A system and method for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings

Abstract

The invention provides a system and method for evaluating the ablation resistance of barrel materials and coatings. This system, applicable to weapon and equipment structural component testing and evaluation, comprises a main chamber, an ignition device, a first plug, a first sealing ring, a sample, and a mandrel. When the second plug, through a pressure-controlled plate, sequentially compresses the second sealing ring, the sample, and the first sealing ring toward the first plug, a gap forms between the sample and the mandrel, forming an ablation channel. After assembly, a funnel device is used to load the charge into the combustion chamber through the hole in the pressure measuring device. The pressure measuring device is then assembled, and the ignition device is used to complete the firing. This invention incorporates numerous advantages, including dual-side mandrel positioning, groove airflow guidance, sealing end face fit, and post-charge and cooling designs. It can conveniently, quickly, and safely simulate barrel ablation conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of weapon equipment structural component testing and evaluation, and in particular to a system and method for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings. Background Art

[0002] Barrel erosion is one of the main reasons that limit the life of modern gun barrels.

[0003] Research to improve the ablation resistance of barrels requires evaluating the ablation resistance of materials or components. However, the ablation process of barrels involves the coupling of multiple effects, including chemical, thermal, and mechanical effects. Reproducing these multiple effects in a laboratory setting is extremely difficult. Furthermore, evaluating ablation performance through live-fire exercises presents numerous challenges, including cost-effectiveness, safety, and convenience.

[0004] Researchers have also proposed numerous devices and methods, including Chinese patent (application) documents with publication numbers CN109580697B, CN109982498B, CN108562507B, and CN211318283U, and publication numbers CN111239325A, CN113884616A, CN117310075A, and CN117849090A.

[0005] However, the following problems still exist in many solutions:

[0006] (1) The deflagration gas is quite different from the actual one: the use of an external high-temperature and high-pressure gas source cannot truly reproduce the particle inclusion, instantaneous pressure and chemical effects of the actual working conditions; at the same time, there are significant differences from the dynamic process of propellant deflagration;

[0007] (2) The heat source is quite different from the actual one: the use of heat sources such as pulsed lasers cannot truly restore the high-pressure scouring characteristics of actual working conditions;

[0008] (3) The scouring structure is quite different from the actual one: Although some test devices such as CN109580697B use a propellant deflagration environment similar to the actual working conditions, their gas movement paths and structures are still somewhat different from the actual structure. There are multiple leakage channels for the deflagration gas or sudden changes in the channel positions (there is a hidden danger of unknown effects due to turbulence).

[0009] (4) Poor sample flushing uniformity: In current technical solutions, the positioning method of the components that form the slit with the sample is mostly a single-sided threaded connection. In actual use, especially after flushing with high-pressure explosive gas, the threads will inevitably become loose and have clearance fit. Furthermore, during the test, the uneven slit results in poor ablation reliability.

[0010] Single mode: If the flushing speed needs to be increased in the current device, it is mostly achieved by increasing the charge amount, and it can only be used in a fixed scenario. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To address the above issues, the present invention provides a system and method for evaluating the ablation resistance of barrel materials and coatings. This system integrates multiple advantages, including dual-side mandrel positioning, groove airflow guidance, sealing end face fit, and post-charge and cooling design. It can conveniently, quickly, and safely simulate barrel ablation conditions, specifically including:

[0012] A system for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings, comprising:

[0013] A main cavity and an ignition device, wherein one end of the main cavity is a solid arrangement, the other end of the main cavity is provided with a cavity, the ignition device is mounted on the end of the solid arrangement of the main cavity, and a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber are sequentially arranged within the main cavity in a direction from one end of the solid arrangement to one end of the cavity arrangement;

[0014] a first plug, the first plug being cylindrical, and the head of the first plug being installed in the main cavity through the internal thread of the third cavity;

[0015] A first sealing ring, a sample and a mandrel, wherein the sample is installed in the first plug, the first sealing ring is installed between the end of the first plug and the end of the sample, the head of the mandrel is inserted into the plug, the sample and the mandrel are coaxially arranged, and the inner diameter of the sample is larger than the outer diameter of the head of the mandrel;

[0016] a second sealing ring, a pressure control plate, and a second plug; the head of the second plug is threadedly installed in the inner cavity of the tail of the first plug; the head of the second plug is provided with a pressure control plate, and the pressure control plate abuts against the base of the core shaft;

[0017] When the second plug presses the second sealing ring, the sample and the first sealing ring in sequence toward the first plug through the pressure-control sheet, a gap exists between the sample and the core shaft.

[0018] Optionally, a pressure measuring device is also included:

[0019] A mounting hole is provided on the side wall of the main cavity, and a pressure measuring device that supports disassembly is provided on the mounting hole;

[0020] When the main cavity needs to be filled with explosives, the explosives are placed into the main cavity through the installation hole.

[0021] Optionally, the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are arranged in a columnar shape.

[0022] Optionally, the hardness of the first sealing ring is not greater than 200 HV, the plasticity of the first sealing ring is greater than 20%, and the first sealing ring is made of metal material;

[0023] The hardness of the second sealing ring is not greater than 200 HV, the plasticity of the second sealing ring is greater than 20%, and the second sealing ring is made of metal material.

[0024] Optionally, the head of the mandrel is configured as a frustum, the shaft body of the mandrel is configured as a cylinder, and the bottom of the mandrel is configured as a base.

[0025] From the top of the mandrel head to the direction of the mandrel head and the axial body of the mandrel, the diameter of the mandrel head gradually increases until it is equal to the diameter of the axial body of the mandrel;

[0026] The sample is in the shape of a ring with a groove, and the length of the non-groove portion of the sample is less than the length of the mandrel;

[0027] The gap between the mandrel and the sample forms an ablation channel.

[0028] Optionally, a bevel is provided on the head of the first plug, and the bevel of the first plug is arranged in a frustum shape, and the bevel of the first plug is used to guide high-temperature gas generated by the explosion of the medicine in the third chamber into the ablation channel;

[0029] At least three vent holes are provided at the tail end of the first plug, and the positions of the vent holes of the second plug correspond one-to-one to the positions of the vent holes of the first plug.

[0030] Optionally, annular grooves are respectively provided on the end surfaces of both ends of the sample, and the annular grooves are used to deform the corresponding first sealing ring and second sealing ring respectively;

[0031] A through hole is provided on the core shaft and on a side of the core shaft in contact with the pressure-controlled plate, and the number of the through holes of the core shaft is not less than the number of the through holes of the first plug;

[0032] The base diameter of the mandrel is larger than the shaft diameter of the mandrel, and the diameter of the pressure-controlled plate is no larger than the base diameter of the mandrel;

[0033] The contact surface between the base of the core shaft and the pressure-controlled plate is arranged in a stepped shape, and the core shaft is adapted to the stepped structure of the step-free plate.

[0034] Optionally, a clamping mechanism is also included.

[0035] Fixed rods are respectively provided at opposite positions on the side walls of the main cavity, and the clamping mechanism supports changing the posture of the main cavity relative to the environment through the support of the fixed rods.

[0036] A method for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings, applied to the above-mentioned barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system, comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1. After cleaning and drying the sample, weigh the sample for the first time and measure the inner diameter of the sample for the first time;

[0038] S2. Selecting a corresponding mandrel according to the first measurement result of the inner diameter of the sample, and completing the assembly of the barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system;

[0039] S3, filling the main cavity with explosives;

[0040] S4. Ignite the explosive by using the ignition device and record the pressure data in the barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system;

[0041] S5. When the number of experiments meets the preset requirements, characterization analysis is performed;

[0042] Otherwise, remove the second plug, replace the voltage control plate, and repeat steps S3-S5.

[0043] Optionally, the cleaning of the sample in S1 includes: cleaning the sample with an organic solvent and cleaning the sample with an inorganic solvent;

[0044] The step S2 of completing the assembly of the barrel material and coating ablation resistance evaluation system includes: when tightening the second plug into the first plug, stopping the rotation of the second plug after the edges of the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring, and the pressure control plate are all plastically deformed;

[0045] The characterization analysis of S5 includes:

[0046] Weighing the sample a second time and measuring the inner diameter of the sample a second time;

[0047] After cleaning the sample and removing impurities from the surface of the sample, weighing the sample for the third time and measuring the inner diameter of the sample for the third time;

[0048] The degree of ablation resistance of the sample is recorded according to the first weighing result, the second weighing result, the third weighing result, the first inner diameter result, the second inner diameter result and the third inner diameter result.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solution has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0050] (1) Simplified design: The structure designed in this application has only 9 components except the sample, and all of them are positioned by threaded connections or pins. The required functionality and safety are achieved through a relatively simple structure and assembly method.

[0051] (2) Multi-groove design: The multi-groove design of the first plug, sample, core shaft, and second plug is used to guide the detonation gas flow, avoiding turbulence problems and atmosphere change problems caused by sharp corners or sudden changes in size. At the same time, it can better simulate the different ablation conditions of the initial section (slope chamber) and the main section (standard cylinder) of the actual sample under the same conditions. At the same time, the groove near the sample and the ablation channel form a design similar to that of a Laval nozzle. Based on the detonation gas, secondary acceleration is achieved through the structure. According to the needs of the actual working conditions, the angle or size of the groove (including the size of the adjacent through-holes) can be adjusted to achieve control of the airflow velocity in the ablation channel. In addition, the working conditions of different barrels and even engine nozzles can be simulated.

[0052] (3) Mandrel bidirectional positioning design: Mandrel bidirectional positioning makes the coaxiality between the mandrel and the sample better and the ablation gap more uniform.

[0053] (4) Sealing end face design: The metal sealing ring ensures high-temperature reliability while utilizing the annular groove of the matching section to force the sealing ring to deform, further enhancing the sealing effect and avoiding experimental errors and dangers caused by explosive gas leakage.

[0054] (5) Post-charging and cooling design: The charge is loaded with the help of the pressure measuring device’s holes and funnel, which effectively avoids the potential safety hazards of accidental triggering of the ignition device or the first plug when assembling the ignition device with charge in the existing technology, and also reduces the assembly workload. At the same time, the compressed gas cooling design can quickly achieve the cooling of the device, ensuring safety and stable experimental conditions while improving efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0056] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the system cross section of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 A top view of the main cavity of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the sample of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the mandrel of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5 It is a left side schematic diagram of the first plug of the present invention.

[0061] Reference numerals:

[0062] 1. Ignition device; 2. Main cavity; 31. First chamber; 32. Second chamber; 33. Third chamber; 4. First plug; 5. First sealing ring; 6. Sample; 7. Second sealing ring; 8. Core shaft; 9. Second plug; 10. Pressure control plate; 11. Ablation channel; 12. Pressure measuring device; 13. Fixing rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meaning understood by persons of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "one", "an" or "the" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0065] It should be noted that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front" and "back" used in the present invention are only used to indicate relative position relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative position relationship may also change accordingly.

[0066] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a system for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings includes:

[0067] The main cavity 2 and the ignition device 1 are threadedly connected to each other. One end of the main cavity 2 is a solid structure, and the other end of the main cavity 2 is provided with a cavity. The ignition device 1 is installed at one end of the solid structure of the main cavity 2. A first chamber 31, a second chamber 32, and a third chamber 33 are sequentially provided in the main cavity 2 in a direction from one end of the solid structure to one end of the cavity structure.

[0068] In a specific embodiment, the main cavity 2 is cylindrical, and an ignition device 1 is provided at the head of the main cavity 2. When the ignition device 1 is started, the ignition device 1 is reduced in diameter to set the first cavity 31 and the second cavity 32 to introduce into the third cavity 33, igniting the explosive in the third cavity 33. The third cavity 33 is provided at the tail end of the main cavity 2. A part of the third cavity 33 is used to hold the charge, and the other part is used to install other accessories such as the first plug 4 and the second plug 9.

[0069] The first chamber 31, the second chamber 32 and the third chamber 33 are arranged in a columnar shape. The diameter of the cylindrical inner cavity of the first chamber 31 is much smaller than that of the second chamber 32, and is used to introduce the flame into the second chamber 32. The diameter of the second chamber 32 is smaller than that of the third chamber 33. The variable diameter setting can gradually expand the flame, which is more conducive to detonating the explosives in the third chamber 33.

[0070] The first plug 4 is cylindrical in shape, and its head is installed in the main cavity 2 via the internal thread of the third chamber 33. The first plug 4 is cylindrical in structure, wherein the head end has a bevel structure for guiding the gas generated by the explosion of the medicine in the third chamber 33. Specifically, the head end of the first plug 4 is provided with a bevel, and the bevel of the first plug 4 is provided in a frustum shape, and the bevel of the first plug 4 is used to guide the high-temperature gas generated by the explosion of the medicine in the third chamber 33 into the ablation channel 11. The tail end of the first plug 4 is provided with at least three vents, and the positions of the vents of the second plug 9 correspond to the positions of the vents of the first plug 4. The bottom of the cylindrical structure has six through holes arranged in a circumferential pattern. The second plug 9 has through holes corresponding to the number of through holes in the first plug 4, and a blind hole with the same diameter as the pin of the core shaft 8.

[0071] In a specific embodiment, the first plug 4 is a cylindrical structure, one end of which has a bevel structure for guiding the gas generated by the explosion of the medicine in the combustion chamber. The bottom of the cylindrical structure has no less than three circumferentially arranged through holes. The second plug 9 has a number of through holes corresponding to the number of the first plug 4, and a blind hole with the same diameter as the pin of the core shaft 8. The ablation channel 11 and the adjacent bevel form a structure similar to the Laval nozzle. The first plug 4 is different from the cylindrical design commonly used in existing designs. The addition of the bevel can effectively avoid turbulence and erosion and ablation at sharp positions. The emergence of turbulence may cause local disturbances in the movement of the explosion gas, thereby causing differences in pressure and flow rate in the ablation channel 11; the erosion and ablation at the sharp position of the first plug 4 may consume the energy of the explosion gas and change the composition of the explosion gas, resulting in additional variables and influences in the test.

[0072] A first sealing ring 5, a sample 6, and a core shaft 8, wherein the sample 6 is installed in the first plug 4, the first sealing ring 5 is installed between the end of the first plug 4 and the end of the sample 6, the head of the core shaft 8 is inserted into the plug, the sample 6 and the core shaft 8 are coaxially arranged, and the inner diameter of the sample 6 is larger than the outer diameter of the head of the core shaft 8;

[0073] Unlike the existing non-positioning or single-sided core shaft 8 positioning, the present application adopts a double-sided core shaft 8 positioning, which can obtain a more stable and uniform ablation channel 11, and thus obtain more realistic and accurate test results. At the same time, unlike the existing split design of the core shaft 8, the core shaft 8 of the present application adopts an integrated design, which can avoid the inevitable loosening of the threads in the split design. At the same time, the hardness and plastic toughness design of the first sealing ring 5 and the second sealing ring 7 allow them to undergo certain plastic deformation during use, especially microscopic plastic deformation, thereby presenting better sealing performance.

[0074] A second sealing ring 7, a pressure control plate 10, and a second plug 9. The head of the second plug 9 is threadedly installed in the inner cavity of the tail of the first plug 4. The head of the second plug 9 is provided with a pressure control plate 10, and the pressure control plate 10 abuts against the base of the core shaft 8.

[0075] When the second plug 9 sequentially presses the second sealing ring 7 , the sample 6 and the first sealing ring 5 toward the first plug 4 through the pressure-control plate 10 , a gap exists between the sample 6 and the core shaft 8 .

[0076] In a specific embodiment, the hardness of the first sealing ring 5 is not greater than 200 HV, the plasticity of the first sealing ring 5 is greater than 20%, and the first sealing ring 5 is made of metal material; the hardness of the second sealing ring 7 is not greater than 200 HV, the plasticity of the second sealing ring 7 is greater than 20%, and the second sealing ring 7 is made of metal material, and the first sealing ring 5 and the second sealing ring 7 are T2 industrial pure copper.

[0077] Optionally, a pressure measuring device 12 is also included:

[0078] A mounting hole is provided on the side wall of the main cavity 2, and a pressure measuring device 12 that supports disassembly is provided on the mounting hole;

[0079] When the main cavity 2 needs to be filled with explosives, the explosives are placed into the main cavity 2 through the mounting hole.

[0080] In a specific embodiment, the head of the core shaft 8 is set as a frustum, the axial body of the core shaft 8 is set as a cylinder, a base is set at the bottom of the core shaft 8, and pin-shaped structures are respectively provided at both ends of the core shaft 8 to cooperate with the first plug 4 and the second plug 9. The axial body of the core shaft 8 is cylindrical, and the diameter of the head of the core shaft 8 gradually increases from the top of the head of the core shaft 8 to the head of the core shaft 8 and the axial body direction of the core shaft 8 until it is equal to the diameter of the axial body of the core shaft 8; the shape of the sample 6 is a circular ring with a bevel, and the length of the non-bevel part of the sample 6 is less than the axial body length of the core shaft 8; the gap between the core shaft 8 and the sample 6 forms an ablation channel 11.

[0081] The side of the mandrel 8 that contacts the pressure-control plate 10 has a through-hole no smaller than the bottom of the cylindrical structure of the first plug 4. The end surface of the mandrel 8 that contacts the pressure-control plate 10 is stepped, and the diameter of the pressure-control plate 10 is no larger than the maximum diameter of the mandrel 8. This stepped end surface design reduces the contact surface area, thereby increasing the contact pressure and ensuring stable clamping of the pressure-control plate 10.

[0082] In a specific embodiment, annular grooves are provided on the end faces of both ends of the sample 6, respectively, and the annular grooves are used to deform the corresponding first sealing ring 5 and second sealing ring 7 respectively; the sample 6 is a circular ring with a bevel, and the length of its non-bevel portion is less than the length of the cylindrical portion of the core shaft 8, and the pores between the sample 6 and the core shaft 8 constitute an ablation channel 11. The sample 6 can be machined from a single material, or it can be a composite structure with a coating prepared on the inner surface on this basis. It is used to assess the ablation performance of the barrel material and the coating respectively. The two end faces of the sample 6 have annular grooves, which are used to force the first sealing ring 5 and the second sealing ring 5 to deform under external force to achieve sealing under high pressure; the circular ring sizes of the first sealing ring 5 and the second sealing ring 5 are not larger than the connected end faces of the sample 6, but can completely cover the annular grooves on the end faces of the sample 6.

[0083] In a specific embodiment, sample 6 is machined from PCrNi3MoV. A through hole is provided on the mandrel 8 on the side where it contacts the pressure-control plate 10. The number of through holes in the mandrel 8 is no less than that of the first plug 4. The base diameter of the mandrel 8 is larger than the diameter of the mandrel 8, and the diameter of the pressure-control plate 10 is no larger than the base diameter of the mandrel 8. The contact surface between the base of the mandrel 8 and the pressure-control plate 10 is stepped, and the mandrel 8 is adapted to the stepped structure of the step-out plate.

[0084] The two end faces of sample 6 have annular grooves, which are used to force the first sealing ring 5 and the second sealing ring 7 to deform under external force to achieve sealing under high pressure; the circular ring sizes of the first sealing ring 5 and the second sealing ring 7 are not larger than the connected end faces of sample 6, but can completely cover the annular grooves on the end faces of sample 6.

[0085] In a specific embodiment, the system further includes a clamping mechanism connected to the main chamber 2 via a bearing. The clamping mechanism mechanically enables the main chamber 2 to achieve 360° vertical rotation and position locking at any angle. Fixed rods 13 are provided at opposite positions on the side walls of the main chamber 2. The clamping mechanism supports changing the position of the main chamber 2 relative to its surroundings via these fixed rods 13. The clamping mechanism mechanically enables the main chamber 2 to achieve 360° vertical rotation and position locking at any angle. The 360° rotation is achieved by contacting angular contact ball bearings. To facilitate rotation, an extension rod is provided at the rear of the ignition device 1. Locking at any angle is achieved by a brake disc structure.

[0086] In a specific embodiment, 360° rotation can be achieved using heavy-duty bearings such as angular contact ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, and tapered roller bearings. To facilitate rotation, an extension rod can be provided at the rear of the ignition device 1, or an extension shaft and crank handle can be provided at the bearing connection location. Locking at any angle can be achieved using any one or a combination of structures such as a brake disc structure, a pin and porous disc structure, and a ratchet mechanism. The clamping mechanism can also be combined with an electric or pneumatic mechanism to achieve further precise control of rotation and position locking. The relevant structures are prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0087] A method for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings, applied to the above-mentioned barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system, comprises the following steps:

[0088] S1. After cleaning and drying the sample 6, weigh the sample 6 for the first time and measure the inner diameter of the sample 6 for the first time;

[0089] The cleaning in this step mainly involves cleaning the sample 6 with organic solvents and inorganic solvents;

[0090] In a specific embodiment, the sample 6 is prepared by using anhydrous ethanol and an ultrasonic cleaning device to clean the sample 6, then drying it with compressed air, and weighing and measuring the inner diameter.

[0091] S2. Selecting a corresponding mandrel 8 based on the first measured inner diameter result of the sample 6 to complete the assembly of the barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system: When tightening the second plug 9 into the first plug 4, stop rotating the second plug 9 until the edges of the first sealing ring 5, the second sealing ring 7, and the pressure control plate 10 are all plastically deformed;

[0092] In a specific embodiment, the device is assembled: the device is assembled in sequence except for the pressure measuring device 12 . When the device is assembled, the edges of the first sealing ring 5 , the second sealing ring 7 and the pressure control plate 10 are plastically deformed.

[0093] S3, filling the main cavity 2 with explosives:

[0094] The funnel device is used to load the medicine into the combustion chamber through the hole of the pressure measuring device 12, and then the pressure measuring device 12 is assembled.

[0095] S4, igniting the explosive by the ignition device 1, and recording the pressure data in the barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system;

[0096] S5. When the number of experiments meets the preset requirements, characterization analysis is performed;

[0097] Otherwise, remove the second plug 9, replace the voltage control plate 10, and repeat steps S3-S5.

[0098] The characterization analysis of S5 includes:

[0099] Weighing the sample 6 for a second time and measuring the inner diameter of the sample 6 for a second time;

[0100] After cleaning the sample 6 and removing impurities from the surface of the sample 6, the sample 6 is weighed for the third time and the inner diameter of the sample 6 is measured for the third time;

[0101] The degree of anti-ablation performance of Sample 6 is recorded based on the first weighing result, the second weighing result, the third weighing result, the first inner diameter result, the second inner diameter result, and the third inner diameter result.

[0102] In the characterization analysis, sample 6 was weighed twice / measured in inner diameter, and weighed three times / measured in inner diameter after cleaning and removing surface impurities to obtain the ablation mass and dimensional change, and then subjected to subsequent characterization analysis.

[0103] The above experiment was performed on different samples 6 multiple times, and the anti-ablation performance of different samples 6 was compared based on the ablation quality and size changes and surface ablation conditions before and after the experiment.

[0104] In one embodiment, the first and second sealing rings 5 ​​and 77 are made of YT01 industrial pure iron. Cylindrical roller bearings provide 360° rotation. To facilitate rotation, an extension shaft and crank handle are provided at the bearing connection. Locking at any angle is achieved using a ratchet mechanism.

[0105] In one embodiment, the inner surface of the sample 6 is coated with Ta using magnetron sputtering technology; the first sealing ring 5 and the second sealing ring 7 are made of 3N5 purity tantalum;

[0106] The method may further include a cooling step. After the pressure measuring device 12 is removed, compressed gas is introduced into the interior through the mounting hole, and the expansion heat absorption and heat conduction of the compressed gas are used to cool all structures.

[0107] Specifically, they can be:

[0108] After removing the pressure measuring device 12, compressed gas is introduced into the interior through the mounting hole, and the entire structure is cooled by the expansion, heat absorption, and heat conduction of the compressed gas. On the one hand, this prevents excessive internal temperatures from igniting the chemicals prematurely (which is dangerous) or causing the chemicals to ignite too quickly (high pressure); on the other hand, in conjunction with the temperature measuring device, experimental simulations of different service environments (hot, cold) can be achieved. By loading the chemicals through the holes in the pressure measuring device 12, the loading of the chemicals can be placed at the end of a single experimental cycle. The pressure measuring device 12 is smaller than the first plug 4 and the ignition device 1, generating less heat during the assembly process and reducing the possibility of accidental ignition. At the same time, this setting ensures that there is no chemicals in the combustion chamber during the loading of the ignition device 1, avoiding the danger of accidental firing.

[0109] The structure designed by the present invention has only 9 components except sample 6, and all of them are positioned by threaded connections or pins, achieving the required functionality and safety through a relatively simple structure and assembly method.

[0110] The multi-groove design of the present invention: Through the multi-groove design of the first plug 4, sample 6, core shaft 8, and second plug 9, the detonation gas flow is guided, avoiding turbulence and atmosphere changes caused by sharp corners or sudden changes in size. It can also better simulate the different ablation conditions of the initial section (beveled chamber) and the main section (standard cylinder) of the actual sample 6 under the same conditions. At the same time, the groove near the sample 6 and the ablation channel 11 form a design similar to that of a Laval nozzle. Based on the detonation gas, secondary acceleration is achieved through the structure. According to the needs of the actual working conditions, the angle or size of the groove (including the size of the adjacent through-hole) can be adjusted to achieve control of the gas flow velocity in the ablation channel 11. Furthermore, the working conditions of different barrels and even engine nozzles can be simulated.

[0111] The bidirectional positioning design of the mandrel 8 of the present invention: the bidirectional positioning of the mandrel 8 makes the coaxiality of the mandrel 8 and the sample 6 better and the ablation gap more uniform.

[0112] The sealing end face design of the present invention: the metal sealing ring ensures high temperature reliability while utilizing the annular groove of the matching section to force the sealing ring to deform, further enhancing the sealing effect and avoiding experimental errors and dangers caused by explosive gas leakage.

[0113] The present invention's post-charge and cooling design utilizes the holes and funnel of the pressure measuring device 12 for charge loading, effectively avoiding the potential safety hazard of accidental triggering of the ignition device 1 or first plug 4 during assembly with charge, as is common in prior art, and also reduces assembly workload. Furthermore, the compressed gas cooling design rapidly cools the device, ensuring safety and stable experimental conditions while improving efficiency.

[0114] The following points need to be explained:

[0115] (1) The drawings of the embodiments of the present invention only relate to the structures related to the embodiments of the present invention. Other structures may refer to conventional designs.

[0116] (2) For the sake of clarity, the thickness of layers or regions in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present invention are exaggerated or reduced, that is, these drawings are not drawn to scale. It is understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, the element may be "directly on" or "under" the other element or intervening elements may be present.

[0117] (3) In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein may be combined with each other to form new embodiments.

[0118] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A system for evaluating the ablation resistance of barrel materials and coatings, characterized in that: include: A main cavity and an ignition device, wherein one end of the main cavity is a solid arrangement, the other end of the main cavity is provided with a cavity, the ignition device is mounted on the end of the solid arrangement of the main cavity, and a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber are sequentially arranged within the main cavity in a direction from one end of the solid arrangement to one end of the cavity arrangement; a first plug, the first plug being cylindrical, and the head of the first plug being installed in the main cavity through the internal thread of the third cavity; A first sealing ring, a sample and a mandrel, wherein the sample is installed in the first plug, the first sealing ring is installed between the end of the first plug and the end of the sample, the head of the mandrel is inserted into the plug, the sample and the mandrel are coaxially arranged, and the inner diameter of the sample is larger than the outer diameter of the head of the mandrel; a second sealing ring, a pressure control plate, and a second plug; the head of the second plug is threadedly installed in the inner cavity of the tail of the first plug; the head of the second plug is provided with a pressure control plate, and the pressure control plate abuts against the base of the core shaft; When the second plug presses the second sealing ring, the sample and the first sealing ring in sequence toward the first plug through the pressure-control sheet, a gap exists between the sample and the core shaft.

2. The system for evaluating the ablation resistance of barrel materials and coatings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes pressure measuring device: A mounting hole is provided on the side wall of the main cavity, and a pressure measuring device that supports disassembly is provided on the mounting hole; When the main cavity needs to be filled with explosives, the explosives are placed into the main cavity through the installation hole.

3. The system for evaluating the ablation resistance of barrel materials and coatings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are arranged in a column shape.

4. The system for evaluating the ablation resistance of barrel materials and coatings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hardness of the first sealing ring is not greater than 200 HV, the plasticity of the first sealing ring is greater than 20%, and the first sealing ring is made of metal material; The hardness of the second sealing ring is not greater than 200 HV, the plasticity of the second sealing ring is greater than 20%, and the second sealing ring is made of metal material.

5. The system for evaluating the ablation resistance of barrel materials and coatings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The head of the mandrel is a frustum, the shaft body of the mandrel is a cylinder, and the bottom of the mandrel is provided with a base. From the top of the mandrel head to the direction of the mandrel head and the axial body of the mandrel, the diameter of the mandrel head gradually increases until it is equal to the diameter of the axial body of the mandrel; The sample is in the shape of a ring with a groove, and the length of the non-groove portion of the sample is less than the length of the mandrel; The gap between the mandrel and the sample forms an ablation channel.

6. The system for evaluating the ablation resistance of barrel materials and coatings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The head of the first plug is provided with a groove, and the groove of the first plug is arranged in a frustum shape. The groove of the first plug is used to guide the high-temperature gas generated by the explosion of the medicine in the third chamber into the ablation channel; At least three vent holes are provided at the tail end of the first plug, and the positions of the vent holes of the second plug correspond one-to-one to the positions of the vent holes of the first plug.

7. The system for evaluating the ablation resistance of barrel materials and coatings according to claim 6, characterized in that: Circular grooves are respectively provided on the end surfaces of both ends of the sample, and the annular grooves are used to deform the corresponding first sealing ring and the second sealing ring respectively; A through hole is provided on the core shaft and on a side of the core shaft in contact with the pressure-controlled plate, and the number of the through holes of the core shaft is not less than the number of the through holes of the first plug; The base diameter of the mandrel is larger than the shaft diameter of the mandrel, and the diameter of the pressure-controlled plate is no larger than the base diameter of the mandrel; The contact surface between the base of the core shaft and the pressure-controlled sheet is arranged in a stepped shape, and the core shaft is adapted to the stepped structure of the pressure-controlled sheet.

8. The system for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes a clamping mechanism, Fixed rods are respectively provided at opposite positions on the side walls of the main cavity, and the clamping mechanism supports changing the posture of the main cavity relative to the environment through the support of the fixed rods.

9. A method for evaluating the ablation resistance of barrel materials and coatings, characterized in that: The system for evaluating the anti-ablation performance of barrel materials and coatings according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1. After cleaning and drying the sample, weigh the sample for the first time and measure the inner diameter of the sample for the first time; S2. Selecting a corresponding mandrel according to the first measurement result of the inner diameter of the sample, and completing the assembly of the barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system; S3, filling the main cavity with explosives; S4. Ignite the explosive by using the ignition device and record the pressure data in the barrel material and coating anti-ablation performance evaluation system; S5. When the number of experiments meets the preset requirements, characterization analysis is performed; Otherwise, remove the second plug, replace the voltage control plate, and repeat steps S3-S5.

10. The method for evaluating the ablation resistance of barrel materials and coatings according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cleaning of the sample in S1 includes: cleaning the sample with an organic solvent and cleaning the sample with an inorganic solvent; The step S2 of completing the assembly of the barrel material and coating ablation resistance evaluation system includes: when tightening the second plug into the first plug, stopping the rotation of the second plug after the edges of the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring, and the pressure control plate are all plastically deformed; The characterization analysis of S5 includes: Weighing the sample a second time and measuring the inner diameter of the sample a second time; After cleaning the sample and removing impurities from the surface of the sample, weighing the sample for the third time and measuring the inner diameter of the sample for the third time; The degree of ablation resistance of the sample is recorded according to the first weighing result, the second weighing result, the third weighing result, the first inner diameter result, the second inner diameter result and the third inner diameter result.

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