Friction stir welding device and method for adaptively cleaning weld seams

Abstract

The present invention relates to a friction stir welding device and method for cleaning welds, belonging to the technical field of friction stir welding. The device comprises a friction stir welding module, an adaptive cleaning device module, and a transmission device module, wherein the friction stir welding module and the adaptive cleaning device module are connected via the transmission device module. The present invention addresses the problem of difficulty in maintaining weld cleanliness during welding in extreme environments due to the influence of dust, oil pollution, and corrosive environments, as well as the problem of uneven thickness of plates on both sides due to plate processing accuracy. After adaptively cleaning the weld, high-quality welding of the weld can be achieved by filling the weld with material to compensate for missing material. After welding, the weld flash, burrs, and excess height can be removed simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a friction stir welding device and method for cleaning welds, belonging to the technical field of friction stir welding. Background Art

[0002] As a solid-phase welding technology, friction stir welding effectively avoids the thermal cracking, porosity, and large deformation problems associated with traditional fusion welding. It offers advantages such as high weld quality, minimal welding deformation, a green and pollution-free welding process, and a high degree of automation. Currently, it is gradually being industrialized and applied in industries such as aerospace, rail transportation, and shipbuilding.

[0003] During friction stir welding, a high-speed rotating stir tip penetrates the workpiece at the starting point of the weld at a constant speed, generating intense friction and stirring deformation. The metal in the stir zone undergoes intense plastic deformation, rapidly increasing the surrounding temperature and reaching a thermoplastic state. The softened material then undergoes a regular flow or migration as the stir tip rotates and advances. On the front side of the stir tip's travel, plastic metal continuously migrates from the advancing side of the stir zone to the retreating side. On the rear side of the stir tip's travel, plastic metal continuously migrates from the retreating side to the advancing side, filling the transient cavity left by the forward movement of the stir tip. To ensure weld quality, polishing the butt weld seam is often required before friction stir welding. However, in extreme environments, after the workpieces are clamped, maintaining weld cleanliness can be challenging due to dust, oil, and corrosive environments. Oil and dust in the weld seam can negatively impact joint performance. Furthermore, when there are errors in sheet metal machining accuracy and machining deformation, the thickness of the sheets on both sides can easily be unequal. This leads to inconsistent resistance on both sides of the stirring needle during welding, resulting in uneven heat input and uneven joint structure and poor performance. Furthermore, when welding defects occur in actual production, they are often repaired by grinding away the defects and then welding them, which can lead to the risk of metallurgical defects.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a stir friction welding device and method for adaptively cleaning welds to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, a friction stir welding device and method for adaptively cleaning weld seams are provided. A brief overview of the invention is provided below to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to identify key or important aspects of the invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0007] A friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning welds comprises a friction stir welding module, an adaptive cleaning device module and a transmission device module. The friction stir welding module and the adaptive cleaning device module are connected via the transmission device module.

[0008] Preferably, the transmission module includes a driving gear and a driven gear, the driving gear meshing with the driven gear; the driven gear is rotatably connected to the main shaft stator via a shaft with a bearing, and the driving gear is key-connected to the main shaft rotor;

[0009] The friction stir welding module includes a stirring head, which is coaxially connected to the driving gear;

[0010] The adaptive cleaning device module includes a milling cutter and a driven gear that are coaxially connected.

[0011] Preferably: the adaptive cleaning device module also includes a clamping sleeve, a ball screw, a servo motor and a second fastening screw, one end of the clamping sleeve is connected to the driven gear, the side of the clamping sleeve is connected to the ball screw, the upper clamping part of the milling cutter is provided in the clamping sleeve, the second fastening screw passes through the second threaded hole on the side of the clamping sleeve to tighten the milling plane of the upper clamping part of the milling cutter, and the servo motor is connected to the ball screw.

[0012] Preferably: the ball screw includes a threaded shaft, a ball nut, a ball, a reverser, a slider, a rotating nut, a mounting seat and a bearing seat, the upper end of the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the driven gear, the mounting seat is connected to one end of the threaded shaft through the upper bearing seat, a slide is provided on the side of the mounting seat, the lower part of the mounting seat is connected to the servo motor, the middle part of the threaded shaft is threadedly connected to the ball nut, the ball rolls on the guide groove between the threaded shaft and the ball nut, the other end of the threaded shaft is connected to the output end of the servo motor, the reverser is connected to the threaded shaft, the reverser is threadedly connected to the ball nut, the ball nut is connected to the sliders on both sides, the slider is slidably connected to the slide, and the slider is fixedly connected to the clamping sleeve.

[0013] Preferably: the friction stir welding module also includes a stationary shoulder, a first fastening screw and a sleeve, the stationary shoulder is fixedly connected to the main shaft stator, the upper end of the sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected to the main shaft rotor or the driving gear, the sleeve is connected to the stirring head through the first fastening screw, and the stirring head is installed on the stationary shoulder.

[0014] Preferably, the stirring head comprises a clamping portion, a screw groove portion and a tapered threaded needle, wherein the clamping portion, the screw groove portion and the tapered threaded needle are integrally connected in sequence from top to bottom, the clamping portion is inserted into the inner cavity of the sleeve from the lower portion, and the first fastening screw passes through the first threaded hole on the side of the sleeve to tighten the milling plane of the clamping portion;

[0015] The upper part of the stationary shoulder is provided with a clamping part, and the lower side wall of the stationary shoulder is processed with an air supply hole and a blowing hole. The air supply hole and the blowing hole are connected through a spiral pipe in the lower side wall of the stationary shoulder. The bottom horizontal end face of the stationary shoulder is the shoulder. The lower side wall of the stationary shoulder is also processed with a feeding hole. The spiral pipe is not connected to the interior of the stationary shoulder, and the feeding hole is connected to the interior of the stationary shoulder. The screw groove part is arranged in the stationary shoulder, and the tapered thread needle is arranged at the lower outer side of the stationary shoulder. Normal temperature gas can be introduced into the spiral pipe for heat exchange and cooling. At the same time, the blowing hole is a gas outlet inclined downward.

[0016] Preferably: it also includes a stationary sleeve and a third fastening screw, the stationary sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve and the driving gear of the transmission device module, the lower end of the stationary sleeve is bolted or fixedly connected to the clamping part of the stationary shoulder, and the upper end of the stationary sleeve is connected to the main shaft stator through the third fastening screw.

[0017] Preferably, the device further comprises a wire feeding mechanism module, the wire feeding mechanism module comprises a wire feeder and wire material, and the wire feeder feeds the wire material into the feeding hole.

[0018] A friction stir welding method for adaptively cleaning weld seams, using the aforementioned friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning weld seams, comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: When welding starts, the spindle rotor starts to rotate, and the driving gear maintains a synchronous operating frequency. At this time, the driving gear drives the driven gear to start rotating;

[0020] At the same time, the symmetrical servo motors on both sides of the adaptive cleaning device module control the rotation of the threaded shaft. As the ball rolls, the ball nut drives the slider to move linearly along the slideway of the mounting seat, driving the clamping sleeve to move axially. The milling cutter begins to move downward into the weld to grind; after reaching the specified position, the spindle begins to move horizontally along the welding direction;

[0021] Step 2: When the stirring head reaches the welding starting position axially, the spindle stops moving horizontally and starts to control the stirring head to press down. At the same time, the symmetrical servo motors on both sides of the adaptive cleaning device start to control the thread axis to move in opposite directions, controlling the clamping sleeve to move upward, that is, keeping the end face of the milling cutter the same as the end face of the milling cutter in step 1;

[0022] Step 3: When the tapered thread needle of the stirring head penetrates the workpiece and the shoulder plane contacts the workpiece surface, the wire feeding mechanism module starts to feed the wire. The wire feeder feeds the wire from the feeding hole of the stationary shoulder at a set speed. The wire then contacts the screw groove of the high-speed rotating stirring head and is sheared into fine particles. Under the cooperation of the screw groove and the stationary shoulder, the fine particles flow downward along the screw groove.

[0023] Step 4: The main shaft then starts to move horizontally in the welding direction, the wire is continuously fed, and the screw groove continuously transports the thermoplastic material downward. Under the stirring and rolling of the stirring head and the stationary shoulder, the material is finally filled and the workpiece is welded.

[0024] Preferably: it also includes step five, after welding is completed, the stirring head is lifted and separated from the workpiece; the adaptive cleaning device module keeps the milling cutter end face stationary through the servo motor, and the spindle drives the adaptive cleaning device module to move horizontally to mill the weld flash, burrs and excess height to complete the post-processing of the weld.

[0025] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. This invention breaks through the limitation of grinding the weld to remove oil and rust before friction stir welding. It can be used for friction stir welding in extreme environments, ensuring welding quality. After welding, the weld flash, burrs and excess height can be removed synchronously according to actual production needs, thereby improving welding production efficiency.

[0027] 2. The present invention can achieve high-quality welding of workpieces with unequal thickness on both sides of the weld due to low plate processing precision and reuse of failed parts in corrosive environments, effectively reducing production costs;

[0028] 3. The device of the present invention can realize the simultaneous filling and welding of materials. The filling material is squeezed out from the inside of the shaft shoulder to avoid the loss of filling material. At the same time, the weld is not thinned after friction stir welding, which increases the bearing area of ​​the joint and improves the joint strength.

[0029] 4. The present invention has a wide range of applications and can be used to eliminate defects after welding of aluminum and aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, copper alloys, titanium alloys and composite materials, avoiding problems such as pores, thermal cracks and inclusions caused by traditional fusion welding repairs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning welds according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the friction stir welding module of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the adaptive cleaning device described in the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1-friction stir welding module, 101-stirring head, 102-stationary shoulder, 103-fastening screw, 10101-clamping part, 10102-screw groove part, 10103-tapered thread needle, 10201-clamping part, 10202-feeding port, 10203-shoulder, 10204-air supply hole, 10205-air blowing hole, 2-adaptive cleaning device module, 201-milling cutter, 202-clamping sleeve, 203-ball screw, 2 04-Servo motor, 20301-Threaded shaft, 20302-Ball nut, 20303-Ball, 20304-Reverser, 20305-Slider, 20306-Rotating nut, 20307-Mounting seat, 20308-Bearing seat, 3-Wire feeding mechanism module, 301-Wire feeder, 302-Wire material, 4-Transmission device module, 401-Driving gear, 402-Driven gear, 5-Sleeve, 6-Stationary sleeve, 601-Fasten screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is described below using specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present invention.

[0035] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figure 1-3 This embodiment describes a friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning welds, comprising a friction stir welding module 1, an adaptive cleaning device module 2, and a transmission device module 4. The friction stir welding module 1 and the adaptive cleaning device module 2 are connected via the transmission device module 4.

[0036] The transmission module 4 includes a driving gear 401 and a driven gear 402, wherein the driving gear 401 is meshed with the driven gear 402; the driven gear 402 is rotatably connected to the main shaft stator via a shaft with a bearing, and the driving gear 401 is key-connected to the main shaft rotor;

[0037] The friction stir welding module 1 includes a stirring head 101 , which is coaxially connected to the driving gear 401 ;

[0038] The adaptive cleaning device module 2 includes a milling cutter 201 coaxially connected to a driven gear 402. The milling cutter 201 is adjustable in size, with optional sizes ranging from 1 to 5 mm. This allows for high-quality welding of workpieces with unequal thicknesses on both sides of the weld due to low sheet metal machining accuracy, as well as the reuse of failed parts in corrosive environments, effectively reducing production costs.

[0039] The end of the spindle manipulator includes a spindle rotor and a spindle stator. The spindle rotor is connected to the output end of the motor. The spindle stator can be the housing of the manipulator. The motor is fixedly connected to the housing of the manipulator. The spindle rotor is rotatably connected to the manipulator through a bearing.

[0040] The adaptive cleaning device module 2 also includes a clamping sleeve 202, a ball screw 203, a servo motor 204 and a second fastening screw 205. One end of the clamping sleeve 202 is connected to the driven gear 402, and the side of the clamping sleeve 202 is connected to the ball screw 203. The upper clamping portion of the milling cutter 201 is provided in the clamping sleeve 202. The second fastening screw 205 passes through the second threaded hole on the side of the clamping sleeve 202 to tighten the upper clamping portion of the milling cutter 201 to mill the plane. The servo motor 204 is connected to the ball screw 203 to achieve a detachable connection of the milling cutter 201, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement. There are two groups of ball screws 203, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping sleeve 202. The structure is firm and the operation is stable.

[0041] The ball screw 203 includes a threaded shaft 20301, a ball nut 20302, a ball 20303, a reverser 20304, a slider 20305, a rotating nut 20306, a mounting seat 20307 and a bearing seat 20308. The upper end of the mounting seat 20307 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the driven gear 402. The mounting seat 20307 is connected to both ends of the threaded shaft 20301 through the upper bearing seat 20308. A slide is provided on the side of the mounting seat 20307. The lower part of the mounting seat 20307 is connected to the servo motor 204. The upper portion is threadedly connected to the ball nut 20302, and the ball 20303 rolls on the guide groove between the threaded shaft 20301 and the ball nut 20302. The other end of the threaded shaft 20301 is connected to the output end of the servo motor 204 through the rotating nut 20306. The reverser 20304 is connected to the threaded shaft 20301, and the reverser 20304 is threadedly connected to the ball nut 20302. The ball nut 20302 is connected to the sliders 20305 on both sides. The sliders 20305 are slidably connected to the slideway. The sliders 20305 are fixedly connected to the clamping sleeve 202 to achieve lifting;

[0042] The friction stir welding module 1 further includes a stationary shoulder 102, a first fastening screw 103 and a sleeve 5. The stationary shoulder 102 is fixedly connected to the spindle stator. The upper end of the sleeve 5 is coaxially fixedly connected to the spindle rotor or the driving gear 401. The sleeve 5 is connected to the stirring head 101 via the first fastening screw 103. The stirring head 101 is mounted on the stationary shoulder 102.

[0043] The stirring head 101 includes a clamping portion 10101, a screw groove portion 10102 and a tapered threaded needle 10103, and the clamping portion 10101, the screw groove portion 10102 and the tapered threaded needle 10103 are coaxially connected in sequence from top to bottom. The clamping portion 10101 is inserted into the inner cavity of the sleeve 5 from the lower part of the sleeve 5, and the first fastening screw 103 passes through the first threaded hole on the side of the sleeve to tighten the milling plane of the clamping portion 10101 to achieve a detachable connection, that is, the fastening screw 103 is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole pipe, and the tapered threaded needle 10103 is connected to the tapered threaded needle 10103. The tapered thread needle 10103 is a truncated cone, and the screw groove portion 10102 and the tapered thread needle 10103 are both provided with threads of the same direction of rotation, which facilitates downward discharge of the material; the screw groove portion 10102 is the wire shearing portion, and when the wire feeding mechanism 301 feeds the wire 302 into the stationary shaft shoulder feeding hole 10202, the high-speed rotating stirring needle 101 shears the wire 302 into small particles; the plane size of the end of the tapered thread stirring needle 10103 is 1.5-2 times the size of the milling cutter 201, which ensures that the stirring needle stirs the workpiece material;

[0044] The upper part of the stationary shoulder 102 has a clamping part 10201, and the lower side wall of the stationary shoulder 102 is processed with an air supply hole 10204 and an air blowing hole 10205. The air supply hole 10204 and the air blowing hole 10205 are connected by a spiral pipe in the lower side wall of the stationary shoulder 102. The horizontal end surface of the bottom end of the stationary shoulder 102 is the shoulder 10203. The shoulder 10203 is located at the bottom of the stationary shoulder 102. A flat surface or an inner concave surface can be selected to constrain the plastic material. The lower side wall of the stationary shoulder 102 is also processed with a feeding hole 10202. The spiral pipe is not connected to the interior of the stationary shoulder 102. The feeding hole 10202 is connected to the interior of the stationary shoulder 102. The screw groove portion 10102 is coaxially arranged in the stationary shoulder 102. The gap between the stirring head 101 and the stationary shoulder 102 The diameter of the conical thread needle 10103 is 0.1-0.2 mm. The conical thread needle 10103 is arranged at the lower outer side of the stationary shaft shoulder 102, and room temperature gas can be introduced into the spiral pipe for heat exchange and cooling. At the same time, the blowing hole 10205 is a gas outlet inclined downward from the inlet (upper) to the outlet (lower). The air supply hole 10204 is connected to the air pump through a hose. The blowing hole 10205 is arranged on the forward side and is arranged corresponding to the weld. The air flow out of the blowing hole 10205 blows the debris generated by the milling cutter 201 out of the weld, keeps the weld clean, and improves the welding quality. The air supply hole 10204 is a gas inlet. During welding, gas is fed into the air supply hole to cool the stationary shaft shoulder. The blowing hole 10205 is a gas outlet, used to blow aluminum chips milled off by the milling cutter out of the weld, keeping the weld clean.

[0045] It also includes a stationary sleeve 6 and a third fastening screw 601. The stationary sleeve 6 is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve 5 and the driving gear 401 of the transmission device module 4. The lower end of the stationary sleeve 6 is bolted or fixedly connected to the clamping portion 10201 of the stationary shoulder 102. The upper end of the stationary sleeve 6 is connected to the main shaft stator via the third fastening screw 601.

[0046] The device further comprises a wire feeding mechanism module 3, which comprises a wire feeder 301 and a wire 302. The wire feeder 301 feeds the wire 302 into the feed hole 10202. The feed hole 10202 is an entrance for the wire feeding mechanism module 3 to feed the wire 302 into the interior of the stationary shaft shoulder 102. The wire feeding speed can be precisely adjusted. The wire includes aluminum and aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, copper alloys, titanium alloys, and composite materials.

[0047] The present invention addresses the problem that when welding in extreme environments, the workpiece is affected by dust, oil pollution and corrosive environment, the weld cleanliness is difficult to maintain, and the thickness of the plates on both sides is easily unequal due to the influence of plate processing accuracy. After the weld is adaptively cleaned, high-quality welding of the weld can be achieved by filling the missing material with filling material. After welding, the weld flash, burrs and excess height can be removed synchronously.

[0048] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figure 1-3 This embodiment describes a friction stir welding method for adaptively cleaning welds, using a friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning welds, comprising six components: a friction stir welding module 1, an adaptive cleaning device module 2, a wire feeding mechanism module 3, a transmission device module 4, a sleeve 5, and a stationary sleeve 6.

[0049] The stationary sleeve 6 is connected to the main shaft stator by a fastening screw 601, and the transmission module 4 is connected to the main shaft stator by a fastening screw. The connection mode of the three from top to bottom is the main shaft stator, the transmission module 4 and the stationary sleeve 6; the upper part of the driving gear 401 in the transmission module 4 is connected to the main shaft rotor, the lower part of the driving gear 401 is connected to the sleeve 5, and the upper part of the stirring head is connected to the lower end of the sleeve 5; the lower part of the driven gear 402 is connected to the adaptive cleaning device module 2; the stir friction welding module 1 It includes two parts: a stirring head 101 and a stationary shoulder 102; the stirring head is composed of a clamping part 10101, a screw groove part 10102 and a tapered thread needle 10103; the clamping part is provided with a milling plane, which is connected to the sleeve 5 by a fastening screw 103; the screw groove part 10102 is the wire shearing part, when the wire feeding mechanism 301 feeds the wire 302 from the stationary shoulder feeding hole 10202, the high-speed rotating stirring needle 101 shears the wire 302 into small particles; the tapered thread stirring The plane size of the end of the needle 10103 is 1.5-2 times the size of the milling cutter 201, which can ensure that the stirring needle stirs the workpiece material; the static shaft shoulder 102 is composed of a clamping part 10201, a feeding port 10202, a shaft shoulder 10203, an air supply hole 10204 and an air blowing hole 10205; the static shaft shoulder 102 is connected to the static shaft sleeve 6 by a locking nut, and the gap between the stirring head 101 and the static shaft shoulder 102 is 0.1-0.2mm; the feeding port 10202 is a mold of the wire feeding mechanism Block 3 feeds the wire 302 into the entrance inside the stationary shoulder 102; the shoulder 10203 is located at the bottom of the stationary shoulder 102 and can be a flat surface or an inner concave surface for constraining the plastic material; the air supply hole 10204 is the gas supply inlet, through which gas is supplied during welding to cool the stationary shoulder; the air blowing hole 10205 is the gas outlet, used to blow aluminum chips milled off by the milling cutter out of the weld to maintain the cleanliness of the weld; the size of the milling cutter 201 is adjustable, with an optional size of 1-5mm;

[0050] The adaptive cleaning device module 2 is composed of a milling cutter 201, a clamping sleeve 202, a ball screw 203 and a servo motor 204. The driven gear 402 can drive the adaptive cleaning device 2 to rotate together; the milling cutter 201 and the clamping sleeve 202 are connected by a fastening screw 205; the ball screw 203 is composed of a threaded shaft 20301, a ball nut 20302, a ball 20303, a reverser 20304, a slider 20305 and a rotating nut 20306; the ball 20303 rolls on the guide groove between the threaded shaft 20301 and the ball nut 20302; the slider 20305 and the ball nut 203 02 is connected, and the sliding block 20305 is driven by the rolling of the ball 20303 to realize axial movement; the servo motor 204 drives the rotating nut 20306 to rotate and thus controls the screw to rotate, and the ball screw 203 converts the rotational motion into a linear motion, thereby realizing the axial movement of the clamping sleeve 202, and then realizing the axial movement of the stirring needle 101; the wire feeding mechanism module 3 includes a wire feeder 301 and a wire 302; the wire feeder 301 can feed the wire 302 from the feeding port 10202 into the stationary shaft shoulder 102, and the wire feeding speed can be precisely adjusted; the wire includes aluminum and aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, copper alloys, titanium alloys and composite materials, etc.

[0051] The method comprises the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: When welding starts, the main shaft mover starts to rotate, and the driving gear 401 maintains a synchronous operating frequency. At this time, the driving gear 401 drives the driven gear 402 to start rotating; through the transmission device module 4, the stir friction welding module 1 and the adaptive cleaning device module 2 can be driven simultaneously, with an ingenious design, compact structure and high energy utilization rate;

[0053] At the same time, the symmetrical servo motors 204 on both sides of the adaptive cleaning device module 2 control the rotation of the threaded shaft 20301. As the ball 20303 rolls, the ball nut 20302 drives the slider 20305 to move linearly along the slideway of the mounting seat 20307, ​​driving the clamping sleeve 202 to move axially. The milling cutter 201 begins to move downward into the weld to grind. After reaching the designated position, the spindle begins to move horizontally along the welding direction.

[0054] Step 2: When the stirring head 101 reaches the welding starting position axially, the spindle stops moving horizontally and starts to control the stirring head 101 to press down. At the same time, the servo motors 204 symmetrical on both sides of the adaptive cleaning device 2 start to control the threaded shaft 20301 to move in opposite directions, and control the clamping sleeve 202 to move upward, that is, to keep the end face of the milling cutter 201 the same as the end face of the milling cutter 201 in step 1; by lifting and lowering the adaptive cleaning device module 2 and replacing the milling cutter 201, not only the grinding depth but also the grinding size can be controlled, and the adaptive coordination of the friction stir welding module 1 and the adaptive cleaning device module 2 can also be achieved through lifting and lowering;

[0055] Step 3. When the tapered thread needle 10103 of the stirring head 101 penetrates into the workpiece and the shoulder 10203 plane contacts the workpiece surface, the wire feeding mechanism module 3 starts to feed the wire 302, and the wire feeder 301 feeds the wire 302 from the position of the feeding hole 10202 of the stationary shoulder 102 at a set speed; then the wire 302 contacts the screw groove portion 10102 of the high-speed rotating stirring head 101 and is sheared into fine particles, and the fine particles flow downward along the screw groove portion 10102 under the cooperation of the screw groove portion 10102 and the stationary shoulder 102; at the same time, the air pump is started for ventilation, and the air flow out of the blowing hole 10205 blows the debris generated by the milling cutter 201 out of the weld, that is, the gas is fed in from the air feeding hole and flows along the internal flow channel (spiral pipe) of the stationary shoulder to cool the stationary shoulder. After the gas is blown out from the blowing hole, the aluminum chips milled off by the milling cutter are blown away from the weld to keep the weld clean;

[0056] Step 4: The spindle then begins to move horizontally in the welding direction, the wire 302 is continuously fed, and the screw groove portion 10102 continuously transports the thermoplastic material downward. Under the stirring and rolling of the stirring head 101 and the stationary shaft shoulder 102, the material is finally filled and the workpiece is welded. The material filling and welding can be carried out simultaneously, and the filling material is squeezed out from the inside of the shaft shoulder to avoid the loss of filling material. At the same time, the weld is not thinned after the friction stir welding, which increases the bearing area of ​​the joint and improves the strength of the joint.

[0057] Step 5. After welding is completed, the stirring head 101 is lifted and separated from the workpiece; the adaptive cleaning device module 2 uses the servo motor to keep the end face of the milling cutter 201 stationary, and the spindle drives the adaptive cleaning device module 2 to move horizontally to mill the weld burrs, burrs and excess height to complete the post-processing of the weld. The adaptive cleaning device module 2 can perform separate grinding before processing, or it can work synchronously with the stir friction welding module 1 to achieve timely welding, reduce the impact of oxidation on welding, and can also perform milling after welding. It is simple to operate, easy to disassemble, and low cost.

[0058] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions are not contradictory, they can be permuted and combined. Those skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities based on the mathematical knowledge of permutations and combinations. Therefore, the present invention will no longer describe the technical solutions after permutations and combinations one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after permutations and combinations have been disclosed by the present invention.

[0059] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning welds, characterized by: It comprises a friction stir welding module (1), an adaptive cleaning device module (2) and a transmission device module (4), wherein the friction stir welding module (1) and the adaptive cleaning device module (2) are connected via the transmission device module (4); The adaptive cleaning device module (2) keeps the end face of the milling cutter (201) stationary through a servo motor, and the main shaft drives the adaptive cleaning device module (2) to move horizontally, thereby milling the weld flash, burrs and excess height, and completing the post-processing of the weld. The adaptive cleaning device module (2) can perform separate grinding before processing, or can work synchronously with the friction stir welding module (1) to achieve timely welding, reduce the influence of oxidation on welding, and can also perform milling after welding; The transmission device module (4) includes a driving gear (401) and a driven gear (402), wherein the driving gear (401) is meshed with the driven gear (402); the driven gear (402) is rotationally connected to the main shaft stator, and the driving gear (401) is connected to the main shaft rotor; The friction stir welding module (1) includes a stirring head (101), and the stirring head (101) is coaxially connected to the driving gear (401); The adaptive cleaning device module (2) includes a milling cutter (201) and a driven gear (402) that are coaxially connected; The adaptive cleaning device module (2) further comprises a clamping sleeve (202), a ball screw (203), a servo motor (204) and a second fastening screw (205), wherein one end of the clamping sleeve (202) is connected to the driven gear (402), the side of the clamping sleeve (202) is connected to the ball screw (203), the upper side of the milling cutter (201) is provided in the clamping sleeve (202), the second fastening screw (205) passes through a second threaded hole on the side of the clamping sleeve (202) to tighten the milling cutter (201), and the servo motor (204) is connected to the ball screw (203).

2. The friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning weld seams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball screw (203) comprises a threaded shaft (20301), a ball nut (20302), a slider (20305), a mounting seat (20307) and a bearing seat (20308). The upper end of the mounting seat (20307) is fixedly connected to the driven gear (402). The mounting seat (20307) is connected to both ends of the threaded shaft (20301) via the upper bearing seat (20308). The side of the mounting seat (20307) is provided with A slide is provided, the lower portion of the mounting seat (20307) is connected to the servo motor (204), the middle portion of the threaded shaft (20301) is threadedly connected to the ball nut (20302), the other end of the threaded shaft (20301) is connected to the output end of the servo motor (204), the ball nut (20302) is connected to the slider (20305), the slider (20305) is slidably connected to the slide, and the slider (20305) is connected to the clamping sleeve (202).

3. The friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning weld seams according to claim 2, characterized in that: The friction stir welding module (1) further comprises a stationary shoulder (102), a first fastening screw (103) and a sleeve (5), wherein the stationary shoulder (102) is connected to the main shaft stator, the upper end of the sleeve (5) is connected to the main shaft rotor or the driving gear (401), the sleeve (5) is connected to the stirring head (101) via the first fastening screw (103), and the stirring head (101) is mounted on the stationary shoulder (102).

4. The friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning weld seams according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stirring head (101) comprises a clamping portion (10101), a screw groove portion (10102) and a tapered threaded needle (10103), wherein the clamping portion (10101), the screw groove portion (10102) and the tapered threaded needle (10103) are connected in sequence from top to bottom, the clamping portion (10101) is inserted into the inner cavity of the sleeve (5) from the lower portion, and the first fastening screw (103) passes through the first threaded hole on the side of the sleeve to tighten the milling plane of the clamping portion (10101); The upper portion of the stationary shoulder (102) has a clamping portion (10201), and the lower side wall of the stationary shoulder (102) is processed with an air supply hole (10204) and an air blowing hole (10205). The air supply hole (10204) and the air blowing hole (10205) are connected through the two ends of the internal flow channel in the lower side wall of the stationary shoulder (102). The bottom end of the stationary shoulder (102) is a shoulder (10203). The lower side wall of the stationary shoulder (102) is also processed with a feeding hole (10202). The screw groove portion (10102) is arranged in the stationary shoulder (102), the tapered thread needle (10103) is arranged at the lower outer portion of the stationary shoulder (102), and the air blowing hole (10205) is a through hole inclined downward.

5. The friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning weld seams according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a stationary shaft sleeve (6) and a third fastening screw (601), wherein the stationary shaft sleeve (6) is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve (5) and the transmission device module (4), the lower end of the stationary shaft sleeve (6) is connected to the clamping portion (10201) of the stationary shaft shoulder (102), and the upper end of the stationary shaft sleeve (6) is connected to the main shaft stator via the third fastening screw (601).

6. The friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning weld seams according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a wire feeding mechanism module (3), which includes a wire feeding machine (301) and a wire material (302), wherein the wire feeding machine (301) feeds the wire material (302) into the feeding hole (10202).

7. A friction stir welding method for adaptively cleaning welds, characterized in that: A friction stir welding device for adaptively cleaning weld seams according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises the following steps: Step 1: When welding starts, the main shaft mover starts to rotate, and the driving gear (401) drives the driven gear (402) to start rotating; The servo motor (204) of the adaptive cleaning device module (2) controls the threaded shaft (20301) to rotate, and the ball nut (20302) drives the slider (20305) to move linearly along the slideway of the mounting seat (20307), driving the clamping sleeve (202) to move, and the milling cutter (201) begins to move downward into the weld to grind; after reaching the specified position, the spindle begins to move horizontally along the welding direction; Step 2: When the stirring head (101) reaches the welding starting position axially, the main shaft stops horizontal movement and starts to control the stirring head (101) to press down. At the same time, the servo motor (204) of the adaptive cleaning device module (2) starts to control the threaded shaft (20301) to move in the opposite direction, and the clamping sleeve (202) moves upward to maintain the end face of the milling cutter (201); Step 3: When the tapered threaded needle (10103) of the stirring head (101) penetrates the workpiece and the shoulder (10203) plane contacts the workpiece surface, the wire feeding mechanism module (3) starts to feed the wire (302), and the wire feeder (301) feeds the wire (302) from the feeding hole (10202) of the stationary shoulder (102) at a set speed; then the wire (302) contacts the high-speed rotating stirring head (101) and is sheared into fine particles, and the fine particles flow downward along the screw groove (10102) under the cooperation of the screw groove portion (10102) and the stationary shoulder (102); Step 4: The main shaft then starts to move horizontally along the welding direction, the wire (302) is continuously fed, and the screw groove (10102) continuously transports the thermoplastic material downward, and the material is finally filled and the workpiece is welded under the stirring and rolling of the stirring head (101) and the stationary shoulder (102).

8. The friction stir welding method for adaptively cleaning welds according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further includes step 5, wherein the stirring head (101) is lifted and separated from the workpiece after welding is completed; the adaptive cleaning device module (2) keeps the end face of the milling cutter (201) stationary through a servo motor, and the spindle drives the adaptive cleaning device module (2) to move horizontally to perform milling of weld burrs, burrs and excess height, thereby completing post-processing of the weld.

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