System and method for evaluating ablation resistance of barrel material and coating

Abstract

The invention provides a system and a method for evaluating the ablation resistance of a barrel material and a coating, in the field of weapon equipment structural member testing and evaluation, the system comprises a main cavity, an ignition device, a first plug, a first sealing ring, a sample and a mandrel, and when a second plug sequentially presses a second sealing ring, the sample and the first sealing ring towards the first plug through a pressure control sheet, the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are sealed; a gap exists between the sample and the core shaft, an ablation channel is formed by the gap between the core shaft and the sample, after assembly is completed, a funnel device is used for filling a medicine into a combustion chamber through a hole site of a pressure measuring device, then the pressure measuring device is assembled, and firing is completed through an ignition device. And after-charging and cooling design are realized. The simulation of the ablation working condition of the barrel can be conveniently, quickly and safely realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of weapon equipment structural component testing and evaluation, and in particular to a system and method for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings. Background Art

[0002] Barrel erosion is one of the main reasons that limit the life of modern gun barrels.

[0003] In the process of improving the ablation resistance of the barrel, it is necessary to evaluate the ablation resistance of materials or components. However, the ablation process of the barrel includes multiple effects such as chemical effect, thermal effect and mechanical effect. In a laboratory environment, it is very difficult to reproduce several effects. And the assessment of ablation performance by live ammunition shooting has many difficulties in terms of economy, safety and convenience.

[0004] Researchers have also proposed many devices and methods, such as the Chinese patent (application) documents with announcement numbers: CN109580697B, CN109982498B, CN108562507B, CN211318283U and publication numbers: CN111239325A, CN113884616A, CN117310075A, CN117849090A.

[0005] However, there are still the following problems in many solutions:

[0006] (1) The deflagration gas is quite different from the actual one: the use of an external high-temperature and high-pressure gas source cannot truly restore the particle inclusions, instantaneous pressure and chemical effects of the actual working conditions; at the same time, there is a big difference from the dynamic process of propellant deflagration;

[0007] (2) The heat source is quite different from the actual situation: the use of heat sources such as pulsed lasers cannot truly restore the high-pressure scouring characteristics of actual working conditions;

[0008] (3) The scouring structure is quite different from the actual one: Although some test devices such as CN109580697B use a propellant deflagration environment similar to the actual working conditions, their gas movement path and structure are still somewhat different from the actual structure. There are multiple leakage channels for the deflagration gas or sudden changes in the channel positions (there is a hidden danger of unknown effects due to turbulence).

[0009] (4) Poor uniformity of sample flushing: In the current technical solution, the positioning method of the components that form the slit with the sample is mostly a single-sided threaded connection. In actual use, especially after flushing with high-pressure explosive gas, the threads will inevitably become loose and have clearance fit. Furthermore, during the test, the uneven slit causes poor ablation reliability.

[0010] Single mode: For current devices, if the flushing speed needs to be increased, it is usually achieved by increasing the amount of explosives, and can only be used in a fixed scenario. Summary of the invention

[0011] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a system and method for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings, which integrates many advantages such as double-sided mandrel positioning, groove airflow guidance, sealing end face matching, rear charge and cooling design. It can conveniently, quickly and safely simulate barrel ablation conditions, specifically including:

[0012] A system for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings, comprising:

[0013] A main cavity and an ignition device, wherein one end of the main cavity is a solid arrangement, the other end of the main cavity is provided with a cavity, the ignition device is installed at one end of the solid arrangement of the main cavity, and a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity are sequentially arranged in the main cavity and in a direction from one end of the solid arrangement to one end of the cavity arrangement;

[0014] A first plug, the first plug is cylindrical, and the head of the first plug is installed in the main cavity through the internal thread of the third cavity;

[0015] A first sealing ring, a sample and a mandrel, wherein the sample is installed in the first plug, the first sealing ring is installed between the end of the first plug and the end of the sample, the head of the mandrel is inserted into the plug, the sample is coaxially arranged with the mandrel and the inner diameter of the sample is larger than the outer diameter of the head of the mandrel;

[0016] A second sealing ring, a pressure control sheet and a second plug, wherein the head of the second plug is threadedly installed in the inner cavity of the tail of the first plug, and the head of the second plug is provided with a pressure control sheet, and the pressure control sheet abuts against the base of the mandrel;

[0017] When the second plug presses the second sealing ring, the sample and the first sealing ring in sequence toward the first plug through the pressure-controlled sheet, a gap exists between the sample and the core shaft.

[0018] Optionally, a pressure measuring device is also included:

[0019] A mounting hole is provided on the side wall of the main cavity, and a pressure measuring device supporting disassembly is provided on the mounting hole;

[0020] When the main cavity needs to be filled with explosives, the explosives are placed in the main cavity through the installation hole.

[0021] Optionally, the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are arranged in a columnar shape.

[0022] Optionally, the hardness of the first sealing ring is not greater than 200 HV, the plasticity of the first sealing ring is greater than 20%, and the first sealing ring is made of metal material;

[0023] The hardness of the second sealing ring is not greater than 200 HV, the plasticity of the second sealing ring is greater than 20%, and the second sealing ring is made of metal material.

[0024] Optionally, the head of the mandrel is a frustum, the shaft of the mandrel is a cylinder, and the bottom of the mandrel is a base.

[0025] From the top of the mandrel head to the mandrel head and the axial direction of the mandrel, the diameter of the mandrel head gradually increases until it is equal to the diameter of the axial body of the mandrel;

[0026] The sample is in the shape of a circular ring with a groove, and the length of the non-groove portion of the sample is less than the length of the mandrel;

[0027] The gap between the mandrel and the sample forms an ablation channel.

[0028] Optionally, a groove is provided at the head of the first plug, and the groove of the first plug is provided in a frustum shape, and the groove of the first plug is used to guide the high-temperature gas generated by the deflagration of the medicine in the third chamber into the ablation channel;

[0029] At least three ventilation holes are arranged at the tail end of the first plug, and the positions of the ventilation holes of the second plug correspond one to one with the positions of the ventilation holes of the first plug.

[0030] Optionally, annular grooves are respectively provided on the end surfaces of both ends of the sample, and the annular grooves are used to deform the corresponding first sealing ring and the second sealing ring respectively;

[0031] A through hole is provided on the core shaft and on a side of the core shaft in contact with the pressure-controlled sheet, and the number of the through holes of the core shaft is not less than the number of the through holes of the first plug;

[0032] The base diameter of the mandrel is larger than the shaft diameter of the mandrel, and the diameter of the pressure-controlled sheet is not larger than the base diameter of the mandrel;

[0033] The contact surface between the base of the mandrel and the pressure-controlled sheet is arranged in a stepped shape, and the mandrel is adapted to the stepped structure of the sheet.

[0034] Optionally, a clamping mechanism is also included.

[0035] Fixed rods are respectively arranged at opposite positions on the side walls of the main cavity, and the clamping mechanism supports changing the posture of the main cavity relative to the environment through the fixed rods.

[0036] A method for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings, applied to the above-mentioned barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system, comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1. After cleaning and drying the sample, weigh the sample for the first time and measure the inner diameter of the sample for the first time;

[0038] S2. Selecting a corresponding mandrel according to the inner diameter result of the first measurement of the sample, and completing the assembly of the barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system;

[0039] S3, filling the main cavity with explosives;

[0040] S4, igniting the explosive by means of an ignition device, and recording the pressure data in the barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system;

[0041] S5. When the number of experiments meets the preset requirements, characterization analysis is performed;

[0042] Otherwise, remove the second plug, replace the voltage control sheet, and repeat steps S3-S5.

[0043] Optionally, the cleaning of the sample in S1 includes: cleaning the sample with an organic solvent and cleaning the sample with an inorganic solvent;

[0044] The step of completing the assembly of the barrel material and coating ablation resistance evaluation system in S2 includes: when the second plug is tightened in the first plug, the second plug is stopped from rotating until the edge positions of the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring and the pressure control plate are all plastically deformed;

[0045] The characterization analysis of S5 includes:

[0046] Weighing the sample for a second time and measuring the inner diameter of the sample for a second time;

[0047] After cleaning the sample and removing impurities on the surface of the sample, weighing the sample for the third time and measuring the inner diameter of the sample for the third time;

[0048] According to the first weighing result, the second weighing result, the third weighing result, the first inner diameter result, the second inner diameter result and the third inner diameter result, the degree of the anti-ablation performance of the sample is recorded.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solution has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0050] (1) Simplified design: The structure designed in this application has only 9 components except the sample, and all of them are positioned by threaded connections or pins. The required functionality and safety are achieved through a relatively simple structure and assembly method.

[0051] (2) Multi-groove design: The multi-groove design of the first plug, sample, mandrel, and second plug can guide the detonation gas flow and avoid turbulence and atmosphere change problems caused by sharp corners or sudden changes in size. At the same time, it can also better simulate the different ablation conditions of the initial section (slope chamber) and the main section (standard cylinder) of the actual sample under the same conditions. At the same time, the grooves near the sample and the ablation channel form a design similar to that of the Laval nozzle. Based on the detonation gas, secondary acceleration is achieved through the structure. According to the needs of the actual working conditions, the angle or size of the groove (including the size of the adjacent through-holes) can be adjusted to achieve the control of the airflow velocity in the ablation channel. In turn, the working conditions of different barrels and even engine nozzles can be simulated.

[0052] (3) Mandrel bidirectional positioning design: The mandrel bidirectional positioning makes the coaxiality between the mandrel and the sample better and the ablation gap more uniform.

[0053] (4) Sealing end face design: The metal sealing ring ensures high-temperature reliability while utilizing the annular groove of the matching section to force the sealing ring to deform, further enhancing the sealing effect and avoiding experimental errors and dangers caused by explosive gas leakage.

[0054] (5) Post-charging and cooling design: The charge is charged with the help of the hole and funnel of the pressure measuring device, which effectively avoids the potential safety hazard of accidental triggering of the ignition device or the first plug when assembling the ignition device with charge in the prior art, and also reduces the workload of assembly. At the same time, the design of compressed gas cooling can quickly achieve the cooling of the device, ensuring safety and stable experimental conditions while improving efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0056] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the system of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 A top view of the main cavity of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sample of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the mandrel of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5 It is a left schematic view of the first plug of the present invention.

[0061] Reference numerals:

[0062] 1. Ignition device; 2. Main cavity; 31. First chamber; 32. Second chamber; 33. Third chamber; 4. First plug; 5. First sealing ring; 6. Sample; 7. Second sealing ring; 8. Core shaft; 9. Second plug; 10. Pressure control sheet; 11. Ablation channel; 12. Pressure measuring device 13. Fixing rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "one", "one" or "the" do not indicate a quantitative limitation, but indicate the existence of at least one. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0065] It should be noted that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front" and "back" used in the present invention are only used to indicate relative position relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative position relationship may also change accordingly.

[0066] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system comprises:

[0067] The main cavity 2 and the ignition device 1 are threadedly connected to the main cavity 2. One end of the main cavity 2 is a solid setting, and the other end of the main cavity 2 is provided with a cavity. The ignition device 1 is installed at one end of the solid setting of the main cavity 2. In the main cavity 2 and in the direction from one end of the solid setting to one end of the cavity setting, a first cavity 31, a second cavity 32 and a third cavity 33 are sequentially provided.

[0068] In a specific embodiment, the main cavity 2 is cylindrical, and an ignition device 1 is arranged at the head of the main cavity 2. When the ignition device 1 is started, the ignition device 1 is reduced in diameter to set the first cavity 31 and the second cavity 32 to introduce into the third cavity 33, and ignites the explosive in the third cavity 33. The third cavity 33 is arranged at the tail end of the main cavity 2, and a part of the third cavity 33 is used for containing the charge, and the other part is used for installing other accessories such as the first plug 4 and the second plug 9.

[0069] The first chamber 31, the second chamber 32 and the third chamber 33 are arranged in a columnar shape. The diameter of the cylindrical inner cavity of the first chamber 31 is much smaller than that of the second chamber 32, and is used to introduce the flame into the second chamber 32. The diameter of the second chamber 32 is smaller than that of the third chamber 33. The variable diameter setting can gradually expand the flame, which is more conducive to detonating the explosives in the third chamber 33.

[0070] The first plug 4 is cylindrical, and the head of the first plug 4 is installed in the main cavity 2 through the internal thread of the third chamber 33; the first plug 4 is a cylindrical structure, wherein the head end has a bevel structure, which is used to guide the gas generated by the explosion of the medicine in the third chamber 33. Specifically, the head of the first plug 4 is provided with a bevel, and the bevel of the first plug 4 is set in a cone shape, and the bevel of the first plug 4 is used to guide the high-temperature gas generated by the explosion of the medicine in the third chamber 33 into the ablation channel 11; at least three vents are provided at the tail end of the first plug 4, and the position of the vent of the second plug 9 corresponds to the position of the vent of the first plug 4. The bottom of the cylindrical structure has 6 through holes arranged in a circle. The second plug 9 has through holes corresponding to the number of the first plug 4, and a blind hole consistent with the diameter of the pin of the core shaft 8.

[0071] In a specific implementation mode, the first plug 4 is a cylindrical structure, one end of which has a bevel structure for guiding the gas generated by the deflagration of the medicine in the combustion chamber, and the bottom of the cylindrical structure has no less than three circumferentially arranged through holes. The second plug 9 has through holes corresponding to the number of the first plug 4, and a blind hole consistent with the diameter of the pin of the core shaft 8. The ablation channel 11 and the adjacent bevel form a structure similar to the Laval nozzle. The first plug 4 is different from the cylindrical design commonly used in existing designs. The addition of the bevel can effectively avoid turbulence and erosion and ablation at sharp positions. The emergence of turbulence may cause local disturbances in the movement of the deflagration gas, thereby causing differences in pressure and flow rate in the ablation channel 11; the erosion and ablation at the sharp position of the first plug 4 may consume the energy of the deflagration gas and change the composition of the deflagration gas, resulting in additional variables and influences in the test.

[0072] A first sealing ring 5, a sample 6 and a mandrel 8, wherein the sample 6 is installed in the first plug 4, the first sealing ring 5 is installed between the end of the first plug 4 and the end of the sample 6, the head of the mandrel 8 is inserted into the plug, the sample 6 is coaxially arranged with the mandrel 8, and the inner diameter of the sample 6 is greater than the outer diameter of the head of the mandrel 8;

[0073] Different from the existing non-positioning or single-sided mandrel 8 positioning, the present application adopts double-sided mandrel 8 positioning, which can obtain a more stable and uniform ablation channel 11, and thus obtain more real and accurate test results. At the same time, different from the split design of the existing mandrel 8, the mandrel 8 of the present application adopts an integrated design, which can avoid the inevitable loosening of the thread in the split design. At the same time, the hardness and plastic toughness design of the first sealing ring 5 and the second sealing ring 7 allow them to undergo certain plastic deformation during use, especially microscopic plastic deformation, thereby presenting better sealing.

[0074] A second sealing ring 7, a pressure control sheet 10 and a second plug 9, wherein the head of the second plug 9 is threadedly installed in the inner cavity of the tail of the first plug 4, and the head of the second plug 9 is provided with a pressure control sheet 10, and the pressure control sheet 10 is abutted against the base of the core shaft 8;

[0075] When the second plug 9 sequentially presses the second sealing ring 7 , the sample 6 and the first sealing ring 5 toward the first plug 4 through the pressure-control sheet 10 , a gap exists between the sample 6 and the core shaft 8 .

[0076] In a specific implementation manner, the hardness of the first sealing ring 5 is not greater than 200 HV, the plasticity of the first sealing ring 5 is greater than 20%, and the first sealing ring 5 is made of metal material; the hardness of the second sealing ring 7 is not greater than 200 HV, the plasticity of the second sealing ring 7 is greater than 20%, and the second sealing ring 7 is made of metal material, and the first sealing ring 5 and the second sealing ring 7 are T2 industrial pure copper.

[0077] Optionally, a pressure measuring device 12 is also included:

[0078] A mounting hole is provided on the side wall of the main cavity 2, and a pressure measuring device 12 supporting disassembly is provided on the mounting hole;

[0079] When the main cavity 2 needs to be filled with explosives, the explosives are placed in the main cavity 2 through the mounting holes.

[0080] In a specific embodiment, the head of the mandrel 8 is set as a frustum, the shaft body of the mandrel 8 is set as a cylinder, a base is set at the bottom of the mandrel 8, and pin-like structures are respectively provided at both ends of the mandrel 8 to cooperate with the first plug 4 and the second plug 9. The shaft body of the mandrel 8 is a cylinder, and from the top of the head of the mandrel 8 to the head of the mandrel 8 and the shaft body direction of the mandrel 8, the diameter of the head of the mandrel 8 gradually increases until it is equal to the diameter of the shaft body of the mandrel 8; the shape of the sample 6 is a circular ring with a groove, and the length of the non-groove part of the sample 6 is less than the shaft body length of the mandrel 8; the gap between the mandrel 8 and the sample 6 forms an ablation channel 11.

[0081] The side of the mandrel 8 in contact with the pressure-control sheet 10 has a through hole that is not less than the bottom of the cylindrical structure of the first plug 4; the end surface of the mandrel 8 in contact with the pressure-control sheet 10 is stepped, and the diameter of the pressure-control sheet 10 is not greater than the maximum diameter of the mandrel 8. The stepped end surface design can reduce the area of ​​the contact surface, thereby increasing the pressure of the contact surface and ensuring stable clamping of the pressure-control sheet 10.

[0082] In a specific embodiment, the end faces of both ends of the sample 6 are respectively provided with annular grooves, and the annular grooves are used to deform the corresponding first sealing ring 5 and the second sealing ring 7 respectively; the sample 6 is a circular ring with a groove, and the length of the non-groove part is less than the length of the cylindrical part of the core shaft 8, and the pores between the sample 6 and the core shaft 8 constitute the ablation channel 11. The sample 6 can be machined from a single material, or it can be a combined structure with a coating prepared on the inner surface on this basis. It is used to assess the ablation performance of the barrel material and the coating respectively. The two end faces of the sample 6 have annular grooves, which are used to force the first sealing ring 5 and the first sealing ring 5 to deform under external force to achieve sealing under high pressure; the ring sizes of the first sealing ring 5 and the first sealing ring 5 are not larger than the connected end faces of the sample 6, but can completely cover the annular grooves on the end faces of the sample 6.

[0083] In a specific implementation, sample 6 is made of PCrNi3MoV machine. A through hole is set on the mandrel 8 and on the side where the mandrel 8 contacts the pressure-controlled plate 10, and the number of through holes of the mandrel 8 is not less than the number of through holes of the first plug 4; the base diameter of the mandrel 8 is larger than the shaft diameter of the mandrel 8, and the diameter of the pressure-controlled plate 10 is not larger than the base diameter of the mandrel 8; the contact surface between the base of the mandrel 8 and the pressure-controlled plate 10 is stepped, and the mandrel 8 is adapted to the stepped structure of the stepping plate.

[0084] The two end faces of sample 6 have annular grooves, which are used to force the first sealing ring 5 and the second sealing ring 7 to deform under external force to achieve sealing under high pressure; the circular ring sizes of the first sealing ring 5 and the second sealing ring 7 are not larger than the connected end faces of sample 6, but can completely cover the annular grooves on the end faces of sample 6.

[0085] In a specific embodiment, the system further includes a clamping mechanism, which is connected to the main cavity 2 through a bearing; the clamping mechanism enables the main cavity 2 to achieve 360° rotation in the vertical direction and position locking at any angle through a mechanical structure, and fixing rods 13 are respectively arranged at relative positions on the side walls of the main cavity 2, and the clamping mechanism supports changing the posture of the main cavity 2 relative to the environment through the fixing rods 13, and the clamping mechanism enables the main cavity 2 to achieve 360° rotation in the vertical direction and position locking at any angle through a contact angular contact ball bearing; for easy rotation, an extension rod is arranged at the tail of the ignition device 1. Locking at any angle is achieved through a brake disc structure.

[0086] In a specific implementation, 360° rotation can be achieved by heavy-duty bearings such as angular contact ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, and tapered roller bearings; to facilitate rotation, an extension rod can be provided at the tail of the ignition device 1 or an extension shaft and a crank can be provided at the bearing connection position. Locking at any angle can be achieved by any one or a combination of structures such as a brake disc structure, a pin and a porous disc matching structure, and a ratchet mechanism. The clamping mechanism can also be combined with an electric or pneumatic mechanism to achieve further precise control of rotation and position locking. The relevant structure is prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0087] A method for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings, applied to the above-mentioned barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system, comprises the following steps:

[0088] S1. After cleaning and drying the sample 6, weigh the sample 6 for the first time and measure the inner diameter of the sample 6 for the first time;

[0089] The cleaning in this step mainly involves cleaning the sample 6 with organic solvents and inorganic solvents;

[0090] In a specific implementation manner, the sample 6 is prepared by using anhydrous ethanol and an ultrasonic cleaning device to clean the sample 6, then drying it with compressed air, and weighing and measuring the inner diameter.

[0091] S2. Select the corresponding mandrel 8 according to the first measured inner diameter result of the sample 6, and complete the assembly of the barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system: when the second plug 9 is tightened in the first plug 4, the second plug 9 is stopped from rotating until the edge positions of the first sealing ring 5, the second sealing ring 7 and the pressure-control plate 10 are all plastically deformed;

[0092] In a specific implementation manner, the device is assembled: the device is assembled in sequence except for the pressure measuring device 12 . When the device is assembled, the edge positions of the first sealing ring 5 , the second sealing ring 7 and the pressure control plate 10 are all plastically deformed.

[0093] S3, filling the main cavity 2 with explosives:

[0094] The funnel device is used to load the medicine into the combustion chamber through the hole of the pressure measuring device 12, and then the pressure measuring device 12 is assembled.

[0095] S4, igniting the explosive by means of the ignition device 1, and recording the pressure data in the barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system;

[0096] S5. When the number of experiments meets the preset requirements, characterization analysis is performed;

[0097] Otherwise, remove the second plug 9, replace the voltage control sheet 10, and repeat steps S3-S5.

[0098] The characterization analysis of S5 includes:

[0099] Weighing the sample 6 for a second time and measuring the inner diameter of the sample 6 for a second time;

[0100] After cleaning the sample 6 and removing impurities on the surface of the sample 6, weighing the sample 6 for the third time and measuring the inner diameter of the sample 6 for the third time;

[0101] The degree of anti-ablation performance of Sample 6 is recorded based on the first weighing result, the second weighing result, the third weighing result, the first inner diameter result, the second inner diameter result and the third inner diameter result.

[0102] In the characterization analysis, sample 6 was weighed / measured in inner diameter twice, and weighed / measured in inner diameter three times after cleaning and removing surface impurities to obtain the ablation mass and dimensional change, and then subjected to subsequent characterization analysis.

[0103] The above experiment was performed on different samples 6 for multiple times, and the anti-ablation performance of different samples 6 was compared based on the ablation quality and size change and surface ablation conditions before and after the experiment.

[0104] In one embodiment, the first sealing ring 5 and the second sealing ring 77 are made of YT01 industrial pure iron, and the 360° rotation is achieved by a cylindrical roller bearing; an extension shaft and a crank are provided at the bearing connection position for easy rotation. The locking at any angle is achieved by a ratchet structure.

[0105] In one embodiment, the Ta coating is prepared on the inner surface of the sample 6 using magnetron sputtering technology; the first sealing ring 5 and the second sealing ring 7 are tantalum with a purity of 3N5;

[0106] The method may also include a cooling step. After the pressure measuring device 12 is removed, compressed gas is introduced into the interior through the installation hole, and the expansion heat absorption and heat conduction of the compressed gas are used to cool all structures.

[0107] Specifically, it can be:

[0108] After removing the pressure measuring device 12, compressed gas is introduced into the interior through the installation hole, and all structures are cooled by the expansion heat absorption and heat conduction of the compressed gas. On the one hand, it can prevent the internal temperature from being too high and igniting the medicine prematurely (dangerous) or causing the medicine to ignite too quickly (high pressure); on the other hand, in conjunction with the temperature measuring device, experimental simulation of different service environments (hot, cold) can be achieved. The medicine is loaded through the hole position of the pressure measuring device 12, and the medicine loading can be placed in the last step of a single experimental cycle. The pressure measuring device 12 has a smaller size than the first plug 4 and the ignition device 1, and the heat generated during the assembly process is smaller, and the possibility of inducing accidental ignition is also smaller. At the same time, this setting ensures that there is no medicine in the combustion chamber during the loading of the ignition device 1, avoiding the danger caused by accidental firing.

[0109] The structure designed by the present invention has only 9 components except sample 6, and all of them are positioned by threaded connections or pins, achieving the required functionality and safety through a relatively simple structure and assembly method.

[0110] The multi-groove design of the present invention: through the multi-groove design of the first plug 4, the sample 6, the core shaft 8, and the second plug 9, the detonation gas flow is guided to avoid the turbulence problem and the atmosphere change problem caused by the sharp corners or the sudden change of size. At the same time, it can also better simulate the different ablation conditions of the initial section (slope chamber) and the main section (standard cylinder) of the actual sample 6 under the same conditions. At the same time, the groove near the sample 6 and the ablation channel 11 form a design similar to that of the Laval nozzle. On the basis of the detonation gas, secondary acceleration is achieved through the structure. According to the needs of the actual working conditions, the angle or size of the groove (including the size of the adjacent through hole) can be adjusted to achieve the control of the airflow velocity of the ablation channel 11. Furthermore, the working conditions of different barrels and even engine nozzles can be simulated.

[0111] The bidirectional positioning design of the mandrel 8 of the present invention: the bidirectional positioning of the mandrel 8 makes the coaxiality of the mandrel 8 and the sample 6 better and the ablation gap more uniform.

[0112] The sealing end face design of the present invention ensures high temperature reliability of the metal sealing ring, and utilizes the annular groove of the matching section to force the sealing ring to deform, thereby further enhancing the sealing effect and avoiding experimental errors and dangers caused by explosion gas leakage.

[0113] The post-charging and cooling design of the present invention: charging is performed by using the hole position and funnel of the pressure measuring device 12, which effectively avoids the potential safety hazard of accidental triggering of the ignition device 1 or the first plug 4 when assembling the ignition device 1 or the first plug 4 with the charge in the prior art, and also reduces the workload of assembly. At the same time, the design of compressed gas cooling can quickly realize the cooling of the device, ensuring safety and stable experimental conditions while improving efficiency.

[0114] The following points need to be explained:

[0115] (1) The drawings of the embodiments of the present invention only involve structures related to the embodiments of the present invention. Other structures may refer to conventional designs.

[0116] (2) For the sake of clarity, in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of layers or regions is exaggerated or reduced, that is, these drawings are not drawn according to the actual scale. It is understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, the element may be "directly" "on" or "under" the other element or there may be intermediate elements.

[0117] (3) In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein may be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0118] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A system for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings, characterized in that: include: A main cavity and an ignition device, wherein one end of the main cavity is a solid arrangement, the other end of the main cavity is provided with a cavity, the ignition device is installed at one end of the solid arrangement of the main cavity, and a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity are sequentially arranged in the main cavity and in a direction from one end of the solid arrangement to one end of the cavity arrangement; A first plug, the first plug is cylindrical, and the head of the first plug is installed in the main cavity through the internal thread of the third cavity; A first sealing ring, a sample and a mandrel, wherein the sample is installed in the first plug, the first sealing ring is installed between the end of the first plug and the end of the sample, the head of the mandrel is inserted into the plug, the sample is coaxially arranged with the mandrel and the inner diameter of the sample is larger than the outer diameter of the head of the mandrel; A second sealing ring, a pressure control sheet and a second plug, wherein the head of the second plug is threadedly installed in the inner cavity of the tail of the first plug, and the head of the second plug is provided with a pressure control sheet, and the pressure control sheet abuts against the base of the mandrel; When the second plug presses the second sealing ring, the sample and the first sealing ring in sequence toward the first plug through the pressure-controlled sheet, a gap exists between the sample and the core shaft.

2. The system for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes pressure measuring device: A mounting hole is provided on the side wall of the main cavity, and a pressure measuring device supporting disassembly is provided on the mounting hole; When the main cavity needs to be filled with explosives, the explosives are placed in the main cavity through the installation hole.

3. The system for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are arranged in a columnar shape.

4. The system for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hardness of the first sealing ring is not greater than 200 HV, the plasticity of the first sealing ring is greater than 20%, and the first sealing ring is made of metal material; The hardness of the second sealing ring is not greater than 200 HV, the plasticity of the second sealing ring is greater than 20%, and the second sealing ring is made of metal material.

5. The system for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The head of the mandrel is a frustum, the shaft of the mandrel is a cylinder, and the bottom of the mandrel is provided with a base. From the top of the mandrel head to the mandrel head and the axial direction of the mandrel, the diameter of the mandrel head gradually increases until it is equal to the diameter of the axial body of the mandrel; The sample is in the shape of a circular ring with a groove, and the length of the non-groove portion of the sample is less than the length of the mandrel; The gap between the mandrel and the sample forms an ablation channel.

6. The system for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The head of the first plug is provided with a groove, the groove of the first plug is provided in a frustum shape, and the groove of the first plug is used to guide the high-temperature gas generated by the deflagration of the medicine in the third chamber into the ablation channel; At least three ventilation holes are arranged at the tail end of the first plug, and the positions of the ventilation holes of the second plug correspond one to one with the positions of the ventilation holes of the first plug.

7. The system for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings according to claim 6, characterized in that: Circular grooves are respectively arranged on the end surfaces of both ends of the sample, and the circular grooves are used to deform the corresponding first sealing ring and the second sealing ring respectively; A through hole is provided on the core shaft and on a side of the core shaft in contact with the pressure-controlled sheet, and the number of the through holes of the core shaft is not less than the number of the through holes of the first plug; The base diameter of the mandrel is larger than the shaft diameter of the mandrel, and the diameter of the pressure-controlled sheet is not larger than the base diameter of the mandrel; The contact surface between the base of the mandrel and the pressure-controlled sheet is arranged in a stepped shape, and the mandrel is adapted to the stepped structure of the sheet.

8. The system for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes a clamping mechanism, Fixed rods are respectively arranged at opposite positions on the side walls of the main cavity, and the clamping mechanism supports changing the posture of the main cavity relative to the environment through the fixed rods.

9. A method for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings, characterized in that: The system for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1. After cleaning and drying the sample, weigh the sample for the first time and measure the inner diameter of the sample for the first time; S2. Selecting a corresponding mandrel according to the inner diameter result of the first measurement of the sample, and completing the assembly of the barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system; S3, filling the main cavity with explosives; S4, igniting the explosive by means of an ignition device, and recording the pressure data in the barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system; S5. When the number of experiments meets the preset requirements, characterization analysis is performed; Otherwise, remove the second plug, replace the voltage control sheet, and repeat steps S3-S5.

10. The method for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cleaning of the sample in S1 includes: cleaning the sample with an organic solvent and cleaning the sample with an inorganic solvent; The step of completing the assembly of the barrel material and coating ablation resistance evaluation system in S2 includes: when the second plug is tightened in the first plug, the second plug is stopped from rotating until the edge positions of the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring and the pressure control plate are all plastically deformed; The characterization analysis of S5 includes: Weighing the sample for a second time and measuring the inner diameter of the sample for a second time; After cleaning the sample and removing impurities on the surface of the sample, weighing the sample for the third time and measuring the inner diameter of the sample for the third time; According to the first weighing result, the second weighing result, the third weighing result, the first inner diameter result, the second inner diameter result and the third inner diameter result, the degree of the anti-ablation performance of the sample is recorded.

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