the wear-resistant alloy powder to form a second surfacing layer 3, and the step is repeated to prepare a third surfacing layer 4; after preparing the third surfacing layer 4, the surfacing surface of the plate is subjected to laser shock treatment; the process conditions of the laser shock treatment are as follows: pulse energy 10-15J, pulse laser spot size 1-4mm, spot overlap rate 60-65%, and strengthening times 2-3 times.

[0041] The complete annealing treatment is to heat the base material from room temperature to 880-920°C at a heating rate of 30-50°C / min, keep it warm for 3-5 hours and then cool it to room temperature in the furnace.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the specific operation of open arc welding in S3 is: designing the starting point, end point and trajectory of the welding track, the welding gun starts to strike the arc from the starting point and welds the wear-resistant alloy wire under the high temperature generated by the arc to form a first weld overlay layer 2.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the specific operation of S4 for submerged arc welding is: designing the starting point, end point and trajectory of the welding track, the welding gun starts arcing from the starting point, and wear-resistant alloy powder is laid on the welding track in advance to form a second welding layer 3 and a third welding layer 4.

[0044] In some preferred embodiments, the process conditions of open arc welding are as follows: welding voltage is 30 V, welding current is 350 A, welding speed in X direction is 2300 mm / min, and welding speed in Y direction is 230 mm / min.

[0045] In some preferred embodiments, the process conditions of submerged arc welding are as follows: welding voltage is 37V, welding current is 450A, powder feeding speed is 660g / min, welding speed in X direction is 2200mm / min; welding speed in Y direction is 220mm / min.

[0046] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the element composition of low carbon martensite is as follows: C 0.16~0.23wt.%, Mn 1.6~2.1wt.%, Mo 0.3~0.5wt.%, Cr: 1.3~2.0wt.%, Ni: 0.6~1.0wt.%, Al: 0.5~0.8wt.%, and the rest are iron and unavoidable impurities, and the total amount of impurities is less than 0.5wt.%.

[0047] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the chemical composition of the wear-resistant alloy powder used is shown in Table 1.

[0048] Table 1 Chemical composition of wear-resistant alloy powder (wt.%)

[0049]

[0050] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] This embodiment provides a novel method for preparing a wear-resistant plate with open arc + submerged arc welding of a martensitic transition layer, and the specific method is as follows:

[0053] S1. A low-carbon martensitic steel with a thickness of 8 mm is used as a base material, and the element composition is as follows: C 0.18wt.%, Mn 2.1wt.%, Mo 0.4wt.%, Cr: 2.0wt.%, Ni: 0.8wt.%, Al: 0.5wt.%, and the rest is iron and unavoidable impurities, and the total amount of impurities is less than 0.5wt.%;

[0054] Clean the impurities and oil stains on the area to be welded and the adjacent areas on the surface of the parent material; clean the impurities, oil stains on the area to be welded and the adjacent areas;

[0055] S2, adoption Figure 2 The cleaned base material is heated from room temperature to 900℃ according to the heating program, kept at this temperature for 5 hours and then cooled to room temperature in the furnace;

[0056] Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that after full annealing, the low-carbon martensitic steel is transformed into a base material consisting of ferrite and pearlite steel;

[0057] S3. Use LX-SJ101 as welding wire and F5A4-H10Mn2 as flux to weld open arc flux-cored wire to the surface of the base material. The welding voltage is 30V and the welding current is 350A. During the welding process, the welding gun trajectory actuator clamps the welding gun and controls the welding gun to move along the required trajectory. The welding gun trajectory actuator can use an articulated robot (with 10 axes) to achieve the translation, swing, rotation and composite movement of the welding gun; the welding speed in the X direction is 2300mm / min; the welding speed in the Y direction is 230mm / min. After welding, the first cladding layer 2 is formed with a thickness of 4mm; spray water to cool the first cladding layer 2, control the water spray flow rate, and control the cooling rate at 50-60℃ / min, so that the base material is converted into low-carbon martensitic steel again near the fusion zone; the scanning electron microscope image of the connection interface between the cladding layer and the base material is shown in Figure 3 ,Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the ferrite steel and pearlite steel on the surface of the base material 1 after the complete annealing treatment are transformed into low-carbon martensitic steel again;

[0058] S4, using wear-resistant alloy powder (the mass ratio of the alloy powder is chromium iron powder: manganese iron powder: molybdenum powder: boron iron powder = 95: 3: 1: 1) to perform submerged arc cladding welding on the surface of the first cladding layer 2, the welding voltage is 37V, the welding current is 450A, the powder feeding speed is 660g / min, the X-direction welding speed is 2200mm / min; the Y-direction welding speed is 220mm / min, and the second cladding layer 3 is formed by submerged arc welding with a thickness of 5mm; after the second cladding layer 3 is completed, repeat this step again to prepare a third cladding layer 4 with a thickness of 5mm;

[0059] After preparing the third weld overlay layer 4, the weld overlay surface of the plate is subjected to laser shock treatment; the process conditions of the laser shock treatment are as follows: pulse energy 10J, pulse laser spot size 3mm, spot overlap rate 65%, and strengthening times 3 times.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] This embodiment provides a novel method for preparing a wear-resistant plate with open arc + submerged arc welding of a martensitic transition layer, and the specific method is as follows:

[0062] S1. A low-carbon martensitic steel with a thickness of 8 mm is used as a base material, and the element composition is as follows: C 0.18wt.%, Mn 2.1wt.%, Mo 0.4wt.%, Cr: 2.0wt.%, Ni: 0.8wt.%, Al: 0.5wt.%, and the rest is iron and unavoidable impurities, and the total amount of impurities is less than 0.5wt.%;

[0063] Clean the impurities and oil stains on the area to be welded and the adjacent areas on the surface of the parent material; clean the impurities, oil stains on the area to be welded and the adjacent areas;

[0064] S2. Heat the cleaned base material from room temperature to 920°C at a heating rate of 30°C / min, keep it warm for 3 hours, and then cool it to room temperature;

[0065] S3. Use LX-SJ101 as welding wire and F5A4-H10Mn2 as flux to weld the open arc flux-cored wire to the surface of the base material. The welding voltage is 30V and the welding current is 350A. During the welding process, the welding gun trajectory actuator clamps the welding gun and controls the welding gun to move along the required trajectory. The welding gun trajectory actuator can use a joint robot (with 10 axes) to achieve the translation, swing, rotation and composite movement of the welding gun; the welding speed in the X direction is 2300mm / min; the welding speed in the Y direction is 230mm / min. After welding, the first cladding layer 2 is formed with a thickness of 4mm; spray water to cool the first cladding layer 2, control the water spray flow rate, and control the cooling rate at 50-60℃ / min, so that the base material close to the fusion zone is converted into low-carbon martensitic steel again;

[0066] S4, using wear-resistant alloy powder (the mass ratio of the alloy powder is chromium iron powder: manganese iron powder: molybdenum powder: boron iron powder = 95: 3: 1: 1) to perform submerged arc cladding welding on the surface of the first cladding layer 2, the welding voltage is 37V, the welding current is 450A, the powder feeding speed is 660g / min, the X-direction welding speed is 2200mm / min; the Y-direction welding speed is 220mm / min, and the second cladding layer 3 is formed by submerged arc welding with a thickness of 5mm; after the second cladding layer 3 is completed, repeat this step again to prepare a third cladding layer 4 with a thickness of 5mm;

[0067] After the third weld overlay layer 4 is prepared, the weld overlay surface of the plate is subjected to laser shock treatment; the process conditions of the laser shock treatment are as follows: pulse energy 15 J, pulse laser spot size 4 mm, spot overlap rate 60%, and strengthening times 2 times.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] This embodiment provides a novel method for preparing a wear-resistant plate with open arc + submerged arc welding of a martensitic transition layer, and the specific method is as follows:

[0070] S1. A low-carbon martensitic steel with a thickness of 8 mm is used as a base material, and the element composition is as follows: C 0.18wt.%, Mn 2.1wt.%, Mo 0.4wt.%, Cr: 2.0wt.%, Ni: 0.8wt.%, Al: 0.5wt.%, and the rest is iron and unavoidable impurities, and the total amount of impurities is less than 0.5wt.%;

[0071] Clean the impurities and oil stains on the area to be welded and the adjacent areas on the surface of the parent material; clean the impurities, oil stains on the area to be welded and the adjacent areas;

[0072] S2, heating from room temperature to 880°C at a rate of 30°C / min, keeping the temperature for 4 hours and then cooling the furnace to room temperature;

[0073] Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that after full annealing, the low-carbon martensitic steel is transformed into a base material consisting of ferrite and pearlite steel;

[0074] S3. Use LX-SJ101 as welding wire and F5A4-H10Mn2 as flux to weld the open arc flux-cored wire to the surface of the base material. The welding voltage is 30V and the welding current is 350A. During the welding process, the welding gun trajectory actuator clamps the welding gun and controls the welding gun to move along the required trajectory. The welding gun trajectory actuator can use a joint robot (with 10 axes) to achieve the translation, swing, rotation and composite movement of the welding gun; the welding speed in the X direction is 2300mm / min; the welding speed in the Y direction is 230mm / min. After welding, the first cladding layer 2 is formed with a thickness of 4mm; spray water to cool the first cladding layer 2, control the water spray flow rate, and control the cooling rate at 50-60℃ / min, so that the base material close to the fusion zone is converted into low-carbon martensitic steel again;

[0075] S4, using wear-resistant alloy powder (the mass ratio of the alloy powder is chromium iron powder: manganese iron powder: molybdenum powder: boron iron powder = 95: 3: 1: 1) to perform submerged arc cladding welding on the surface of the first cladding layer 2, the welding voltage is 37V, the welding current is 450A, the powder feeding speed is 660g / min, the X-direction welding speed is 2200mm / min; the Y-direction welding speed is 220mm / min, and the second cladding layer 3 is formed by submerged arc welding with a thickness of 5mm; after the second cladding layer 3 is completed, repeat this step again to prepare a third cladding layer 4 with a thickness of 5mm;

[0076] After preparing the third weld overlay layer 4, the weld overlay surface of the plate is subjected to laser shock treatment; the process conditions of the laser shock treatment are as follows: pulse energy 15J, pulse laser spot size 3mm, spot overlap rate 60%, and strengthening times 2 times.

[0077] Example 4

[0078] This embodiment provides a novel method for preparing a wear-resistant plate with open arc + submerged arc welding of a martensitic transition layer, and the specific method is as follows:

[0079] S1. A low-carbon martensitic steel with a thickness of 8 mm is used as a base material, and the element composition is as follows: C 0.18wt.%, Mn 2.1wt.%, Mo 0.4wt.%, Cr: 2.0wt.%, Ni: 0.8wt.%, Al: 0.5wt.%, and the rest is iron and unavoidable impurities, and the total amount of impurities is less than 0.5wt.%;

[0080] Clean the impurities and oil stains on the area to be welded and the adjacent areas on the surface of the parent material; clean the impurities, oil stains on the area to be welded and the adjacent areas;

[0081] S2, heating from room temperature to 880°C at a rate of 45°C / min, keeping the temperature for 4 hours and then cooling the furnace to room temperature;

[0082] S3. Use LX-SJ101 as welding wire and F5A4-H10Mn2 as flux to weld the open arc flux-cored wire to the surface of the base material. The welding voltage is 30V and the welding current is 350A. During the welding process, the welding gun trajectory actuator clamps the welding gun and controls the welding gun to move along the required trajectory. The welding gun trajectory actuator can use a joint robot (with 10 axes) to achieve the translation, swing, rotation and composite movement of the welding gun; the welding speed in the X direction is 2300mm / min; the welding speed in the Y direction is 230mm / min. After welding, the first weld overlay layer is formed with a thickness of 4mm; spray water to cool the first weld overlay layer, control the water spray flow rate, and control the cooling rate at 50-60℃ / min, so that the base material close to the fusion zone is converted into low-carbon martensitic steel again;

[0083] S4, using wear-resistant alloy powder (the mass ratio of the alloy powder is chromium iron powder: manganese iron powder: molybdenum powder: boron iron powder = 95: 3: 1: 1) to perform submerged arc cladding welding on the surface of the first cladding layer, the welding voltage is 37V, the welding current is 450A, the powder feeding speed is 660g / min, the X-direction welding speed is 2200mm / min; the Y-direction welding speed is 220mm / min, and the second cladding layer 3 is formed by submerged arc welding with a thickness of 5mm; after the second cladding layer 3 is completed, repeat this step again to prepare a third cladding layer 4 with a thickness of 5mm;

[0084] After the third weld overlay layer 4 is prepared, the weld overlay surface of the plate is subjected to laser shock treatment; the process conditions of the laser shock treatment are as follows: pulse energy 15 J, pulse laser spot size 4 mm, spot overlap rate 60%, and strengthening times 2 times.

[0085] Comparative Example 1

[0086] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a martensitic transition layer open arc + submerged arc cladding wear-resistant plate, and the specific method is as follows:

[0087] S1. A low-carbon martensitic steel with a thickness of 8 mm is used as a base material, and the element composition is as follows: C 0.18wt.%, Mn 2.1wt.%, Mo 0.4wt.%, Cr: 2.0wt.%, Ni: 0.8wt.%, Al: 0.5wt.%, and the rest is iron and unavoidable impurities, and the total amount of impurities is less than 0.5wt.%;

[0088] Clean the impurities and oil stains on the area to be welded and the adjacent areas on the surface of the parent material; clean the impurities, oil stains on the area to be welded and the adjacent areas;

[0089] S2, adoption Figure 2 The cleaned base material is heated from room temperature to 900℃ according to the heating program, kept at this temperature for 5 hours and then cooled to room temperature in the furnace;

[0090] S3. Submerged arc cladding welding is performed on the surface of the base material with wear-resistant alloy powder (the mass ratio of the alloy powder components is chromium iron powder: manganese iron powder: molybdenum powder: boron iron powder = 95:3:1:1), the welding voltage is 37V, the welding current is 450A, the powder feeding speed is 660g / min, the welding speed in the X direction is 2200mm / min; the welding speed in the Y direction is 220mm / min, and the first cladding layer 2 with a thickness of 9mm is formed by submerged arc welding; the first cladding layer 2 is cooled by spraying water, and the water spraying flow rate is controlled to control the cooling rate at 50-60℃ / min, so that the base material is converted into low-carbon martensitic steel again near the fusion zone; after the first cladding layer 2 is completed, the step is repeated again to prepare the second cladding layer 3 with a thickness of 5mm; after the second cladding layer 3 is prepared, the cladding surface of the plate is subjected to laser shock treatment; the process conditions of the laser shock treatment are as follows: pulse energy 15J, pulse laser spot size 4mm, spot overlap rate 60%, and strengthening times 2 times.

[0091] Comparative Example 2

[0092] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a martensitic transition layer open arc + submerged arc cladding wear-resistant plate, and the specific method is as follows:

[0093] S1. A low-carbon martensitic steel with a thickness of 8 mm is used as a base material, and the element composition is as follows: C 0.18wt.%, Mn 2.1wt.%, Mo 0.4wt.%, Cr: 2.0wt.%, Ni: 0.8wt.%, Al: 0.5wt.%, and the rest is iron and unavoidable impurities, and the total amount of impurities is less than 0.5wt.%;

[0094] Clean the impurities and oil stains on the area to be welded and the adjacent areas on the surface of the parent material; clean the impurities, oil stains on the area to be welded and the adjacent areas;

[0095] S2, adoption Figure 2 The cleaned base material is heated from room temperature to 900℃ according to the heating program, kept at this temperature for 5 hours and then cooled to room temperature in the furnace;

[0096] S3. Use LX-SJ101 as welding wire and F5A4-H10Mn2 as flux to weld the open arc flux-cored wire to the surface of the base material. The welding voltage is 30V and the welding current is 350A. During the welding process, the welding gun trajectory actuator clamps the welding gun and controls the welding gun to move along the required trajectory. The welding gun trajectory actuator can use a joint robot (with 10 axes) to achieve the translation, swing, rotation and composite movement of the welding gun; the welding speed in the X direction is 2300mm / min; the welding speed in the Y direction is 230mm / min. After welding, the first cladding layer 2 is formed with a thickness of 4mm; spray water to cool the first cladding layer 2, control the water spray flow rate, and control the cooling rate at 50-60℃ / min, so that the base material close to the fusion zone is converted into low-carbon martensitic steel again;

[0097] S4. Use wear-resistant alloy powder (the mass ratio of the alloy powder is ferrochrome powder: ferromanganese powder: molybdenum powder: ferroboron powder = 95:3:1:1) to perform submerged arc cladding welding on the surface of the first cladding layer. The welding voltage is 37V, the welding current is 450A, the powder feeding speed is 660g / min, and the welding speed in the X direction is 2200mm / min; the welding speed in the Y direction is 220mm / min. After submerged arc welding, a second cladding layer 3 with a thickness of 10mm is formed; after preparing the second cladding layer 3, the cladding surface of the plate is subjected to laser shock treatment; the process conditions of the laser shock treatment are as follows: pulse energy 15J, pulse laser spot size 4mm, spot overlap rate 60%, and strengthening times 2 times.

[0098] Comparative Example 3

[0099] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a martensitic transition layer open arc + submerged arc cladding wear-resistant plate, and the specific method is as follows:

[0100] S1. A low-carbon martensitic steel with a thickness of 8 mm is used as a base material, and the element composition is as follows: C 0.18wt.%, Mn 2.1wt.%, Mo 0.4wt.%, Cr: 2.0wt.%, Ni: 0.8wt.%, Al: 0.5wt.%, and the rest is iron and unavoidable impurities, and the total amount of impurities is less than 0.5wt.%;

[0101] Clean the impurities and oil stains on the area to be welded and the adjacent areas on the surface of the parent material; clean the impurities, oil stains on the area to be welded and the adjacent areas;

[0102] S2. Heat the cleaned base material from room temperature to 920°C at a heating rate of 30°C / min, keep it warm for 3 hours, and then cool it to room temperature;

[0103] S3. Use LX-SJ101 as welding wire and F5A4-H10Mn2 as flux to weld the open arc flux-cored wire to the surface of the base material. The welding voltage is 30V and the welding current is 350A. During the welding process, the welding gun trajectory actuator clamps the welding gun and controls the welding gun to move along the required trajectory. The welding gun trajectory actuator can use a joint robot (with 10 axes) to achieve the translation, swing, rotation and composite movement of the welding gun; the welding speed in the X direction is 2300mm / min; the welding speed in the Y direction is 230mm / min. After welding, the first weld overlay layer is formed with a thickness of 4mm; spray water to cool the first weld overlay layer, control the water spray flow rate, and control the cooling rate at 50-60℃ / min, so that the base material close to the fusion zone is converted into low-carbon martensitic steel again;

[0104] S4. Use wear-resistant alloy powder (the mass ratio of the alloy powder is ferrochrome powder: ferromanganese powder: molybdenum powder: ferroboron powder = 95:3:1:1) to perform submerged arc cladding welding on the surface of the first cladding layer. The welding voltage is 37V, the welding current is 450A, the powder feeding speed is 660g / min, the welding speed in the X direction is 2200mm / min; the welding speed in the Y direction is 220mm / min, and the second cladding layer 3 is formed by submerged arc welding with a thickness of 5mm. After the second cladding layer is completed, repeat this step again to prepare a third cladding layer 4 with a thickness of 5mm.

[0105] The wear resistance of the wear-resistant layers of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was tested.

[0106] The working conditions were simulated using an MLG-130 dry sand rubber wheel testing machine. The rolling abrasive wear environment is composed of a linear contact friction pair and the irregular action of loose abrasives on the worn material, which mainly produces plastic deformation and causes fatigue wear. In addition, the wear of the material by the abrasive may cause changes in the material structure. The surface structure morphology, wear amount change, hardness change, etc. before and after wear were statistically compared to draw a wear conclusion. The specific parameters of the testing machine are as follows: maximum load 130N, rubber wheel rotation direction: clockwise, rubber wheel speed 100r / min, rubber wheel diameter 228.6mm, rubber wheel hardness 60HD, sample size 57×25.5×12mm3; pre-wear is 1000 rpm to eliminate the influence of surface stress, and the interval between each weight loss measurement is 20min, and the total time is 60min. A wear curve is drawn, and the wear condition is analyzed by the trend of the wear curve. The wear weight loss and hardness test results of the samples in each embodiment are shown in Table 2.

[0107] Table 2

[0108]

[0109] Note: The hardness of the wear-resistant layer is tested in accordance with the national recommended standard GB / T230.1-2009.

[0110] It can be seen from Table 2 that the hardness of the wear-resistant layer prepared in Examples 1 to 4 is significantly higher than that in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, and the weight loss due to wear is significantly lower than that in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, which fully proves that the three-layer wear-resistant layer is very beneficial to the improvement of wear resistance; and although the hardness and wear resistance of Comparative Example 3 are also significantly improved compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, it is still lower than that of Examples 1 to 4, indicating that laser shock treatment is also helpful to improve the hardness of the wear-resistant layer.

[0111] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a martensitic transition layer surfacing wear-resistant plate, characterized in that: Taking low-carbon martensitic steel that has been completely annealed as a base material, a first cladding layer, a second cladding layer and a third cladding layer are prepared on the base material by open arc welding, submerged arc welding and submerged arc welding respectively; Among them, after preparing the first surfacing layer, the plate is cooled, and the cooling rate is controlled to make the base material close to the fusion zone to form low-carbon martensitic steel; after preparing the third surfacing layer, the surfacing surface of the plate is subjected to laser shock treatment; the process conditions of the laser shock treatment are as follows: pulse energy 10-15J, pulse laser spot size 1-4mm, spot overlap rate 60-65%, and strengthening times 2-3 times.

2. The method for preparing a martensitic transition layer cladding wear-resistant plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the first cladding layer is 4 mm; and / or, The thickness of the second weld build-up layer and the third weld build-up layer are both 5 mm.

3. The method for preparing a martensitic transition layer cladding wear-resistant plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical composition of the low carbon martensitic steel is: C 0.16-0.23wt.%, Mn 1.6-2.1wt.%, Mo 0.3-0.5wt.%, Cr: 1.3-2.0wt.%, Ni: 0.6-1.0wt.%, Al: 0.5-0.8wt.%, and the rest is iron and unavoidable impurities, and the total amount of the impurities is less than 0.5wt.%.

4. The method for preparing a martensitic transition layer cladding wear-resistant plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process conditions of the laser shock treatment are as follows: pulse energy 15 J, pulse laser spot size 4 mm, spot overlap rate 60%, and strengthening times 2 times.

5. The method for preparing a martensitic transition layer surfacing wear-resistant plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: Measured by mass fraction, the wear-resistant alloy powder includes the following components: 95wt.% of ferrochrome powder, 3wt.% of ferromanganese powder, 1wt.% of molybdenum powder and 1wt.% of ferroboron powder.

6. The method for preparing a martensitic transition layer cladding wear-resistant plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of completely annealing the base material is: heating from room temperature to 880-920° C. at a heating rate of 30-50° C. / min, keeping the temperature for 3-5 hours and then cooling the temperature to room temperature.

7. The method for preparing a martensitic transition layer cladding wear-resistant plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process conditions of the open arc welding are as follows: welding voltage is 30V, welding current is 350A; welding speed in the X direction is 2300mm / min; The welding speed in the Y direction is 230 mm / min.

8. The method for preparing a martensitic transition layer cladding wear-resistant plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process conditions of submerged arc welding are as follows: welding voltage is 37V, welding current is 450A, powder feeding speed is 660g / min, welding speed in X direction is 2200mm / min, and welding speed in Y direction is 220mm / min.

9. A martensitic transition layer cladding wear-resistant plate, prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8; characterized in that: It includes a base material and a transition layer which is sequentially composed of a first cladding layer, a second cladding layer and a third cladding layer.

Images